|{r= 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER, 
JULY 25. 
ing their land as far as possible from the contin- deeply, and, coming in contact with the cold par- 
genoyof the seasons. They begin to sec that in tides of earth, is robbed of its moisture in tho 
order to mate the capital already iuvested in their same manner. 
land more pioduotive, it is necessary to put more Those tender plants of corn and potatoes are 
capital with it. Some have even made the import- composed of a large portion of water. Break that, 
ant discovery that they can make more money crust, then—srir the soil with the boe—cultivate, 
by improving their own land at home than by in- and give your young plaats an opportunity to 
vesting in Western lands, or loaning their money drink in the food that is as necessary for their 
at extravagant rates of interest. growth as are the corn and hay you feed your cat- 
Great improvements have been made during the tie and horses. Those large weeds are composed, 
last ten years in all kinds of stock. But has there also, (in the early stages of their growth,) of a 
been a corresponding improvement in feeding, or large portion of water. Cultivate, then—hoc; them 
preparingthemformarket. Wefcaroot, Inthatrc- up, root and branch, and don't let them rob your 
spect, we are no further advanced than we were fifty plants of their rightful food, “Ah I but they shade 
years ago. In that, improvement has stood still, the ground, and keep the sun, this hot weather, 
We mow onr grass and dryit, anditiaput into the from drying it up.” Do they, Indeed? Take the 
barn as hay, and in that dry condition is fed out hoe, and dig up the earth among them. See how 
to our stock during the long cold winter. To dry it is; dig deeper. See it is dry several inches 
the hay we add Btalks and straw, and unless to this deep. “They keep the ground from drying?”— 
be added some grain, the condition of the animal Nonsense, again, man! They have kept the air 
is rarely as good in the spring as the preceding from penetrating the Boil, and have drank np what 
autumn when it came to tho yard. Half of the 
year it has stood still iu its growth or retrograded, 
and at the same time we have been at the most 
trouble and expense on its account. Here, then, 
is a most important point to commence improve¬ 
ment, and it is to this more than any other that 
attention should he drawn, and progress made.— 
We turn our animals out to graze in the spring 
and they will fatten upon the herbage wbich they 
consume in the field. Bat that same herbage, 
dried and fed to them in the winter will by no means 
keep them in the same thrifty condition. The rea¬ 
son is so obvious that, its rather a matter of sur¬ 
prise that farmers have bo long neglected to avail 
themselves of its suggestion. We have only to 
place the dried herbage in the same condition of 
the green, or as nearly so as possible, to obtain to 
the best possible advantage all its nutritive pro¬ 
perties. This can he done in the most perfect 
manner only by cutting and cooking. In this 
mode by a little more labor farmers can nearly or 
quite double their winter forage. 
Fortunately we are not without examples on 
this subject. In England and Scotland, within the 
last three years, the practice has been, among some 
of the most successful farmers, to cut and cook all 
the feed for their horses and cattle. In Holland 
the practice has been common for nearly a centu¬ 
ry to cut and cook the food for their cattle, es¬ 
pecially their cows. In neither country, however, 
does the necessity so strongly exist as here. Their 
winters aro shorter and milder, and they can keep 
and feed to a much better advantage than onr far¬ 
mers, roots and other succulent food. 
When to cut and how to cook we propose to 
consider in another article.—p. 
ljttl© moisture there was in it, and your plants are 
starving for want of food. 
A good old divine, upon being asked by his pa¬ 
rishioners when they should prune their orchards, 
answered, that they should do it when their tools 
were sharp—thus intimating that it made hut lit¬ 
tle dilference at what season of the year it was 
done, if it was only doue, and well done. Rut in 
breaking the crust and destroying the weeds, I 
would say, do it just before they get started, and 
then your tools wont need to be very sharp. “A 
stitch in time saves nine.” C. C. Wilson. 
Newfane, Niagara Co., N. Y. 
-■ 4 —*"- 
CULTIVATION OF ROOTS. 
We have always succeeded very well in the cul¬ 
tivation of roots, especially the different varieties 
PROGRESS. 
A great deal is said in these days about the 
wonderful improvements of the age. Progress, 
progress, is the eternal cry. We boastof the inven¬ 
tive genius of the times, and point to the telegraph, 
to the application of steam power to a thousand 
purposes, and to the varions machinery of modern 
contrivance for carrying on agriculture, Ac., in 
evidence, and strut and swell about, exclaiming, 
“Wo are a great people—this is a great age!” 
