MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER 
The young shoots are loDg and slender, the bark 
reddish brown, the leaves small, with very long, 
slender leaf stalks. This, although a moderate 
grower, with all the varieties named, succeedswell 
on the quince. 
In the market, blackberries and whortleberries 
constitute our supply of small fruits. 
countenance it in any way. Our opinion was ex¬ 
pressed by a correspondent in the Rural for April 
4tb, and in the number for August 15th, we gave 
our viewB of the manner in which a new fruit 
claiming public favor should be tested and intro¬ 
duced to public notice. 
Eds. Rural:— Several articles have appeared in 
the Rural within the past six months relative to 
the preservation of young fruit trees from the 
ravages of mice in the winter while the ground is 
covered with snow, and from the depredations of 
the grub-worms in the spring and summer. This 
town, which has the reputation of having added 
her mite to the list of good fruit, has snffered 
largely and disconragiogly from the above named 
pests. Thousands of trees have been destroyed, 
and thousands less have been planted were not 
tbeir destruction so certain. Being interested in 
the cult ivation of good fruit (if not for myself) that 
will be a olessing to future generations, I have be¬ 
stowed considerable thought as to the method of 
preserving the trees sound and healthy. The sub¬ 
ject is of great importance, and no plausible means 
should be left untried whereby we may prevent 
their destruction. Different plans have been men¬ 
tioned, which, to a certain extent, are beneficiaL 
Yon will, therefore, permit me to add one other to 
the list, which, so far as the mice are concerned, 
will prove an effectual barrier. To protect the 
trees from mice, first clear away all rubbish from 
the trees, then take drain tile, say two or three 
inch , according to the size of the trees, and before 
the fall of snow place them in pairs around the 
trees, sinking them into the ground about one 
inch, and fasten them together near the top with a 
fine wire. 
As the eggs from which the grubs are produced 
are deposited near or below the surface of the 
ground in the months of May or June, 1 wonld pre¬ 
vious to that time, fill the tile with dirt, which will 
not injure tho trees, and remove them so soon as 
the safety of the trees will permit, and examine 
carefully from time to time the body of the trees 
instead of the roots, which is certainly gaining 
some advantage over the enemy.—L. M., East 
Bloomfield, 1857. 
Remarks.—I t will soon be time to prepare for 
winter, and for fe.irthe subject mighteseape atten¬ 
tion at the time, we give two plans for preserving 
trees from mice. The one above, and the one we 
gave last week, strike us very favorably. They 
are cheap, of little trouble, and will undoubtedly 
prove effectual. Let them be remembered. 
A Prussian correspondent of the Mining Jour¬ 
nal, puolished in London, expresses surprise that 
some of tbe capitalists in England do not tarn 
their attention to paddling pig steel, which in 
Prussia is making rapid strides. Puddling both 
iron and steel with gas, is very general in Prussia. 
In some instances the gaa is obtained from the 
blast furnace, but in most cases it is generated to 
each furnace; dry wood, charcoal, lignite and 
turf, are employed as fuel. At one of the iron 
works where wood is used for gas, the charges are 
eight hundred weight of white mottled iron for 
each furnace, bring out twenty to twenty-one tuna 
of puddled bars per week, at a loss of only four 
or five per cent, and with a consumption of four 
cubic feet of timber per hundred weight of pud¬ 
dled bars. At another establishment, they charge 
with tea hundred weight of grey pig, and bring 
out the charge in two and one-half hours with 
8.70 cubic feet of wood per hundred weight of 
puddled bars. A large rolliDg-mill iB arranged to 
puddled steel with gas from iron lignite, to be 
converted into railway wheels and tires, for which 
there is an increasing demand; these are forged 
under the hammer to nearly the required form, 
and then passed through a pair of rolls to finish 
them. A preparation of pig iron, of the follow¬ 
ing character, is found to possess some excellent 
qualities:—A small quantity of common salt—say 
one and a half to two per cent.—is introduced into 
coke ovensi, along with the small coals; the salt 
removes the sulphur from the coke, and hence the 
iron made with this coke in the blast furnace is 
materially improved. Bars made from this iron 
have broken like crown iron, and it makes capital 
rails. All such processes tend to bring the manu¬ 
facture of this important metal to a continually 
higher degree of perfection. 
At the time of writing (Aug. 24th) the weather 
is cold and wet. Fruits are ripening very slowly, 
and the farmers are talking very seriously of rot¬ 
ten potatoes; indeed, signs of tho rot were appa¬ 
rent in many fields we visited the past week. 
