NOV. 28. 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
385 
&ijf fftnitatnr. 
For Moore's Rural New-Vorkoi. 
IDLENESS.—EDUCATION. 
TnRRR is no denying t.he fact that Idleness ia 
one of the great ulna of the age. Times have Bad¬ 
ly changes aluce the days of our fathers; they 
labored hard while the rising generation, taken na 
a whole, deems intent upon gelling along without 
labor of any kind, mental or pliyaical. Who can 
fall to notice tha superficial nature of our school 
inatrnctiou, and how little it in calculated to make 
men lltted to fill the placf a of those who are con¬ 
stantly passing away? Our acholara can recount 
the wonders of Ancient History, and Bail smoothly 
over the Classics, but they are silent upon the fils 
tory of our own country, and their trail hark is 
ahipwreckod upon the smooth wuvea of tho Eng- 
liah Language. In former times when the helpa 
to Learning were so lew, scholars labored hard to 
Btore their minds with useful Knowledge, but In 
our day when every opportunity is afforded, they 
ouly labor to pass over the moat space in the easi¬ 
est manner, and become entirely unfit tor the prac¬ 
tical lifo of bUBlnesa men. And this disposition 
extends into every department of life. Part of 
tho world labor to sapport the other part in idle¬ 
ness. 
It is so much e&Bier to Btand behind the counter 
an ' “ measure ofl tape,” than it ia to plow the 
ground. It seems more pleasant for men to travel 
ab uttho country with‘ shilling shows,” than to 
labor hurd lu the field or workshop. It is a great 
deal better way of earning a living to carry hooka 
about and Hell them, than to BWOat with honest 
toll. Now, is not this the very way people talk at 
the present day ? In work degrading? In this re¬ 
publican country where onr fathers bled and died 
for the peaceful homes we now enjoy, are we, their 
children, to despise honest labor? The great 
trouble is, people are too rich. Their children 
being id way b uncustomed to the luxuries of life 
are entirely unlit to labor for its comforts—hence 
tho many inducements to idleness. Our country 
has yet to suffer for its extravagancies, and 
whether the present moneyed crisis will teach the 
lesson it. needs, we know not. But one thing we 
do know—there mast be a reform in thiB direction; 
habits of idleness must be thrown away, and due 
rei-pect paid to honest industry, or wo ahull nigh 
in vain for the good old tirnea of our fathers. 
Cayuga, N. Y., 1857. Amelia. 
THE EDUCATOR va. THE TEACHER. 
Tub educator drawB out latent powers. The 
teacher putB in a given task. 
The educator considers the worse the material, 
the greater shill in working it. The teacher does 
hia task, and charges the material with the 
result 
Tho educator knows hia subject to be infinite, 
and ia always learning bimaelf to put old things 
in a new form. The teacher thinks he knows his 
subject* and flndB it more irksome every day. 
The educator thinks nothing done till tho food 
he givos hiR pupils ia digested and craved for.— 
The teacher thiuhs everything done when ho has 
poured out something before them. 
The educator encourages. Ttie teacher fur¬ 
nishes. 
The educator haa faith in great principles. Tho 
teacher Is the slave of little vexations. 
Tho educator ia a boy amongst boyB in heart; 
in judgment a man. The teacher has the hard¬ 
ness of a man, with the want of thought of a boy. 
The educator in punishing considers what is 
best, not what is deserved. The teacher applies a 
fixed penalty. 
The educator deals in exhortation and hope — 
The teacher la traisms and lamentation. 
Tho educator is animated by a high and true 
Ideal, towards which he is ever finding some re¬ 
sponse, even in apparent failuraB. The teacher’s 
ideal U a shallow dream of selfish success, the 
non realization of which leaves him aputhetic 
and querulous In hia work, sceptical of goodness 
hardened in his own opinions, and closed against 
improvement. 
The educator, as he believes in bis principles 
and roles, earnestly strives to bo the best example 
of them himself. 