Boasting is not excluded from our thoughts, what¬ 
ever else may be. And though prices of farm 
produce constantly advance in the world's market, 
under the law of supply and demand, and Ameri¬ 
can farmers sustain an estimated loss of one hun¬ 
dred millions of dollars in a Bingle season, from 
lack of fodder, and the complaint of shortened 
yields —as compared with a period fifteen or 
twenty years anterior—is almost universal in the 
older agricultural districts, yet it is all the same. 
What a great people we are—what a great age this 
is—what benighted and unmitigated fogies onr 
fathers wore, is the almost universal shout. And 
so proud and conceited are we getting, as a nation, 
that there would hardly be any abatement of onr 
bragging should we fail, os fail we may, with all 
onr much lauded improvements, to draw from 
mother earth a supply of the commonest necessa¬ 
ries, to keep souls aud bodies together. 
For one, I am getting sick of the very word 
which heads this article. It would seem, in our 
race for material advancement, we have forgotten 
that contentment is great gain; and arc fast losing 
sight of the truth in natural as well as spiritual 
affairs, that “ Paul tnay plant, and Apollos water, 
but God alone giveth the increase.” Are wo not 
magnifying the creature s wisdom and works, which 
are folly and foolishness, about wbich we should 
Until Uotfs ant) ffm 
Cflmnumratioits. 
A SUGGESTIVE MANURE THEORY. 
Mr. Moore: —A “Subscriber,” in a recent issue 
of the Bubal, desires to know bow clover enriches 
the soil. Allow me to state a theory first advanced 
by Dr. Baldwin, of Va., and which is gaining con¬ 
siderable ground in the Valley of Virginia. Dr. 
Baldwin points the practical fanner to that great 
principle in Nature which rots any substance 
when plaoed in the peculiar position of a damp, 
close, dark locality. Fresh manure becomes strong¬ 
er and moat enriching when piled up In such a 
locality. Any decomposable substance will rot 
directly when exposed in such a position; wood 
will decay directly; floors that have no opening 
for the circulation of air rot in a ah art time; even 
the hardest burnt clay becomes mellow, changed 
in consistency, in color and in fertilizing proper¬ 
ties when shaded in a dark, close, damp position 
The Dr. argues that there is no manure but the 
residue of putrefaction— that while plaster and 
chemical substances may act in some way as stim¬ 
ulants to plants, yet nothing but that which has 
undergone the putrefactive process can make 
plants grow in an exhausted soil. He argues from 
the above faots that the Boil itself is capable of 
undergoing a process similar to the rotting pro¬ 
cess, by being shaded or covered with straw or 
clover which produces the densest covering of all 
grasses, and that it itself becomes enriched, and 
changed in consistency and color. 
These are facts, of the truth of which any one 
can satisfy himself by experiment The writer of 
this is cognizant of such experiments, and finds he 
can improve his land in a cheaper and more rapid 
way than in any yet advised by science. 
A Va. Subscriber. 
STIRRING THE BOIL IN DRY WEATHER. 
Too much cannot be said of the importance of 
frequently Btirring the soil, especially after such a 
rainy season as has been the present (until very 
recently.) And now we are likely to have it as 
much too dry as it has been too wet. MOBt Boils 
are packed very hard by the heavy rains, and a 
thick and almost impenetrable ernst is formed on 
the surface, which entirely excludes the atmos¬ 
phere. This crust should be broken with the culti¬ 
vator, to let the air penetrate the soil “Oh, but,” 
Bays une, “that will dryit out the more.'' Not so, 
my iriend. Look at that field of potatoes, planted 
before that heavy rain storm; they are Just now 
beginning to come up, aud bard work they have 
of it, too. Hitch the horse to the cultivator, and 
drive him through. If the rows are too small to 
be seen, put one of the boys on the horse, aud he 
will keep him straight. See! the ground is per¬ 
fectly dry two or three inches deep, and It is as 
much as old Tom can do to draw the cultivator 
through it; but keep it moving two or three days, 
and it will be moiBt almost to the surface. Stir¬ 
ring the soil, and giving the air a chance to pene¬ 
trate, will make it dryer, will it? 
