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—.. . . . .,..™.... ..,*. . ... —-- 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
MARCH 28. 
Gtom in mutations. 
THE BEST SHEEP FOR PROFIT. 
VU U 111 III U H A A W A a Hb 1 * Friend Moore:— I find an article in a late plants from two to three inch 
__ — Rural, relative to the best breed of sheep for w jU want little more aUenti 
NOTES AND ITEMS.—No. III. profit, over the signature of W. D. Dickinson, in taken up. 
_. which he says;—“ In selecting sheep for fattening, I sowed a small quantity of A 
Eds. Rural;—F ebruary, though a short month, or j n fact for any other purpose, except humbug- spring, on a stiff loam with a 
gives us considerable variety iu the way of meteor- g i ng) ver y oily sheep should be rejected, as they ground was manured with ro 
ological phenomena, including suitable weather w m no t pay the cost of feeding, much of the sub- nur e, and plowed in; it was m 
for work ou the farm in plowing, draining, and stance o) the feed coming out of the pores of the the seeds planted in the drill 
drawing manure, all of which have been going on ; Uj instead of forming fleBh, tallow and wool.” apart. I measured the land £ 
in this neighborhood. Yet busy as I have been, g ucb doctrine looks very reasonable, which per- rods, and I had 62 bushels of tin 
stormy days and winter evenings have sufficed for hapB ia tbe on i y caU se 0 f his putting it forth, but to our County Pair which we 
the study of your paper, aud 1 send you further i( . ; s con t.ravy to my experience and observation.— consider the leaves that were 1 
comments thereon. T have kept Merino Sheep some forty years, aud latter part of summer would ] 
comments thereon. I 
“A Two Story Farm-1 louse,'" [Feb. 7, No. 370] tl 
is a very handsome picture, one, I fear, which has 1< 
few counterparts on the farm. Yet why should we o 
build houses with bo little of architectural ele- tl 
gancc—the real elegance, I mean, for there is d 
plenty of pretension on that score? Give us a o 
“bay-window,” by all means, it is comfort and g 
cozincas in itself. And then, how much better a t 
few large windows than many small ones? A 
“ About Wheat and Chess,'’ there are and ever I 
will be different opinions. For my part, I am no a 
believer in transmutation either of seeds or souls < ~ 
—“like will produce like.” I know that the more e 
pains I take to sow pure wheat, the less chess I find f 
a* harvest It may be that some soils and seasons s 
affect the wheat plant unfavorably, but are favora- f 
ble to the growth of chess. That chess springs 1 
up on new ground where the wheat is killed out, 1 
is no more proof that wheat is transmuted into J 
that grain, than that grass is, springing up under ' 
the same circumstances. i 
“ Razor Breeds vs. Buff oiks makes out a very 
good case for the former, though we cannot call 1 
the feed given either poor or stinted. The true 1 
test of breeds would be to give them the same 1 
treatment, not in isolated instances alone (for ' 
there are generally some pigs in every litter which 1 
fatten more readily than others) but in many and 1 
repeated trials, under varying circumstances. 
“ Farming in the 'Southern Tier l ,,, pays well un¬ 
der the management of Air. Tiffany. If all farm¬ 
ers would do as he has done, “keep a schedule of 
the time, manner and cost of performing most of 
the labor on the farm,” they would be prepared to 
go to work with a better understanding of the 
results likely to follow. Do it, brother farmers, 
commencing with the present spring's work. I 
find it takes but a few minutes each day, and is 
of much use, directly as well as indirectly. 
11 Management of Manure [Feb. 14, No. 371] in 
this aud last number, gives some interesting and 
valuable information on that important subject— 
and, what is more to the point, its recommenda¬ 
tions can readily be put into practice. That is the 
kind of reading which Agricultural papers should 
deal in most largely—that it docs so, is a prime 
reason for the high estimation enjoyed by the 
Rural. 