Unpnnctuallty makes authority grating. 
Little charges make authority contemptible. 
Little interferences make it hateful .—Clerical 
Journal, 
ORIGIN AND SEALS OF THE STATES.—NO. XVI AND XVII. 
EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 
ROOM FOR IMPROVEMENT. 
Tub report on the Educational Affairs of Upper 
Canada, by the ChUf Superintendent, oontains the 
following interesting etatl ileal matter, in addition 
to the other details with which the work abounds: 
In regard to assessments and the amonnt of aid 
received from Government, we learn that the Iiegla- 
lu’lvc School Grant Is apportioned to each Munici¬ 
pality, npon the condition that such Municipality 
shall provide an equal sum by assessment for the 
payment of teachers. Tbo Legislative grant ap¬ 
portioned to Municipalities tor 1S5G amounted to 
£29,869; the amonnt provided by the local munici¬ 
pal assessment was £54,626, £24,657 more than the 
sum required by law, and an inorease of £9,402 
over the amonnt of the local municipal assessment 
of the preceding yeur, for the payment of teach¬ 
ers and other educational expenses. The amount 
of School Trustees' assessment for the same pur¬ 
pose was £135,354 being an increase over that of 
the precoding year of £25,643. The amount of 
rate bills was £34,906, being an increase of £4,1.*»0 
over that of tho preceding year. 
The means thus obtained was expended as fol¬ 
lows:—The amount paid for maps and apparatus, 
was £2,440, being an increase of £376. The amount 
expended for so!i%ol sites and the erection of 
school houses wus £42,807, being an increase of 
£6,534. The amount expended for repairs and 
rents of school homes, was £10,190, being an iu- 
crease of £4,275. The amount expended for fuel, 
stationery and other contingencies, was £19,162, 
being an increase o( £0,628. The amount paid to 
teachers was £194,320, being an increase of £24,- 
893. The total uraoaut of expenditure for all 
common school purposas for the year 1856 was 
£269,527; to this may be added the salaries of lo¬ 
cal superintendents, £5,060, m >king the total 
£274,687, for one branch of the svstem of public 
education iu Upper Canada, being an Increase over 
the preceding year of £44,708. 
When it is considered that these are the volun¬ 
tary acts of the people themselves in their several 
municipalities, they are facts of groat significance 
in the educational and social progress of Canada, 
and point to u future grateful to the feelings of tho 
noblest patriotism. 
Wo find the following figures relative to attend 
slice:—Tho number of boys attending the schools 
was 137,420, being an increase of 11,742. The 
number of girls attcudiog the schools was 113,725, 
being an increase of 11 539, i he total number of 
pupils attending the Common Schools was 261,146, 
being an iuoreuse of 23,281. The table also shows, 
in tho classification of pupils, a very gratifying 
increasa in the higher subjects of Common School 
Education. 
The whole number of Teachers employed during 
the year was 3,089—Increase 124; male teachers, 
2,622—increase 24; female teachers 1,007—increase 
70. The salaries of fe male teachers vary from £50 
to £126; that of malo teachers vary from £00 to 
£360. 
Gramm akHcuooi.s.— The whole number of Grant 
mar Schools iu operation iu 1856 was 61, of which 
20 were Senior County Grammar Schools, each re 
oelviug £100 per annum, independent ot tho up 
portioament of the fund arising from the sales of 
Grammar School lauds. The amount apportioned 
from tho fund to Grammar Schools was £6,661— 
increase £111. Tho amonnt derived from fees 
£4,990—decreased £131. The amount grunted by 
Municipalities £3,417—increase £1,817, chiefly for 
buildings. Tho total amount for salaries of masters 
and teachers £11,914—increase £350. The amount 
expended for maps and apparatns £201—increase 
£139. The amount expended for books und con 
tiugenoles £1,602—iucreuse £1,081. Total receipts 
for Grammar School purposes £19,248—increaso 
£3,761. 