Look at that pitcher of water on the table; it is 
such hot weather that it sweats, as you say. But 
reason a moment. Those large drops of water 
sweat out of, or through the pitcher! Nonsense, 
naan, “now came they there, then!” They were 
collected from the atmosphere, as dry as it appears 
to be. That pitcher is filled with cold water, jnst 
from the well. The moisture of the atmosphere is 
condensed upon coming in contact with tho cold 
Hurface of the pitcher, and forms in drops on the 
outside, and runs down upon tho table. Now, 
breaking that hard crust and stirring the soil fre¬ 
quently gives tho air a chanoe to penetrate more 
of turnips. As you gave Mr. Wood’s statement of 8a y ^ tiling , and withholding honor from Him who 
success iu root culture afewweek’Bgince,I thought * s ’ and g bould reverentij be held the “ All iu all?’ t 
I would give a few words in regard to the manner I* not ' tendency ot modern “progress ” infidel- 
of their culture, for the benefit of any who have *° ar ^> ’ n <bat 60 palpably magnifies and extols 
never grown them. the cr8rt1ure intellc ' et abo ™ ftnd l, e>'ond the Great 
The best soil I have ever tried for the turnip is Author of that intellect, and leads men, in their self 
a well-drained, moist, clay loam. While a super- conceit reliance upon imman inventions, to 
abundance of water will hinder their growth, too impiously defy the seasons and the Author of them, 
dry a soil will allow the enemies of the turnip too * n tbe production ol crops, 
much time for their depredations. The turnip Tbal tbero aro mail Y labor-saving inventions, is 
should be grown quickly—it cannot grow too rap- not to , denied; but that they minister to real, 
idly—and the larger, if rnta-baga or Swedish, the actmU progress, m anything in which it is worth 
better tho quality. To this end, turnip ground wbi I e for immortal creatures to advance, is not so 
should be heavily fertilized with manure made es- a PP areDt - Admit that a given amount of labor 
peclallyfor this object, free from foal seeds of any accomplish more than it would a quarter of a 
sort. The scrapings of the yard where cows are centur Y 8 R°> Y et with the noise aud mad excite- 
milked in summer, is of tbe very best quality for raer ff connected with this glorifying the age, and 
this purpose. The laborious tending of this crop, deifying human wisdom, there has been a great 
which prevents so many from engaging in its cnl- multiplication of wants on tbe part of tho people, 
turn, may be in this manner nenrly or quite pre- so that we are no better satisfied, and not as happy, 
vented. Last year we plowed about one-fifth of 80 far concerns this life; and I fear have less 
an acre of green sward, where cows had been reason to hope in regard to the next, than had our 
yarded for several years, and after dragging thor- ancestors, who thought aud talked less of their 
oughly, we sowed broad-east with the red-top, own prowess, than of tho beneficence of the Great 
stubble turnip. The product was highly remnner- Father of all, and the need of his blessing upon 
atlve, even for onr share, after deducting a large husbandmans labors. 
quantity stolen by hoys, or given to friends. At p Without denying, therefore, tliat a certain sec- 
another time we sowed about one-eighth acre with ondary value and importance may attach to mod- 
White Norfolk after manuring as above—tbe pro- 8rn inventions, it cannot be amiss, at tho same 
dnet was large and sold for twenty-five dollars, or time, to deplore that strange depravity which 
from twelve and a half to fifty cents per bushel. Intida and glorifies the more human intellect from 
Mr.-, of Corning, N. Y., always grows a crop which they emanate,and has no praise or thanks 
of the Red Top Stubble Turnip after his Early June for the Great Author of that intellect, and Giver 
Potatoes are marketed. He has not for years fail- ot all Good. w. B. p. 
ed to raise a good crop, and they sell readily in Prattsburgb, N. Y , 1867. 
the neighboring village for twenty-five cents per 
bushel. In this manner be growB two crops of 
roots in one year from the same ground. Any 
farmer may do this where he raises early potatoes 
for family use. 
Tbe great cause of failure in growing roots lies 
in not manuring plentifully enough. They should 
be kept growing so rapidly as to be at anytime 
brittle, sneculentand easily broken with the hands. 
It, is not a bad sign when they burst or crack open, 
but vi ben they grow woody, stringy and tongli they 
are of little value. 
Many farmers consider it too late to grow tur¬ 
nips after the first of August; but this is not true, 
for wc have grown fine ones sown after the first of 
September. Tn England they are extensively 
TAKE CARE 
THE BIRDS. 
Genial atmospheres have brought the woodland 
songsters to gladden us with their happy notes. 
