TWO DOLLARS A YEAR.J 
PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT 
[SINGLE NO. FIVE CENTS 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
IN OKIGl»Al.‘Wr.KKI.r 
AGRICULTURAL. LlTr,n/i rtf AND FAMILY JOURNAL 
in their home consumption, or carelessness ex¬ 
hibited in their disposal, we are still as far from 
the attainment of profitable fanning as though a 
furrow were not tamed. Certain of the produc¬ 
tions of the farm must, from their perishable na¬ 
ture, be brought immediately to market. Others 
can be retained and sold at the will of the pro¬ 
ducer. Every individual when presenting an arti¬ 
cle for sale, desires to obtain therefor the highest 
possible price—and, provided the tendencies of 
the market are upward, would rather wait for still 
higher rates. The wheel of trade is constantly in 
motion—prices are now down, now up—and the 
absorbing question is, has the scale reached its 
maximum? This is, at almost all times, a difficult 
query to elucidate. There are many things that 
the farmer can study and generally draw correct 
conclusions therefrom. A dearth, eitlicr in a por¬ 
tion of our country, or abroad, in the yield of 
breadstuff's, will ensure good prices—so also will a 
war which calls from peaceful pursuits a large 
body of the yeomanry. Changes, from causes of 
the preceding nature, affect prices during their 
prevalence, while those which are created by a 
spirit of speculation will fluctuate almost doily, it 
is an axiom that extremes meet —that high rates 
will be succeeded by those correspondingly low, 
and that excessive depreciation is as sure to find 
the Hood tide. A careful examination of the mar¬ 
kets, and a knowledge of the home and foreign de¬ 
mand will prepare a farmer to dispose of his sur¬ 
plus produce to the best advantage. 
Not alone, however, on the obtaining of good 
prices for the contents of a well filled granary, do 
the receipts of the farm depend. Those little mat¬ 
ters, often termed the “odds and ends,”are great 
CONDUCTED Is Y D. D. T. MOORE, 
WITH AN ABLE COBP;! CF ASSISTANT EDITORS 
SPECIAL, C<» TIM BETTORS s 
Pro?. C. DF.WF.Y. T. 0 PETERS. 
I/r. It. F. MAURY. II. T. BROOKS. 
Dr ASA FITCH. EDW. WEBSTER 
T. S ARTHUR Mrs. M. J. HOLMES. 
LYMAN R. I,A NO WORTHY. 
Tn« Rural Nbw-Yokkbk in dveicDud to be iMisnrpMwd in 
Yalne, Riiriiv, l AKUilnosii find Variety of Content*, and nniqur 
and tiuniitU'iilin appenranen. ll»Conifncior<tpv<it* i >i bin pnooiml 
attention to ihn Mipervision of its various departments, ami 
earnestly labors (o render the Rural hii eminent); Reliable 
Guide on ibe Important Pmctionl. Scientific and other Subjects 
intimately eonnueted with llie business of those whose interests 
it seatously advocates. It embraces more Agricultural, Horti¬ 
cultural, Scientific. Mechanical, Literary and News Matter, 
interspersed with appropriate amt beautiful Kncruvinps than 
any oilier Journal,—rendering it the most complete Agricultu¬ 
ral, LIT HR. ui Y and Family NkwsI’acer in America. 
tTiF All eotr.munleiitions, and bnslness Idlers, should bo 
addressed to 1). D. T. MOORE, Rochester. W Y. 
For Terms, and other particulars, see last p.t"e. 
PROFITABLE FARMING, 
SHORT-HORN COW “ADELAIDE 
regard to purity of Uood, it cannot, certainly-, 
mean anything more than full-blood, aud in its 
most common use it does not mean so much—that 
is, it is applied to a variety of animals which are 
known not to be of pure blood, it was first adopt¬ 
ed in England to designate the race-horse, or as 
he has been called, the “galloper,” from other 
breeds. If it should be asked, why is this variety 
of horse called thorough-bred? it would he diffi¬ 
cult to answer the question. 
