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MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER 
APRIL 25 
undertake to decide without further experiments, 
as I treated all 1 had the same way, whereas if I 
had only done this to a portion, I would have been 
able compare those thus treated with those not; 
but certain it was, they were ripe earlier than in 
any previous season. J. Knowlson. 
Cavansville, C. W-, 1857. 
WHAT FRUIT SHOULD I PLANT? 
STRAWBERRY OR HUSK TOMATO 
Eds. Rural: —As you invite your readers to 
contribute to the Rural any useful information, 
I.thought I would say something about a plant 
which I have not seen noticed in any of the pa¬ 
pers. I allude to the Strawberry or Ilusk Tomato, 
which I think iB worthy of a place in every garden. 
The first I raised grew from seed from the Patent 
Office last year, and they were pronounced a very 
fine fruit bj- all to whom I gave an opportunity to 
try them. The plant grows about eight or ten 
inches high, throwing out long trailing branches, 
upon which the fruit is borne in almndance. The 
fruit grows inside of a thin husk, is about the size 
and shape of a cherry, orange colored, and pos¬ 
sesses something of the flavor of the strawberry, 
and keeps very easily through the winter, fresh as 
when picked, notwithstanding exposuie to frost 
They are very fine to eat when ripe, being sweet 
and pleasant, and are delicious preserved as straw¬ 
berries or other fruit, and sealed from the air. I 
have fonnd them of easy culture, only requiring 
a start in the hot bed, and great bearers. They 
are also quite ornamental. I enclose some seed 
that you may have a chance to see for yourself 
whether my words are true. h. h. 
Ct'irk's Mills, March, 1857. 
Remarks.— We have tastod this fruit on one or 
two occasions, ft is sweet and rather pleasant, 
but not high flavored. Indeed, if we remember 
correctly, tve thought it at the time rather insipid, 
as it was entirely destitute of acid. We will try it 
again. 
It was nearly a century after a printing press 
had been set up in New England before one could 
be tolerated in Virginia. 
The .Southern colonists had no printing done 
among them until 1727. 
There was a printing jfress at 
New London, in Connecticut, in ....1709 
Annapolis, in Maryland. 1728 
Wiliiiunaburgh, in Virginia_1729 
Charleston, in Sooth Carolina_1730 
Newport, in Rhode Island. 1732 
Woodbrjilge, in New Jersey.. 1752 
Newbern, in North Carolina_ ..1755 
Portsmouth, in New Hampshire. 1756 
Savannah, io Georgia_1762 
The first painting press established intheNorth- 
west Territory was worked by William Maxwell, at 
Cincinnati, in 1793. The first printiag executed 
west of the Mississippi, was done at St. Louis, in 
1S08, by Jacob Hinkle. 
There had been A printing press in Kentucky in 
1780, and there was one in Tennessee in 1793—in 
Michigan in 1809 -in Mississippi in 1810. Louis¬ 
iana had a press immediately after her possession 
by the United States. 
Printing was done in Canada before the separa¬ 
tion of the American Colonies from the mother, 
country. Halifax had a press in 1751, and Quebec 
boasted of a printing office in 17Gb —Newspaper 
Record. 
A WELL-GROWN DWARF PEAR TREE 
1. Get varieties that succeed on the Quince, and 
that have been worked on proper stocks. 
2. Plant them on a good substantial soil, and if 
the subsoil is a stiff clay, it should be drained. 
3. Keep the ground well cultivated, and all 
weeds and gross destroyed. 
4. Give a thorough pruning every spring, and a 
heavy coat of manure at least every fall, placing it 
around the tree, and in the spring forking it. in.— 
After forking it in, it would he better to place a 
new coat on the surface of the ground. 
5. Plant tho trees so deep that the point where 
they are grafted will be three inches below the 
surface. This, though perhaps not a vital matter, 
is altogether the best method. 
Every farmer, and indeed, every one can tell 
whether he is prepared to conform to these condi¬ 
tions. If not, he should not plant dwarf trees, for 
it is worse than useless to plant them in a careless 
manner, and let them die of neglect, as it not only 
annoys the planter and wastes his money, hut gets 
np a “mud dog” cry against dwarf trees. A few 
years since a gentleman of our acquaintance who 
had occasion to visit a certain place, called on us 
and inquired if there were any farms or gardens 
in that section worth visiting. We gave him the 
name of a gentleman prominent in the agricultural 
world, and not unknown to agricultural literature. 