Their music, however, is not the only benefit we 
derive from them. No sooner do they arrive than 
they begin a wur of extermination against the 
whole insect tribe that inhabit both the air mid 
the earth. Were it not for the aid the birds give 
us in destroying worms, bugs, Ac., we would soon 
be infested with such swarms of them that no 
plant would escape their ravages; yet wc see boys, 
and oven inen with guns, clubs and stones, shoot¬ 
ing and pelting the poor birds without mercy. 
OnoBcaroely dare open ita mouth to sing, or alight 
to make a dinner of a worm, or bug, without suf- 
Jno. Sanfield. 
grown niter grass and barley crops—hence the fering severely for it. To such an extent have 
name stubble turnip. Jno. Sanfield. these belligerent characters gone, that in many 
Illinois, July 14, 1857. ^ States, legislators have had to enact laws to pro- 
CUTTING OFF COWS TEATS tect birds; still many boys pay no regard to law, 
_ ' ransacking the grovCB and woods, robbing birds’ 
It is a very common thing for cows to have one nes '' 8 and killing birds, till some species of the 
or two supernumerary teats, on the udder, jnst fathered tribes in certain districts have been al- 
behind tbe four teats, from which tho milk 1« m0H ^ exterminated. I he bird-killing and nest- 
CUTTING OFF COWS TEATS. 
It is a very common thing for cows to have one 
or two supernumerary teats, on the udder, jnst 
behind the four teats, from which the milk is 
drawn. These small teats arc often very inconve- 
drawn. These small teats are often very inconve* destroying boy may ask, “ are there, notsome birds 
nient and troublesome In milking, on account of 1 ma Y WU?”—they destroy our apples, steal our 
their diminutive size and length; and they are 
often so near the other teats that when a calf is 
sucking it will draw milk from both tbe large and 
the small ones; and then, after the calf Is weaned, 
if the small teats are not milked, there i» a tend¬ 
ency to inflammation of the odder. Four teats 
are enough for any cow: arn that, is the usual 
number for cows—although we have seen Bix well 
developed teats on tbe udder of a cow, the hind- 
errnost ones being quite as large as tho foremost 
ones. And, since & cow will give no more milk 
from five or six teats, than from four, they had 
better, by far, be off the udder than on it. 
I have a young cow that bad five teats on her 
udder, the fifth one being so close to the others 
as to bo very inconvenient abont milking. The 
calf would suck it, and it soon became nearly as 
long as the others. With no little hesitancy and 
doubt, we ventured to try an experiment iu cut¬ 
ting it off. About tbe first of May last, we tied tho 
legs of the cow, and then put a piece of common 
bonnet wire around the teat, and with the pliers 
twisted tbe ends firmly together, so that the wire 
seemed burit-d in the teat It was twisted up bo 
tightly as to stop, almost entirely, all circulation 
of blood. Tbe wire was put on about one-fourth 
of an Inch from the udder. The wire was annealed 
before using, by allowing it to become red hot in 
the fire when the fire Is about to go out, and to be¬ 
come cool, very gradually, as tbe fire disappears. 
This process makes it, very tough, so that it cun bo 
well twisted. After the wire bad been on abont 
fifty days, the teat dropped off) and gave us no 
more trouble. The wire never produced any in¬ 
flammation; and the issue of the teat, which we 
feared might not be well closed after the teat was 
cut off; is completely healed over. 
B. Edwards Todd. 
Labe Ridge, Tompkins Co., N. Y., July, 1867. 
cherries, and bore holes in our trees; surely they 
ought to die. No yon should not kill them; you 
know not how many cherries they have saved for 
you, or how many upple-trceB they have preserved 
from the ravages of some insect. They are only 
getting pay for work previously done for you; and 
when you plant your apple and cherry trees, you 
should remember tho birds, and plant for them. 
Among the most, Industrious of our birds is tbe 
wood-pecker. Although be takes blB fnll share of 
fruit, yet he is a good worker, and shonbl be well 
paid for his services. When you see him boring 
holes in your trees, it is not to destroy them, but 
to take out some insect that is burrowing in the 
hark, and he can do it with much less damage to 
the tree itb his long bill and barbed tongue, 
than you can. Much better would It, be to entice 
tbe birds to stay around you, build their nests and 
raise their young, than to drive them away. Their 
“matin songs” aud “ vesper hymns” would amply 
repay yon, if you received no other reward.— 
Make it a rule never to kill a bird only for food, 
and then only iu the season, when they are not 
raising their young. If every one would do this, 
the farmer would complain less of the worm and 
bug destroying the graiD, and consequently raise 
better crops. 
