MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER 
AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER 
flowera are perfect. The fruit commences ripen¬ 
ing early, among the earliest, but continues to 
produce for a longer period than most varieties; 
ripe fruit and blossoms being often found upon 
the same truss. 
As we have referred to the English varieties, 
we will give descriptions and engravings of the 
two best English sort 3 . 
THE SMALL EKUITS-No. IV, 
.LIST OF PATENTS 
Issued from, the Untied States Patent Office far the week 
ending February 3, 1357. 
Elisha Alexander, New York city, improvement in sew¬ 
ing machines. 
Jonathon R. Anderson, Chicago, Dl., improved excava¬ 
ting and dredging machine. 
Edward Hi. Anderson, Milford, Del., improved coupling 
for railroad cars. 
A. If. Beardsley, Constantine, Mich., improvement in 
filing saws. 
Levi Bcerapr, Libertyville, N. J., improved seed planter. 
Jacob Boyers, Grandville, Va., improved coupling for 
wagons. 
J. S. Brown, Washington, D. C., assignor to Joseph 
Kent, Baltimore, Md., improved lard lamp. 
* Otis Brigham and Seth E. Brigham, Fitchburg, Mass., 
improved anvil. 
Frands A. Calvert, Lowell, Mass., and Charles G. Sar- 
geDt, Westford, Mass., improvement, in cleaning cotton. 
Alexander M. Cochran, New York city, improved win¬ 
dow blind. 
George W. Gardner, Troy. N. Y., improved shaker bar. 
i j. C. Gaston, Reading, Ohio, improved machine for sow¬ 
ing grain and fertilisers. 
^ Oliver C. Green, Worcester, Hi., improvement in seed 
drills. ■»* 
Jacob Green, Philadelphia, Pa., improvement in puddling 
furnaces. 
George P. Foster, Bristol, R. I., improvement in forging 
gun-lock springs. 
George and David Cook, New Haven, Conn., improved 
adjustable seats for carriages. 
Peter Cook, Tonawanda/N. Y., improvement in cutting 
veneers. , • 
Homer Compton, Wells' Corner, Pa., improved harness 
hames. 
John W. Crannel, Olivet, Mich., improved smith’s forge. 
John J. Croy, Caledonia, Mo., improvement in tenoning 
spokes. 
John P. Derby, Cavendish, Yt, improved shirt bosom 
studs. 
Seth 0. Eli is, Albany, N. Y., improvement in cutting 
tenons on blind slats. 
Daniel P. Farnham, Milton, Wis., tilting buckets in rais¬ 
ing water from wells. 
Wm. Fields and Solomon Gerhard, Wilmington, Del., un¬ 
hand, to use his own expression, "a pretty sharp 
article for the Rural.’' On looking at the title, we 
found it to be “ Strawberry Culture.' 1 ' It com¬ 
menced “pretty sharp," truly, with some severe re¬ 
marks about the slovenly and shiftless manner in 
which the Strawberry is generally cultivated—that 
editors who would recommend, or even tolerate 
the heinous method of letting the beds run into a 
a mass of weeds, and starved and choked plants, 
and then add insult to injury, by calling it “field 
culture" or " jnarket culture," deserved to be choked 
to death with a large Honey's Seedling, or British 
Queen. Having consented to publish the article, 
if allowed to make such slight alterations as we 
might deem necessary, we take advantage of this 
permission to draw black lines over all the hard 
words, and give it to our readers. 
THOROUGH CULTURE OP THE STRAWBERRY. 
Superficial Culture, is not what the Straw¬ 
berry likes, hut is moat frequently what it gets. It 
must have a good, deep and rich soil, (with plenty 
of moiRture, while in flower and during the time of 
setting its fruit.) If this is attended to, the results 
will he adequate to the labor bestowed, and with 
this in view, I will proceed to detail some of the 
principal operations connected with its culture. 
