ftcfiai'l) aim (fctmt. 
THE FLOWER GARDEN.-No. VII. 
Every Flower Garden should contain a few of 
the best perennials. They are permanent and 
heantiful ornament?, and when once planted are 
no more trouble than hardy shrubs. We have 
only room to name a few, but conld not close our 
series of articles on the Flower Garden without 
calling attention to this useful and beautifnl class 
of flowers. Many of theta are old favorites. 
The Pink. —Belonging to this family we have 
certainly some of the most heantiful flowers that 
adorn the garden. The common Garden Pink is 
desirable both for its beuuty and its fragrance.— 
The Carnation is the head of the family, both for 
size and beauty, hut unfortunately, docs not seem 
well adapted to our climate. It requires some 
protection in the winter, and we seldom see a good 
specimen here. The Picotee is hardier, and suc¬ 
ceeds better, and though we have few that would 
come up to the English florists’ standard, we have 
a great variety of very pretty flowers, which can 
he obtained at. almost any nursery or garden where 
plants are kept for sale. These flowers require a 
rich soil. Manure from the hen-house is the best 
stimulant that can be used. The China Pink is a 
biennial, though blossoming the first year; the 
flowers arc much more numerous the second. It 
is of a dwarf habit, and the flowers are very rich, 
though without fragrance, and keep in bloom a 
long time. 
SWEET WII.I.XAM. 
The Sweet William also belongs to the Pink fami- 
THE NEW ROCHELLE BLACKBERRY. 
I observe in several of the agricultural papers 
an advertisement, by Wm. Lawton, stating, in 
italic, that what he calls the “ Lawton Blackberry,” 
is a “new and entirely distinct variety ” from the New 
Rochelle Blackberry. 1 observe also, in the pub¬ 
lished proceedings of the American Pumological 
Society, at its late Rochester session, the following 
words:—‘Mr. Lawton said he would state the 
facts of the case. The fruit did not exist in New 
Rochelle, nor never did. It was not discovered 
there, or in the vicinity. The variety which had 
been sold as New Rochelle was worthless. He had 
introduced the fruit in question into his garden, 
gave many of the plants to lm friends, and exhib¬ 
ited the fruit before the Farmers’ Club of New 
York, by whom it was named Lawton.” 
I find on referring to the published proceedings 
of the New York Farmers’ Club, held at their 
rooms, No. 251 Broadway, in New York, Aug. 2d, 
1855,” the following statement:—"A splendid spec¬ 
imen of the Blackberry was presented to the So¬ 
ciety by Wm. Lawton, of New Rorhelle. Many of 
the berries were from three to four incites in cir¬ 
cumference, and a large basket of them were par¬ 
taken of by members of the Club.” The following 
paper was read by Mr. Lawton: —‘‘This black¬ 
berry—to which I have before called the attention 
of the Club—has been cultivated in small quanti¬ 
ties, for several years, in New Rochelle, Westches¬ 
ter county, where I now reside. I have not been 
able to ascertain who first discovered the plant, 
and brought it into garden culture. I beg leave 
to introduce it to the notice of the Club, as the 
‘New Rochelle Blackberry.’” [The rest of the 
paper was chiefly occupied with a description of 
it.] The Club, after feasting on the “few quarts” 
which were presented, by way of thanks or com¬ 
pliment, named it the Lawton Blackberry, al¬ 
though it had been cultivated at New Rochelle by 
Lewis A. Sbacor, as early as 1834, and several 
years before its introduction to t,be Club, had been 
procured and extensively cultivated by Geo. Sey¬ 
mour <i Co., of Connecticut. It has been Largely 
disseminated by the latter, who have the most, ex¬ 
tensive plantation of this ini it in the world; and 
itwas their grounds which were visited by Charles 
Downing, P. Barry, and other emiuent horticul¬ 
turists, whose statements did more than all else to 
bring this variety into notice. 