Iiloonilugiiule, link, 1857. 
Ornithology. 
Buying IIorbes by the Pound. —At Cincin¬ 
nati, tbe other day, Gen. Johnson, of Mt» Stirling, 
Ky., wished to buy a pair ot horses for which tho 
owner asked $370, but which tbe General thought 
too much, as they were noi heavy enough. The 
owner declared they were heavier than they ap¬ 
peared, when tho General offered 1C contB a pound 
for them, which was acoepted. Tho horses were 
taken to an adjacent bay scale, and weighed 2,350 
making their value $370. A close calculation. 
The National Trial of Harvesting Ma¬ 
chines waB concluded on Monday last—occupying 
about one week, instead of two or more as we 
thought, and announced as its probable duration. 
The principal reason for this comparatively early 
termination of a very interesting, and to the Offi¬ 
cers and Committee most laborious Trial, is tbe 
fact that of the ninety-three contemplated entries, 
of which the Society were notified in advance, 
only about forty were made when the period arriv¬ 
ed for the contest. Of these, 14 machines were 
entered as Mowers, 10 as Reapers, and 15 as Com¬ 
bined Mowers and Reapers. Some ten of these 
were entered in two or more classes, thus reducing 
the number of different machines operated to 
about, thirty. This is a goodly number, and as 
they were from varions sections of the Union, the 
Trial may appropriately be termed National. 
From what we have witnessed and learned on 
reliable authority in regard to this Trial, we are 
of tbe opinion that it was in the main condacted 
in a manner highly creditable to the Society and 
the able Committee having it in charge, and that 
it. will be productive of eminently beneficial results 
to the agricultural community. This opinion is 
based upon a knowledge of the coarse adopted by 
tho Committee in testing tbe comparative merits 
of the varions machines. In order to obtain defi¬ 
nite and detailed information, from which to 
arrive at jnst and impartial conclusions, the Com¬ 
mittee was divided into nine Bub-Committees, 
each taking charge of and noting facts i n a specific 
department. To give the reader an idea of this 
plan, we subjoin a summary of the divisions, and 
the substance of their duties: 
No. 1—Committee on weight and price of ma¬ 
chines; to weigh each machine and ascertain 
price — also expense of any extras. No. 2— Com. 
on dimensions of varions parts of machines. 
No. 3—On various parts of machine, mechanically 
considered. No. 4—On construction and compara¬ 
tive advantages as a whole. No. 5—On quality of 
work; required to note by numbers — 30 being 
best work of scythe, 40 perfect and 20 poorest ma¬ 
chine work, and hence figures ranging from 20 to 
40. To examine also whether grass was cut or 
pinched off, or pulled up. No. G—On stubble; to 
measure stubble in ten different places on lot cat 
by each machine, and compare and note result. 
No. 7 —Ou dynamometer; to test direct and side 
draft of machines, Ac. No. 8—On grasses; to as¬ 
certain proportion of each kind of grass cut by 
the several machines. No. 9—On time; to ascer¬ 
tain time occupied by each maohino iu cutting 
equal amount; also time consumed in detentions, 
and causes. The Committee then adopted a scale 
ol' 100 poiuts, to be decided by the reports of tbe 
sub-committees, so that awards will be determined 
by collating the notes and figures of the nine com¬ 
mittees. It seems to us that the final result must 
be eminently fair aud impartial, as nothiug is left 
to individual preferences or prejudices in making 
the awards. 
The Result of tbe Trial—embodied in a detailed 
Report by the Committee—will not be publicly 
announced until tbe Annual Fair of the U. S. Ag. 
Society, to be held at Louisville in September.— 
Meantime further remarks relative to the probable 
awards, would be unsatisfactory, if not entirely 
speculative. We also defer any discussion as to 
tho comparative merits and advantages of the 
several machines tested—preferring to give, at the 
proper time, tbe conclusions arrived at by the able 
and experienced Judges, with tbe facta andfigures 
upou which their decisions are based. 
The attendance at the Trial was not large, the 
busy season precluding many from being present. 