Preparing the Ground. —This is one of the most 
essential operations which can he performed, for 
if the ground is not thoroughly prepared, before 
the introduction of the plants, after operations will 
be of hut little avail. It should be done in the fol¬ 
lowing manner:-—Mark out the size of the piece of 
ground which yon desire to appropriate to this 
purpose, and open a trench two and a half feet 
wide, and about the same in depth, at one end of the 
piece of ground selected, and carry this trench 
clear across from side to side. The soil which is 
dug from it must be either wheeded or carted to 
the other extremity. Into the trench which is 
thus opened, throw a layer of good fermented ma¬ 
nure: then commence opening atrenchot thesame 
width, parallel with, and joining the first. The first 
spit dug from this trench may be laid on one side, 
until the other trench is fitted up, when it should 
be thrown on top of the one first opened. In the 
process of filling up this trench, the manure ap¬ 
plied should be at the rate of two wagon loads, at 
least, to every square rod, placing alternate layers 
of earth and manure until the whole is filled up: 
and bo continue each succeeding trench, and when 
the earth has been thrown out from the last one, 
that which was carted from the first will he at 
hand to fill this up also. By the stirring of the 
soil and the addition ot manure, the ground will 
he raised considerably above the original level, and 
i f the operation is properly performed, a stick may 
be thrust down to the full depth of the trench with 
perfect ease, in any part of the bed. The expense 
of labor for trenching will not exceed fifty cents 
per square rood, and I have frequently had it done 
for less. The cost of manure will depend very 
much on circumstances, and probably not exceed 
one dollar ajid a quarter per load. 
After the ground is thoroughly prepared, the 
operation of planting may he commenced. We 
might mention, however, that if the Strawberry 
plants are required to be set out in August, the 
trenching may be performed in spring, and a crop 
of early potatoes may be planted, which will leave 
the grouud in good condition to receive the plants, 
hut if required for spring planting, the trenching 
should ho performed in the fall, and the soil on 
top be left very rough, so that the frost acting on 
it, may leave it in a friable condition when spring 
arrives. 
Planting. —Commence by running a lino the 
whole length of the bed, and eighteen inches from 
the side. Make a hole with a dibble sufficiently 
large to receive the roots of the plant, which may 
now ho inserted, and the earth pressed firmly 
about the roots,—continue the operation by placing 
the plants eighteen inches apart, in the rows, and 
two and a half feet apart between the rows. Give 
each plant a sufficient quantity of water to settle 
the earth about the roots, and the operation is 
complete. 
After Culture. —Those beds which are planted in 
August should have a good mulching of tan-bark 
or straw. Many persons use bay or stable litter. 
This is a bad practice, for the seeds of weeds 
which remain in it vegetate and entwine their 
roots about those of the Strawberry plants, so that 
it is next to impossible to eradicate them, whereas 
with clean straw or tan-bark, there is no such dif¬ 
ficulty. Of course, weeds, being indigenous to the 
soil, there will always be more or less trouble with 
them;" but this is nothing in comparison to that 
wiiieh is occasioned by their introduction from 
old litter. Tan-bark is the best material that I 
am_ acquainted with, not that 1 , as some cultiva¬ 
tors do, attach any importance to it for its tannic 
acid, which is said to be a specific food for the 
Strawberry plant, hut solely on account of its 
cleanliness and quality ot' retaining the moisture 
in the ground. In the following June, after plant¬ 
ing, the plants will form runners, which should not 
be allowed to grow, unless it is desired to increase 
the stock for future planting. By keeping the 
ground clear of weeds and runners, the plants, or 
stools, as they are called, In gardening phraseolo¬ 
gy, will have sufficient room to develop them¬ 
selves, and become robust and healthy; whereas, 
by letting the parents and runners all mingle 
together, the plants become small and weak, the 
ground impoverished, and the fruit, such that we 
should feebashained to place a dish of them before 
ouy of our horticultural friends, and call them 
Strawberries. While the plants are in (lower, nud 
Muscat Robert. 
Little Musk. 
Amire Joannet. 
EARLY SUMMER PEARS 
In our last number we promised to name and 
give descriptions of six of our Earliest Summer 
Pears. We have space only this time for three va¬ 
rieties, with outlines, and nextweek will give three 
more. The Pear is one of the richest fruits wo 
cultivate; the foliage, flowers and fruit are alike 
beautifuL We are pleased at the increasing inter¬ 
est, amounting almost to enthusiasm, now felt in 
regard to its culture. We can now have pears 
nine or ten months of the twelve; as the earliest 
will ripen about the middle of July, and many of 
the winter sorts, like winter apples, can he kept 
until the first of May. The earliest varieties are 
very small, their merit being earliness. Those we 
shall give next, will be larger. 
Amire Joannet. — (St. John's Early Sugar, 
— Fruit small, varying from obovate to pyri¬ 
form, regular, tapering to the stalk, which is long, 
straight and stiff, inserted without any cavity. 
