MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER 
neighborhood of Cincinnati had cultivated the 
Black Raspberry for market, ft would hear ship¬ 
ment without injury. The Antwerps and other va¬ 
rieties would spoil in twelve hours after picking. 
Col. Hodge, of Buffalo, had found the common 
Black Raspberry, or Black Cap, as it is generally 
called, the most hardy, and tune it altogether, the 
best for general cultivation. The Antwerp* were 
tender unless grown among trees, which wonld af¬ 
ford sufficient protection. Covering the plants in 
the fall was troublesome and expensive. The 
Allen is a variety oinch grown around Buffalo, and 
is a native of Ohio. It is of a reddish black, 
and a superior fruit 
Mr. Barry said the growing of the Antwerp* and 
other good varieties is profitable near large cities. 
The Red Antwerp is the variety grown so exten¬ 
sively on the Hudson river, for the New York mar¬ 
ket ' His practice was, in the full, to Lend the tops 
down and throw a Hpade full of earth over them. 
The snow soon covers them. The Antwerp^ are 
far superior in flavor to the native varieties men¬ 
tioned—so is the Orange, and other varieties that 
might be named—they are the Raspberry in per¬ 
fection. The Red Antwerpis hardy in the gardens 
with Mr. McKay's drapes. He has a favorable sit¬ 
uation. He prunes very thoroughly both iu the 
winter and in the summer, and thus the shade is 
lessened, and the fruit exposed to the light ami 
air. Cultivated the drape pretty largely himself, 
and with entire success. Hot a lair erop the third 
year after planting. At present prices the culti¬ 
vator can depend upon from $500 to $800 per acre 
profit. 
Mr. Barry thought that this discussion must 
have convinced all that the Isabella Grope will 
ripen here every season; and that the raising of 
hardy Grapes is not only profitable, but exceed¬ 
ingly so. 
Some remarks were made by Messrs. Johnson 
and Ainsworth iu regard to their method of prun¬ 
ing the Grape, but as we could not make this sub- 
jeet intelligible to our readers without, illustrations, 
and as it is a matter of much importance, we shall 
prepare an article on the subject for the Rural in 
a week or two. 
4. Grafting old Apple Trees. — Mr. Hopue 
said ir trees were healthy and vigorous, it would 
he wise to graft; if old’and sickly, it would be 
much belter to cut them down, aud plant out 
young trees. Some years since a gentleman in his 
LIST OF PATENTS 
Issued from the United Stales Patent Office for the week 
ending December 23, 1350. 
K fl, BtOWltoi l.rwi:.!, ... 20 varieties of Apples:— 
Toltrjwi Sweet. 20 o«, Apple, tWk-no-Fnrther, Northern Spy. R. 
f, '.rrrnlnr, ! rrter Sweet, firrrn Sweef, Rakers Sweet, Bed 
GUILfiower, Winter Swear, Yellow Belltlower, Ribiton Pippi°, 
Holland Pippin, RoMinry Rusts t, Golden Russet, Ponuno Griae, 
HuJdwirr, Ked nan-tula, Katneute, York Pippin 
Jous Parrs, of Yates, exhibited 16 varieties of Apples:— 
Baldwin, Seek-no-Forther, Kail Pippin, Twenty Ounce Apple, 
Bellflower, Rlbston Pippin, Block Gllliltowor, Roxbuvy llusxot, 
Telman Sweet, Golden Relnette, Cooper, BpiUcnbtrrgb, R I. 
Greening, Twenty Unnca Pippin. Northern Spy, tlolinud Pippin, 
I BAX' 
J. H. Johnson, of Naples, Ont. Co., exhibited 18 varieties of 
Apples, and 2of Grapes:—King, Bine Pearinain, Wine, ltoxbnry 
Russet, Black GSTiHower,R. L Greening, Royal Crown, Northern 
Spy. Twenty Ounce, York Pippin, Kiiglinli Russet, Bailey Sweet, 
Seek-no-Kurther, Baldwin, Tolroan Sweet, Winter PeiiRDain, 
Spitienhnrgh, Swanr Catawba Grapes. Isabella Grapes.. 
J Nslsos. of Brieh-ton. exhibited 3 varieties of Apples, and 
1 of Grapes:—Baldwin, Twenty Ounce, Fall Jenetting, Isabella 
Grapes. 