This was favorable, however, for had there been 
a crowd of spectators, tho Triat would have been 
impeded and prolonged. The occasion, however, 
brought together many distinguished men and 
prominent agriculturists from various psrts of the 
Union. Dissatisfaction was expressed at tho di&' 
play made at the opening of tho Trial—and espe¬ 
cially at the parade of artillery and firing of can¬ 
non on tbe arrival of tbe procession of working 
teams and machines. This was certainly more 
pomp and show than was desirable on such an 
occasion, and it is fortunate thatserions accidents 
did not occur. We have, however, it affords us 
pleasure to add, the best authority for stating that 
Mr. President Wilder and the Committee, pro¬ 
tested against the empty show, and were not cog¬ 
nizant of the presence of cannon, until the firing 
commenced us the cavalcade of officers and 
spectators reached the grounds. 
— Iu conclusion, we are constrained to express 
the belief that the U. 8. Ag, Society will accom¬ 
plish more for the benefit of the farming commu¬ 
nity by this Trial, than at any former exhibition— 
and we my this the more cheerfully because wc 
have heretofore had occasion to criticise some of 
its proceedings. The Officers ot the Society, the 
Judges and Competitors, certainly made zealous 
efforts to conduct the Trial In such a manner as to 
render its conclusions reliable and satisfactory— 
and if Buch does not prove to be the result^ we are 
confident the intentions of tho parties enumerated 
will not be realized. The worthy and indefatiga¬ 
ble President, Hon. Marshall P. Wilder, Mr. 
Secretary Poore (who is only poor in nomencla¬ 
ture, by the way,) and Messrs. Gould and Howard 
of tbe Committee, are entitled to our thanks for 
information relative to the Trial. 
■ — ■ • » ■ ■ 
Fresh Corn the Year Round.— Mr. Daniel 
Rowe, of Lancaster, Pa., has invented and patent¬ 
ed a plan for providing green corn for the table 
the year round. He plucks green corn, and with¬ 
out depriving it of its milky juice or taste, keeps 
it in a state of freshness and preservation, ready 
for boiling at any season. Ills process Is describ¬ 
ed In bis claim:—" What I claim as my discovery 
and invention is tbe new art and process of pre¬ 
serving green corn iu the ear, by extracting the 
pith or heart of the cob and seasoning and dryiug 
tbe inside of the cob as rapidly as the outside, for 
preserving tbe virtues and juice of the grain and 
preventing the collection of mould or corrupiion, 
as herein described, and for the purposes set 
forth.” A Lancaster paper sayH Mr. Howe is pre¬ 
paring convenient machines, not linger than those 
used for paring apples, by which every house¬ 
keeper can, in one evening, prepare ten or fifteen 
bushels of corn for his own use. 
The Wheat Midge. —According to our present 
information and advices from different localities 
hereabouts, we have reason to believe tbe Midge, 
will not prove as destructive to the Wheat Crop of 
Western New York as has been anticipated. Du¬ 
ring the past week wo have examined several 
wheat fields in this section which were but slightly 
affected by tho insect, and will yield well. Recent 
reports from different localities of this and other 
counties are, however, conflicting—some stating 
that the crop is not worth harvesting, while others 
think the ravages of the midge not as general or 
extensive as has been supposed, and cite instances 
of almost entire escape from its attack. Of course, 
with Buch various reports, we aie unable to arrive 
at any satisfactory conclusion as to the result, but 
arc constrained to express the opinion—though 
wc confess that hope is a stiong element of the 
belief upon wbich it is baHed—that the crop 
will yield a fair average in many localities of this 
region, and that iu others the deterioration will be 
less than has been feared and reported. Yet we 
may be mistaken, and must admit that no opinion 
other than a problematical one can be given at 
present. Tbe matter can only be determined by 
harvesting and threshing tbe crop, and we sin¬ 
cerely hope those operations will decide it favora¬ 
bly for producers. 
A Good Horse.— The New York Spirit of the 
Times gives the following characteristics of a 
good horse:—1. His eyes, even when seen in the 
stable, are perfectly clear and transparent, and tho 
pupils or apples of the eyes are alike in color and 
size. 2. On being nipped in the gullet, he will ut¬ 
ter a sound liko that from a bellows. If, on the 
oontrary, he Bbould give vent to a dry, husky, short 
cough, beware of him. His wind is unsound.— 
3. His legs aro smooth and “ clean.” If you find 
bunches or puffs, or a diflbrence in size, though he 
may not be lame, disease lurks there. 4. If broad 
and full between the eyes, be is susceptible of be¬ 
ing trained to almost anything. 5. If some white 
or parti-colored, he is dociio and gentle. 