“ Isolators'’ are discussed at considerable length 
by your Hon. correspondent. It is interesting to 
know how he mauages, though the great majority 
of farmers, like myself, cannot go into all that 
bother to grow an aero or two of the esculent.— 
SUU we can learn something from his story, and 
perhaps did we follow his practice more closely 
would be the gainers, 
“ Barn-yard Manure" is well managed by J. C. R., 
and bis rotation of crops is the same practiced bv 
our most sua assful farmers. I like the spirit lie 
displays, and join with him in the wish thatotbers 
would mount his “two-forty” hobby and run the 
race of Progress in Farming. Hope he will con¬ 
tinue to favor the Rural with details of his expe¬ 
rience. 
“ Hog Cholera'’ is spoken of by one of the wri¬ 
ters on “ Stretches in Sheep,” and a remedy offered. 
I refer to it to give it greater prominence. It is 
simply a tablespoonful of Epsom salts, dissolved 
in a gill of water, to be turned down with a tunnel, 
even when the hog will not eat, breathes hard, and 
seems about dead. In his case it effected a cure. 
In one which I knew of it did not, yet had I an¬ 
other sick hog I should toy it again. 
"Application of Manure ” heads a corner para¬ 
graph, wliioh no farmer should overlook. Too 
little care is taken to mix the fertilizers thor¬ 
oughly with the soil. They are of little use 
without—though it is generally a question of time 
only, as crude manures, properly applied, yield 
their virtues only to the soil and its vegetable 
products. 
“Telegraphic. MeteorologyV [Feb. 21, No. 372] 
opens a magnificent field for scientific, operation 
and research, and one of much importance to the 
country. Lieut. Maury’s articles will tend largely 
to awaken general attention to the subject. 
“ How Drouth Benefits the Soil ” seems explained 
very rationally. Give us all the consolation you 
can in t.he case, for we have specimens of “ Jlow 
drouth injures the crops,” almost every season. 
“ Com vs. Root Crops’’ hardly had a fair trial, I 
fear, with D. F., for others in the same county suc¬ 
ceeded well with both beets and carrots. T dare 
say he has learned lessons from the experiment 
which will materially aid him in future. 
“ Stiff oiks vs. 1 Dumpy ’ Swine ” 3s a pretty good 
rejoinder, and I think I will not “mix in” further 
in the controversy. Give us another touch, Bro. 
Brooks, for “ big animals,” from elephants to 
shanghais, need stirring up occasionally. 
“ Facts and Suggestions ” from practical men on 
matters connected with their calling, are always 
interesting and valuable. Keep open space for 
such, and I dare say your readers will fill it ac¬ 
ceptably. It seems strange to me, however, how 
so many among my acquaintance, well qualified to 
write for your columns, seldom or never take up 
the pen to do so. I must give them another “talk¬ 
ing to” the first opportunity. 
“ The Boy in the Garden ” will yet be the man on 
the farm—the man of Progress on the Alodel Farm. 
Let him try experiments in garden culture, they 
will increase his interest in the work, let him study 
and think for himself, and yet anxiously seek all 
the information he can get from other sources.— 
How ranch “Mother” can do to make a child love 
home, and to form the mind for future usefulness. 
— Glad to hear you are about again, Air. AIoore. 
May God prosper you, prays 
A Constant Reader. 
think I have been a close observer, and I have not 
learned that those of my sheep that were the most 
oily_were any harder to take on flesh or fat, than 
those that are lightly gummed. If there Is any 
difierence 1 think those that have been the most 
oily have been the most luirdy, and when I have 
stall-fed them they have fatted easiest and with 
the least, feed. When I first commenced with the 
Alerinos, I had a small tlock of our native sheep.— 
I put my Alerinos with them; they all fared alike, 
and ruu together some two years before I disposed 
of all my natives. The second summer we had a 
drouth; when my pastures being quite short and 
dry, the sheep became poor, and it was plain to be 
seen that the Alerinos kept in the best condition, 
and those that were the most oily and looked the 
blackest, were the most plump. I took some of 
my neighbors, who were prejudiced against the 
Merinos, into my field to see the difference there 
was, and they acknowledged that the Merinos were 
in much the best condition.. 
