... 
JULY 18 . 
MO ORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
&jlF tafalfi. 
For Moore's Rural Now-Yorter. 
WANDERINGS IN EUROPE.—NO, II. 
BY GLEZEN F. WILCOX. 
A Visit to the Field of Waterloo. 
Mr companion and I had once nearly deter¬ 
mined to wain out to the field of Waterloo, bnt we 
finally concluded to take the coach, which gatherB 
its passengers every morning from the different ho¬ 
tels of the city of Brussels, — conveys them to the 
battle-field, and returns in the evening. The pro¬ 
prietors of the conveyance are Englishmen, and 
the coachman himself might have sat for a Bketch 
to Washington Irving. They happened to drive 
to onr hotel first, and as we had the opportunity of 
choosing our seats, I took mine heside that worthy 
dignitary. When we were fairly seated he cracked 
his whip; the four grey horses sprang into a gal¬ 
lop; the postillion blew a trumpet as we drove 
from one hotel to another, and the people in the 
Btreets stopped and stared at ns until we were out 
of their Bight. 
There were enough English and American pas¬ 
sengers to fill the coach. Passing the city barriers 
we rattled on over the paved road towards Water¬ 
loo. A troop of ragged, white-headed, dirty chil¬ 
dren, ran beside the coach, now and then turning 
somersets, standing on their heads, and performing 
other antics to attract our attention, and induce as 
to throw them a lew coppers. One of them was 
expert enough to draw from an astonished Eng¬ 
lishman by my side the encomium that he was a 
“stunner.” The sun shoue very hot, causing ODe 
of the passengers on the outside, an American, to 
open an umbrella. It happened to touch the hat 
of the coachman, who informed the owner of the 
inconvenience, aud received ft proper apology.— 
An Englishman, however, (a good spccimcu of 
traveling John Bull,) sitting by his side, took oc¬ 
casion to remark that a man had no business to 
bold an open umbrella cxceptin a rain storm; and 
that it was very impolite to trouble other people 
for the sake of keeping of! a little sunshine. The 
American replied that he did not. intend to incon¬ 
venience any one, and if he was so unfortunate as 
to damage his hat, or any other portion of his 
property, he wonld pay him its value. “I don’t 
want yonr money,” was the characteristic reply of 
the Englishman. “I don’t want, your money; I 
want my comfort.” **I want mine, too,” answered 
the American, “and I shall not be bullied out of it 
or my rights.” 
We passed by the forest of Soignies, which, at 
the time of the battle, was more extensive than at 
present, extending on both sides of the road, en¬ 
tered the village of Waterloo, where we changed 
coaches, and then rode on to the battle-field. It 
was over this same road that 
-“The steed, 
The mustering squadron, end the clattering car, 
W.ut pouring forward with impetuous speed, 
Aud swiftly joining in the runts of war." 
Sergeant M-, an Englishman who was in the 
battle, wfts tho guide of the party. He first con¬ 
ducted ns to the Bpot which was the centre of W el- 
lingtoh’S position. At the time of the battle it 
was8omewbat higher than at present, for the earth 
has been taken from it which forms the immense 
mound, crowned with the British Lion, looking to¬ 
wards France. The guide related that Wbllinu- 
ton visited the battle-field at the time the workmen 
were engaged in removing the earth, and perceiv¬ 
ing that the position would he spoiled, declared 
he would never see it again. The British army 
was drawn np on the crest of a ridge, which 
curved a little, throwing both flanks in advance of 
the centre. The ground sloped downward in their 
rear, to tho bottom of ft valley, which was greatly 
to their advantage; for hyretiringalittle the troops 
were much sheltered from tho enemy’s fire, and it 
was also possible for Wellington to movo di¬ 
visions from one flank to the other in tho rear of 
his position, without being perceived by the 
French. The British right was thrown forward to 
the farm-house of Hovuoumont, which was turned 
into a stroug fortress, and proved to he the key of 
tho battle-field. There was a slight valley be¬ 
tween the two armies, and on the opposite ridge 
from the British were the French. Butcher came 
up on the left of the British and right of tho 
French. Of course he outflanked Napoleon, and 
caused him to wheel his right partly round to face 
the Prussians. Before the arrival of Butcher the 
Freuob and English were facing each other, bnt 
afterwards the French had to face two cardinal 
points of the compass, besides an overwhelming 
superiority of force. 