Lb rtf Bit Border, of Kant Bloonkfluld, presented a Seedling 
yellow apple ealied tin* Golden Cons. 
T. C. Haxwei.l. of Geneva, presented a large red apple, sup¬ 
pos'd to bo a Seedling. 
Km.waxckr A Barut exhibited 23 varieties of Winter Pears: 
—Pound. Gatilllac, Josephine do Malini.-s, Baiter Bergamot, 
Vieer of Wink field. Easter Buerre, Princes St. Germain, Doyenne 
d’ Ale neon. Tavernier de Bologne, Marquise, Gros Colmar (Van 
Motts.,) Winter Ntlis, Orange d’Hiver. Jean do Witte, Bezi 
d' Ksperin. Inconnue V Mons. Messeure Jean (round,) Be?.y San- 
pariel, De I.ouvain, Bergamotte Cadette, Catinka, Leon Le Clerc 
de Laval, Glout Morceau. 
Jonathan Adams, Eaton ton, Ga., improvement in plows. 
Harry Abbott, Huron, N. Y., improvement in cider mill. 
John Armstrong, New Orleans, improvement in steam 
boilers. 
G. H. Babcock, Westerly, ft. I., improvement in printing 
presses. 
Wm. W. Bryan, Schaghticoke, improved mode of secur¬ 
ing brass in the snath of a grain cradle. 
Wm. B. Burnett, Lyons, N. Y., improved portable field 
fence. 
Chaunoy O. Crosby, New Haven, Conn., improvement in 
machinery for folding paper. 
Ralph Collier, Baltimore, assignor to Alfred H. P.eipand 
Ralph Collier, game place, improvement in rotary egg 
beaters. 
Theodore Cook, Springfield, Mass., improvement in stoves 
aud furnaces. 
Henry Davenport, New York, improvement in maohines 
for cutting iorija rubber thread. 
Platt Evens, Jr,, Cincinnati, hand printing press, 
Andrew L. Fuller, Clinton, Mass., improvement in looms. 
John T. Garlick, New York, improved spring hinge. 
C. B. Galentine, Samuel Galen tine, and Andrew J. Rus- 
seU, Nunda, N. Y., improved hoof expander. 
Andrew if. Hall, West Falmouth, Me., improvement iu 
mowing machines. 
Edward B. Howe, Lowell, improvement in trimming card 
clothing. 
Sandy Harris, Philadelphia, Improvement in bedstead 
fastenings. 
Jacob Heckeedorn, Ellcton, Md., improvement in plows. 
Joseph Kiogstand, Jr., Franklin, N. J., improvement in 
paper pulp engines, 
Tiff President being absent on account of illness, 
A. Stow, Esq., of Oswego Co., was called to the 
Chair. 
The following gentlemen were unanimously 
elected oflicOffl for the ensuing year; 
President — John J. Thomas, Union Springs, 
Vice-Rresiilents — Asa Rowe, Sweden; H. P. Nor¬ 
ton, Brook port; E. C. Frost, Catharine, 
Secretaries —J. B. Eaton, Buffalo; H. E. Hooker, 
Rochester. 
AV. P. Townsend, Lockport. 
T. Barry, Rochester; T. 
Geneva; LL E. Dickerson, Lyons; W. 
Treasurer- 
Executive Committee 
C. Maxwell, 
B. Smith, Syracuse, P. R. Fkbeoff, Auburn. 
Committee cm Native Fruits. — P, Barry, Roches¬ 
ter; Thos. Smith, Geneva; S. H. Ainsworth, West 
Bloomfield; A. Loomis, Byron; E. C. Frost, Cath¬ 
arine, Schuyler Co. 
Cam, an Foreign lYuits.—Gc o. Ellwanger, Roch¬ 
ester; T. C. Maxwell, Geneva; I. C. Hanohett, Sy¬ 
racuse; J. J. Thomas, Union Springs; Edward 
Frost, Rochester. 
Com. on Nomenclature. —B. Hodge, Buffalo; W. 
P. Townsend, Lockport; J. B. Eaton, Buffalo; Jo¬ 
seph Frost, Rochester; J. J. Thomas, Union Springs. 
