MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSFAFER. 
MARCH 21. 
try the bearded wheat. For late sowing try any 
good variety. While the ground was suit and wet 
I have turned over old award that had been mown 
for eight years, sown immediately spring wheat, 
and dragged so as not to break the furrows, and 
had satisfactory results. 
Now' as to the Hessian fly. I never had spring 
wheat attacked and injured by this enemy but 
once. It was on a field where winter wheat, and 
spring wheat were sown side by side. The win¬ 
ter wheat was cut and prostrated by the fly, and 
the crop nearly destroyed. As there was nothing 
to separate the tw r o parcels, the fly progressed, and 
both shared the same fate. As the Hessian fly 
commences liis career in the fall, in the winter- 
plant, near the root, wheat sown in spring is ex¬ 
empt from this danger. It should not, however, 
be sown so near to winter wheat on the farm, that 
the enemy can easily go from one crop to the ot her. 
The importance of this subject is the only apol¬ 
ogy for troubling the farming community with 
these suggestions; and if they can avail in any 
degree to arrest or mitigate this evil, the design 
and hopes of the writer will be realized. 
March 4th, 1857. Farmer D. 
---<*—*-- 
CULTURE OP THE SWEET POTATO. 
Eds. Rural:— About eighteen years ago I plant¬ 
ed, in the open field, a few hills of whole sweet 
potatoes, without first starting them in a hot-bed. 
The soil was a coarse, hard, gravelly loam, neither 
plowed nor spaded deep. They grew rapidly, but 
in going down the longest tubers came in contact 
with the hard gravel and battered up; still the po¬ 
tatoes were large and fine. Since then I have cul¬ 
tivated them every year with perfect success, each 
year more successfully, having more experience, 
and I have not the least doubt, that with the proper 
knowledge anil attention, an abundant supply of 
this excellent article, lor home consumption, may 
be raised in this section with ns little trouble as 
tbe common potato. The sweet potato is now al¬ 
most indispensable iu nearly all our families, es¬ 
pecially those food of good living. The amount 
of money paid for those raised iu and brought 
from other States, is very large and yearly increas¬ 
ing, and the prices are high. This amount, if 
employed in cultivating them at home, would, in 
my opinion, supply double the quantity now used. 
And when the fact that they can be easily raised iB 
generally known among us, the quantity will in¬ 
crease till we shall have a supply of oor own, and 
at a moderate price, so that none need do without 
them. There is another valuable consideration 
connected with their culture. As I have never 
discovered any disease in them, and never had a 
crop jail by rot or otherwise, as has been the case 
with the common potato, we may be reasonably 
sure of a supply of the sweet potato, should the 
common one fail. 
The greatest difficulty in raising them is to pro¬ 
cure the plants. As I have never been able to 
keep the tubers over winter, roy manner lias been 
to send to New York or other places in the month 
of March or early in April, and bny half a peck or 
more of the seed, (potato.) A peck will produce 
from 100 to 600 plants. I then prepare my hot¬ 
bed. When ready, I slit tbe potatoes lengthwise, 
laying the cut side down, in rows six to ten inches 
apart, covering them about one and a half inches 
deep, pressing the earth lightly over them, taking 
care not to let the temperature get too high. Too 
much heat causes them to rot. When the time for 
transplanting comes, which is after the danger of 
frost is past I take them up and cut them into as 
many small pieces as there arc plants, leaving, if 
I can, a small piece of the potato on each plant, 
but if there is no piece attached, tbe plant will 
grow nearly as well and do as well as any—for 
there is no plant more sure to grow or harder to 
kill. 