-- 
American Institute — TVrntyMinth Annual 
Fair. —We have received from the Secretary, John 
W. Chambers, Esq., the “ List of Grain Premiums” 
for the Annual Exhibition at the Crystal Palace, 
New York, commencing September 15th. The 
Premiums number twenty-six—silver cups or 
medals—and range In value from $20 to $5. Com¬ 
petitors are required to fuinish a statement of “ the 
quantity of land cultivated, the quantity aud quali¬ 
ty of manure applied, the previous crop grown, ex¬ 
pense of cultivation and amount of crop raised.” 
Sale of Short Horns. — We learn that Mr. 
Edwin Smith, of Clinton, Mich., (who, not long 
since, purchased “Duke” of Mr. Marks, for the 
Northern Lenawee Co. Stock Company.) has re¬ 
cently purchased of Messrs. Sly A Sons, of Ply¬ 
mouth, Mich., the prize heifers Bellflower 3d and 
Red Jacket 2d. Also some grade animals. At 
the same time S. W. Palmer, of Norvell, Jackson 
Co., Mich., purchased White Jacket 2d, also bred 
by Messrs. Sly A Sons — and Mr. Tnos. Briggs 
purchased of the same, Lady Wellington 2d. 
Black Hawk Morgan, a well known Morgan 
stallion sired by Mr. Hill's original Black Hawk, 
died at Claremont, N. II., a few days since, at the 
age of ten years. He. was the property of Mr. A. 
B. Atherton, and esteemed one of the best colts 
ever got by old Black Hawk—strongly resembling 
his sire in color, form, speed, gait, and disposition. 
Ilia owner declined au offer of $2,000 for this horse 
only a week before his death. He leaves several 
colts in Claremont and vicinity, all of which are 
held at high figures. 
feting lUtralist. 
THE YOUTH AT AG’L FAIRS. 
All the farmer’s sons should attend the Agri¬ 
cultural Fairs, not as too many attend them to “ have 
a good time,” but to see and learn. To see what 
fine stock and grain, and what beautiful fruit and 
flowers eau bo raised by skill and care; see what 
others have doue, and resolve that you will, at 
least, equal the best, and If possible excel all, as 
soon os you commence farming on your own ac¬ 
count. Officers of agricultural societies should 
offer premiums lor fruit, vegetables and roortind 
other such crops raised by tho boys. Every farm¬ 
er would be willing to give his son an acre or 
two of ground, and on this he could raise carrots, 
beets, turnips, ruta bagas and many other things, 
and, perhaps, beat tbe older farmers. It is too late 
to do much abont this thing the present season; 
but let every boy that has grown any crops, make 
an exhibition, and when the next premium lists 
are made out, we hope a separate list of premiums 
will be offered to the boys. 
-- m 
THE FARMERS* GIRLS. 
Eds, Rural:— While perusing the pages of your 
paper a few evenings since, my eye chanced to rest 
upon a column headed “ The Young lluralist ,” 
and 1 was pleased to find that you had devoted 
thus much of.your valuable puper to our special 
care. But I found as I advauccd that the column 
lor the farmer boys had aroused a feeling of en¬ 
terprise In the minds of some " wide awuke girls” 
out west, so that they too wished for some small 
nook or corner wherein to express their sentiments 
in rogard to the things incidental to the farmer’s 
life. Now, bir, T, lor one, would wish that this fa¬ 
vor be granted them. For ’tis these enterprising 
girls that wo wish to bcur from—those that can 
rake hay, milk the cows, work in tho garden, and 
bo a lady withal, for who in ohosing for a wife 
would pick tho sickly, farm-despising flirt, while 
the ruddy, healthful, rose-tinted lovers of the open 
air were in existence? And besides, sir, in grant¬ 
ing them tbe favor, and giving them a chance of 
inserting tho productions of then - pens in youi 
paper, it will awaken them from the lit of slumber 
into which they have fallen in time, 1 hat they may 
show to the world the angelic purity of the farm¬ 
er’s life, and thus porhapH influence our “ Indies,” as 
they are now called, so that they may ere long de¬ 
sire to wear the garb of the farmer girl, instead of 
striving to captivate the mind of man by putting 
on coquettish airs and l’aoes of deceit.—S. K. G., 
Vnmt, July, 1857. 