After looking over the field from the apot which 
was occupied by the British centre, we ascended 
the mound, and then went on towards the farm of 
HotTGOt’MONT. We stopped on the spot where the 
Old Guard of Napoleon was cut to pieces. The 
battle was nearly over. Nky thought he perceived 
a weak spot in the British line. He formed tho 
Old Guard for a final effort—the Old Guard which 
he had so often led in resistless and decisive 
charges. Wellington perceived the movement, 
aud guessing the point at which the attack was di¬ 
rected, ordered a body of grenadiers to lie down 
behind a bank of earth, not more than three feet 
high, and formed by one side of ft road. Tho 
French came on sweeping everything before 
them. Snddenly a body of troops rose out of the 
earth, poured a sharp, hot volley into their faces, 
and before they recovered from their surprise, 
charged them with the bayonet. Back, down the 
descending slope they were driven in confusion. 
The lust chance had been lost and won, and Na¬ 
poleon was already flying from a lost battle, and 
a lost Empire. I plucked a few heads of wheat 
for memeutoes, from tho field of yellow grain 
which waved on the apot where the bravest body 
of troops that ever followed the footsteps of a com 
queror, were destroyed. 
The farm-house of Hocgohmont Is one of the 
most interesting buildiugs from Its associations in 
the world. If the destiny of Europe was decided 
by the battle of Waterloo, so did the issue of the 
confliot depeud on the possession of that farm¬ 
house. It was the inability of tho French to drive 
the British from it, which kept them from obtain¬ 
ing a eoinploto victory before the arrival of the 
Prussians. Thofarm-housuisadmirablyconstruct¬ 
ed for a position of defence on a battle-field—being 
strongly built of brick, with a wall-encompassed 
yard in the rear. Back of the bouse is the garden, 
also enclosed by a strong wall, somewhat higher 
than a man, and pierced with loop holes through 
| which the British fired. On the side of the garden 
towards the French, was an open piece of ground, 
three or four rods in breadth, which the assailants 
were obliged to cross before they could scale the 
wall, and where they were exposed to a most de¬ 
structive fire. Across the open piece of ground 
before the garden, stood a large grove of trees, 
which prevented the French from using their artil¬ 
lery effectually against the position. Most of the 
trees have been cut away since the battle. Back 
of the garden is the orchard, which, slopiug to¬ 
wards the British line, was bounded on the lower 
aide by a ditch and hedge, that afforded strong 
protection to the troops drawn up behind them.— 
Behind the ditch and hedge, is a ridge, on the crest 
of which was posted the British artillery. From 
this elevated position they could fire over the 
b 'ads of the troops behind the hedge, into the ene¬ 
my’s columns whenever they attempted to cross 
the orchard, where, also, the French were exposed 
to a raking fire from the side of the garden. 
It is no wonder that this strong position, defend¬ 
ed by British skill and stubbornness, was not car¬ 
ried by the French. We entered the farm-house, 
which belongs to a private family, and purchased 
refreshments. It is said that a maid-servant of the 
family that occupied it at the time of the battle, 
refused to leave when it was taken possession of 
by the British, but took refuge in the garret where 
she remained unharmed until the contest was over. 
Here wo found the carriage waiting to convey us 
back to Waterloo. We did not visit any part of 
the French position, but could overlook the whole 
plainly from other parts of the battle-field. 
Cologne. 
We returned to Brussels and took the cars for 
Cologne. There Bt-emed to he several unoocupied 
coaches attached to the train, but the officers in¬ 
sisted on crowding eight grumbling passengers, 
ourselves included, into one apartment, thus filling 
it uncomfortably full, and making it difficult to 
rest. I slumbered a little, hut was awakened at 
midnight by some one tapping me on the shoulder, 
aud shouting something in my ear. I looked np, 
and Bawthe glittering uniform of a policeman, and 
perceived that the other passengers were giving 
up their passports. We had arrived at Yerviers, 
on the borders of Prussian territory, where the 
train was detained an hour, for the examination of 
passports and baggage. In the grey dawn of 
morning we entered Cologne. 
Our first walk was to the celebrated Cathedral. 