Some time after, on inquiring if he had visited 
this{flace, we were informed tbathe passed through 
the young orchard, but the weeds were about as 
high as the trees. Tho owner of this crop of 
weeds is now writing against dwarf pears, and 
calling them humbugs. Dwarf pear trees will not 
prosper with such treatment as most of our or¬ 
chards get, and therefore we do not advise fanners 
to plant them; in fact, we advise none to plant 
dwarfs unless they cau conform to the conditions 
we have mentioned. Lint we do say that he who 
has a suitable soil and the right sorts, and com¬ 
plains that his dwarf trees will not grow and bear, 
proclaims and publishes his own ignorance or 
negligence as completely as the farmer who should 
complain that he could not keep his land in good 
condition, his fences from falling down, or his cat¬ 
tle from becoming poor and lousy. 
land twice over before the standard would bear a 
pear. We will now answer a question received, as 
to the best six varieties for a village garden in 
Western New York: 
$/ori«tar</s—Bartlett, Seckel. Dwarfs -Bloodgood, Lou- 
iRS Bonne 'U 1 ■ Jersey, White Doyenne, Duchesse de An- 
gouleme. 
We are compelled to close this subject, but will 
resume it again in the next number, and before 
doing so give an outline of one of the very best 
varieties of pears grown,—the Louise Bonne de 
Jersey,—as well as an engraving of a well pruned 
dwarf Pe ir Tree. When such beautiful trees and 
sncli delicious fruit are grown, as they are here, 
and iu many other places, it will take a good deal 
of paper and ink to write them down &3 humbugs. 
Pear Trees in Illinois. —Pear trees do not 
live long in Southern Illinois. Tn many places by 
the time they are good bearers they die. In a large 
section of this' country, directly under the soil, is 
a hard clay, and as the pear sends its roots into 
this clay they become decayed, the worms work 
up the tree, and kill it. By placing a large fl it 
stone under the trees when they are set out, th 
roots are turned into the soil, and they do not die; 
but flourish well.—H. L. G., Mt. Vernon, III. 
Peas. —I seDd you a sample of Peas which I 
have cultivated for seven years underthe name of 
Green Marrowfat. I have never seen a description 
of this Pea. Can you tell me the true name?— 
The vines grow from four to five feet in height, 
and in favorable seasons will blossom till frost 
comes. Pods contain from three to five peas. The 
sample which Isend was well ripened, but yet they 
are more than one-balf of a pale green color._ 
They are withal the sweetest and best I have ever 
cultivated. —J. F. Lester, Marengo, III., 1857. 
Remarks. —Yonr peas, we think, are the Dwarf 
Blue Imperial. We will plant those received by 
THE QUINCE 
Eds. Rural: — In a recent number I notice 
the Quince is under consideration. Touching its 
nature, its growth and cultivation, I thought, I 
would drop a word or two, relating to my expe¬ 
rience with it, (though feeling inadequate to appear 
in, or as a public instructor.) 
The experience that I have had with the quinco 
and its cultivation, is: First, tho nature of the 
shrub, and whether it could be brought from its 
bushy state iuto a single stem or body of a tree._ 
This I found could be done and form a nice tree. 
Second, What kind of soil is most adapted to its 
growth. My bind is a gravily loam, first rate, or 
well adapted to most kinds of Northern fruit. I 
had some three kinds of the quince, or they ap¬ 
peared so many kinds, and stood in several differ¬ 
ent places. Some of them appeared to do better 
than the rest. This increased a desire to follow tip 
the cause and its effect, and I Ihen set out a trash 
(as we call them) some two rods from my kitchen 
door and a 1 ittle on one side of where all the waste 
water is poured from the kitchen. It grew very 
fast and is now a fine tree, (liue No. 2 in the Ru¬ 
ral,) and bcais very large lmit, far above the rest 
of my trees that are cared for all alike. There 
seems to be in my last setting out something con¬ 
genial to the growth of the quince. I wish some 
of the farmers would try the above stated 
mode of growing the quince, and give 
the results of their experience. 