Now, T wish to ask Pomologists, how they can 
reconcile the statements which have been quoted, 
made by tbe same man at different times, that this 
was first known and cultivated at New Rochelle, 
and by him introduced as the “New Rochelle 
It is an old favorite, and florists have given Blackberry” to the New York Farmers’ Club, and 
some attention to it during the last few years, pro¬ 
ducing many beautiful varieties. 
The Snap-Dragon. — {Antirrhinums.) — These 
are very pretty flowers, of all colors, from pure 
white to crimson. 
The Daisy is a beautiful low, hardy, border 
flower, very fine for edging flower beds. 
The Aconite, or Wolfsbane, exhibit almost in¬ 
numerable varieties. 
Tiie Hollyhock is an old, common and gene¬ 
rally neglected and despised flower; and yet there 
is none more beautiful in the hands of the skillful 
gardener. Tfow appropriate on the edge of a lawn, 
to aid the shrubbery in hiding the bouudary fence, 
or on the border of the flower garden, to screen 
Borne out-building. A great improvement has of 
late been made in this flower, and they are now to 
be seen almost as perfect and beautiful as the rose, 
and of every shade of color, from pure white to a 
glossy black. Every one should get a few roots of 
fine varieties, bnt where these cannot be obtained, 
then afterwards, w en he had a large quantity of 
the plants to dispose of, asserting before the 
American Pomological Society, and in repeated ad¬ 
vertisements, that “this fruit did not exist at New 
Rochelle and never did—was not discovered there 
nor in the vicinity — and that the New Rochelle 
was worthless.” ! ! ! 
I have no comments to make on such statements 
— readers’will be at no loss to draw their own 
conclusions—but! ask Pomologists if they do right 
in retaining and using a name, chiefly used be¬ 
cause it BY repeatedly and strenuously claimed by 
the modest individual who withes tlina to honor 
himself, and to bring the nomenclature of so pure 
a science as Pomology, to the business of assisting 
tho sale of his plants, and of endorsing such vera¬ 
city as the above? Yindex. 
-- 
PLAN TUNG TREES—USE AND BEAUTY. 
Ei>8. Rural: —As there is much said on the sub¬ 
3np m atfo 
Sage, Saffron and Rhubarr. —Will you please 
inform me through your columns the manner of 
raising Sage, Saffron, Rhubarb, and preparing it 
for market, price, Ac., Ac., and mach oblige a— 
Subscriber?— Cambria, April, 1857. 
Remarks. —The cultivation of Sage is very sim¬ 
ple. The seed should be sown in the spring in a 
warm and sheltered position, and if sown very 
thin the plants may remain one season in the seed 
bed, or may be carefully removed to where they 
are to mature. It is ent, for drying just as the 
blossoms are ahont to open. Dried sage retails 
for about 50 cents per pound. 
Safron we think is not cultivated to any extent 
in this country. It belongs to the Crocus family, 
and is a very beautiful plant. In Europe, where it 
is extensively cultivated, the bulbs are planted in 
May, -about three inches apart and four inches 
deep, and the ground hoed several times. In Sep¬ 
tember the flowers appear, and are gathered every 
dry day and carried into houses or sheds, where 
the stamens and pistils arc picked out,—this being 
the only valuable part of the flower. When dried 
it is tit for market. Saffron retails here for $1 50 
per pound. 
Rhubarb is cultivated by all market gardeners, 
and by almost all families who grow their own 
vegetables. We do not know that it has been 
grown to any extent for the root. On referring to 
Buist’b Kitchen Gardener, to see if the author had 
any experience in growing or preparing the root 
for market, we find the following on the suhject:— 
“Its cultivation may be pursued to any extent for 
its root for medicinal purposes. In anch a case, 
the species Lmdulalum and Palmatum should he 
planted two by four feet apart They should not 
be robbed of their leaves at any period of their 
growth. After the root3 have been seven years 
under culture, they are then ready to be lifted.— 
After being washed thoroughly and deprived of 
their small fibres, cut, the strong roots into pieces 
about two inches long, and these pieces lengthwise. 