We soon came in sight of a great square tower, 
the top of which was unfinished, and bore a huge 
crane. There was no mistaking it. I knew at once 
from the descriptions I had read, that it was the 
same machinery which stood there two hundred 
years ago, when the workmen left off' bailding.— 
At the first glance I experienced a feeling of dis¬ 
appointment; the tower did not look so lofty as it 
really is, and the unfinished state of the edifice, 
was not favorable for making a strong impression. 
But when we entered the interior, and gazed np 
through the light that was softened and enlarged 
by the stained windows, atthe intermingling arches 
which sprang so loftiJy from the gigantic pillars, 
my disappointment gave way to admiration and a 
feeling of wonder, that man who looks so insigui- 
fleeutbeside his own handiwork, has power to rear 
so proud a structure. A few people were walking 
abouton the atone floor, and some kneelingBilently 
before the costly shrines. Workmen arc now con¬ 
tinually employed on the Cathedral, and it is said 
the authorities intend to finish it according to the 
original plau, which a few years ago was found in 
the possession of a poor man. It has a strange ef¬ 
fect to see the white surface and sharp outlines of 
the new architecture, by that which is browned by 
the storms of five centuries, and already crumb¬ 
ling to decay. 
Up the Shine. 
Cologne is a dirty city and full of foul smells_ 
Not caring to remain in it over night, we went on 
hoard of a steamer which, shortly after uoon, start¬ 
ed up the Rhine. It was glorious weather; the 
yellow sunlight bathed in rich lines the proud river, 
and its terraced vineyards and gray heights, crown¬ 
ed with silent ruins. We paised the Pracheufels 
that day, and in the dusk of evening saw the 
heights of Coblent/., gleaming at the foot of rocky 
heights, end the dim outlines of the impregnable 
fortress or Ehrenbreitstein, running over the moun¬ 
tain on the opposite side of the river. Between 
them stretched a low bridge of boats, and close to 
the shores were anchored a nnmhec of floating 
mills, whose wheels were turned slowly round by 
tho curreut. We saw many of these floating mills 
on the Rhine. The boat came ulougaide of a wharf I 
and we went to a hotel to sleep. In the morning I 
we heard the bell ringing, and hurried down to 
the boat, just in time to step on hoard before she 
swung away from tho wharf. That day finished 
our ride on the Rhiue. Three or four hours before 
sundown my friend stopped at Worms, and by dark 
I was in Mannheim. Next morning I took the first 
train of cars for Heidelberg, for l was eager to get 
to that oily, which I looked forward to as a place 
of qniet rest and study; and the prospect was far 
from being disagreeable after three months of con¬ 
tinual travel and sight-seeing. 
The train left the Rhine with a whistle as weak 
as the voice of one of Ossian's ghosts, and sped to 
the eastward, over an tmfeaced and perfectly level 
plain, which was covered with small patches of 
grain and grass, iutermiugleu with potatoes and 
beets, and here and there a tew rows of Indian corn. 
After riding ft quarter of an hour I leaned out 
of the window; heforc us to the right and left as 
far as I could see, the round wooded mountains uf 
the Odcnwald rose abruptly from the plain.— 
"What is this,” I asked of a youug Englishman 
whose acquaintance I had made on the Rhine, and 
whom I had unexpectedly met again that morning 
in the railway wagon, “What is this? they will 
surely not run much further in this direction r 
for it seemed to me that five minutes more would 
bring us to the foot ot the tallest mountain. “ No,” 
ho replied, “for wo are just at Heidelberg. You 
see those two mountains which stand apart from 
each other; the one on the right Is tne liaiser- 
stuhl, and that on the left the Hoiligenberg. They 
are mountain Benttnols, standing on each aide of 
the pass, through which the Neckar breaks from 
the Udenwald, aud emerges into tho great Rhine 
plain. The Ueiligeuberg rises steeply from the 
very edge of the water; out between Uu> opposite 
bank and purtof the base of the K afseratuh), there 
is a long but narrow fiat, or table laud, on which 
stands tho city of Heidelberg.” 
