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AGRICULTURAL ANT) .FAMILY NEWSPAPER 
||mnl flute anti Items. 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN 
Mr. Alexander’s Stock.— A well informed cor¬ 
respondent furnishes “ Porter’s Spirit” the follow¬ 
ing Hstof stock on the farms of 1L A. Alexander, 
Esq., near Lexington, Ivy.:—“He has 121 head of 
horses, divided as follows: 15 race horses, 9 of 
which ore in training. 32 thorough-hred horses, 
blood mares, colts, arid fillies, divided as follows; 
2 stallions, 19 hlood marcs, and U colls and fillies- 
There were also 36 marcs and 9 suckling colts on 
the farm that do not. belong to Mr. Alexander, 
which were Bent here to be bred to his thorough¬ 
bred horses. These being added to the above 
number of 121 bead, make 1 GG horses on the farm, 
-there are 9 horses in training, as fast trotters, 3 of 
which are 2 year old entire oolts. Mr. A. has 40 
horses at his Scott county farm. He has 432 head 
I of cattle, 91 thorough-bred (Short-boiu) cows, 13 
bulls, 33 hull calves, and 31 heifers of pure blood; 
balanoe of the stock cousistof Alderney. Ayrshire 
and a few common cows; the balance have more 
or less of the Short-bora blood and are really fine 
stock. He bad 517 head of sheep, of the Cotswold, 
and South-Down breed, a few common ewes, and 
some half-breed lambs. He has 368 head of bogs, 
their breed I do not know, bat they are very fine.” 
— Mr. Alexander iB probably the most exten¬ 
sive owner and breeder of Improved Stock in the 
Union. _ 
The Wheat Midoe is, we regret to learn, again 
abroad in the land, and likely to cause much dam¬ 
age to wheat growers. Wm. Gareutt, Esq., of 
Wheatland, informs us that they have appeared in 
that locality more numerously than ever before, 
and he learns of their prevalence in other sections. 
He says the insect (midge) is so delicate that it can 
neither withstand rain, wind or the hot sun of 
DESCRIPTION. 
Reverss — The re¬ 
side isonmnieiit- 
Descriptioh —r aoe. 
Ok Ihe face is Ceres, 
(Goddess of the Keith, 
cultivation even quite into the summer, we tmnu 
this object would be as fully accomplished as tho 
the ground had been fallowed, and it would Vc 
every way in as good condition. The crop raised 
would more than compensate for the labor an 
interest of the land, aud could be removed in 
for wheat. Of the use of the almost inval- 
clcauing crop and lerti- 
shall not now speak. The finest crops oi 
and wheat that we c-ver saw raised for 
on the same land, were grown | 
- 7 . 7 --, planted one hall 
and the other wheat, and alternated 
The land tor the potatoes was well 
-t used for the wheat This 
actised for twelve years, and how 
Where manure is 
educe high, this plan would 
-.j liberally applied 
become impoverished by 
verse 
ed simply with a 
wrealU of plants.- the 
productions of tho 
grand divisions r>! the 
United Stales,emblem¬ 
atic Ol ttia National 
character of the Socie¬ 
ty. On one side are 
the Sugar Cano and 
Cotton 1‘lont, on tho 
other the Indian Com 
and Wheat, and at tho 
hottom, uniting tho 
two, is o grape vine 
laden With fruit and 
leaves. Thus the great 
s'aplns of the South, 
North, West and East, 
are wreathed together, 
encircling a apace ap¬ 
propriated ior inscrib¬ 
ing the name or ihe 
8ucconhful competitor. 
Patroness of Agricul¬ 
ture.) seated upon a 
(broad In her light 
hand, which is eleva¬ 
ted and extended for¬ 
ward in an attitude of , 
invitation, she holds a 
wreata ol honor; in her 
leU the m'klii, emblem 
of agricultural indus¬ 
try, In her lap are 
gathered various 
I fruits. IJer brow is 
nad with the star 
Trials of Mowing Machines.—L ast week there 
were three Trials of Mowers in Western New 
York_-that of the Livingston Go. Ag. Socieiy, at 
Geneseo, on Mo nil ay—the Farmers’Club at, Sic n tie 
ateles, on Tuesday—ami the Monroe Co. Ag. Soci¬ 
ety near Rochester, on Wednesday. At Geneseo 
the weather was lalny and the grass in about as 
bad condition as it could possibly be for cutting. 