Thread them on cords and hang them up to dry. 
These cords should be turned upside down every 
day for a week, to prevent the juice settling in any 
one part of the root. They should not be laid on 
boards to dry, for the board will absorb a portion 
of the juice, depriving the roots of so much of 
their strength. We doubt not but it may thus be 
dried as perfectly in this country as in any of those 
where it is cultivated for export.” 
Dwarf Apples and Cherries. —Being much 
interested in your article on Dwarf Pears, I would 
like some information about Dwarf Apples and 
Cherries. Are they as beautiful and valuable as 
Pears? If they are, I should like to know how to 
cultivate them, and all other needed information.— 
S. R., Erie Co., N. Y. 
experienced) is about the first of June. Cutaround 
the tree so as to remove as much earth, bog, or 
whatever it may be, as will adhere to the roots.— 
Set about as deep as before. If the soil is in good 
or common condition, further pains, I think, al¬ 
most or quite unnecessary. I have never lost, any 
treated in this manner. A neighbor of mine has 
followed setting pines more or less for many years, 
realizing much profit therefrom, and always treats 
them as above, and will set them at no other time. 
—M. L., Dutchess Co., N. Y., 1857. 
Cultivation of Cabbage, —Being desirous of 
engaging in the cultivation of the Cabbage quite 
extensively, with a view to marketing, will you, or 
some of your readers, enlighten me with regard to 
the best and surest kind? Also, what application 
should be made to them to ensure a rapid growth 
and preserve them from the ravages of bugs, Ac., 
while they are small? Also, where I can obtain a 
quantity of good, reliable' seed?—H. S. Cleveland, 
Cambridge, Henry Co., III. 
Remarks. — The best varieties of early cabbage 
are the Early York and the Winningstadt, the lat¬ 
ter a fine, new variety, with a sugar-loaf shaped 
head, and solid, The Flat Dutch or Drumhead is 
the best winter cabbage, large, spreading and flat 
on the top. The cabbage requires a rich, deep 
soil, and it is alt the better for being rather heavy 
and moist. In dry weather the soil should be fre¬ 
quently stirred. Dusting the plants with ashes or 
plaster will help to keep off insects, bnt keep¬ 
ing up a vigorous, rapid growth is the best remedy 
we know of. The seed should be sown in a warm, 
sheltered spot, and transplanted from the seed¬ 
bed into the field, in rows about three feet apart, 
and the plants two feet apart in the rows, on a 
moist day. If it is done in dry weather, the plants 
should be watered every evening until they show 
no signs of drooping dnring the day. The seed of 
the Early York and Drumhead varieties can be 
obtained at all the stores where vegetable seeds 
are sold. 
‘QUERY ABOUT ORCHARD GRASS.” 
seed may be sown in June or Jnly, and if the plants ject of planting trees, I would like, with your 
come up too thick a portion may be transplouted 
in August. It flowers the second and third year, 
and then dies, unless the roots are divided. In 
bloom during July and August. 
-- 
THE VEGETABLE GARDEN. 
Spinach. —In spring and summer, before Early 
cabbage are fit for nse, there is a great demand 
for what is commonly known as “greens." The 
term is not very definite, and dock leaves, dande¬ 
lions, and a variety of other weeds are cooked by 
the housewife under this name. We always had a 
great dislike to this kind of wild diet, finding it 
impossible to forget tho poisoning cases occa¬ 
sionally recorded in tho papers. The Spinach is 
a too much neglected plant, in which we can feel 
perfect confidence, and one which with a little 
care will supply abundance of excellent “greens," 
until early cabbage is fit for nse. Though not af¬ 
fording ranch nourishment, it is of a cooling 
nature, and in large quantities is rather laxative. 