Calyx open, large, not sunk. Skin greenish yel¬ 
low at maturity. Flesh breaking, juicy, musky and 
sweet. 7)-ee upright, and of vigorous growth.— 
Young shoots olive colored, with minute gray 
dots. Leaves large, roundish, flat, glossy and rich, 
slightly toothed, and on very long and large peti¬ 
oles. Tree very productive, and succeeds well 
both'on pear and quince stock. It is well worthy 
of a place in large gardens, not merely on account 
of its earliness, but because the tree is very beauti¬ 
ful, with its large, glistening foliage, and beautiful, 
bright, little miniature pears. Ripens here from 
the middle to the last of July. 
Little Musk. — (Little Muscat, Petit Muscat, 
Primitive, fyc., Spc.) —There is scarcely a day of 
difference here between the ripening of this and 
the preceding, and very little difference in the 
quality. Fruit Bmall, about an inch in diameter, 
regular, turbinate or top-shaped, tapering to the 
stalk, which is an inch to an inch and a half long. 
Calyx large, open, in a very slight depression.— 
Skin greenish yellow in the shade, streaked and 
mottled with dull red in the sun, and sprinkled 
with yellow dots. Flesh yellowish, breaking,sweet 
and juicy, with a pleasant musky flavor. Tree is 
an upright, fine, pyramidal grower, moderately 
stout Young shoots glossy, of a reddish brown, 
with gray dots. Leaves small, oval, folded. Peti¬ 
oles reddish long and slender. Productive—bears 
in profuse clusters. We have seen upwards of 
thirty pears, good specimens and all ripe, on a sin¬ 
gle branch exactly twelve inches long. 
Muscat Bobert.— (Gros St. Jean, JfC.J— Fruit 
rather small, very regular, top-shaped, tapering to 
the base of the stalk, which is about one and a 
half inches long, and fleshy at the base. Calyx 
open, in a very slight depression. Skin greenish 
yellow, becoming a pale lemon yellow at maturity, 
and delicately marbled with red on the side next 
the sun. Flesh white, breaking, juicy, very 3 weet, 
musky and pleasant. P.ipe from 1st to 10th of 
August. The tree is remarkably distinct and very 
beautifuL erect and vigorous in growth, with yel¬ 
lowish wood, in winter quite golden, looking like 
the yellow willow. 
BRITISH QUEEN. 
The British Queen is, in England, the great 
Strawberry,—far excelling all others. It is the 
same in France. It is not only a magnificent 
berry, but bears enormous crops. It has. however, 
proved a shy bearer, probably from the dryness of 
our BummerB, and from improper culture. Robt. 
McKnight, of Pittsburgh, Pa., we know succeeded 
well with it, raising berries of monstrous size; and 
the Fruit Committee of the Pittsburgh Horticul 
tural Society recommended it as being one of the 
two “best varie- * i 
tieB for market B\ 
purposes.” They l\ 
must, therefore, 
have considered V 
it a good hearer, 
as only such 
would be recom- jpBBpBaK' 
mended for mar- „• 
ket culture. Dr ’||!. V*;"; 
Hull, of New- jM fWSr jf?l a 
burgh, also raised ^ 
good cropsof this fWlijKL j, <f> */ 
variety,by trench- f / 
jug and mulch- ^ ^ 
stan ds next in fa- 1 1 
vor to the British sW' 
Queen in Eng- 
land. It is later elton. 
than that variety, and a large, conical, beautiful 
berry. 
proved hydrant. 
George Hall, Morgantown, Va., improvement in sowiDg 
seed broadcast. 
Washington G. Haganrnn, Philadelphia, Pa., improve¬ 
ment in forming felt hat bats. 
James Hansor, Wandsworth Road, England. Patented 
in England March 21,1852. Improvement in gas genera¬ 
ting apparatus. 
David t Human, Berea, 0., improvement in dressing and 
polishing stone. 
Wm. Huey. Columbia, Pa., improved shiDgle machine. 
Samuel M. Perkins, Fort Hill., 111., improvement in corn 
planters, 
Chester P. Marshall, Worcester Co., Mass., improved fan 
blower. 
Otis and Wales Needham, New Haven, Conn., improved 
boxes for piee-work walls. 
James R. Nichols, Haverhill, Mass., improvement in 
holding and dispensing syrups for soda fountains. 
James T. Orr, Onville, Ala., improved cotton seed 
planter. 
Robert G. Pine, Newark, N. J., improvement In grinding 
file blanks. 
Norman W, Pomeroy, Meriden, Conn., improved culti 
vator. 