COUNTY COMMITTEES. 
P. Barry, of Rochester, General Chairman. 
Monroe.— H, E. Hooker, Rochester; Austin Pin- 
ney, Clarkson; Zcra Burr, Perinton. 
Erie. —John R. Eaton, Col. B. Hodge, W, R. Cop- 
pock, Buffalo. 
Niagara ,—W. P. Townsend, C. L. Hoag, LI. L. 
{fun-all, Lockport. 
Cattaraugus. —Spencer Seudder, Randolph; lion, 
F. a Martin, Clean; J. C. Devereux, EBicottville. 
Cayuga. —Hr. A. Thompson, Aurora ; Jobr 
Edward W. Lucy, Oak Park, Va., improvement in hemp 
brakes. 
Jesse Ladd, Holderness, N. H., improved machine for 
pointing shoe pegs. 
Wra. R. Ltmdfeor, Manchester, Conn,, improvement in 
sewing machines. 
James I.fttorr, Wylheville, Va., improved door fastener. 
Wm. Maher, Slack, Ky., improvement in blacksmith's 
cranes. 
Wm, Mason, WArreD, Mass., improved device for opera¬ 
ting fluid meters by band. 
Wm. H. McNary, Brooklyn, improvement in the manu¬ 
facture of hosiery. 
Lea Pusey, Dowmngtown, Pa., arrangement of railroad 
platform slides. 
John H. H. Parkins, Utica, improvement in hot air 
furnace. 
Herman Sell roc dor, Lewis Salewske, and Wm. Schmidt, 
Bloomington, til., improvement in breech loading fire arms. 
Seligmann H. St rouse and Joseph Strouse, New York, 
improvement in shirts. 
Levi Steels, Ostrander, O., improvement in tinner's 
shears. 
Edgar M. Stevens, Boston, improvement in corn shtsllers. 
Sylvester J. Sherman, New York, improvement in truss 
pads. 
Werner Staufeo, Prussia, improvement in preparing veg¬ 
etable fibre? for stnffiing matrasses and cushions. Patented 
in England Nov. 2,1S55. 
Alfred E. Smith, Brnnxville, Improved mode of connect¬ 
ing shafts with the axle irees. 
John S to well, Charlestown, improved method of hanging 
reciprocating gig saws. 
Gideon 0. Spence, Elmira, improvement in melodeons. 
Clark Tompkins. Troy,improvement in knitting machines 
Joseph Welsh, Philadelphia, improvement in lubricating 
spindle stops. 
A. F. Warren, Brooklyn, fountain pen. 
Allen B. Wilson, Waterbary,* improvement in portable 
bead rests. 
Wm. Hannah, Middlefield, N. Y., assignor to L. H. Bowen, 
and Wm. Hannah aforesaid, improved machine for trim¬ 
ming bolts. 
Elnathan Sampson, Vergennes, assignor to the “ Vergen- 
nes Scale Man a IncturiDg Company” of Vergennes aforesaid, 
improvement in weighing scales. 
Sam']. Gisainger and John W. SeUberg. Alleghany City, 
assignor to A. D. Morris, Pittsburg, Pa., improvement in 
converting reciprocating into rotary motion. 
And'w. Grimes Lancaster, N. Y., assignor to Charles 
Dav, same plae*-, improvement in burning charooal. 
Sylvester H. Gray, Bridgeport, Conn., alienor to himself, 
and Frances Ives, some place, improvement in machinery 
for siring hat bodies. 
Benj. U. Dawley, North Providence, assignor to Z. Allen, 
same place, improvement in looms. 
Samuel Comfort, Morrisville, Pa., assignor to Edward S. 
Ren wick, New York, improvement in automatic rakes for 
harvesters. 
Job- H. Goodell, Bridgeport, improved machine for cutting 
veneers from the log. 
Thos. l>. Worrell, Lowell, improved method of adjusting 
the bits of carpenters' planes. 
Elkan Adler, New York, improvement in spring bed 
bottoms. 
Moses S. Beach, Brooklyn, machine for feeding paper to 
printing presses. 
James Bolton, Richmond, Va., improvement in horse 
fastening. 
Job. Carpenter, Yorktown, N.Y., improvememnt harvest¬ 
ing machines. 