But it has never, even, been definitely settled 
what constitutes a thorough-bred horse. Some 
have contended that the animal must be able to 
trace to Eastern ancestry on both sides. Yet this 
would not prove him to be of pure origin, because 
this ancestry may comprise Barb, Turkish, Arabian 
and Persian blood, which is known to be dissimilar. 
Aside from the diversity of Eastern blood, how¬ 
ever, few horses have such ;i pedigree as would en¬ 
title them to lie considered thorough-bred on this 
ground. Take the beat authenticated pedigree of 
Eelipso, for instance,—as given by Whyte, in his 
History of the British Turf —and we find mention 
. CAN AOHICULTUH.L FROTPEit WITHOUT SHEEP? 
Tue attempt will be made again during this 
Session of Congress, to remove the duty from 
imported wool, and the manufacturers aud specu¬ 
lators in wool are combining with the railroad 
companies and other interests to log-roll the bill 
through and get it into a law. So little attention has 
been paid to the subject by farmers generally, that 
they will probably find themselves again fleeced for 
the benefit of capital, aggregated in the manufac¬ 
turing or railroad corporations. The committee 
of the House of Representatives have reported in 
favor of so modifying Ihe existing tariS' as to let 
wool, costing less than fifteen cents and over fifty 
cents per pound, come in duty Tree. Tn some such 
shape it will be forced through. We do not now 
purpose to follow the committee through their 
report on the subject and expose the fallacy of 
their premises, and the erroneous deductions 
therefrom. Enough is known already of the con¬ 
sciences of wool importers to convince us that the 
duly might as well be taken oil' entirely, as to put 
it in the shape proposed, for there will bo no duty- 
paid, and there will he a great deal of fraud and 
false swearing. The farmers must go in for the 
reduction of the duty on all woolen manufactures. 
We only purpose in this article to show that we 
cannot dispense with sheep husbandry as one of 
our most important branches of agriculture, and 
any attempt to interfere with it by bringing against 
it the competition of cheaper lands and labor, will 
he a serious blow to the prosperity of the whole 
country’. 
The experience of centuries has proven that no 
system of farming can be permanently successful 
unless the animal product of the farm annually is 
at least equal to the vegetable product. And the 
greatest success has followed ami does now’ follow 
that system which makes the value of the animal 
product exceed the other. This will be found true 
in regard to the husbandry of our State, and it will 
be fonrnl to lie equally true in regard to any other 
State and community. A high state of agricul¬ 
tural prosperity can be obtained by no other means. 
l.et us compare the agriculture of Great Britain 
with that of France, for the purpose of illustrating 
our position. England proper contains thirty rail- 
l:on acres of land, and maintains thereon thirty 
million of sheep, one to each acre. Franco has 
one hundred and six million of acres, and main¬ 
tains but thirty-five million of sheep. It takes 
therefore three times as many acres to support a 
sheep in France as in England. In other words. 
These terms are applied to animals as signifying 
something in reference to their blood, or the man¬ 
ner in which they have been bred. It should al¬ 
ways be the aim to use Innguago which expresses 
the meaning k is intended to convey. Words 
must be understood according to common usage, 
<>n this basis, what is the meaning of pure-bred 
and thorough-bred? Wkhstb.-., and other lexicog¬ 
raphers, define part as “free from mixture.” It 
is in this sense only that the word can bo properly 
applied to animals. A purely-bred animal, there- 
Lirc, must bo one w hose ancestors were of the same 
blood—their blood was free from mixture. The 
term must apply to the blood. Strictly, it has 
nothing to do with the external characters of the 
animal. We may speak of a purely-bred Indian or 
a purely-bred Negro, without regard to size or 
shape. The simple question is, Has the breeding 
been wholly in the came line, or confined to the 
same race? 
The term full-blond must be synonymous with 
pure-bred. “ /<«//,” says Wkusteh, «is prefixed to 
other words, to express utmost extent or degree.** 
Agriculture is the most Healthy and Honora- 
hie, as it is the most Natural and Useful pursuit ol 
^ an >—surest road to Happiness if not Wealth. 