Samuel F. Piatt, Roxbury,Mass., improvement in sewing 
machines. 
Warren A. Simonds, Boston, Mass., improved life pre¬ 
server. 
Robert Spencer, New York city, improved ladies’ riding 
saddle. 
James Sliiopson, Baldwinsville. Mass., improvement in 
joining boxes, &c. 
Amt. rose Tower, New York city—patented in England 
Julv 23,1 sot)—im proved pump. 
during the time of the swelling of the fruit, they 
should have a liberal supply of water. 
Premising all these operations to have been 
fully carried out, through the first season of their 
fruiting, the tan-bark, in October, may be raked ofl 
the beds, and a good coat, of rotten manure spread 
over between the rows and dug in. Then apply 
the mulching as before, and repeat the operations 
of the first year. The same the next one, and so 
on to the end of the third year, when the old plants 
roust he all dug under with a good coat of manure, 
and the planting renewed; or a much better plan 
is to form new beds in some other place, and the 
ground which was occupied by the old ones will 
be found valuable for dwarf pears or root crops.— 
Strawberries grown in thi 3 manner will not only 
be large in size, but great in quantity and amply 
repay for nit trouble and expenditure incurred in 
their cultivation. I may add that the Strawber¬ 
ries which were awarded the first premium at the 
June Exhibition of the Genesee Valley Horticul¬ 
tural Society last season received similar treat¬ 
ment to tlie above, and by this treatment, on a 
damp soil, or with a liberal supply of water, the 
best English varieties, such as the British Qtteeti 
and the Elton, may be successfully cultivated. I 
have raised fine specimens in this manner. 
Strawberry Cultivator. 
For garden culture there can he no doubt, hut 
the plan recommended is the best, and whoever 
follows it will produce the Strawberry in perfection. 
We would further recommend that a little of the 
tan-bark or straw used os a mulching, should be 
drawn over the plants just before the winter sets 
in, to he raked off early in the spring. We would 
not recommend, either, a very heavy mulching of 
tan—not two inches deep. We have seen Straw¬ 
berry plantations smothered with three or fonr 
inches, of tan-bark. The safest time to plant is 
early in the spring, though transplanting can be 
done the latter part of July and August, if the 
season is wet, otherwise care will be necessary in 
shading and watering, or the plants will die. A 
much better crop is produced the first summer from 
beds planted in the spring, than from those planted 
iu the fall. 
Not having the fear of onr correspondent before 
our eyes, nor feeling any great dapger of being 
choked with Strawberries, iu the month of Feb¬ 
ruary, we give the plan usually pursued by those 
who cultivate the Strawberry largely for market, 
in this sectiou. The ground is prepared by deep 
plowing, and we would most decidedly recom¬ 
mend sub-soiling, when the sub-soil is stiff In 
spring, young plants of the previous year's growth 
are set in rows, three and a half or four feet apart, 
and the plants in the rows about eighteen inches 
apart. The space between the rows is kept clean 
during most of the summer with the cultivator, 
aud some Iniml-weeding in the rows will be neces¬ 
sary. As the young plants fill up the spaces be¬ 
tween the rows, the cultivator must he narrowed, 
and towards the end of summer its use is generally 
abandoned, and the plants nearly, and sometimes 
entirely cover the ground, especially if the season 
is wot. If too many plants are formed, some can 
be destroyed with the hoe. A bed treated in this 
way w ill produce a good crop the first season, and 
generally a tolerable one the second; but the third 
season it is useless. Only two crops can be taken 
from a bed treated in this way, and often it will 
take some care in pulling up weeds and thinning 
out the plants to produce a good crop the second 
season. After this the bed is plowed up. 
It must he remembered in planting Strawberries, 
that some varieties arc called StamintUe, and oth- 
that is, some varieties produce im- 
Those having perfect flowers, are called Staminate 
varieties. We give a figure of each of these flow¬ 
ers. The pistillate varieties, or those having im¬ 
perfect flowers, 
if planted alone, ( v U 
will not produce j \ V j 
a crop, hut if a ^ 
few of the stami- A \ V ’’’ V_ j 
nate varieties ( Jsh —' 
are planted near '—' 
them, they be- staminate. pistillate. 
come fertilized, and produce a good crop. It is a 
singular fact, that while our finest varieties of 
Strawberries, aud our most abundant bearers, 
such as Tlovey's Seedling and Burr's .Xeic Pme, 
have been pistillate varieties, the distinction is un¬ 
known in England—all the English varieties hav¬ 
ing perfect flowers. We would gladly hail such a 
state of things here. We hope the day is not far 
distant when we shall have plenty of good varie¬ 
ties with perfect flowers, and abandon entirely the 
culture of the pistillate varieties. We are making 
good progress in this direction. With a few more 
snob varieties as the Genesee and Hooker, we may 
abandon forever the everlasting talk about “the 
sexual character of the Strawberry." 