As to the best land for growing them, a loose, 
sandy loam is preferable, and hard gravel and 
compact soils should be avoided. Tf manure is 
used, it should be old, well pulverized, and thor¬ 
oughly mixed with tbe- earth. The tubers will run 
deep into the eaith, in some instances 18 to 20 or 
more inches. As the root, when growing, is very 
tender, it will overcome no obstruction; the ground 
therefore should be deeply plowed or spaded and 
thoroughly mellowed, so as to give them easy pas¬ 
sage downwards. It is well to transplant them 
early, as soon as the danger of frost is over. In 
doing this I raise hills or ridges, the hills about 
three feet apart with one plant in a bill, the ridges 
about two and a half feet apart, with plants one 
and a half feet apart. If I can transplant in awet 
day, the better; if not, I do it an hour or two be¬ 
fore sunset, in tbe same manner as I would cab¬ 
bage plants, being careful to put a gill or so of 
water (not cold) into each hole before putting the 
earth around the root; then fill round the plant, 
with fine earth, pressing it lightly. In this way I 
lose very few plants. If the season Is very dry and 
the sun hot, I usually cover my plants with bur¬ 
dock or other large leaves, shingles or any small 
articles, daring the next day, by which time all 
danger is over. But this covering is rarely neces¬ 
sary, as the plants are as sure to grow as any plant 
I ever put into the ground. Nothing furtherneed 
be done, except to hoe them as other potatoes, 
being careful to raise tbe hills every time in order 
to give depth for tbe roots. 
It is well to let them grow till the tops are killed 
by tbe frost. In digging, the best manner is to 
draw tbe earth away from the vines to the surface, 
and then use a long fiat-tined dung fork. Now 
comes the most important part to be attended to 
in order to preserve the potato through tbe winter. 
They should be thoroughly dried in at least two 
days’ hot sun, and then put into a dry cellar in a 
bin ten or twelve inches from tbe cellar bottom.— 
At the South, when the weather is unfavorable for 
drying, they are often dried inlarge oveDsor kilns, 
and then packed in dry cellars in kiln-dried saud 
or pine bonghs thoroughly dried. The pine boughs 
are undoubtedly tbe most sure preservative. 
Another method of procuring plants is very 
easy. They may be carried by express in cigar or 
other small boxes almost any number of hundreds 
of miles with perfect safety. Take up tbe potato 
with the plants and dirt attached and pack them 
closely in the box, and there is no danger of 
losing them on the way, if ordinary care is used. 
Those having friends or acquaintances among the 
gentlemen at the South or West who raise them 
abundantly, can easily order them. 
Attica, N. Y., 1857. A. S. Stevens. 
KING PHILIP CORN.-LAWN GRASS. 
Eds. Rural:—P ermit me through your valuable 
paper, to inform your large circle of readers of 
my success in raising the King Philip Corn. 1 
bought of a man in Mexico, Oswego Co., one hall 
bushel in the spring ot 1856. I planted it upon a 
good soil, and was expecting a remarkable yield. 
The, seed did not quite bold out to plant the 
ground intended fur it, and I finished with the 
eight-rowed yellow. Mark the result. The whole 
piece was well cultivated, and in all respects 
treated alike. The King Philip grew very short 
and small stalks, with but few ears that were over 
six-inches long, and the majority were mure nub¬ 
bins, not over three or four inches io length. Tbe 
yellow com prow to double the height ol the King 
Philip, the stalks were strong and stood erect, (tbe 
King Philip crinkled down badly.) and the yield 
was at least double, per square rod, to that, of the 
King Philip. The only virtue I have discovered 
iu the latter is its coining early to maturity, which 
would recommend it where the common yellow 
corn will not ripen. In this county of Onondaga, 
which is not excelled in its capacity for growing 
great crops of corn of the eight or twelve-rowed 
yellow, it is no advantage to plant a small variety 
because it matures early. You have my expe¬ 
rience, which proved rather expensive, although 
on a limited scale, and others may profit by it, or 
experiment with King Philip for themselves. 
Will yon, or, through your paper, will some of 
your readers who are wise on the subject, tell me 
what kind or kinds of grass are best to seed a 
lawn, of say two or three acres, intended to remain 
in grass a great number of years, or indefinitely. 
Some kinds that grow even and fine, producing a 
fair amount and quality of bay, and not liable to 
die out, and which would maintain their verdure 
through tbe season would be most desirable. 