Spinach seed should be sown early in the spring, 
in drills, and the richer tho soil the better. When 
the plants are up thin them out so that they will 
stand from one to two inches apart. Keep them 
well hoed, and if convenient, water with liquid 
manure. As soon ns the plants are largo enough 
for nse, with leaves an inch broad, keep thinning 
out as yon may have occasion, so as to leave tho 
plants, for the main crop about nine inches apart. 
When the outer leaves of these plants are from 
two to three inches broad, break them off for nse 
without disturbing the heart or the root. Several 
sowings muy bo made if necessary. 
Beets are a very good substitute for Spinach.— 
Sow them truck in a warm, rich soil, and commence 
pulling and using them when quite small, cooking 
botli leaves and roots. 
Rut a Bag a Turnips planted ont early in the 
spring throw up yonng sprouts, which are excel¬ 
lent for greens. They should be broken off when 
tender, and a fresh supply will bo soon produced. 
The White Turnips may be treated in a similar 
manner, but the tops are not quite as good to our 
taste. 
Summer Savory.—A errespoudent in Ohio calls 
attention to this favorite herb, which is “grown 
for its warm, aromatic leaves, which are often 
used in salads to correct the coldness of other 
herbs. The seods may bo sown as early as the 
season will admit; but if the leaves only arc de- 
alred.it will do well sown any time in June.— 
When allowed to produce seed, with good culture, 
the variety usually cultivated rises about one foot 
high; but last spring I received a new variety from 
the Patent Office, which attains uearly twice this 
height, with much lurger leaves and stalks than 
the common sort.” 
permission, to add a few words. I would combine 
the useful with the beautiful, and on the farm and 
about the buildings, would plant the apple, peach, 
pear and apricot; and on the margin ol the wood 
lot and other convenient places, the bluck walnut, 
hickory, butternut, chestnut, Ac, Instead of a 
large locust tree in each corner of the front yard 
of the village lot, I would have in one corner a 
tree of Greenings, in another a Spitzenberg, in the 
others two of the best summer and fall apples.— 
The fruit garden should have a good variety of the 
small fruits, such as the blackberry, raspberry, 
strawberry, gooseberry, currants and grapes.— 
With a little trouble every land owner can have in 
a few years, all the kinds of fruit belonging to our 
latitude—a healthful and valuable addition to the 
comforts of life. Your articles on these subjects 
should cause increased attention to the matter, 
and I trust will do so.— J. Sibley, Forestville, 
Chautauyue Co., N. Y. 
Remarks.— The above contains some very good 
advice, but we would as soon l Link of patting the 
kitchen stove in the parlor as apple trees In the 
front yard; and so would Mrs. K, we know. Men, 
as a general thing, arc sadly destitute of taste. A 
Norway Spruce, a Mountain Ash, or u few flowering 
shrubs, such as we have described in the Rural, 
are just the things tor the front yard, and will 
show the owner to be a man of taste as well as 
seuse. If, however, you must have fruit in front 
of your house, plant a few cherry trees, the crab 
apple, or some dwarf trees. 
-•-*—-- 
Thk Striped Bug. — We have several plans, re- 
commended by correspondent*, as the best means 
of checking the depredations of this insect. Some 
of these we have before given. Sowing plaster, 
when the dew is on the plants is good, but needs 
repeating every day. An entirely new plan to ns, 
is to insert strips of white paper into split stil ts. 
These sticks are then put around the hills like 
miniature flags and flag poles. A correspondent 
avers that these will frighten tho bugs away. A 
pumpkin seed or two dropped in the hill will 
furnish food for the bugs, and they will sometimes 
overlook the melons or cucumbers. The best 
DWARF APPLE. 
Remarks. —There is no dwarf tree tnat we con¬ 
sider so valuable as the Pear. Few who reside in 
cities and villages on small lots, will think of grow¬ 
ing their winter stock of apples. They can bo 
bought good and cheaply of the farmers, bnt a 
supply of good pears cannot be bought at_any 
price. We would advise our friends to plant of 
dwarf apples only a few early varieties, and these 
as much for their beauty as for their fruit. There 
is nothing prettier than one of these miniature 
lrait trees loaded with large apples. We have 
often seen specimens quite us pretty as the one 
shown in the engraving. 