Large Early Scarlet. — A very fine, early, me. 
dium sizod fruit, of a bright scarlet color. Flesh 
tender and rich. It bears uniformly and abun¬ 
dantly. Staminate. 
Burr's Few Pine.— Perhaps the highest flavored 
Strawberry we have. It is of a beautiful pinkish 
flesh color, sometimes shading towards orange.— 
A good bearer. Pistillate. 
Wm. Webster, Morrisiaoa, N. Y-, improvement in hang¬ 
ing window sashes. 
Lewis S, Chichester, New York city, assignor to Henry 
G. Evans, same place, improvement in cotton gins. 
Wm. A. Whiting, St. Louis, Mo., improved shingle ma¬ 
chine. 
Jason S. Wood, Washington' township, N. J., improved 
stump extractor. 
Mary A. Cannon, Warren, R. L, Admx. of John Cannon, 
deceased, late of same place, assignor to the New York 
and Brooklyn Braes Company, New York city, improved 
bras* kettle mnehine. 
Joebua Gray, Boston, Mass., assignor to himself and 
John Gault, same place, improvement inse\\iBg machines. 
Henry Weissenborn, New York city, improved blast 
furnace. 
Wm. Wood, Hartford, Conn., improved brick machine. 
Amos Jacobs, deceased, late of Ithaca, N. Y., improved 
washing machine. 
Are 1 S. Lyman, New York city, assignor to the Accelera 
ring Fire Arms Company of same place, accelerating fire 
arms, 
J. F. Palmer, Auburn, N. Y.. assignor to S. W. Palmer, 
Detroit, Mich , improved joiner's plane. 
Geo. H Reynolds, Medford, Mass., assignor To himself 
and D. B. Hinckley, Bangor, Me., improved cut-os' valves 
ot steam engires. 
Wra.S. Butler, Rocky Hill, Cord., assignor to Butler, 
Snyden * Co., same place, improvement in pistols. 
Thomas W. H. Moseiy, Covington, Ky., improved bridge. 
HX-ISSUB. 
Isaac Brown, Baltimore, Md., improved method of driving 
reciprocating saws. 
Moses G. Hubbard, Penn Yan, N. Y., raking attachment 
tor reapers. 
Eds. Rural: — Being desirous of engaging in 
the cultivation of the Cranberry, will you, or some 
of your readers, enlighten me in regard to the 
kind usually cultivated? In this vicinity there are 
three varieties growing wild;—a shrub so small as 
often to be hidden in the moss in which it grows, 
bearing a reddish or speckled berry,—a shrub six 
or eight inches high, bearing a large white berry, 
and a larger bush, such as is often seen in door- 
yards, bearing a red berry. Will youaiso state the 
manner in which the berry is prepared, or put up 
for market? Do you consider the cultivation of 
the Cranberry under favorable circumstances, a 
paying business?— Wm. Abbey, Greig. N. Y., Feb., 
1857. 
Remarks. —We wish some of our readers who 
have experience in the cultivation of the cranberry 
would answer these questions. Much has been 
written oa the subject by those who have had lit¬ 
tle knowledge. Others have written, who, we fear, 
were more anxious to sell plants than to give relia¬ 
ble information. Give us “ the truth, the whole 
truth, and nothing but the truth.” 
We translate the following from a German Scien¬ 
tific Journal, for the benefit of our mechanics and 
agricultural lahorers:~“It has long been knowuthat 
the simplest method of sharpening a razor is to 
put it for half an hour in water to which has been 
added one-twentieth of its weight of muriatic or 
sulphuric acid, then lightly wipe it off and after a 
few hours set it on a hone. The acid here supplies 
the place of a whetstone by corroding the whole 
surface uniformly. 90 that nothing further than a 
smooth polish is necessary. The process uever 
injures good blades, while badly hardened ones are 
frequently improved by it, although the cause of 
such improvement remains unexplained. Of late 
this process aas been applied to many other cut¬ 
ting implements. The workman at the beginning 
of his noon spell, or when he leaves off in the 
evening, moistens the blades of his tools with 
water acidified as above, the cost of which is al¬ 
most nothing. This saves the consumption of time 
and labor in whetting, which moreover speedily 
wears on the blades. 