N. C. Sherman and J. Mason, Hazle Green, Wis., improve¬ 
ment. io seed planters. 
A. F. Johnson and F. A. Houghton, Boston, improve¬ 
ment in sewing ruachines- 
Iof- Riiigsland. Jr,, Frauklin, N. J., improvement in the 
pnxess of griuding fciper pulp, 
John Case and Isaac Soules, Amsterdam, N. Y., improve¬ 
ment in smoke consuming furnaces. 
John J. Squire, Saint Louis, improvement in hay racks. 
John Worseler, Providence, improvement in manufactur¬ 
ing callender rolls. 
Charles Winsliip, New Haven. Conn., improvement in 
refrigerators. 
Jerome B. Woodruff, Washington, D. C., improvement in 
sewing machines. 
E. K. Ravarea, assignor to A. M. Mowe, Lebanon, N. H., 
and E K. H-tvares aforesaid, improvement in machines for 
sowing seed broadcast. 
James A. Basin, Canton, Miss., improvement in counting 
machine*. 
Additional Improvement. — Abner N. Newton, Rich¬ 
mond, luu., improvement in breech loading firearms. Pa- 
i tended June 27,13.14; additional improvement June 17, 
me by a friend in Ontario Co., N. Y. ’ value them 
highly. How shall 1 plant them, and when ? We 
have no fruit trees iu Nebraska. My month now 
waters for a good New York apple. The Missouri¬ 
ans bring us over a load occasionally, and they sell 
readily for $2 per bushel. We expect to import a 
large quantity of trees the coming year. Judging 
from the nature and composition of the soil, I think 
the apple, pear and peach will grow and thrive 
vigorously. Wild plums are found in any quantity 
— one variety very fine. We are now having high 
winds; for the last three days a strong wind from 
the south has been blowing, which with the dust 
and smoke from the prairies on fire, has rendered 
out-door life very unpleasant On account of the 
winds, would it not be better for us to plant our 
trees in the spring ?—J. H. Kellom, Omaha City, 
Nebraska, 1856. 
Remarks. —You wonld have done well had you 
planted the pear seed in the fall. As it is too late 
for fall planting, mix them with sand, and put them 
in a box for safe keeping. Let the box remain 
exposed to the thawing and freezing, until your 
gronud is ready for planting in the spring. Then 
plant thin, in a nicely prepared mellow soil, and 
cover with about two inches of earth. Keep the 
bed free from weeds, and the soil mellow. 
Spring would he a good time to plant fruit trees, 
if you can get them in season. If obtained in the 
fall they might be "heeled in” and protected da¬ 
ring winter. We have noticed in our travels over 
the prairies of the West, that fruit trees with law 
heads, and planted close, succeed best. We have 
seen tine young apple orchards, bearing well, with 
the trees only 15 feet apart. 
barrels of apples. They were mostly Baldwins and 
Greeuings. Two Baldwin trees bore three barrels 
each. 
Mr. Barber, of Ontario county, had considera¬ 
ble experience in grafting old orchards. He did 
not graft in the tops of trees, but cut off large 
limbs six or ten inches in diameter, or more, as 
the case maybe. Then put in good strongseions, 
of some quick growing varieties, aLl around the 
limb, as thick as they can set,— about an inch 
apart. This must he done very early, before the , 
sap starts. These scions grow and iorm a lip all 
around the limb of the tree, and the more feeble 
of these scions can be cut away. Trees treated in 
this way had produced three barrels the third 
year. Had grafted apple trees in this manner that 
had been broken off, leaving nothing but a stump, 
and pear trees that had lost the entire bead by- 
blight, and never failed to get a good top. If the 
grafting was done early a lot of shoots would soon 
appear, and furnish leaves enough to elaborate 
the sap. 
Mr. H. E. Hooker had pursued a similar method 
with Pear trees destroyed with blight, aud with 
success. Also, with apple trees in a few cases_ 
The wood of the large limb became discolored, 
and showed signs of decay. 
Benj. Fish thought there was no general rule, 
for grafting old trees. If a tree had been well 
pruned, and well cared for, it could be grafted with 
success; but as farmers generally treat their trees, 
pruning them with an axe, they become diseased, 
and when a large limb of such a tree ia grafted 
the wood decays, and the tree becomes hollow and 
worthless. 