The currant can be brought to form a 
tree also, and not sprout oat at the bot¬ 
tom. I have some in bearing, and that 
have not sprouted at the bottom though 
some three years old. A Farmer. 
Shelby, N. Y., 1S57. 
A Powerful Fertilizer.— Will you, or some of 
yonr correspondents, inform us through the Rural, 
whether chamber lye has any fertilizing qualities, 
and if it is good for trees?—A Subscriber, Hmi- 
chester, Mass., 1857. 
Remarks, —It is a most powerful fertilizer, so 
much so, as to make its free or careless use dan¬ 
gerous to trees and plants. It is well to compost 
it with dry muck, or charcoal dust, for a short 
time, otherwise it must be diluted with water be¬ 
fore applying. 
CAKES AND GINGERBREAD 
Eds. Rural:—A s I have seen a great number of 
recipes in yonr paper, and found many of them 
excellent, I thought perhaps I could send a few 
that would be of some use to those who read the 
Rural: 
Sponge Cake.—T he yolks of 3 eggs, ? cup but¬ 
ter, 1 enp sugar, 2 cups flour, 1 teaspoonful cream 
of tartar, £ teaspoonful soda, £ teacup sweet, milk. 
Silver Cake.—T he whites of 8 eggs, £ cup but¬ 
ter, 1 cup white sugar, 2 cups flour, 1 teaspooufal 
cream of tartar, £ teaspoonful soda, £ teacup sweet 
milk. 
Gold Cake.—T he yolk of 8 eggs, j cup of but¬ 
ter, 1 cup of brown sugar, 2 cups of flour, 1 tea- 
spoonful cream of tartar, £ teaspoonful of soda, 
£ teacup sweet milk. 
Soft Cake.—I teaenp sugar, piece of butter the 
size of an egg, 1 teacup buttermilk, 3 eggs, 1 tea¬ 
spoonful soda, flour enough to make a good batter. 
Son* Gingerbread— 1 teaspoonful of soda, 1 
teaspoonful ginger, 4 tablespoonfuls of hot water, 
a piece of butter the size of an egg; put all in a 
teacup and fill up with molasses. 
Fried Cakes.— 1 teacup sugar, 1 egg, 3£ teacups 
of buttermilk, 2 teaspoonfuls soda, nearly a teaenp 
of shortening, salt to your taste; make quite soft. 
Hardscrabble, March, 1857. Emma. 
Curious Barometer.— The Mobile Register says: 
—“On board the Mexican steamer is a barometer 
of the most simple construction but the greatest 
accuracy. It consists only of a long strip of cedar, 
very thin, about two and a half feet in length, 
about an inch wide, cut with the grain, and 9 et in 
block or foot. This cedar strip is backed or lined 
with one of white pine, cut across the grain, and 
the two are tightly glued together. To bend these 
when dry is to snap them, bnt on the approach of 
bad weather the cedar curls over until the top at 
times touches the ground. This simple instrument 
is the invention of a Mexican guitar-maker, and 
such is its accuracy that it will indicate the com¬ 
ing on of a “norther” full twenty-four hours be¬ 
fore any other kind of barometer known on the 
coast. Hail this been the production of Yankee 
ingenuity it had been patented long ago, and a 
fortune made by the inveutor.” 
LIMA BEANS. 
I have cultivated the Lima Bean here 
to some extent for the last fonr years, 
and find them to succeed well. They 
have ripened every year. My garden 
soil is a warm, sandy loam, and the only 
compost I use for the Lima is a mixture 
of well rotted stable mautire and wood 
ashes. If the ashes have not parted with 
any of their alkaline qualities 1 mix them 
in the proportion of about one-fourth 
ashes to three-fourths stable manure, and 
P . if leached ashes are used, one-half of the 
|k latter. I find these beans very prolific, 
and as to flavor, to my taste, I have met. 
\tllk* n0 °^ er at t0 compared to 
them — indeed, as I have heard it ex- 
pressed, “not worthy to be named ou the 
a ft «no day with them.” When cooked, 
either in ,heJr g«en or ripe, dry state, 
( ( \\■they are a delicious and nutritious veg¬ 
etable, and It often surprises me to find 
that they are not more generally kno^n 
and cultivated iu Canada. 