Is it not a given point by all who are acquainted 
with the Merinos and Saxonies, that the former 
are much more hardy than the latter, and yet they 
are altogether the most oily, and not only the 
heaviest shearers, but give the most wool accor¬ 
ding to their size; yet 1 have never understood 
that it was beenuse they eat the most food, but the 
with the hoe, thinning them a little; and ns soon 
as they are up sufficiently, I thin them, leaving the 
plants’ from two to three inches apart, and they 
will want little more attention until they are 
taken up. 
I sowed a small quantity of Mangol Wurtzels last 
spring, on a stiff loam with a clay subsoil. The 
ground was manured with rotten barn-yard ma¬ 
nure, and plowed in; it was made into drills and 
the seeds planted in the drill about nine inches 
apart. I measured the land and it contained 16 
rods, and I had 62 bushels of line roots. I took six 
to our County Fair which weighed 65 R*s., and I 
consider the leaves that were taken Off during the 
latter part of summer would pay for hoeing. In 
Eugland and Scotland they do all the labor of 
green crops with the plow and drill harrow, except 
thinning, and I do not see why the same process 
would not answer here. J- c. 
Troy, N. Y., March, 1857. 
-- 
ILLINOIS vs. NEW YORK. 
It is claimed, even now, in high places, that Il¬ 
linois, with its wonderful growth and inexhausti¬ 
ble (?) soil will soon outstrip in wealth and popu¬ 
lation some of her elder and more advantageously 
situated States. Every calculation is based upon 
her unlimited resources for the growing of grain 
—the improbability and almost impossibility of 
developing alltbese resources not being taken into 
the account. Money is doubled by the interest in 
this State In from two to four years, and some 
seem to think that such things will always con¬ 
tinue. Admitting alt that is claimed for Illinois 
to bo trne, it may be well to compare her for a 
moment with New \ r ork. 
New York pays but seven per cent, interest; Il¬ 
linois from ten to twenty-four, and higher. New 
York has siveu to Illinois many noble citizens, 
millions in money and can spare more. Illinois 
cau spare none of either. Illinois may iucrease 
faster than New York in population for a few 
ftotes anil $tnns. goitng pluralist. 
U. S. Ac. Society. —The-Exeeutive Committee 
of this Society held a meeting in Louisville, Ky., 
on Thursday last—Mr. President Wilder in the 
chair. Preliminary arrangements were made for 
the next Exhibition of the Society, which is to be 
held in Louisville, commencing Sept. 1st, and con¬ 
tinuing five days. 
-- 
Great Sale of Improved Stock. —We learn 
that Samuel Thorne, Esq., of Thornedale, Wash¬ 
ington Hollow, N. Y., has recently purchased the 
entire herds of Short-horns belonging to L. G. 
Morris and the estate of N. J. Beoar. This is 
probably the largest cattle, purchase ever made 
in this country, and will give Mr. Thorne when 
added to bis former celebrated stock, the best if 
not the largest herd of Short-horns in the world. 
N. Y. Agricultural College. —A meeting of 
the Trustees of this Institution was held at the 
Agricultural Rooms, Albany, on tho 18th inst.— 
Gov. Kino was re-elected Chairman of the Board 
of Trustees for the ensuing year. The following 
gentlemen were elected additional members of the 
Board:—Rufus K. Dolafield, Esq., New York; E.P. 
Prentice, Esq., Albany; Maj. M. II. Patrick, Saek- 
ett’s Harbor; Alexander Thompson, M. D., Aurora, 
Cayuga county; Arad Joy, Esq.,Ovid, Scncc.i Co.; 
Hon. Addison Gardner, Rochester; Hon. G. W. 