Fonr machines were, however, entered and tried, 
and there was a large attendance of speet tors.— 
The entries were—1. Manuy’a Combined Machine 
with Wood’s Improvement. 2. Burrall’s Combined 
Mower aud Reaper. 3. Dtmford’a Mow*r. 4. Pal¬ 
mer’s Mower. The tlriviog wheel of Palmer’s ma¬ 
chine was broken at the commencement of the 
trial. The first premium was awarded to Dan- 
lord’s machine; the second to Burrall’a; and the 
season 
nahle clover plant as a 
li'/.cr, we 
potatoes 
a succession of years 
on a field of about fifty acres, 
with potatoes 
every season, 
manured, but none was 
system was pm- 
much longer we cannot say. 
plenty and cheap, or pr<— 
answer, hut unless manure was 
the land would soon L-- 
such a system. .. . 
The oat and barley fields in this section show 
sadly the want of some system of fallowing or cul¬ 
ture that will destroy Canada thistles ami other 
troublesome weeds. Clean culture with hoed 
crops would help to remedy the evil. Bastard, or 
Green, Fallows , under which names are included 
all systems of cleaning land which do not require 
the loss of a summer’s crop, would prove of much 
benefit to these foul fields, and should receive the 
attention of farmers. One method, for very foul 
fields, is to sow barley in the spring, on account of 
its early ripening, and the ground is plowed im¬ 
mediately after the crop is harvested, and culti¬ 
vated late in the fall The next spring it is plowed 
or cultivated as often as the growth of weeds 
seem to render necessary, until time to sow Bata 
Bagas, or White Turnips, when they are sown in 
drills, and the ground kept cultivated between 
the rows. In this way the greater parr, of a sum¬ 
mer is obtained for stirring the land without the 
loss of a crop, and the weeds are pretty well sub¬ 
dued before planting. In some cases Buckwheat 
is sown instead of Turnips, or where the weeds are 
thoroughly subdued before sowing the Turnips 
may be more closely planted. 
Our correspondent will find most of his inquiries 
answered in this article, aud such facts presented 
as will enable him to judge for himself as to the 
proper course for him to pursue. To others, wc 
hope the thonghtspresented will not be altogether 
in vain. They are merely designed to be sugges¬ 
tive, and can be carried out much farther by every 
thinking reader. 
crowi 
Ol Empire, and bet ex- UAH 
presalve coumenanco \v)..\ \£&-I 
niHiiil'ette be.- dignifivd UV.A '2>-\ -s c.f ,.jf‘ 
rank as the impartial \wA\\ 7 ^' 
disposer of awanja to 
the eoaipeliters— VhAX %/?) 
Aiotmd tho rim Of the V 
medal is tho classic 
•wreatfl of laurel, aud j7\\ 
within this aro the 
words, in Homan let- 
IC-rs: “ ONITRD states 
AGRICULTURAL SOC1E- 
TV."—HDOCOtn. 
grand gold medal of the 
To n* Awarded to Successful Competitors at the 
5 ) (A v [This medal is repro- 
duced Id gold, stiver 
•: _ and bronze, for 1st, 2d 
' and id premiums.] 
STATES AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY, 
;apes and Mower Trial, Syracuse, N. Y., July 13,1857. 
tion, ease of draft, and execution of work. Time 
was no criterion. The attendance waB large, and 
the trial said to be satisfactory. Each machine 
cut three-quarters of an acre. The Judges report¬ 
ed concisely a 3 follows:—‘‘We consider Manny’S 
and Wood’s machine best for execution of work 
and of light draft. Ketciium’S for strength aud 
durability, lightness of draft and execution of 
work, next best Burr all’s for simplicity of ma¬ 
chinery aud light draft, next. Danford’s for ease 
of draft and no liability to clog, and consider it a 
good machine.” The judges further stated that 
“ it was impossible to judge correctly of the 00 m- 
narntive merits on so short a trial. Each machine 
shy denizens of the wood, we discovered a mar¬ 
mot, or as he is more generally known, a “wood- 
ebucV’ sitting in characteristic position at the 
door of his residence. Erect and cautious, he 
eyed his distant visitors as if he wished none of 
their acquaintance; hut before we could fairly 
of him, he suddenly performed a half 
HOW TO INCREASE THE VALUE AND PRODUCT¬ 
IVENESS OF FARMING LANDS. 