Fayetteville, N, Y., 1857. Samuel J. Wells. 
Remarks. — Red Top and White Dutch Clover 
makes a beautiful lawn. Kentucky blue Grass 
maybe used instead of the Red lop, as we think 
it bears our hot dry summers better. Wo have 
sown one-half of each with very satisfactory re¬ 
sults.— Eds. 
-- 
PREPARATION OP MANURE. 
Eds. Rural:—T he articles upon the management 
of manure in the Rural, I have been much inter¬ 
ested in, and particularly with the few hints iu a 
late number on ils application to the soil That it 
should be well pulverized or rotted, and then well 
mixed with the soil to do the most good I believe 
to be a correct theory, but the question is, how 
shall we carry It out in practice to the best advan¬ 
tage, having large stacks of wheat straw, as most 
of our farmers do, which it is almost impossible to 
get under the ground the second year iu any shape. 
The farmers here depend mostly on the large 
stacks of straw for their manure. This is thrown 
out to our cattle through the winter with a lavish 
hand, tbe main object being to get it all trodden 
under foot. We have found no plan yet in our 
Rural fur managing this coarse manure to more 
readily fit it for use, but are left to follow tbe old 
mode—let it rot when it will, and plow it in when 
we can. With your permission, 1 will suggest one 
plan for managing this matter, hoping it may be 
answered through tbe Rural by those of more ex¬ 
perience than myself. I would propose first to 
shelter our straw as wc best can,then to put it with 
stalksandhay through the cutting machine (propell¬ 
ed by some cheap power) before feeding it. We 
would thus be enabled to keep nearly twice the 
amount of stock. Tbe cost will be but a trifle, 
while the work would be no more than tbe old 
plan of pitching it over all summer to rot it. It 
will also be better for our cattle than to keep them 
out through all our winter storms, treading down 
straw, while the manure would be in better condi¬ 
tion for plowing in at any time. h. j. 
Stafford, N. Y., 1857. 
Remark?.—O ur friend lias hit upon a measure 
frequently urged in the Rural. One of our “Reg¬ 
ular Contributors” has gone still farther into tbe 
merits of the case, and advocates the grinding of 
both hay and straw into meal for provender to do 
away with the labor of covering “ long manure,”— 
We have never doubted that results tbe most ben¬ 
eficial would be tbe effect of such a plan as pro¬ 
posed —Eds. 
GEOWINO TIMOTHY SEED AT THE WEST. 
This is destined to become as profitable a busi¬ 
ness as the farner on the western prairies can 
engage in. Attended with little expense until 
harvesting and marketing, it gives a larger mar¬ 
gin for clear profit, than any other product of this 
favored agricultural region. 
The land is usually, for a few years after break¬ 
ing, cropped with corn or other grain, and then 
seeded heavily with dean timothy. Some trouble 
is frequently experienced in obtaining a good 
stand clear Iroru wild gras?, But this ia difficult 
only in very dry seasons, and may be remedied by 
early seeding, in the spring or the fall before, or 
by dragging in the seed slightly, after it is sown 
on a smooth and even surface. 
When the Beed ie fairly ripened, it is cut with a 
mowing machine, and if the weather is fair the 
crop is soon secured, aflording frequently a fair re¬ 
turn in hay beside. It is threshed with a machine, 
and cleaned by being passed through u fanniug- 
mill, and common meal sieve by band. The labor 
of cleaning could be much lessened by a fanning- 
mill arranged so as to closely sift the seed with 
long sieves, that it may not be blown over. The 
seed grown here is of excellent quality, entirely 
free from the foul stuff so common in meadows at 
the East. 
The product is frequently astonishing—amount¬ 
ing to an average yield,—for fifty acrcB, of ten to 
twelve bushels of seed, and usually from one and a 
half to two tuns of hay per acre. Mr. 1>-, of 
tbo town of II-, TIL, cut last summer from four 
acres about eight tuns ol bay, from which he 
threshed twenty-four bushels of excellent seed.— 
The yield was perhaps materially diminished by 
cutting when green. 