Patterson, Westfield, Chautauquc Co. The Trus¬ 
tees had before them and examined the several 
plans submitted for the College buildings, and it 
is probable that a decision will be made within a 
short time, and the building commenced at au 
early day.__ 
A Bequest to Agriculture.— It is stated that 
Andre AIicii aux, of France, who many years ago 
traveled through this country, devoting considera¬ 
ble attention to the botanical character of our 
nature of the animals I have fatted and butchered years to come, but not so much at tho expense of fore8t trees, and their economical uses (and subse- Wnd gmi , 
vsrtaf n vftliiaMn wnrk rm flip RiiiilPftt .1 — 
NOTES FROM YOUNG FARMERS. 
We have before ns while writing this, fifty arti¬ 
cles, save one, written by the boys for this depart¬ 
ment of the Rural. A curious and interesting 
pile they are, too. Some very pretty specimens of 
penmanship, others written by little boys who have 
only just begun to use tho pen. They are from all 
parts of our country, East and West, North and 
South. Should we give two of these each week, it 
would take six months to publish the whole. We 
have, therefore, concluded to condense them, giv¬ 
ing the ideas they contain in as few words as pos¬ 
sible. 
G. A. E., of Erie Co., Pa, had determined to 
learn a trade, but of late has concluded to be a 
farmer. Finds time to study—although doing as 
much work on a farm as any boy of fifteen — at 
nights, noons, wet days, and in the winter. Urges 
all boys to improve their leisure moments by study, 
and thus prepare themselves to become intelligent 
and successful farmers. 
E. B. N., Skancateles, N. Y., is a boy of fourteen, 
aud gives his experience in breaking steers.— 
When they were a year old, yoked them np for the 
first time in the stable, and drove them around, 
and when Ihey had learned to go together a little, 
let them out into the yard, first putting a rope on 
the near steer, so that be could hold them better. 
After driving them about the yard a short time, 
hitched one end of a pole to the yoke, aud let the 
other end drag on the ground, drove them in this 
way, after which hitched them to a bob-sleigh anil 
drove them on the road. They are now so that he 
can yoke them in the yard, hitch them to the 
sleigh, and draw manure to the field, — which is 
tine fun when there is no school. Go to school 
winters, but worked on the farm last summer, as 
work was driving, aud thinks of doing the same 
this. Began to mow last season, and to rake and 
a good many for my own eating, and for market, 
and I have yet to learn that it costs any more to 
fat those that are very oily than it does those that 
are less so. And I canuot see that there is any 
more humbug about them thau those that have 
less oil, as they will endure the storms of summer 
and fall before they come to their sheds for win¬ 
ter—much the best, and their wool when cleansed 
is found to be the best* as it has not as many dead 
ends to waste away in manufacturing into cloth. 
Again, I have ever found that those who come to 
buy sheep in order t.o inprove their flocks, choose 
those that are the most oily', so that they sell the 
best, even to the best judges. Certainly there is 
no humbug in the case, because they are just what 
they appear to be, and those who purchase them 
will come again, after proving them, to get more 
the latter as in time past. 
In natural and agricultural advantages Illinois 
claims precedence. Her pastures and meadows 
are wider—her corn and wheat fields broader and 
less exhausted. Illinois has an abundance of coal, 
quently published a valuable work on the subject,) 
lias bequeathed to the Atass. Agricultural Society 
the sum of eight thousand dollars, for the purpose 
of promoting Sylviculture (culture of threat trees) 
less exhausted. Illinois has an abundance of coal, and Horticulture, and for making experiments in tJme hig father became intemperate, di 
so has New York, and furnished to every citizen tbe growth of trees in sandy, rocky and bog soils. followedj a . u ] tbe family were obliged to 
at vastly reduced rates from those paid by Illinois. The principal portion of the bequest is to be in- ^ 00t|U try to gain a livelihood. Since 
Philom, of West Bloomfield, N. Y., thought he 
would write for his ow n improvement. Is a poor 
boy, and spent the first seven or eight years of his 
life in Rochester, and bad a happy home. At that 
time his father become intemperate, destitution 
followed, and the family were obliged to leave for 
♦tip (inmitTV to train a livelihood. Since that time 
Illinoishas no iron— New York an abundant supply, vested for increase in good farm lands; auother he has been “ a wanderer on the earth,” working 
Illinois lias no salt—she has but little water power; portion in cheap and productive land, and the rc- for board an(J clotheSi or by th c month. Is deter- 
New York has to spare of each. New York has maindcr is to be appropriated to seeding and ni j ned t0 ma k e a so ber, honest, intelligent man. 