T. C. Maxwell said there were a number of old 
apple trees near Geneva, planted in the olden 
time, by the Indians. As the story goes, these 
trees were cut down by Gea. Sullivan, on his ex¬ 
pedition to drive the Indiaus from this section of 
the country. They show signs of having been cut 
down, as many of them have two trunks. These 
trees were crafted fifteen years since, and are now 
profitable frees. 
Mr. Ainsworth could not approve the system 
pursued by Mr. Barber, f ..e large limbs cutoff for 
grafting would -oon decay. The scions, set so 
thick around the limb or trunk, would form a cup 
where the water would remuin; the wood would 
rot, aud the tree be destroyed. Three barrels of 
A correspondent sends the following from 
East Porter, N. Y., in which he gives his method 
of destroying the caterpillar. As soon as we can 
find room we intend to give an article or two on 
the best methods of curtailing the ravages of in¬ 
sects injurious to fruit, in case Dr. Fitch, (who is 
this week announced as a contributor to the Rural) 
does not discuss the subject. 
"I had quite a number of froit trees last season 
which were attacked very severely by caterpillars, 
and I got rid of them iu the following mauner :■— 
I removed all the caterpillars from the trees, with 
a brush, or whatever was most convenient, killing 
as many as possible by stepping upon them, and 
then with a swab put ou a band or ring of tar, 
just below the limbs. I then kept watch of the 
trees, and in a short time the caterpillars which 
remained undestroyed upon the ground, began to 
ascend them, but upon coming to the tar were com¬ 
pelled to stop. They soon collected in large num¬ 
bers upon the bodies of the trees, when they were 
easily destroyed.” 
Seneca. —11. C.Silsby, William Laugworthy, bene- I 
ca Falls; Geo. Dntilap, Ovid. 
Chemung .—Harvey Luce, Elmira; George W. 
Buck, Chemung; Albert Owen, Big Flatts. 
Schuyler. —E.C. Frost, Catherine; John Woodard, 
North Hector; Dr. Nelson Winton, Havana. 
Oswego .— 8. Worden, Minetto; A. Stone, S. S. 
Gillett, Himnanville. 
Tioga .—George J. Pnmpelly, Owego; John S. 
Nichols, Spencer. 
Cortland.— P, Barber, Homer; Nathan Boughton, 
Virgil; B. J. Campbell. 
A committee having been appointed to propose 
subjects for discussion, made a report of the fol¬ 
lowing questions, which were discussed in the 
order reported, except No, 5, which was passed by 
for want of time. 
Can any of them he grown 
1. Small Fruits.- 
on an extensive scale, profitably? 
2. Shelter for Orchards and Fruit Gardens. 
—Is it important, and if so, what trees or shrubs 
are most suitable; aud what the best method of 
planting to accomplish the object? 
3. Hardy Grapes— Can their culture in the 
open air be made profitable? 
4. Is it better to Top Graft old apple trees than 
to plant new ones? 
5. Is it a good practice to Renew Peach Trees 
by heading them down. 
C. Can Winter Pears be grown profitably? 
1, Small Fruits. —Several members of the Con- 
vem ion thought the Currant might be grown ex- 
tenrivi ly, both for sale and for making wine. 
Mr. Barry being called upon to state some of the 
best varieties, recommended the Cherry Currant, 
the White Grape and the Victoria, the two latter 
excellent bearers, the Cherry Currant, not quite so 
good, though very fair, and the Victoria valuable 
on account of its lateness. 
Mr. Warren, of Genesee Co., found the Cherry 
Currant very productive, more so than any other 
variety. 
At this stage of the discussion, Mr. Ellwanger 
presented to the Convention several bottles of 
}V)ute Currant Wine, made from the White Grape 
Currant. It was tasted by the members, aud pro¬ 
nounced excellent. The flavor was fine, but as this 
wine was made the last summer, it of course 
needed age to be fairly tested. 
Dr. Moses Long found the Black Currant to 
make the best wine, as good us Port wme, and very 
much resembling it, and exceedingly valuable for 
mcdioiual purposes. The Doctor strongly recom¬ 
mended the growth aud use of the Black Currant. 