The crop of seed grown by several farmers in 
Lee Co., I1L, sold for from four to five hundred dol¬ 
lars the last, autumn. This is quite an item iu the 
profit of Western Farming, aud one which they 
can easily increase until they command the mar¬ 
ket. Jno. Sankield. 
Lee Co., Ill., March, 1856. 
SUGAR-MAKING. 
Eds. Rural: —We are now in the busy time of 
sugar-making—the ice and snow of the past win¬ 
ter having given way to the soft breezes of spring. 
This is always a busy season. The buckets are 
taken down from tbe "loft” of the sugar house, a 
warm fire built in tbe arch, and all bands called to 
“quarters,” to engage in the scalding process.— 
This (as a previous writer says,) should be done 
thoroughly. When this portion ot labor has closed, 
and the sap tubs have been scattered about the 
camp, then comes the process of “tapping” the 
bush. The operator should first procure a good 
“bit,” that be may lose no time, for the first run 
is considered the best. The tubs should be placed 
near the trees that they may bo handy. After this 
process has been finished, a fire should be re-built 
in tbe arch and the pan washed clean from all im¬ 
purities, if not, ihe sugar will be of a dark color 
and of a bad taste. 
The best place for building an arch is on a flat 
rock, which can generally be found in an up-land 
sugar hush, for the bottom will be solid and wheu 
heated retain its heat. A good substantial arch is 
one of tbe greatest conveniences in a comp. Tbe 
pan should be kept properly filled by a pipe rim¬ 
ing from the cistern. By this means the sap in 
the pan will keep constantly boiling. Dry wood 
should invariably be "burned, for by its uso is 
secured a steady fire, and much less wood is con¬ 
sumed. Sap boiled rather fast makes far the best 
sugar, foi' the reason that, it is new aud sweet.— 
After standing, even for a short, time, It has a ten¬ 
dency to sour aud becomes dead, in a measure 
losing its vitality. When the sap is boiled nearly 
to syrup tbe wood should be removed from the 
arch and the remainder of the boiling done by the 
coals. By this means burned sugar will be scarce. 
Cliudon, Ohio, March, 1857. Scribe. 
USES AND CULTURE OF CARROTS. 
Eds. Rural: —On this subject there seems to me 
no danger of saying too much — it needs urging 
upon the notice of the farming community. Actual 
experiment has taught me that no root crop, suited 
to our climate, is so valuable as this. T have cul¬ 
tivated to some extent, the mangold wurtzel and 
sugar beets, carrots, ruta bagas, and some lulf- 
dozen kinds of turnips,—among these the carrot is 
25 per cent, ahead in my estimation. I know tka 
some, and perhaps all the other kinds, may be 
raised at less cost per bushel, but they fell much 
below in value. Still the yield is often very large 
— in one instance, one-tenth of an aero gave a 
product of one hundred and six bushels. 
I have been in the practice of feeding more or 
less to horses, cows and sheep, and find them of 
high value lor this purpose. For horses, I con¬ 
sider them fully equal to oats, bushel for bushel; 
that is as a partial feed, substituting one-half or 
one-third in the place of one-half or onc-third the 
daily feed of grain. By doing so the animal gains 
faster than if fed on oats and bay alone, and is un¬ 
doubtedly in ft much healthier condition. 
In closing, I would offer a few suggestions as to 
the culture of carrots. They may be grown on 
any variety of soil if sufficiently manured. I bftve 
raised them on clay, loam and gravelly land. The 
soil should be pulverized to tbe depth of one foot, 
at least, nnd made very fine at the surface. I usu¬ 
ally sow abont the 15th of June, in drills, eighteen 
or twenty inches apart, cover one inch deep. Be 
sure and keep the start of the weeds, or they will 
get the start of your carrots. These things attend¬ 
ed to, you may confidently expect an abundant 
harvest. 8. b. F. 