61 
DWARF CHERRY. 
The Dwarf Cherry, too. is a very pretty tree, but 
the Standard Cherry is also very fine, and as 
beautiful as many of our shade trees. The cherry 
An article with the above caption appeared a 
week or two since in the columns of the Rural.— 
I confess that I was somewhat astonished to find, 
by the silt-nce of the editor upon the subject, that 
the idea was tolerated, if not encouraged which it 
set forth, viz., the sowing of grass in an orchard 
whose recommendation consisted in its nature or 
the tendency it has to grow rank and thick in the 
shade as well as the sun. Now we of Massachu¬ 
setts, Connecticut and Eastern New York, who 
profess to know something, both practically and 
theoretically of Orchard culture, can and do find 
a much better place than the orchard, for the 
Dactyhs glomerata, or whatever you may choose 
to call it, (call it anything hut “ Orchard Grass.”) | 
Its very nature of growing in the shade of trees I 
makes it one of the worst things that can be raised | 
in the orchard. The orchard should never be con 
verted into a meadow so long as the land is devo¬ 
ted to orcharding. The man who plants an orchard 
does it for his own benefit, expecting to receive 
therefrom pecuniary reward. 
Fruit culture is pronounced the most profitable 
business of anything pertaining to the farm, and 
for this reason we think it might receive much 
more attention than it does. Farmers, however, 
seem to think that the orchard, in itself, does not 
pay, so they must plow and sow, reap and mow, 
just as though there was no orchard to cultivate. 
This is a grievous mistake and he who thinks he 
can make it pay better to use one and the same 
piece of land for both orchard and meadow is sim¬ 
ply mistaken. We consider the following theory 
correct, and deem the reasons that I will give as 
almost demonstrative proof that they are correct. 
Set your trees on the double row system, (one rod 
apart,) and by so doing you have but half the or¬ 
dinary surface to cultivate, and instead of seventy 
or seventy-five trees to the acre you get one hun¬ 
dred and sixly. This, after a few years of good 
cultivation, will shade the ground and protect 
those fibrous roots which ran to tbe surface for 
air and nourishment, from the scorching rays of 
the summer snn, which, in orchards of the old 
style of planting, destroys or renders barren so 
many trees. Besides, these trees afford each other 
a great protection against the heavy winds which 
racks the tree and destroys so much fruit. Here, 
then, we have an orchard set for an orchard, and 
it should never be seeded down to grass. A heavy 
sod will choke the roots, draw the nourishment 
from the soil, which the tree requires, and form an 
excellent protectionybrthe borer, that arch enemy 
to nearly nil fruit trees. This is why so many 
trees bear but once in two years. The orchard is 
seeded down to grass, or sown to rye which i3 no 
better, and the most of the little nourishment the 
orchard gets goes to the grain and grass. And 
the tree, which, in tbe summer months, requires 
sustenance to carry on the growth of the tree, per¬ 
fect the fruit and lay up buds for the coming sea¬ 
son, is unjustly left to shift for itself with no re¬ 
sources at its command. 
We say. then, that after the third or fourth year 
the plow ought never to be used. Cultivate with 
the cultivator, or, what is better still, make what 
is called a “hog pasture” of your orchard, and 
they will destroy the imperfect fruit, insects and 
all, and thus save the trees from their depreda¬ 
tions the following year. Potatoes, corn or buck¬ 
wheat are called good and we believe them to be 
so, tor the first three or four years, and more es¬ 
pecially buckwheat, but mind this, an orchard 
fjfetjpit get*, &t. 
THE STEAM WAGON. 
Among the many recent mechanical inventions, 
that of Mr. Overton, of Mariposa county, promises 
to rank among the useful. Many attempts to pro¬ 
pel vehicles by steam have been made. Some of 
them would be effectual if roads were constructed 
so that there would be no jars on the machinery. 