a thousand hills covered with luxuriant forests planting experimental plantations. C A II East Washington, N. IL.thipks farming 
furnishing fuel for her citizens, her engines, and _ A liberal Bequest for a foreigner, and a eng- . g ^ beaU j lftl , aQ(1 p !eas3ut , and that this fact is 
for manufactories. Illinois looks to neighboring gea tive example' for some of our millionaires to ndrnitted by a11 . bnt, to makc.it popular, it must be 
States for all her lumber, and soon must for fuel, f 0 u 0 w and improve upon. There arc many State ’ cntl it can be mado 
he has been “a wanderer on the earth,” working 
for board and clothes, or by the month. Is deter¬ 
mined to make a sober, honest, intelligent man. 
C. A. II., East Washington, N. IL.thipks farming 
is both healthful and pleasaut, and that this fact is 
fence posts, and even broom handles and whip 
stalks. Compare and fix the value of nn acre of 
an acre of Illinois naked prairies, aye exultant! 
such. Their fleeces, to be sure, are heavy, but if against an acre of forests ot New York. 
wo are faithful in washing them they do very well, 
and since all foreign wool is to come free, I think 
we shall not be blamed much, if our fleeces are 
rather oily. Reed Bukritt. 
BurdeH, Schuyler Co., N. Y., 1R57- 
GROWING ONIONS. ? 
- 1 
AIr. Editor:—I have been reading the inquiry f 
of your correspondent, concerning the culture of i 
the Onion, and your remarks, in reply, iu which ■ 
y 0U gjty— u Our Bummers are not long enough to s 
raise fine, large onions from seed.” As the onion ( 
is largely cultivated in this vicinity—many farmers , 
raising from 4 to 10 acres or more—and as we find , 
no trouble in raising good crops from seed, I have 
thought I would give you an account of our mode 
of cultivation, &c., hoping it may be of use to your 
correspondent. The onion requires very rich 
ground and thorough culture, or it will not suc¬ 
ceed. We prepare our ground by thorough plow¬ 
ing and harrowing, finishing with a hand-rake, so 
that the surface may he perfectly smooth and free 
from stones, manure, Ac. We are now ready for 
sowing, which is easily and quickly done by a sim¬ 
ple machine which makes the drills and sows two 
rows at a time as fust as a man can walk. The 
seeds are afterwards covered slightly by pushing 
a hoe lightly over the drills. The quantity of seed 
used is from 3 to 4 pounds per acre. The plants 
will show themselves in from two to three weeks 
after sowing, and then the real labor of cultivation 
begins. The weeds must be kept down by constant 
hoeing and weeding by hand, and i f your correspond¬ 
ent is an old man aud bos no boys, he will repent 
sowing onions. We hire boys from the emigra¬ 
tion office in New York, where we can always find 
as many as we need, and at a cheap rate. We put 
in our seed as early as possible in the spring, and 
have no trouble in ripening and curing the crops 
before the fine weather is over. The average pro¬ 
duct is with as from 150 to 200 barrels per acre, auil 
the average price obtained about $1 60 per barrel. 
They are now worth $3 00 per barrel From this 
you will see that the crops can be made profitable, 
although the expense ol manure and culture is 
very great. E. J. Taylor. 
Southport, Cone., March, 1857. 
Remarks,— We have no doubt good onions can 
be raised in the manner described by our corres¬ 
pondent, upon a warm soil, and in favorable situa¬ 
tions ; indeed, we have raised them in this way 
scores of times. We hope E. J. T. will try the 
plan we recommended, and see if it is not a labor- 
saving method, besides insuring a crop in any 
season, and in almost any situation. 