Niagara Co., N. Y., 1857. 
Tviiral Botes anti Items. 
lads anit ^weptions. 
Notable Instance op “Expansion.” —Having 
observed the discussion for some time past in the 
Ritual relative to “Large vs. Small Hogs,” I desire 
to give a little of my experience in tbe matter. I 
confess in the outset that the “dumpy” (as your 
correspondents,are pleased to term it) is the kind 
for me. I purchased a hog of the “ Grass Breed ” 
variety, (by the way, i think it the best breed that 
ever was imported, if it did eorne from “ Yankee- 
doin,) for which I paid a “large price,” as some 
thought. But large as the pricewas.it proved a 
better investment than .81,000 would have been in 
“plank-road stock.” This bog “expanded” to the 
tune of twelve the first litter, twelve the next, and 
sixteen the last, all within one year’s time. Can 
any of “Prince Albert’s best” beat this? I pause 
fur a reply.—J. W, G„ Phelps, N. K, 1867. 
Fall-plowed Lands —A Hint .—There was a 
great deal of fall-plowing done last autumn—more 
than I ever knew of before. But many kept their 
teams going so late that the frostcaught them with 
one most important thing unattended to. Tli it is, 
little or no provision was made for drainage, and 
when this thaw came it laid much of the land under 
water. Now, don't allow it to stand there another 
day, if you can prevent it. The benefit of your 
labor will be lost, and the land left in a worse con¬ 
dition than before, if the water is not drained in¬ 
stead of dried off (by evaporation) in the spring.— 
B., March 18, 1857. 
Early Care ok Lambs. —Shepherds having the 
care of flocks sometimes find it necessary to keep 
the young lambs along a few days w ith a teaspoon, 
especially in case of early twins; but a better sub¬ 
stitute is a small bottle with art India Rubber stop¬ 
ple drawn over the mouth, such as druggists sup¬ 
ply for those mothers whose tender infants lack a 
proper supply ol natural aliment. A bottle tints 
fixed and filled with warm milk, a little diluted, is 
a great and convenient help. I have saved many 
lambs by means of it.—IV. B. P., Praltsburgh, N. Y., 
1857. 
Winter Wheat. — A few words as to growing 
winter wheat. In the spring of 1855,1 manured a 
piece of ground at the rate of twenty-five two- 
borse loads to the acre, the land poor, gravelly 
loam. Sowed it to peas middle of April. Receiv¬ 
ed at the rate of forty bushels to the acre. Sowed 
to wheat, Soule's variety, on the 28th of August, 
and harvested, last season or harvest, as good a 
crop of wheat a? any person can wish for. I would 
recommend sowing early, the latter part of Angust, 
and on dry, tolerably rich land, free of foul stuff.— 
John D. Spencer, Herkimer, TV. V, 1857. 
Get the Best Implements. — Now that the 
Farmer's Spring Campaign is about opening, it 
behooves all to prepare iu season for its active 
and important labors, by providing themselves 
with the best Implements, Seeds, &c,, obtainable. 
Those who have a sufficiency of good implements 
will of course save bulb time nnd money by see¬ 
ing, beforehand, tnat they are in good order and 
ready'for use when wanted — for it is very poor 
economy to neglect such matters until tbe last 
moment, when a bait or whole day's delay in re¬ 
pairing old, or purchasing new tools, would sub¬ 
ject tbe cultivator to both loss and annoyance. In 
many instances it would be the part of wisdom, 
we doubt not, t.o give old, slow aud rickety imple¬ 
ments and machines their time, and substitute new 
ones combining the latest improvements. Good 
implements are justly regarded as among the best 
indications and greatest aids of progressive and 
profitable husbandry, aud they are certainly within 
the reach and menus of most farmers. The cards 
and announcements of reputable dealers and man¬ 
ufacturers, given from time to time in our adver¬ 
tising department, will advise our readers as to 
the recent improvements in tho more important 
tools, implements and machinery,—and also in 
regard to capacity, price, and where and by whom 
sold or manufactured. Among others the adver¬ 
tisements of Messrs. Emery Brothers, It. H. Pease, 
and G. Westingiiouse A Co., in this and late num¬ 
bers of the Rural, are worthy of note,— and we 
presume future issues will contain, like interesting 
announcements from dealers and manfacturers. 
