236 
Journal of Agricultural Research 
Vol. I, No. 3 
4. Cresson, E. T. “ Ephialtes comstockii Cresson (n. sp.).” U. S. Comr. Agr. Rpt., 
1879, p. 235, 1880. 
Original description. Type reared as parasite of Retinia comstockiana Femald. 
5. Ball a Torre, K. W. von. Catalogus Hymenopterorum. v. 3, Eipsiae, 1901-2. 
" Ephialtes messor Grav.,” p. 47 s'/* Ephialtes comstocki Cress.," p. 471; t( Ephialtes pusio Walsh.,” 
p. 476. Credits Gravenhorst with having recorded Tinea mellonella as host of E. messor Grav. 
This record should be accredited to Taschenberg (1863). 
6. Cooper, El wood. The codling-moth parasite. 2d Bien. Rpt. Comr. Hort. 
Gal., 1905/6. p. 231-235, pi. 10. 1907. 
"The codling-moth parasite ( Caltephialtes messer Grav.)," p. *31-235, pi. 10. Short general ac¬ 
count of introduction into California, together with description, life history, habits, and letters 
from fruit growers regarding success of introduction. 
7. Eounsbury, C. P. Report of the Government Entomologist [Cape of Good Hope], 
1905. 1906. 
" Ephialtes messor Gravenhorst," p. 98-99. Mentions introduction into California and expresses 
doubt as to probable success. 
8. Froggatt, W. W. Codling-moth parasites. Agr. Gaz. N. S. Wales, v. 17, pt. 4, 
p. 3 8 7 “ 395 > A P r - 2 > * 9 ° 6 - 
"The Spanish parasite ( Ephialtes carbonarius >,” p. 393~394- Mentioned in list of codling-moth 
parasites. 
9. Eounsbury, C. P. Report of the Government Entomologist [Cape of Good Hope], 
1906. 1907. 
(Spanish parasite), p. 86. Mentions introduction into California late in 1904. Doubts value. 
10. - Report of the Government Entomologist [Cape of Good Hope], 1907. 
1908. 
" Caltephialtes messer, " p. 55. Records introduction into Cape of Good Hope from California. 
Comments on introduction into California and expresses belief that as yet the species has not proved 
of any practical value or given evidence that it will. 
11. Schreiner, J. T. Zwei neue interessante Parasiten der Apfelmade Carpocapsa 
pomonella E. Ztschr. Wiss. Insektenbiol, Bd. 3, Heft 7, p. 217-220, 1 fig., 
Dez. 9, 1907. 
" Ephialtes carbonarius Christ.," p. 218. Records rearing from codling-moth larva in Europe. 
t2. Quaintance, A. E. The codling moth or apple worm. U. S. Dept. Agr. Year¬ 
book, 1907, p. 432-450, 1908. 
" Calliephialtes messor Grav.," p. 443. Mentioned in list of parasites of codling moth as having 
been introduced into California to prey upon that insect. 
13. Froggatt, W. W. Insect pests in foreign lands. Second progress report. Jour. 
Dept. Agr. Victoria, v. 5, pt. 12, p. 716-720. 
‘Ephialtes carbonarius,'' p. 717. States that in visit to California he was unable to find any in¬ 
stance in which the parasite had been found in any orchard. 
14. Eounsbury, C. P. Report of the Government Entomologist [Cape of Good 
Hope], 1908. 1909. 
'Spanish codling-moth parasite. (Caliephialtes messer)," p. 64. Records experience in rearing 
parasite. 
15. Theobald, F. V. The insect and other allied pests of orchard, bush, and hothouse 
fruits and their prevention and treatment. Wye, 1909. 
"The codling moth ichneumon ( Ephialtes carbonarius Zach.)," p. 77-78. Mentions introduction 
into California. Brief life history. 
16. Froggatt, W. W. Report on Parasitic and Injurious Insects, 1907-8, Sydney, 
1909. 
" Calliephialtes messor ," p. 5-7. Doubts efficiency of species in California. 