CARROTS AND MANGEL WURTZELS. 
Eds. Rural:—A correspondent in a late number 
of the Rural speaks rather discouragingly of root 
crops, as food for cattle. I have cultivated carrots 
for the last sixteen years, as food for horses, and 
find they pay the labor at. from 20 to 25 cents per 
bushel, and at that price they are cheaper than 
oats for one feed in the day. They are also excel¬ 
lent food for milch cows. An acre of carrots will 
produce from 400 to 600 bushels, and If attended 
to in time they will not need so much hoeing and 
weeding and thlnninjf as your correspondent, men¬ 
tions. I find the best way to cover carrot seed iu 
the drill, ib to tread them in with the feet, which 
leaves a little rise where the seed is sown. As soon 
as the weeds begin to appear I boe them, observ¬ 
ing not to go too near the drill, and by the time 
they want another hoeing the carrots will be suf¬ 
ficiently up to be seen, when I go a little nearer 
Disparage the rocks of the Empire State as you 
may, they are an element of wealth which the Illi¬ 
nois farmer has to buy with tho product of his soil. 
The estimated value given to real estate iu the two 
States is vastly disproportionate. A building in 
Illinois cosung $5,000 would cost no more than 
$2,500 in New York. The present prices, it can¬ 
not be denied, are vastly remunerative to the 
Sucker State. But the day must come when tho 
farmer of New York will come here for his horses 
and cattle. As prices now arc horses would be 
sold from New York to Illinois at a profit. This, 
occasioned by a home demand by farm openers 
and emigrants, must change in the next half score 
of years, and Illinois, as heretofore, depend upon 
the East for a market. 
The whole subject may be presented in a para¬ 
graph. Illinois will have an over supply of wheat, 
beef, pork, oats, Ac. While she will always have 
to buy lumber, iron, salt, and nearly all manufac- 
follow and improve upon, 'there are many btate 
and other Agricultural Societies which could, 
with aid of similar bequests, institute experiments 
which would redound to the benefit of community. 
A Murrain Approaching,—A correspondent of 
the London Times says that au exceedingly fatal 
epidemic has been for some time ravaging the 
herds of Central Europe, and has now reached 
lvoningsberg, where one proprietor m said to have 
lest three hundred head in a nighL The writer 
says: — In 1745, the same or a like epidemic was 
introduced into England by menus of two calves 
from Holland. Tn the second year after its intro¬ 
duction, over 40,001) cattle died at Nottingham¬ 
shire and Leicestershire, and almost us many more 
in Cheshire. During the third year remuneration 
was given by the government, who had ordered 
the destruction of diseased cattle for no fewer than 
80,000 head, while twice us many more, according 
to the report of one of the Commissioners, died of 
the malady. In the fourth year it was equally 
fatal, nor does it appear to have completely disap- 
shown that by skillful management, it can be mado 
profitable. . In order to do this, farmers must be 
thinking as well as working men—men ol sound 
judgment and general knowledge, — men who 
handle either the pen or the plow, as the occasion 
may require. Ho urges young farmers to beautify 
their homes, improve their land, their stock, their 
fruit and their manners. 
B. D., of Elkland, Pa., wants more agricultural 
books and papers circulated to employ usefully the 
long winter evenings of the farmer’s boys — to 
awaken their ideas to the importance of improv¬ 
ing their time, and storing their minds with know¬ 
ledge relating to their business. The farmers' boj s 
are only taught to work, somewhat like horses, 
they are not taught the why and the wherefore — 
the' philosophy of the thing. Advises the boys to 
ask questions and think, and cultivate their reason. 
Read, and get all that is known on any subject that 
yon undertake to investigate. 