But while wagon-roads exist, there will be ruts to 
wrench the running-gear, whether vehicles are 
propelled by the power of animals or mechanical 
means. Some persnnshave attempted to construct 
a wagon with the power attached to the wheels, by 
the simple contrivance of a crank, as in the driv¬ 
ing wheels of the railway car. Bnt the immediate 
connection of the propelling power with the body 
propelled, tears tbe machinery to pieces, as each 
wrench to the wheel communicates itself to the 
whole machine. 
Mr. Overton’s machine is intended to overcome 
such difficulties. It is drawn with a number of 
legs attached to a crank. The model has six, but 
more can be applied. It is constructed to run 
backward as well as forward. The legs adapt 
themselves to the Inequalities of the ground. The 
manner of using these legs is nearly identical with 
those of the primitive locomotive. Each of them 
striking on the ground alternately gives it the 
power of running up steep declivities. The boiler, 
in tbe model, ispl aced upright; although we learn 
it is intended to place it horizontally in the work¬ 
ing machines. This is the greatest objection to 
its nse in a hilly country. Where long hills are to 
be descended, the water will run into the front 
part of the boiler. While, if the boiler were to 
remain in a perpendicular position, no danger of 
explosion from 3uch a cause need be apprehended. 
The motive power is applicable to plows, har¬ 
rows, or any other utensil, for whose propulsion 
oxen or horses are now nsed. The invention has 
a good chance of success. Mr. Overton claims the 
application of the propelling power as his discov¬ 
ery, the principle, he concedes 13 of an earlier 
date. He has applied for a patent ,—San Francisco 
Temperance Mirror. 
beam young, naturally,— therefore there is no t ^onld nei’er be seeded down to grass, 
miniature flags and flag poles. A correspondent I much gained by dwarfing it, on this point. Like 
avers that these will frighten the bugs away. A tbe dwarf apple, it is very tine in a small garden, 
pumpkin seed or two dropped in the hill will and will attract as much notice- when covered with 
furnish food for the bugs, and they will sometimes i futiit us any (lower or plant. Being so small they 
overlook the melons or cucumbers. The best | can be covered by netting, and the cherries thus 
plan of all, is to place a box over the hills, and if saved from the birds, will remain on the trees a 
a light of glass is placed over it, all ilie better. It 
will not only keep the bugs away, but will advance 
the plants two or three weeks, giving you ripe 
melons a long time before you could g t *t them by 
tho ordinary practice. Sprinkling the plants with 
black pepper one of our readers finds a sovereign 
remedy. Another finds that placing a handfull of 
slukod lime around each plant, on tho surface of 
the ground, will keep these little pests away.— 
Among such a multitude of remedies that are 
reported as sure, there would seem to be but little 
to fear from striped bugs. 
long time. We have dwarf cherry trees in Roch¬ 
ester twelve ft ei in height. 
Transplanting Evergreens. —Having seen in 
a recent number of the Rural an inquiry in regard 
to the time at which pine and other evergreen 
trees should he set, I will give mv opinion as far 
as my experience wi 11 allow. I am more acquaint¬ 
ed with pines than other avergreens, and hare 
been mostly accustomed to take them from low 
land or swamps. The time best suited I think, 
(with others of my acquaintance who are more 
A. Wkbstkr Shaffer. 
Remarks. —We have certainly never said a word 
to encourage the growth of grass or grain in au 
orchard. More than once, during the present year 
have we urged that the r rees in the orchard should 
be considered a paying crop, and that those who 
injured them by cropping were effecting a great 
permanent injury tor a small temporary gain. The 
Orchard Grass, however, is a good grass, succeed¬ 
ing -admirably in the shade. Just the thing for a 
Sugar Hush, or for pasturage in a grove. It is dis¬ 
posed to grow into tufts, and should be sown 
evenly, and kept fed close. 