I plant from the 20th to the end of 
May, finding it not generally safe to 
plant earlier, although there maybe sea¬ 
sons iu which they might escape late 
spring frosts if planted a week or two 
sooner. 1 last season planted some that 
were three or four years old, and they 
germinated equally as well as those ripeu- 
ed the previous year. The poles 1 use 
are six or seven feet long aud l pinch off 
the tops of the vines when the they reach 
tops of the poles. 
Last year I pinched the ends of all the lateral 
shoots, which were only calculated to produce ad¬ 
ditional leaves, and whether this assisted in bring¬ 
ing the beans earlier to perfection or not I cannot 
lived aud useless. For Borne years there was a 
good deal of confusion on tho variety of stock used 
by the French in dwarfing their trees, anillmport- 
ed into this country by our nurserymen. Many 
trees have been worked on the common stock and 
sent out. The varieties known as tho Angers and 
the Orleans Quince, are free growing varieties, and 
the only kinds that should be used for stocks. 
Dwarf trees require proper soil anil culture. A 
good strong, deep soil, with a well drained subsoil 
is necessary for their perfection. Liberal manur¬ 
ing and close annual pruning is also essential, and 
the trees should he made to branch near the 
ground, aud assume the pyramidal form. On this 
subject, we will give another article in a lew weeks 
When* grown on only a moderately fertile soil' 
without manure and with moderate pruning, wc 
have fouml most varieties, and the Louise Bonne 
de Jersey perhaps more than any other variety, so 
much disposed to bear fruit that but little wood is 
formed, and in a few years the trees assume a 
scrubby appearance. This we have found partic¬ 
ularly the case on light, sandy soils, aud only to be 
overcome by the most libetal use of manure, and 
thorough pruning. 
To sum up the whole question, we give the fol¬ 
lowing as the only conditions on which dwarf 
trees cun be successfully crown: 
A New Plow. — We were shown by Mr. A. 
Churchill of Rockford, a model of a new plow — a 
double plow—intended to enable the plowman to 
work on one side of the field, turning the farrows 
all the same way, thus obviating the necessity of 
“dead furrows.” It may be used as a side hill 
plow. The novelty cousists in the revolving beam. 
It is so arranged that by a spring, under the con¬ 
trol of the plowman, the beam of the plow turns 
around with the team, the standard being its up¬ 
right axle, while the plow remains stationary in 
the furrow. If you place the irons of two plows 
together, the points in opposite directions you 
have an idea of its shape.— Prairie harmer. 
Omelette.— Beat six eggs, add a little minced 
boiled bam or other meat, or if preferred, a little 
chopped parsley and onion, with salt, pepper and 
two ounces of butter. Turn it into a greased fry¬ 
ing pan over a slow tire, or over boiling water, aud 
stir till It begins to set. When brown on the under 
side, it is done; then lay a flat plate over the top, 
and turn your pan upside down. It should be cook 
ed slightly, and eaten quickly. 
Dropped Eggs are probably the most healthful 
form in which they can he prepared for the table. 
Break the eggs very carefully into a pan of scald¬ 
ing water, and let the water come gradually to a 
boil, removing the eggs with a skimmer assoonas 
the white is set. Serve on a hot platter with a 
little salt, pepper and butter, or lay the eggs on 
hot buttered toast. For invalids, use cream in¬ 
stead of butter. 
River water contains about twenty-eight grains 
of solid matter to every cubic foot. Hence such 
a river as the Rhino carries to tho sea every day 
145,980 cubic feet of sand or stone. 
With a view to collect their webs for silk, four 
thousand spiders were once obtained, but they soon 
killed each other. Manufactures and war never 
thrive together. 
Two thousand nine hundred silk-worms pro¬ 
duce one pound of silk; but it would require 27,- 
0S0 spiders, all females, to produce one pound of 
web. 
LOUISE BONNE DK JERSEY PEAR. 
It may be asked, then, what advantage iu plant¬ 
ing dwarf trees over standards to compensate for 
the extra care? We answer, early limiting—enough 
fruit to pay for the tree, trouble, and use of the 
To Clean Kid Gloves. —Wash them in a mix¬ 
ture of equal quantities of ammonia and alcohol. 
Then rub them dry. 
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