Since our last report the following varieties of 
pears have ripened ; 
English Jargonelle, a long, medium sized 
pear this year, tbongh generally large, of a green¬ 
ish yellow color, and generally with a dull, brown¬ 
ish cheek. The flesh is rather coarse, and it 
cannot be called of first rate flavor, yet it has a 
juiciness and a pleasant sprightliness that we like 
very much. The tree is a strong grower. 
Ohio Pomological Society.— The Eighth Ses¬ 
sion of tbe Ohio Pomological Society is to be held 
at Cincinnati, aad commences on Monday, Septem¬ 
ber 14ib, continuing as many days or evenings ns 
may be desirable during the week of the Ohio 
State Fair. Packages of fruit designed for exhi¬ 
bition, may be sent to A. H. Ernst, Esq. Presi¬ 
dent, at the United States Hotel, Cincinnati. 
There are pleasures peculiar to the city, and 
only to be enjoyed in populous towns. There are 
also pleasures peculiar to the country to be enjoy¬ 
ed alone among green fields, and groves, and run¬ 
ning brooks. Then there are pleasures peculiar 
to suburban life, partaking somewhat of the char¬ 
acter, of both city and conntry, and uniting to 
some extent the pleasure of both. Many who have 
longed anxiously and for many yearB for conntry 
life, fail to realize their expectations, when cir¬ 
cumstances allow them to indulge their long cher¬ 
ished wishes, and they soon become disgusted 
with the country, and long to return to the town 
to engage again in bnsy city life. The same dis¬ 
appointment is felt by many who leave the conntry 
for the city. This disappointment results partly 
from a sudden change of habits and associations, 
from a want of adaptation to the peculiarities and 
requirements of the new mode of life, but princi¬ 
pally from a want of knowledge of the pleasures 
In the city, lectures, conceits, 
peculiar to each, 
theatres, meetings and evening parties, make up 
the pleasures of a great part of ira citizens. In a 
large city a person can manage to get along tol¬ 
erably well, and pass away the time without a 
home, without a library, without great, ennobling, 
soul-stirring thoughts—almost without a soul.— 
In the country the pleasures are home pleasures, 
heart joys, the pleasures oi thought. Miserable, or 
excessively stupid, must be that man who tries to 
get along in the country without a home, where 
the heart can warm and be wanned, make and be 
made happy; without books, in which he can con¬ 
verse with the great and the good, both living and 
dead; without a, love of nature in his soul, so that 
when alone with the trees, and the plants, and the 
flowers, he can look from Nature up to Nature’s 
God, and hold sweet communion with the children 
of the forest and the field. 
Disappointment results sometimes from too high 
expectations. Fruits and flowers do not iaBt all 
the year, nor doe3 the sun always shine in the 
conntry. Clouds and storms, sickness and death 
visit the pleasant vale, and the rugged mountain's 
top. 
Many attempt to do too much. They commence 
improvements that require a long time and a large 
amount of money to complete, and before the 
work is half done become discouraged. These 
remarks are only intended as prefatory to a series 
of practical articles on improving country homes. 
It would reailv seem that there is no limit to 
the mineral resources of this highly favored region, 
which but a very few years ago was an obscure 
province of Mexico, valuable only for its exports 
of dried hides. 
By the last 3teamer we received a letter from 
Jos. P. Paxson, of San Francisco, in which he in¬ 
forms us that within a few days there has been 
discovered 3 large bed of iron ore in Placer Co., 
and the specimens which he had examined seem¬ 
ed to be almost solid iron. 
11 It lies," says the Press, “ in vast quantities upon 
the surface of the earth, and an immense amount 
of it can be obtained with no further trouble than 
picking it up and loading it into wagons. It has 
been tested and fonnd to contain eighty-three per 
cent of pure iron. Mr. Lovell, of Auburn, the 
owner, ha3 commenced operations upon it. He 
j assed through town on Thursday last with two 
wagous loads of the ore destined for shipment to 
San Francisco. We understand that he has con¬ 
tracted for the delivery of a large amount of it to 
a San Francisco foundry. TbiB is indeed a most 
important accession to the list of our mineral re¬ 
sources; and should the railroad be extended to 
this place, so as to reduce the present high rates 
of transportation. Mr. Lovell's iron mine will be 
more valuable than any gold mine in the country.” 
The same paper asserts that Placer county is un¬ 
equalled by any other in the State, in the extent 
of her mining districts, the richness of her mines, 
or the variety of her minerals. In Green Valley, 
copper is found in abundance and in great purity 
all over the hill-sides. If this iron ore can be wot k- 
ed economically, it will be a most important addi¬ 
tion to the mineral wealth of the Golden State.— 
ScL American . 
skinless. 