---- 
To Correspondents. — We shall continue to 
answer questions as fast as we find room. All ex¬ 
periments should be carefully made and reported, 
so that they m ty not mislead. i 
BENT SHIP KNEES. 
Some time ago we took occasion to notice the 
new bark Jane Daggett, belonging to Messrs. Dun¬ 
ham and DImon, which had been built with knees 
of bent timber, from the Timber Bending Compa¬ 
ny at Green Point, and which was then about to 
depart for Europe. The trial of the knee9 was re¬ 
garded with much intere t, by Underwriters and 
others. This vessel has lately returned from a 
voyage to Glasgow, taking out a heavy cargo of 
grain, and returning with pig iron. The knees 
have thus been subjected to a severe test, and with 
the most satisfactory results—as upon the closest 
examination, not the least shriukings or displace¬ 
ment can be discovered. 
At Glasgow, the Jane Dagget was visited by 
quite a number of eminent ship-builders and own¬ 
er', who were unqualified in their praise of the 
ship and her peculiar construction. She was also 
visited by a deputation from London, to inspect 
the knees, who expressed the same favorable opin¬ 
ion with regard to them, and the belief that they 
must ultimately supersede natural kness. The lat¬ 
ter are already so scarce that to repair an Ameri¬ 
can ship not long since in Liverpool, itwas neces¬ 
sary to send to the Uni ted States for knees, as none 
suitable were to be had. 
We understand that the inspectors of the Insur¬ 
ance Companies, who have examined the Jane 
Daggett, are of the opinion that the bent knees are 
superior to others, they having stood the test of a 
hard winter voyage with the worst of cargoes, 
without the least starting or change, and are pre¬ 
pared to recommend them to the attention of the 
Underwriters and owners of ships, as an improve¬ 
ment calculated to diminish losses. We are in¬ 
formed that the bent timber does not increase the 
cost of ship-building.— N. Y. Journal of Com, 
-- 
Patent Duster for Cars. —The Michigan Cen¬ 
tral Railroad Company have recently purchased a 
“Patent Dnster,’’ and are now applying it to the 
Express trains. By this arrangement the entire 
train, from the floor of the ears down to the track 
outside of the wheels is enclosed, and all the dust 
passes out of the rear of the train, and passengers 
are not ouly free from the annoyance of the dust, 
but are secure from the possidility of falli ng be¬ 
tween the cars in passing from one to the other, 
or slipping under the wheels in getting on or off. 
-- 
Artificial Whalebone. —There is a company 
in New York city which manufactures artificial 
Whalebone out of rattan. It is impregnated with 
some peculiar composition which penetrates the 
rattan and changes it to a substance possessing 
the mechanical properties of whalebone^ It is 
employed principally in the manufacture of um¬ 
brellas. The new article is called Wallosin. 
An Iron Ship with Ikon Rigging. —On Satur¬ 
day last, the ship Santiago, Captain Fowler, from 
Africa, South America, arrived at Baltimore, Md. 
The Sun says:—“She is an iron clipper ship, of a 
beautifnl model, and, perhaps, some six hundred 
tuns burthen. The rigging of the fore and main 
masts is of iron wire woven into ropes.” 
-•-*-•>- 
Hart, the sculptor, who has long been indus¬ 
triously at work in France, has completed an in¬ 
vention for taking portrait busts, by the use of 
which the measurements are accurate and a like¬ 
ness taken more correctly than by photographic 
process. A company in England has paid $50,000 
for the use of the patent. 
-•- 
Imitation Olive Oil. — A very fine article of 
oii, closely resembling olive oil, is manufactured 
in New York, from African pea-nuts, which are 
imported for the purpose by the cargo, in bulk, 
and sold at $L 25 per bushel. 
The United States Government has just made a 
contract with Bowden & Sons, of Troy, N. Y., for 
1,300,000 pounds of horse shoes. That amount is 
worn out annually in the army. 
MAY 9. 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL ANT) FAMILY NEWSPAPER, 