The train stopped iu a splendid station, built of 
red sandstone, which Is quarried in great abund¬ 
ance In the mountains, and of which the castle 
and churches of the town are also constructed.— 
I stepped into the street, and saw before me a 
broad walk, shaded by rows of trees, under which 
people were promenading. The green forests on 
the steep mountain sides were visible above the 
dark heavy roots of the buildings, seeming to re- 
fleot a coolness into the streets, aud spreading a 
tranquil richness over tho sceue, that I viewed 
with an onthusiasm I shall not soon forget. 
ORIENTAL FOREST SCENE. 
HISTORICAL FACTS CONTCERN IN <3- INDIA. 
There is a good deal of romance about India. 
Itshistory is somewhat like a fairy tale. We read of 
its silks and apices; its elephant trains and gor¬ 
geous temples; the sacred Ganges, and the beauti¬ 
ful “vale of Cashmere,” We see this magnifi- , 
cent Empire governed by a foreign commercial 
company, making war and peace, and subdu¬ 
ing kingdoms at pleasure. A few facts relative 
to the early history, the customs of the people, 
and the manner in which the English obtained 
control of the country, with the accompanying 
Forest Scene, will, we think, be acceptable to our 
readers. 
India was one of the earliest seats of civilization. 
Several large kingdoms under a tolerably well 
regulated form of government and a number of 
smaller states were in existence many centuries 
before the Christian Era; of their first foundation 
there are no reliable records, their only history 
heing the legends of the ancient poets which are 
fall of fables. Some have thought that the first 
respectable settlement was made by an Egyptian 
colony, and that previously the country was cov¬ 
ered with extensive forests, and inhabited only by 
a few uncivilized tribes whose origin is unknown. 
From this colony, which may have been mostly 
priests, perhaps, sprang the laws and religion of 
the Brahmins. It is supposed that theseare alluded 
to in Kings, where it i9 said "Solomon's wisdom 
excelled the wisdom of all the children of the 
east country, and all the wisdom of Egypt.” 
It is very evident that the earliest form of gov¬ 
ernment known in India was that of a powerful 
priesthood, and it-is supposed the first code ot' 
laws promulgated among the Hindoos, was com¬ 
piled by the Brahmins about the ninth century be¬ 
fore the Christian Era, although they claim to he 
the work of au ancient law giver who lived at the 
time of the flood, from which he was miraculously 
preserved by Brahma. The most important part of 
this code was a division of the people into four castes 
or classes, which were prohibited from intermixing. 
The first was the priesthood, who ruled both over 
the political and religious affairs of the state. The 
second was the warrior caste, includiug kiugs, 
princes, magistrates and soldiers. The third class 
Included husbandmen, merchants and tradesmen. 
The fourth embraced the lower order of mechanics ( 
servants and laborers. Every one was obliged to 
pursue the profession of bis father, nor was it pos¬ 
sible for any one to change his business or vise 
above his class, by any energy, talent or wealth.— 
A system better calculated to stagnate and degrade 
a people, the Author of all Evil himself could not 
devise. 
Tho religious ceremonies of the ancient Hindoos 
were conducted with a magnificence hardly equall¬ 
ed. Anciently one supreme being was worshiped 
under the name of Brahma, aad two gods Siva and 
Vishnu were revered as separate forms, and repre¬ 
senting different attributes of the same deity. 
Brahma was worshiped as the creator, Vishnu as 
the preserver, and Siva as the destroyer. Now, 
gods almost without number are worshiped by 
the Hindoos. About five centuries before the 
Christian Era, a great reformer, Budha, arose iu 
India, who uudortook to lessen tho power ol the 
priesthood, und destroy castes. He was in a great 
measure successful, aud the religion he founded 
prevailed over India for many centuries, and until 
about the tenth century oi the Christian Era, when 
Brahminism, in a modified form, was re established, 
i Women iu India, during tho early ages, were 
never compelled to live in seclusion, as they are in 
other Asiatic countries — nor were they treated as 
inferiors, or bought with money am are the women 
of Egypt and China, bnt the husband received a 
portion with the wife, according to the ability of 
her parents. Latterly, thro’ Mahommedan influence, 
women of rank were uot permitted to go abroad 
without being closely veiled; bnt this custom was 
not very strictly adhered to, and is almost obsolete. 