FniLtP 1.. O., Mattituck, L. I., is a small boy, bnt 
bas a small garden of his own. Last summer 
tured articles, New York will have to supply a gress of the infection, and military detachments 
small deficiency in their grain and meat markets are charged to destroy all cattle that become in 
from other States, while she will have lumber, salt fected in Prussia, 
and manufactured articles to dispose of in large 
quantities. Irish and gc0Tcn Agricultural Statistics.— 
We venture the prediction that Illinois can A return published lately, shows that last year 
never be a really more wealthy State than Now there were under crops iu Ireland, the following 
. j Sanfield. quantities of land—namely, 529,303 acres of wheat, 
Illinois 1807. 2,036,181 of oats, 218,503 acres of barley, here, rye, 
beans and peas, 1,103,600 of potatoes, 354,302 of 
turnips, 09,873 of other green crops, 106,286 of flax, 
and 1,303,688 acres of meadow and clover. The 
eereal crops exhibit a decrease between 1855 and 
1866 of 48,517 acres, but on wheat alone there is 
an increase of 83,588 acres. The green crops ex¬ 
hibit an iucrease of 111,435 acres, and the total 
peared till eight years after. On the Continent planted corn,beans, watermelons and cabbage, but 
every exertion is being made to arrest the pro- did not raise a very large crop, as one of the horses 
gress of the infection, and military detachments got in and “played the mischief with it. 1 is 
are charged to destroy all cattle that become in spring is to have a larger garden, and intenrs o 
fected iif Prussia. plant a larger variety of vegetable., as well .. 
-»-*-- make a [lower garden. PniLir invites ns to call 
Irish and Scotch Agricultural Statistics. — and see his garden, and promises ns a line fishing 
$acfs info ^ttpstions. 
Remedy for Loss of Cud. —We have received 
several responses to the inquiry on this subject in 
the Rural of the 14th inst., two of which we sub¬ 
join: 
Eds. Rural: —One of tho simplest and most 
effective remedies for “loss of cud in cattle,” is to 
give a slice of salt pork (fat) 3 inches in length by 
three-fourths of an inch square. It may require 
three slices, given at intervals of hall an hour, but 
among numerous cases, I have not known a single 
failure. In giving the pork raw,you want to force 
it as far down the throat of the animal as possible, 
so as to compel it to swallow. The philosophy of 
the cure I am not prepared to give you at present. 
—II, Fort Wuyne, hid. 
Eds. Rural:— In the last Rural, J. C. wants to 
know what will give cattle a cud after having lost 
it. We had a steer two years ago that would* 
while undertaking to ruminate, raise the cud, and, 
seeming to have a disrelish for it, would spit or 
throw it out of his mouth. In the morning large 
quantities of it would bo found iu the manger, and 
during tho day in the yard wherever he had lain 
down to rest. Ho soon grew quite thin, but was 
cured by giving two or three pieces of salt pork, 
at two or three different times. Tho same remedy 
cured a cow of the garget, and will prevent their 
having it if given occasionally. — Seth Paine, 
South Granby, A Y., March, 1857. 
PixKPAiirNG Clover Seed for Sowing,—I would 
like to a«k through your columns if any of yonr 
correspondents or subscribers have tried the plan 
suggested by you last year, of soaking and rolling 
clover seed previous to sowing? If they have not 
done so, I would advise them to try it this year— 
excursion. 
A. H., Lcodsville, N. Y'., finds the Rural very 
attractive, and wishes all boys had the privilege of 
reading it, and then he thinks they would take 
more interest in what is being douo on their la¬ 
thers' farms. Is quite a boy, yet h;t3 observed some 
things. A farmer in liis neighborhood went on u 
farm, and let all the fences go to ruin instead of 
fixing them. He plowed his land and cultivated 
until nothing would grow, and produce a deceut 
crop. Weeds and thistles soon might be seen 
net increase in the extent of land under crops is amon g the poor crops, and in the corners of the 
04,845 acrcsc The quantity of live stock in Ireland 
last year, was as follows, viz:—573,266 horses, 8,6*5,- 
723 cattle, 3,688,113 sheep, and 915,933pigs. There 
is an increase under every head exceptpigB, which 
have decreased materially. The total value of 
the live stock in 1S56 is estimated at £33,088,701, 
being an increase of £4,553,902 as compared with 
1852. The horBes are valued at £8 each, cattle at 
£6 5s., sheep ut £1 2s., and pigs at £1 5s. each. 