Death ok Ralph Wade. —Among the promi¬ 
nent and useful men who were suddenly killed by 
the awful railroad accident at Hamilton, C. W., 
last week, we observe the name of Ralph Wade, 
Esq., of Port Hope, favorably known to many of 
our readers as a successful stock breeder aud ag¬ 
riculturist, and as an active nnd influential friend 
of Rural Improvement. The decease of Mr. Wade 
will justly be regarded as a public calamity in 
Canada, while it will be deeply regretted by his 
numerous friends and acquaintances in the States. 
Canada can ill spare such men as Evans and 
Wat>e, but we trust their places may be speedily 
and worthily filled. 
-•+.- 
Houses ano Oxen for Farm Laeor. —Tbe 
Trustees of the Massachusetts Society for Promo¬ 
ting Agriculture, have offered a premium of two 
hundred and fifty dollars “for the best practical 
essay on the comparative economy of horses and 
oxen for farming purposes in Massachusetts;—the 
offor of said premium to remain open until the 
first of January, 1858, and the premium not to he 
awarded for any essay which shall not be consid¬ 
ered by tbe Trustees of sufficient practical value 
to be worthy of publication in the Transactions of 
tbe Society.” 
---- 
Product ok Butter from Premium Cow?. —The 
Worcester (Mass.) Agricultural Society awarded its 
first, premium "for tho two best cowb raised by 
the competitor, aud kept with a stock of not less 
than four,” to Joun Brooks, Jr., of Princeton, 
whose cows were live years old, and three-fourths 
Ayrshire blood. It. appears from Mr. Brooks’ 
statement that in June last, flj lbs. of butter was 
made from one of these cows, in a week, and from 
the other, in the same time, 9.} lbs. About tbe 
same quantity per week was obtained from the 
same cows in tho month of September. Mr. 
Brooks', seven years old, hulf Ayrshire, took tho 
first premium in another class. In Jane, 10J H>9. 
of butter per week was made from her, and the 
same quantity, within a fraction, in the same length 
of time in September. No mention is made of any 
other food than pasture feed.— Boston Cult. 
— »< 
Preservation of Manures. — Exact practice 
has clearly settled the following facts, viz:—That 
manures should never bo exposed to the sun and 
air, as in an open barn yard. That they should be 
kept under cover, and the head so arranged with 
a cistern at its lowest cud supplied with a pump, 
that tbe fluid drainage may bo pumped back on 
the heap twice each week or oltener if required, 
to prevent lire-i'unging. That the fluid manures 
should be led from the stables through enclosed 
gutters to the drainage Cistern, and when the heap 
is so dry as not to supply the necessary amount of 
draining to keep it thoroughly wetted, that water 
Bhould be added to make up this deficiency.— 
“That when manure is giving off its odor, the 
owner has a hole in his pocket”— Working Foj mer. 
Cultivation of Chicory and Liquorice. — 
Great quantities of chicory root, ground and pre¬ 
pared lor.use, are now imported Irom Europe.— 
All the Germans in our cities use it iu their coffee, 
and it is said to improve its flavor, while it is at 
least as,healthy, and is much cheaper. It can be 
cultivated in almost every State, and no doubt 
would be a profitable crop. Several gentle uen 
have recently acquainted the Patent Office with 
their success in cultivating the liquorice plant, 
which is hardy os far north as Connecticut. It is 
employed not only for medicinal purposes, but ia 
used in preparing ale aud porter.— Sci. American. 