Mr. Barry had been informed that all the Black 
Currants grown iu the vicinity of New York, had 
been bought Up by tlio wine dealers in that city, 
for the purpose of making Port wine. If this is so, 
the wine makers must be getting more conscien¬ 
tious, and it will undoubtedly have an effect upon 
the price of logwood. 
The readers of the Rural will recollect that in 
the last number we recommended this currant for 
wine; and as being prized for its medicinal quali¬ 
ties in England. We are glad the Convention took 
proper notice of this fruit. Before many years it 
will be better liked and more cultivated. 
The Raspberry was recommended by Mr. Bu u- 
tis and others us worthy of extensive cultivation. 
Mr. H. E. Hooker said the fruit growers in the 
Meeting of the Hedge Growers of Illinois. 
—A meeting of the Hedge Growers aud the advo¬ 
cates of Hedge Fences is to be held at Jackson¬ 
ville, Illinois, on January the 2fith and 27th. The 
meeting is called for the purpose ol a free inter¬ 
change ot opinions on the subject This is an 
important matter to all, and of especial importance 
to the farmers of the West. Any communications 
on the subject from those who cannot attend the 
meeting, may be addressed to Prof. J. B. Turner, 
Jacksonville, 1IL 
Largest Gab Holder in the World.— The im¬ 
mense gas holder, located in the first ward, being 
the largest in the world, is completed, and has been 
in use for several weeks past This holder is 160 
feet in diameter and 90 feet high, weighing 825,000 
pounds, and will contain 1,800,000 cubic feet of 
gas. The weight of cast iron in the guide frame 
is about 1,500,1100 pounds, and the w hole structure, 
consisting of gas holder, guide frame and tank, 
cost about $150,000. This holder is intended as a 
store room for surplus gas, which accumulates ou 
moonlight nights and Sundays, and is then used 
dark nights. The gas is conducted to the works 
on Market street, through a pipe three and a quar¬ 
ter miles in length, and twenty inches in diameter. 
Since it has been in use it has been found to serve 
an excellent purpose for regulating the pressure 
in the business parts of the city, where much in¬ 
convenience had previously existed for want of 
such pressure in the early hours of the evening.— 
Philadelphia Peunsylvan tan. 
Cranberries.—Elias Needham, Esq., of West 
Danvers, has a lot of upland, bordering upon the 
Danvers railroad, containing five-eights of an acre. 
Upon this, some fire or six years since, he set ont 
cranberry plant a and has cultivated them with 
great care. The past year he picked 97 bushels of 
excellent cranberries, which he sold for $-1 per 
bushel, and besides these there were some ten 
bushels of damaged berries. From trees on the 
same land he picked fourteen barrels of apples, 
which he sold for $4 per barrel — making the 
gross income, from five-eights of an acre, four 
hundred and forty four dollars I Beat this who 
can !—Salem Register. 
Trapping Mice. —The number of mice may be 
very materially reduced by trapping them. They 
are very readily caught The little wooden traps, 
with a spring yoke rising over a round hole iu the 
side, con be bought very cheaply. They are re¬ 
tailed for about three cents each, when having but 
one hole, and for six cents w ith two holes. Two 
or three dollars will purchase a hundred of the 
single hole traps. These baited with a bit of 
cheese, or cheese rind, and distributed around an 
orchard, will thin out the mice very rapidly. We 
have a lot of them about the dwellin g, garden, Ac., 
anl find them more effectual, and less annoying, 
(especially of nights.) than cats.— Am. Agriculturist. 
Iron Masts Discarded. —The Belgian steamer 
Belgique, lying in New York, has condemned her 
iron masts as unsafe and unsuitable, and removed 
them to substitute wooden ones. It is alleged that 
the sailors determined not to go to sea in her 3gain 
unless they were taken out: they caused the ship 
to labor from top weight, sprung topmasts, carried 
away lanyards, sprung below deck, and Jack fear¬ 
ed they might break short off and fall through the 
ship. 
A small pocket telegraph apparatus has been 
invented, not larger than a tobacco box, which can 
be attached to the wire at any point along the line, 
at the instant, and a message sent as desired. 
Gardening and Agriculture.— Lord Bacon 
remarks:—Whenages grow to civility and elegancy, 
men come to build stately sooner than to garden 
. —...■— —W..W-— ..... "--re: 