Skinless Is rather small, pale yellow, with a 
slight tinge of red on the sunny side. Skin very 
thin, smooth and greenish yellow. Flesh (sweet 
and of fine flavor. The tree is an upright, free 
grower, and bears regularly large crops. It is 
usually ripe here about the first of August, but we 
are two weeks later than usual the present season. 
Osband’s Summer is a medium sized excellent 
fruit, of a mild and pleasant flavor. Tree a good 
bearer. 
Information Wanted—Eds. Rural: —Having 
been for several years a reader of your valuable 
journal, end wishing to make some inquiries, I 
avail myself of the liberty you allow your readers, 
and ask freely for information. 1. Can asparagus 
be raised from the seed, and what is tbe mode of 
cultivating? 2. What is the mode of cultivating 
and cooking celery? 3. What iB the best method 
of preparing cauliflowers for the table? 4. Which 
is the best time to cut runners from strawberry 
vines? 
Our apple crop is very heavy, better than for 
several years. Cherries, rather light The peach 
THE NEW CANADA WINE GRAPE 
Through the notice published in tbe Rural, 
considerabler-ttcntion seems to have beenattracted 
to what has becc called the “ Neio Canada H'aie 
Grape.'' We are not yet satisfied that is a new va¬ 
riety. We hope to see specimens both of the frnit 
and foliage this fail, end then we shall be able to 
give on opinion in regard to it Tn the meantime 
our correspondents seem determined to agitate 
the subject. 
Eds. Rural:— In looking over the pages of the 
Rural, I find a statement of a remarkable Grape 
Vine, which requires a little explanation in order 
that we, Americans, of Yankee inquisitiveness, may 
know and believe the truth of such statement. It 
is stated that a gallon of the fruit will make a gal¬ 
lon of wine, which Is Inconsistent without a state¬ 
ment of method of the manufacture, as tbe seeds 
and other fragments would measure something of 
course; and for the vine to . ield from three to 
five barrels of wine, (according to the statement,) 
would make the yield of the vine to be from twelve 
to eighteen bushels of fruit, which looks rather 
large. Perhaps our Canada friend will give us 
the desired explanation. — A. H., East Hamburgh, 
New York . 
Windmill Ships. —The Diario de la Marina states 
that Signor Car bis, of Cuba, proposes anew system 
of propelling by the building of windmills on tbe 
deck of his ships, with great wings, from which 
the motion is communicated to aide-wheels simi¬ 
lar to those of steamships. The models have been 
successfully worked; and it only remains to be 
seen whether the force of the wind will be sufficient 
when thus applied, to give vessels the velocity of 
ordinary sailing ships. I? this problem is satis¬ 
factorily solved, the Diario says it is evident that 
a windmill ship will be able to sail jus: as well 
because, it 
Ens>. Rural: — Since writing (to the Rubal) my 
account of the New Wine Grape, I have been con¬ 
stantly besieged by inquiries from different parts 
of the States and Canada. I am asked if I had any 
to sell, either plants or cuttings. My ptice. my 
manner of cultivation, Ae. Ac, Now, I will, if you 
will permit me, answer all of these inquiries through 
the same medium that they received the first, no¬ 
tice of it. I have no plants to sell; the few that I 
had are engaged. I might, however, supply 1,000 
cuttings for next year—forterms see advertisement 
in another column of this paper. Cultivate the 
same as any other grape, with this difference—do 
not prune it as much as other varieties, and con¬ 
sequently the roots must have more room and more 
manure, Ac.—T. C. Ku.rorn, Beamsville, C. HI 
with a contrary as with a fair wind 
being perfectly easy to alter the position of the 
wings, they may be always opposed to the wind, 
whatever direction it may blow from. The in¬ 
ventor has asked for the protection of a patent 
from the Cuban government; and, as soon as it is 
granted, he will commence to make his experi¬ 
ments upon a large scale. 
Discovery in Veneering. — A process of ve¬ 
neering by transfer is mentioned with approval 
in the French journals. The sheet of veneer or 
inlaying to he copied is to be exposed for 3 few 
I minutes to the vapor of hydrochloric acid. The 
sheet of veneer is then laid upon one of calico or 
paper, and an impression struck off by means of 
a common printing-press; this impression remains 
invisible until, as with many of the sympathetic 
inks, it is exposed to the action of heat, which is 
to be applied immediately after the sheet is print¬ 
ed off when a perfect impression of ail the marks, 
figures, and convoluted lines of the venec-r is in¬ 
stantaneously produced. This may he repeated 
for almost an indefinite number of times, wetting 
the veneer occasionally with the dilute acid, with¬ 
out the impression growing fainter. The designs 
thus produced, all exhibit a general wood-like 
tint, most natural when oak, walnut, maple, and 
the light-colored woods have been employed. 