Ed. Rural: —We have abont three acres of land 
which we wish to seed with clover in part, and the 
remainder set to grapes, and are advised to sow it 
with barley, as the crop which will the least inter¬ 
fere with our fall work. I wish to know what 
kind of barley will be the most profitable, as it will 
be intended for seed, aud also whether in your 
opinion that would be the best crop to raise.— H. 
F. McKay, Naples, .V. Y., Feb. 12, 1857. 
Remarks. —The two-rowed (Hess) barley is pro¬ 
bably as good a variety as you can. sow. Barley 
will be off the ground as early as any spring crop, 
and will give you au opportunity to prepare the 
ground for grapes. A crop of early potatoes 
would be a good crop to plant under such circum¬ 
stances.—E d. 
Box Edging.—Mr. Moore:— I have been reading 
in the Rural remarks ou raising box edging, and 
as my plan is a little different from that recom¬ 
mended, I will give it to your readers. In this 
latitude the last of May is soon enough to set slips 
of box. I never use any manure. If the soil is 
light sand, or peat, wet it well as boou as the slips 
are planted, and pack it tight with the foot, the 
tighter the better. Then cover the soil close up to 
the box, with an inch ot line gravel each side of 
the edging, three or tour inches wide, to keep it 
damp. Clay soils are good for box, and gravel 
over any soil is an improvement to the growth of 
box. No doubt Mr. L. killed his box with rotten 
leaves and loosening the soil. If he will mix 
clay with the sandy loam, and after planting cover 
as above, I think he will tell us in 185S that his 
box looks flue.—J. W., near Geneva, N. Y. 
The mode of sharpening 
here indicated would be found specially advanta¬ 
geous for sickles and scythes.”— Mark Lane 
Express. 
HOVEY’S SEEDLING. 
Hovey's Seedlutg is the largest American variety, 
of a fine dark red color when fully ripe. Flesh 
rather firm, nud a fair bearer. Flavor good. Pis¬ 
tillate. 
Walker's Seedling is a valuable variety, of a'dark 
red color, good flavor and productive, i Staminate. 
Genesee bears a large 
berry o f a beautiful \ 
crimson color, and of v \ a 
good flavor. It is a * 
vigorous grower and a ^ 
good hearer. Stami- 
nate. 
Hooker. — Size very kU ). 
large, nearly or quite f\ * ? " ( 1 ^ j VS{kjj& 
as large a s Hovey’s <■ $. , 0 (fjKgl 
Seedling. Color deep, . J - * j S 
dark shining red.— .('j.' (j* f j < ® 1 
Form, rather long coni- j jjjijg ' ’ ffiJj SB 
cal, sometimes flattened , $ ! $ r, ' A'My 
in largo specimens, very Ht-t N v* •. 
rich and high flavored. 
Many think it unsur- geneses. 
passed by any variety. The plant is a very vigor¬ 
ous grower, hardy, and an abundant bearer. Tho 
Steel from Oxyd of Iron. —At a recent meet¬ 
ing of the Cleveland, (0.) Academy of National 
Sciences, Colonel Whittlesy presented specimens 
of steel manufactured directly from pure iron oxyd 
at the Sharon Iron Works, Mercer county. Pa,— 
This steel presented a finer fracture than that of 
blister steel. Col. W. stated that this article could 
be made at an equally low price with common 
wrought-iron, or nearly so. 
A Machinist of Memphis, Tennessee, has con¬ 
trived what he calls a marine locomotive, which 
he is confident can be constructed so as to make 
thirty miles an hour. The iuvention consists in 
using two huge parallel hollow screws in place of 
the present keel, and revolving them by means of 
steam power, so that they will cut their way 
through the water as a common screw cuts into 
wood. 
Deferred. —We are obliged to defer, for want 
of space, over a column of interesting and season, 
able Horticultural matter, prepared forthe last and 
this number. Don’t know but it will soon become 
necessary to remove the department of Mechanic 
Arts, &c., to another part of the paper, or condense 
it greatly, as we are very desirous of fully and sea¬ 
sonably discussing various important Horticultural 
opics. 
Inventors have been very active in England 
during 1856—3,000 patents having been issued to 
them. 
ers Pistillate 
perfect flowers, having pistils, but being destitute 
of stamens, and these are called Pistillate varieties. 