Tho report on Scottish agricultural sUilUtics, 
just out, shows that, in 1856 the total area of land 
under crops was 3,646,191 acres, being an increase 
of about 15,000 acres over the year 1855. 1,401,- 
232J acres were under cereal crops (262,328 wheat,) 
149,351 uuder potatoes, 460,131 under turnips, and 
29,795 acres under other green crops; 2,7234 under 
flax, and 1,475,775 tinder grass and hay. The area 
fences. The cattle got in, in consequence of the 
bad fences, and the large boys had to leave their 
work, or tho small ones be kept out of school to 
watch the cattle. Then the buildings seemed to 
grow old very fast, and nothing seemed to be 
right — nothing pleasant. The large boys that 
lived on this place didn’t like farming, and wanted 
to go to the city to learn a trade, bnt their father 
couldn't spare them. A. H. thinks, truly, it was 
no wonder they didn’t love fariulug. It must ho 
a very foolish hoy who would be pleased with such 
farming. Tt is worse than the tooth ache. 
Cuari.es, W. R, Enfield Centre, N. Y"., is a phy¬ 
sician’s son, bnt lives on a small farm, near a vil¬ 
lage. Is not large enough to plow or mow, but 
takes care of the horses, and looks to tho cattle. — 
His father gave him a calf, aud he took the entire 
of Ireland is 20,811,774 statute acres, and that of 0 i, avg0 0 f it, until it became a cow, when he sold 
Scotland nearly the same, or 20,047,462 acres, but 
the former country has6,753,G71 acres under crops, 
and the latter only 3,645,191 acres. In Scotland 
iho live stock last year consisted of 1TI»,H04 horses, 
967,311 cattle, 6,822,476 sheep, and 126,944 pigs, 
there being an increase of horses aud sheep, and 
a decrease of cattlo and pigs. The entire number 
of occupants of those farms iu Scotland which 
contained the crops and stock above given was 
only 42,913, whereas in Ireland, the number of oc¬ 
cupants and holders from which the statistics are 
collected, is upwards of 600,000; and the returns 
include the crops and stock of every occupier and 
stockholder of Ireland. The number of Scotch 
occupants whose acreage and Htoek were omitted 
for, by my own experience, I am fully convinced from tho last returns is said to have been 42,229 iu 
of the great benefits to be derived from it, by giv¬ 
ing the plant a stronger growth and thus enabling 
it to staud the long continued drouths to which 
our climate is subject. If auy will heed by insert¬ 
ing the above, please do so and oblige—E. L. Y r ., 
Bur/ord, C . TV., March, 1857. 
1S64—having then among then 29,008 horses, 129,- 
469 cattle, 149,432 sheep, and 26,399 pigB. It would 
accordingly appear that the entire number of land 
and stockholders is 600,000 in Ireland, and 85,148 
iu Scotland. The importance of destroying weeds 
in Ireland is again adverted to. 
her for " quite a sum of money.” Hauls a garden, 
and raises such things as he can Bell, mostly pota¬ 
toes. Hoes a row or two every morning before 
going to school. Next spring intends to start a 
young nursery of trees; and believes the words of 
the poet true. 
“ Why Is our looil so very sweet f 
Because we earn before we eat. 
Why are our wants so very few ? 
Because we nature's cMIk pumie. 
Whence our complacency of rulnd * 
Because wo act our parts assigned.” 
\Y. B., of Lockport, N. Y., considers the occupa¬ 
tion of the funner a beautiful and delightful one. 
Is a farmer’s sou, brought np under the old rule to 
“ earn bread by the sweat of the brow,” and is im¬ 
proving the long winter evenings to store bis 
mind with useful knowledge. 
J. H. P., Coventry, Is a merchant’s son, bnt has 
read the Rural for two years, and is hound to be 
a fanner. His father is willing that he should 
Bludy this profession. 
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