Women could hold property, and the portion they 
brought their husbands, was always inherited by the 
daughters. The bnrning of widows with the dead 
bodies of their hasbands was not common until 
about the commencement of the Christian Era, and 
was never a3 common as is generally supposed. 
The natives of India are very simple in their 
habits. Their principal food consists of fruit and 
vegetables, very little animal food being eaten by 
the people generally, and none by the Brahmiim. 
They live together in villages, the farmer going 
out in the morning to cultivate his fields, and re¬ 
turning in the evening. Each village is a little in¬ 
dependent commonwealth, governed by its mayor. 
Tho spices and perfumes of India were great 
sources of wealth, aad the diamonds of Goloonda 
have had a world-wide celebrity. These were 
enongh to excite the cupidity of the surrounding 
nations, and four centuries before Christ, Alex¬ 
ander the Great having overrun the Persian Em¬ 
pire, led his conquering armies to the shores of 
the Indus, where the Indians were defeated. This, 
however, produced no material change in the state 
of India. Soon after the introduction of the Ma¬ 
hommedan religion, the Afghan Arabs and Turks at 
different times invaded India, with more or less 
saocess, and established themselves and their reli¬ 
gion at many points. In 1500, the Portuguese at¬ 
tempted to make a settlement in India, and after 
a severe struggle they succeeded in 1510 in estab¬ 
lishing a regular government in the Bonth of 
India, the capital of which is the maritime city of 
j Goa. In 1008, the English East India Company 
sent out a ship for the purpose of opening trade 
with the Indies, but the Portuguese, through in¬ 
trigue, prevented its accomplishment. Various 
other attempts were made, in vain, nntil 1615, when 
a regular embassy was sent by the English to the 
Emperor of India, and they were granted permis¬ 
sion to establish a factory at Bnrat, and a regular 
trade was opened. Iu 1687, the English obtained 
possession ot Bombay, and transferred their facto¬ 
ries from Surat to that place, which has from that 
lime, been the capital of their dominions on the 
western side of the peninsula. In the meantime 
they had obtained possessions on the eastern side 
which were rising into importance. The French, 
alter several unsuccessful attempts, succeeded in 
making a permanent settlement at Pondicherry, on 
the coast, of Coromandel, purchased in 1672. 
The English continued to increase their territory 
and power in India a3 fast as opportunity present¬ 
ed, and so successfully as to arouse the jealousy of 
the French. A struggle now commenced between 
the different European nations for the supremacy, 
each one interfering with the qnarrels of the na¬ 
tive princes, or exciting such quarrels as would 
result to their own good and the it jury of the 
others. Plots and couuter-plots, were the order ot 
tho day; treachery was encouraged and aided, and 
rightand justice seem to bo lost sightof iu the strug¬ 
gle for supremacy. It was during a temporary 
reverse on tho part of the English that the terrible 
tragedy was enacted, in which one hundred and 
twenty-three persons were suffocated in one 
in the " Black Hole of Calcutta.” English influ¬ 
ence rapidly extended, until by the fall of lii’PO 
Sam, iu’ 1799, they became masters of India. 
For Moore'a Rural New-Yorker 
WE’LL MEET AGAIN. 
“ Will we meet sgaia ?" raid the dying man 
As he drew his last, Etint breath ; 
Bnt eie the echo had past ed away 
He was clasped iu the arms of death. 
“ Will ws meet again ?’’ breathed a noble youth 
As he laid him down to die ; 
The weeping friends clang closer still 
While his spirit soared on high. 
“ Will we meet again sighed the mother fond 
As she gazed Fir the long, last time, 
On the lonely face of her darling one 
Who dwett in a “ sunnier clime." 
Will we meet again ? friends of my youth, 
Those that have gone before— 
Have we parted here on earth below 
To meet again bo more r 
Yes, friends! IFe'll meet again 
On that bright, telssed morn 
When all shall hear the trampot’a blast 
And all he equal born. 
Then let thy iaith be pure and strong, 
Thy hopes, high as the sky, 
Then, when we’re called to part below 
We’ll meet again, on high. 
We'll meet in that blest home above 
Where “Tho weary are at rest," 
The aged, and the fallen one 
Will be supremely b'est; 
Then let ns there our life-bark steer, 
Though o’er rough seas we’re driven. 
For 'twill be bliss without alloy 
To meet again—in Heaven. 