■ 4 «- 
“St. Lawrence.” —This celebrated stallion was 
purchased last full in St, Louis, by Mr. Leonard 
B (ICELAND of Brighton, near this city, at whose 
residence he is to be kept the ensuing season.— 
Breeders of horses, and others interested, arc re¬ 
ferred to the announcement of Mr. B. in our ad¬ 
vertising department. 
■ Mi 
Are.Bots Injurious to Horses? —Most horse¬ 
men insist that they are not; but we have never 
doubted that they were mistaken. In an essay on 
the horse, for which the first premium was given 
by the Kentucky State Agricultural Society, this 
subject is discussed ably and at length, aud the 
affirmative proved most conclusively.— Ohio 
Farmer. 
■ » » • 
Appearance Indicative ok Character. —The 
appearance of a farm, its buildings, and the live 
stock belonging to it, indicate with surprising ac¬ 
curacy the character and standing of its owner; 
if they look well, well; if bad, bad. A judicious 
traveler won’t miss in summing up his opinion 
once in fifty limes. 
County Ao. Societies. — We subjoin lists of 
Officers, &c., of County Ag. Societies in this State 
for 1857, not heretofore published in Rural: 
Cuautauque. — President — A. S. Moss, Fredonia. 
Sec’y —Lorenzo Morris, Fredonia. Tt'eas .— Geo. 
Hood, Fredonia. 
Chemung. — President —Col. JolmN. Beers, Horse 
Heads. Treas. —Adam L. Staring, Horse Heads. 
Rec. Sec';/ —John F, Dean, Horse Heads, Cor. 
Sec’y —L. H Turner, Horse Heads. 
Chenango.— President —Tsu ic Foote,jr., Smyrna. 
T Ice Presidents —Ira Crane, Bliss Harris, Cyrus 
Hartwell, Geo. Juliand, D. B. Bullock, II, Packer. 
Sec'y and Treas. —Jonathan Wells, Norwich. 
Cortland. — President —A. L. Chamberlain, Ho¬ 
mer. Ser’y — S. E. Kingsley, Homer. Treas. — 
Morgan L. Webb, Curtlamlvitle. Receipts, $1,229- 
97; Expenditures, $711 09. 
Dutchess— President —Daniel B. Haight, Dover 
Plains. Treasurer —Richard T. Cornell, Clinton 
Corners. Secretary — George Sweet, Washington 
Hollow. Receipts, 81,337 54; Disbursements, $1,- 
243 80. 
Franklin,— President —Wm. Andrns, Malone.— 
Sec'y —John K. Seaver, Malone. Treas —It. A. 
Stephens, Malone. Fair to be held Sept. 23,24, 25. 
Montgomery.— President — Andrew J. Yates, 
Glen. Sec'y —R. H. Cushing, Mohawk. Treas. — 
Edward Walter, Palatine. 
Orange.— President —Seeley C. Roe, Chester.— 
Cor. Sec’y —Hamilton Morrison, Montgomery.— 
Rec. Sec’y —John C. McConnell, Goshen. Treas. — 
Win. M. Sayre, Goshen. 
St. Lawrence.— President —David C. Judson, 
Ogdensburgh. V7ce Presidents —Cyprian Powell, 
John E. Perkins. Sec'y —H. G. Foote, Ogdens- 
burgli. Treas. —HbenezerMiner,Canton. Receipts 
of Society, for 1850, $2,959 80; disbursements, $2,- 
678 3G. Fair for 1857, at Canton, Sept. 16-18. An¬ 
nual meeting, in Canton, June 9th, 1857. 
St. Lawrence International Aa. and Mncn. 
Society.— President —A. S. Morse. Sec'y —Ciias. 
Shepard, Ogdensburgh. Treas .— G. W. Seymore, 
Ogdensburgh. Receipts, $5,029; Expenditures, 
$5 084. 
Schuyler— President —J. M. Jackson, A Hay.— 
Treas. —Thoa. Evans, Watkins. Sec'y —Orlando 
Hurd, Watkins. 
Tioga. — President —Louis P. Legg. S*c'y —W. 