Advance is the order of the day. Improve¬ 
ments are being made in every department of 
Science and the Arts, but in nothing is progress 
more discernible than in Agriculture. It is now 
considered one of the most honorable and lucra¬ 
tive pursuits in which men of talent, and capital 
or.n cnirace. At no time since the landing of the 
get in range 
somerset, aud with a sharp whistle disappeared. 
We left him, promising to call again. 
It is to be regretted that the study of animated 
nature forms so small a part in the recreations of 
the young. Many know not even the form of 
numbers of those species which are still so com¬ 
mon in < ur groves aud woodlands, except as they 
appear when preserved under glass in a museum. 
Nature has vested all these creatures with a kind 
of intelligence, tho operations of which it is real¬ 
ly amusing to observe. Tho muskrat builds his 
house, the squirrel carefully shells the nut3 and 
puts them in store for winter, tho birds migrate 
and return with alternate seasons, and all manliest 
their ingenuity in their contrivances for defence 
and comfort. And.it maybe wise to remember, 
that though they are not human, there is still 
some link of affinity between them and us; for 
we see them capable of enjoyment and pain, of 
anger and delight, of hate and attachment, and 
among the higher orders, we may almost say that 
have veritable joy and grief. u * 
others.” [We condense preceding irom a repon 
kindly furnished ns by Mr. W. M. Beauchamp.] 
The Monroe Trial took place July 1st, on the 
Society’s Fair Grounds. Though the weather was 
unpropitious in the morning, the skies brightened 
at noon, and the afternoon proved very favorable. 
The attendance was unexpectedly large, and the 
competition greater than we had anticipated.— 
Twelve entries were made, as follows:—1. W. A. 
Wood, noosiok Falls, Manny’s Reaper and Mower 
with Wood’s improvement. 2. I. H. Sutherland, 
PiUsford, Kctchum’a Combined Mower and Reap¬ 
er. 3. H. Sutherland, Ketchnm’s Mower. 4. 
John Rapalje, Rochester, Ketchnm’s Mower. 5. 
Xi. L. Allen, New York, Allen’s Mower. 0. G. W. 
Bartow, Hemlock Lake, Hanford’s Mower. 7. 
Seymour, Morgan & Co., Broekport, Combined 
Mower and Reaper. 8. SnROUns & Kellet, Pop¬ 
lar Ridge, Wheeler’s Combined Mower and Reap¬ 
er 9 T. D. Bukrall, Geneva, Combined Mower 
The Derby and Oaks.— These great raees, run 
(the latter part of May,) at Epsom, England, were 
both won by a filly, “ Blink Bonny.” The time of 
the Derby was 2 miuutes 45 secouds—of the oaks, 
(two days later,) 2 min. 50 sec. —both over the 
same mile and a half course. The nett value of 
both stakes was $46,575. This is the ODly time, ex¬ 
cept one, that the Derby has ever been won by a 
filly, aud never before (except in 1801) did the 
same animal win both the Derby aud Oaks. Sport¬ 
ing men and papers are of course excited at the 
event. 
Queer Stock.—A Waukesha (Wia.) paper says 
that a mare owned by E. W. Lurvey, of that 
county, recently produced at one birth a horse 
colt and a mule. “The horse colt, alter keeping 
its mulish twin brother company for a couple of 
days, shuffled off this mortal coil, probably becom¬ 
ing disgusted with the society or conduct of its 
unnatural relative. The mule is doing well.” 
Eds. Rural: —In the Rural of the 20th of June, 1 
saw some inquiries by M. Waterman respectingthe 
construction of stone draius, and being both willing 
and anxious to receive and impart knowledge ob¬ 
tained by experience, I beg leave to contribute 
any information calculated to advance the science 
of agricallure, and will therefore give my little 
experience in the way of stone drains. The best 
mode of construction that I have built upon is to 
sink to sufficient depth—generally about three feet 
deep, three feet wide at top and one foot at bottom 
,— taking care to keep the fall at bottom as uni* 
form as possible, which aan be regulated by a 
spirit level Select from the stones to be used, 
those apple-seed shaped, or with one pointed or 
small end, of a size say from six to twelve poimds 
weight, setting all over the hottom of the drain 
small ends downwards, taking care to place them 
in such a manner that the ontcr ones serve as 
keyB against the walls or sides of the drain. This 
precaution is necessary to prevent the filling oi 
the mass of stones in case of washing or being 
undermined. After tbuB arranging the first layer 
of stones, I then (rather carefully) hand-pack 
a layer of smaller stones to the depth of 8 or 10 
iuches, then larger stones may be used, after 
which a coat of coarse gravel, (screened is prefera¬ 
ble) then a layer of evergreen brush, before filling 
with earth. Particular attention should be paid 
to the mouth or Iowe» end of drains, as the effect 
produced by negligence at this point is attended 
with Berions consequences, and the object for 
which the drain was intended unattained. 