PRESERVING- CORN AND PEAS 
Friend Moore:— In your journal of Ang. Stb, 
a correspondent wishes to know how to preserve 
peas and corn, fresh. The way I manage is this: 
—Boil your peas or corn on the cob, for fifteen 
minutes; then remove the grain and pat in your 
can, with sufficient boiling water to cover them.— 
Place in a kettle of boiling water for 30 minutes. 
Then drop a small piece of bacon fat in your can. 
Seal on the top; punch a small air hole in the cen¬ 
tre of the top, replace the can in the boiling water 
—let it remain 15 minutes and then dip it in a 
bucket of cold water, when the sides of the cans 
contract or draw in, close the air hole. This 
method will secure about two-thirds. I have tried 
all others and failed. 
For peaches or any fruit, omitting the fat, the 
above is a certain method. Of 76 cans put up, in 
1855,1 preserved all as fresh and good as when 
plucked from the tife. I use no sugar, thereby 
avoiding the danger of fermentation. 
Bath Co., Ky. 1S57. A. L. Ashly. 
Gathering Fruit. —Much fruit is injured every 
season, and its value lessened by carelessness in 
gathering. Fruit carefully gathered by hand will 
not only keep longer, but as it looks much better 
than when bruised by rough handling, will always 
sell more readily and tit a higher price. A little 
care and (neatness in selecting and putting up fruit 
for market is by no means labor lost. Any one 
wili.pay more for a neatly arranged basket of frnit 
than ior the same carelessly thrown together. A 
few decaying specimens will not only injnie the 
sale, hut often really injures and sometimes de¬ 
stroys the whole. 
Peabody's Nkw Hautisois Strawberry.—Eds. 
Rural: —Your paper contains an advertisement of 
Peabody's Hnutbois Strawberry. If half that is 
claimed for it is true, a numbor of persons in this 
place wonkl like to procure them, bat we dislike 
to be humbugged. If you know anything in rela¬ 
tion to this fruit, we wonld like very much to have 
the information. By giving it either through 
your paper or by letter, you will oblige, among 
others—S. B. Howei.l, Painted Post, lug . 18,1S57. 
Remarks.—I f wk believed one-half the good 
things that are said of this Strawberry, we would 
advise our correspondent and all others to pur¬ 
chase it at once. l ! aiortunately, we do not believe 
one-quarter that is told to be true. We have not 
seen it, nor have we conversed with any intelli¬ 
gent Pomologist that has seen it We are deci¬ 
dedly opposed to the manner in which it was 
disseminated. The whole thing looked to us very 
much like a humbug, and we therefore refused to 
Rivbnino Peaks. —Those who are growing pears 
should remember that all varieties are much better 
for being picked three or four days before they 
become ripe. When fit for picking tho fruit will 
be swollen and the skiu mooth and glossy, and 
on taking it in the hand and raising it up, it will 
separate readily from the tree. Tbe pears should 
be placed on a shelf or in a drawer in the house, 
and will ripen finely. By keepiug them in a cool 
place the ripening may be retarded. 
Breech-Loading Rifles.—a board of army 
officers is to assemble at West Point, New York, 
for the purpose of making trials of breech loading 
rifles, with a view to ascertain which arm of this 
description is best suited to the military service. 
The trials will commence on the 17th of Aagnst, 
1S57. AU persons intending to offer arms for trial 
are requested to notify the Colonel of Ordnance, 
in Washington, P. C„ giving a general description 
of the arm each may intend to present, and speci¬ 
fying the calibre, weight and length of barreL— 
Cartridges, or other ammunition’ suitable for the 
arm, should be brought with it. 
Preserving Fruit. — I wish to inquire if fruit 
put up in tin cans, air-tight, say cherries, plums, 
blackberries, grapes, strawberries, raspberries and 
peaches, will stand transportation without damage 
to the fruit, and how ought they to be put up? — 
O. Morse, Tijfiii , Ohio. 
Remarks.— Wo have described the process of 
putting up fruit in several of the past numbers of 
the Rural. When well put up they will bear trans¬ 
portation any distance. We cannot conceive that 
transportation will have any injurious effect unless 
they are taken to a very warm climate. 
The New York Horticultural Society holds 
its fall exhibition at Niblo’s Saloon, in New Y'ork 
City, September 29th and 30tb, and October 1st. A 
large and well arranged list of premiums is offered, 
and the exhibition is to close with a festival and 
concert. 