Smyth. 1 reus. —Thos. I. Chatfield. Receipts, 
$274; Disbursements, $271 62. 
Warren. — (New Society) — President — Benjamin 
C. Butler, Luzerne. Cor. Sec'y — Cbas. II. Skill- 
man, Luzerne. Rec. Sec'y —Andrew J. Cberritree, 
Luzerne. Treas. —Wm. U. Wells, Luzerne. 
Wyoming.— President —Hugh T. Brooks. Sec’y 
—E, L. Babbitt. Treas. —J. A. MeEltvaine. 
-.+.- 
Agricultural Shows for 1857, State and Pro¬ 
vincial, are already designated ns follows:—New 
York, at Buffalo, Oct. 6th—9th; Ohio, at Cincin¬ 
nati, Sept. 15th—18th; Canada East, at Montreal, 
September 10th—18ih. 
,®{jc flotimj liralist 
“OUT WEST”—PIONEER LIFE. 
Eds. Rural:—O bserving a column of the Rural 
devoted to the “Young Rural ist,” and being a con¬ 
stant reader for three years, I thought that. I would 
give some of my young friends a short sketch of a 
Pioneer’s life in Wisconsin, and, although 1 do not 
profess to be a Tuuulow Weed or a Bayard Tay¬ 
lor, will do as well as my writing powers will 
allow. 
It was in the spring of 1849, that we (I being 11 
years of age) emigrated from the Southern part of 
“ dear old York State” to the portion of Wisconsin 
known aa Fond Du Lae. You are probably well 
aware that at that period, this now well cultivated 
and beautiful country was all a forest and wilder¬ 
ness, the abode of tbe savage, tbe roaming ground 
of the deer, the fierce looking bear, the prowling 
wolf and such v* lid denizen? of tbe forest- 11 living 
settled upon a tract of laud wo “ rolled” up a log 
cabin—cleared a small field, aud improved it little 
by little ns “time and means” would permit, which 
was somewhat tardy, I’ll assure you. Produce bro’t 
little or nothing, as we had no regular market-— 
The farmers generally got discouraged and re¬ 
moved back to the East. Those that remained and 
improved their farms have, the majority of them, 
become wealthy, enterprising and energetic far¬ 
mers. 
But, lol the change, l.et us pause and look at 
those beautiful fields of waving grain—those large 
dwellings and barns, that growing city you see in 
the distance cm yonder prairie. Eight years since 
it was marked by only a few scattered dwellings, 
the abode of traders. Look in an opposite direc¬ 
tion, don't you see those steamers and other ves¬ 
sels plying daily between two youug. but thrifty 
cities. Hear the shrill "neigh of the Iron horse” 
on all sides, north, east, south, and west. What 
has wrought this great change? It \\ps the strong 
and sinewy arm of the sturdy pioneer. It is he 
who has leveled the "tall and mighty oaka” and 
in their stead are cultivated farms—where was 
once the Indian wigwam now stands the elegant 
farm house. We now raise large crops of wheat, 
oats, corn and other produce. Keep large quanti¬ 
ties of stock which are disposed of at a hand¬ 
some price. 
A farmer needs, aud ought to have, as good an 
education as the professional man. I also think 
and believe that an Agricultural College, for the 
sole purpose of educating us " Young Ruralists” 
would be beneficial, so that we could better under¬ 
stand every branch of our occupation. 
What is more delightful and healthy to rise 
with birds aud sun, and go forth into the field and 
follow tho plow, seeing the rich, fertile soil turn 
over. 1 must say, “A farmer’s life is the life for 
me.” A Badger Stripling. 
Fond Du Lac, Win., March 4, 1867. 
-- 
Thanks to our young friends for their numerous 
favors. Wo have now on hand over fifty commu¬ 
nications for “Tbe Young lluralist,” many of 
them very well written. Tho limited space of this 
department, however, will preclude us from insert¬ 
ing many articles which would otherwise appear, 
but we shall endeavor to publish, or give the sub¬ 
stance, of such as are most interesting. 
... 