Brighton, June, 3857- Canadian. 
— - •* ■ ■ - — 
THENGS I LUCE TO SEE. 
I like to see a man who owns a good farm, turn 
all his stock into the road, regardless of the trou¬ 
ble they may make his neighbors, providing he is 
not annoyed by them bimself,—it shows to the 
world that he is a man of order, and one who does 
the good feelings of tho 
WOBD TO BOY FABMBBS. 
3 is a calling widely different from all oth- 
irent from tho fact of its having in itself 
ges of presenting to the mind of the young 
r, such opportunities as is found in no other 
on. Such a field for experiment—for the 
,iou of all science ia no where else to found, 
uds in every-day novelties-presenting to 
11 ir nhservinc. progressive farmer boy, new 
increasing ratio, ana me uiscomnma proprietor 
Boon discovers that he has to deal with an iucreas- 
ing progression, and that by neglecting the proper 
use of the means, he is perplexed with the amount 
of the last term. 
In conclusion, wc say that if the means enume¬ 
rated in the foregoing plan be adopted, we may 
look with confidence for the increase in value and 
productiveness of farming landB. 
Mount Morris, N. Y., 1867- N. B. Ament. 
* We wish we could subscribe to the truthfulness of this 
eloquent paragraph-for it it is not all true it ought to he 
—but think many readers doubt ita entire correctness and 
that there is room for discussion.— Ed. 
four bundles together,) for a day or two. Those 
who nave large quantities build it in Binall stacks, 
securing it from the rain till they find it conve¬ 
nient to take it to the mill. 
In former times the breaking and Bcutcbing was 
per)earned by baud, and some prefer to do it so 
now; but the greater part get it done at the milk 
The first operation is breaking or passing in small 
quantities between fluted rollers; it is then taken 
in handfulls and rubbed and slightly twisted, and 
passed to the scutchers, which are generally three 
—first, the rougher; Eecond, the cleaner; and third, 
the finisher. When finished they tic it in bundles 
not wish to trespass on 
community where he resides. 
1 like to see a farmer place his hog’s trough in 
front of his house, and there feed his wine—it 
shows that he baa a particular regard for his wife, 
or that she has an uncommon eye for dirt. 
I like to see a farmer throw all his rubbish in the 
road; pile his lumber there, fence posts and old 
rails,’ and for variety, now and then, an enormous 
heap of stones, almost blocking up the public 
highway,—it shows that he intends to have the 
a liberal maD and willing to supply his neighbors 
the seed, gratia. 
I like to see a man plant shade trees by the road¬ 
side, pick np the stones, clear uwoy the rubbish, 
destroy foul weeds, and endeavor to make the 
street (through his own premises at least,) both 
posable and pleasant, and then as a reward for his 
trouble, he compelled to see the trees destroyed by 
I colts and the grass by hogs; and he st the same 
time feel well pleased; it shows that lie has a very 
bad disposition, is destitute of order uud should 
bo looked upon as a peBt in the community. 
__.a., v v isr,7. K. N. H. 
A Mobile 
Alabama Vegetable Wonders. 
paper tells of Borne remarkable specimens of wheat, 
white, black and hybrid, or mixture of the white 
and black, all of the moat extraordinary growth, 
the Btalks eight feet high, and 32 in number from 
each single kernel of seed; potato oats also with 
no leas than 66 Btems from one kernel. These re¬ 
markable specimens are the growth of the plan¬ 
tation of John Bailey, Esq., of Mobile county, who 
harbor that old idea, that fast dying 
bo great, to be noble, you must be 
re than 1 ; firmer; if it is proper 0 
u account of your occupation iu 1 G 
1 >in tirnnd that. vou are ft farmer boy- 
activity, 
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