JonesviUe, Mich., 1887. “Sub." 
PHYSICAL ADVANTAGES OF THE SABBATH. 
The Sabbath, viewed merely in the light of a day 
of relaxation and refreshment, cannot be com¬ 
puted too highly, by the working classes in par¬ 
ticular. The statesman, the merchant, and, the 
manufacturer, can often escape the duties, or 
emancipate themselves from the thrall of business, 
and vanishing from the respective engagements, 
may embark for foreign travel, and luxuriate 
awhile in some invigorating clime; or, wandering 
up and down oar own fair land, may halt at spota 
rich in historic interest, or may visit the wonder- 
teeming cities reared by modern enterprise; or 
else, if wearied with the excitement of such 
scenes, may turn aside for a season to the margin 
of the ocean, and there inhale health and gladness 
from its bracing breezes. 
Suppose the Sabbath to he by all people abol¬ 
ished. What a aad picture this world would soon 
present! Think of labor thus going on in one mo¬ 
notonous, eternal cycle. Think—as your imagina¬ 
tion beholds the nnvarying wheel of work, the 
treadmill of labor, thus going round, and round, 
and round, without a change, without a pause, 
from mom to night, from week to week, from 
month to month, from year to year— think, if yon 
can, of the desolation that mast follow this abso¬ 
lute reign of labor over the whole realm of time. 
The delicate and fragile wonld be speedily 
crushed. Feeble constitutions, that with a seventh 
day fostering care, might eke out their residue of 
strength for many years, wonld break down with a 
sudden crash. Incipient diseases, which nature, 
invigorated by adequate rest, might overgrow, 
wonld he developed with a deadly rapidity. An 
intense labor wonld found a dreadful forcer of the 
seeds and rudiments of decay which are imbedded 
more or less plentifully in all of ns. Under the 
vassalage of such ft gigantic oppressor as unre¬ 
stricted labor, earth would reek with the sufferings 
of her offspring, while the all-absorbing prayer of 
the millions would he for "Rest!” or the quiet 
slumber of the grave! 
The mere physical advantages of the Sabbath, 
independent of those of onr intellectual, domestic, 
moral and religions characters to the mass of man¬ 
kind, are above computation. It is one of the 
best gifts of God, and should be cherished as a 
heirloom of every family.— Selected. 
-■*—*- 
HINTS TO MINISTEKS. 
Expect much, and much will be given. Souls 
are perishing every day; and onr own entrance 
into eternity can not be far distant. Let us, like 
Mary, do what we can, and no doubt God will bless 
it, and reward ns openly. 
Seek to be lamb-like; without this all yonr ef¬ 
forts to do good to others will be as sounding 
brass, or a tinkling cymbal. 
Get much of the hidden life in yonr own soul; 
soon it will make life spread around. 
Never forget that the end of a sermon is the sal¬ 
vation of the people. 
“Cleave to the Lord;” not to man, but to the 
Lord. 
Do not fear the face of man. Remember how- 
small their anger will appear in eternity. 
O, fight hard against sin and the devil. The 
devil never sleeps; he ye also active for good. 
But an inch of time remains, and the eternal 
ages roll on forever; but an inch on which we 
stand and preach the way of salvation to the per¬ 
ishing world. 
It is not great talents God blesses, so much as 
great likeness to Jesus. A holy minister is an 
awful weapon in the hand of God.— Selected. 
—-- +-*-+• - 
While Israel marched through the wilderness, 
the blackest night had a pillar of fire; and the 
brightest day ft pillar of cloud. So in this world, 
things never go so well with God's Israel, but they 
have still something to groan under; nor so ill, 
hat they have still comfort to be thankful for. In 
the church militant, as in the ark of old, there are 
both a rod and a pot of manna. 
-- • » 
Many men pass fifty or sixty years in the world, 
and when they are just about going out of it, they 
bethink themselves and step back, as it were, to do 
something which they had all the while forgot, 
viz.:— The main business for which they came into 
the world, to repent of their sins, and reform their 
lives, and make their pence with God, and in time 
prepare for eternity.— Tillotson. 
-- 
A sense of God’s presence in love, is sufficient 
to rebnke all anxiety and fears in the worst and 
most dreadful condition. 
