Oct. io, 1913 
Citrus Ichangensis 
9 
The pulp vesicles are fusiform, pointed at both ends, 8 to 12 by 2 to 4 
mm., rarely reaching 18 mm. in length, on a slender stalk 2 to 8 or rarely 
10 mm. long, attached to the dorsal ovary wall and also along the periph¬ 
eral half of the membrane dividing the segments. The core is solid, 6 to 
10 mm. in diameter, more or less stellate in cross section because of the 
thickening of the membranes at their attachment. The center of the 
core is less solid than the periphery, where there are small groups of fibro- 
vascular bundles opposite the attachment of each membrane. 
The seeds are very large, light brown in alcoholic material, very 
numerous, from 40 to 70 in a single fruit and from 4 to 10 in a segment. 
Usually from 4 to 6 large seeds and sometimes one or more small ones 
occur in a segment. The seeds are cuneate ovate in outline seen from 
above and oval or subquadrangular seen from the side, 15 to 20 mm. 
long, 10 to 14 mm. wide, 7 to 11 mm. thick, mostly 16 to 18 by 11 to 
12 by 7 to 1 o mm., with a straight edge 6 to 8 mm. long where attached 
to the placenta. (See fig. 3, A and B.) They have a dark-brown cap 
8 to 10 mm. in diameter at the base; the outer seed coat is thick, tough, 
and cartaceous, while the inner coat is thin and silky. The seeds of the 
wild form, collected in the vicinity of Ichang by Henry (No. 3423), are 
more angular through mutual pressure than those of the cultivated speci¬ 
men and are also thicker. (See fig. 1, C.) 
There are often two large embryos and usually several small ones in a 
single seed. Frequently the cotyledons are greatly deformed by mutual 
pressure of the several embryos. It is almost certain from the structure 
of the seeds of Citrus ichangensis that the cotyledons remain buried in the 
soil during germination, as in all the commonly cultivated species of 
the genus. 
The dwarfed wild form of the species, found near the eastern end of 
the Windbox Gorge just below Kweichow (Wilson No. 3307), grows only 
2 to 3 feet high and bears diminutive leaves scarcely over one-third 
the size of those of the cultivated form, the petioles being 16 to 23 by 
7 to 8 mm. and the blades 7 to 15 by 4 to 7 mm. in size. In striking con¬ 
trast to the diminutive leaves are the very numerous long spines which 
are unusual in showing a slight upward curvature. (See fig. 3.) Doubt¬ 
less the habitat of this form on semiarid cliffs will serve to explain its 
small size. 
Fruits collected by Augustine Henry near Ichang, likewise from a wild 
form, are remarkable for the fact that the numerous short, thick, £.nd 
very large seeds occupy all the space in the segments, leaving room for 
scarcely any juice. The seeds are rather narrower in the cultivated form, 
but possibly this is in part due to their having an abundance of space in 
which to develop. 
Still, in all essential characters the cultivated and wild forms agree, 
and doubtless the larger, juicier fruit of the cultivated form is due in part 
to the better nourishment the tree receives and also in part to the selection 