Wb in the United State* enjoy many advantages 
heyond moBt other nations in tbe world; but as 
there ia no individual so wise that he may not. with 
advantage learn something from every one, even 
the hnmhk’Bt, with whom he has intercourse, ho, as 
a nation, we may learn many things from other 
countries, even from those whom we may consider 
Inferior, in many reap® ctfl . to ourselves. An Amer¬ 
ican, traveling in Sweden, writes to a New York 
paper that In all towns of any considerable size, 
there arc scientific schools for men and women 
who earn their bread by daily toiL The applica¬ 
tion or science to every day-life, and even the fine 
arts receive attention here. The Institution is free, 
and Is attended by both men und women. Tho ef¬ 
fects have been very favorable. The laborers and 
mechanics of Sweden arc becoming to a great 
extent artistic mechanics and men of science; and 
the women, instead of spending their time in 
dressing fashionably and gossiping, or, what is 
worse, poring over sentimental and trashy ro¬ 
mance, make of their kitchens philosophical and 
chemical laboratories, and attend to their house¬ 
hold duties nnderstandingly and npon scientific 
principle*. 
With all onr advantages of education, we have 
too little practical solence, applied to every-day 
life, and presented in a manner to interest tbe 
people in scientific matters. Onr vitiated literary 
taste, and the little good which all our extensive 
reading does ub, is manifest in the vast quantity of 
trashy and iujurions sentimentalism and romance 
upon which much of tbe time of men, women and 
ohildren is occupied, to the neglect of tho higher 
powers of the mind, and the active dntios and use¬ 
ful purposes of life.— R. 1. Schoolmaster. 
Tub mind, like tho soul, rises in value, accord 
lug to the nature und degreo of its cultivation. 
GEOHGIA. 
Georgia was settled the latest of the " Original” 
Thirteen Bta’ea of the Union. She derived her 
name with her charter from Gaorge 1L, June 9tb, 
1732. Her first oolony was planted by Gen. Ooi.k- 
thorps, on the spot where the city of Savannah 
now stands, iu 1773; sixty three years after the 
settlement of South Carolina, and a century 
behind most of tho original colonies. Three 
years after the arrival of General Oglethorpe, 
Ebenezar was planted by the Germans, twenty-five 
miles up the S tvannah River. Darien, on the sea, 
waB commenced about the same time by a party of 
Scotch Highlanders. Among the early troubles 
of the country, was a war with the Spaniards in 
Florida, each party in tarn invading the territory 
of the other. 
The people of Georgia took a vigorous part in 
the Revolution; and the 8tate was in possession of 
tho British a portion of that time. The city of 
Savannah was taken by them December 29, 1778. 
A bold attempt was made by tho combined forces 
to recapture it, but failed, with tho Ljhs to the al¬ 
lies of 1,100 men. The Great Cherokee Country, 
in the upper part of the State, came into the fu 1 
possession of the whites in 1838, when the Indians 
were removed to new homes beyond the Missis¬ 
sippi. 
The sea-coast of Georgia, extending about 80 
miles, is very similar in character to that of the 
Carolina*, being lined with fertile islands out off 
from the main laud by narrow lagoons or sounds. 
Tbe famous sew island cotton is grown hero; and 
wild fowl are abundant. in all varieties. Upon the 
main, rice plantations flourish, with all the semi- 
tropical vegetation and iruit which we have seen 
in the ocean districts of South Carolina. 
Passing northward to the central regions of the 
State, the cotton fields greet, onr eyes at every step, 
until the surface of the country becomes more and 
more broken and hilly, and, at last, verges upon 
the great hill-icgion traversed by the Appalachian 
or Alleghany Mountains. These great ranges oc- 
enpy al l the northern counties, and present scenes 
of beauty and sablimity not surpassed in any sec¬ 
tion of the Union. 
There are many fine rivers iu Georgia; but, as 
with the water courses of the South generally, they 
are often muddy, and their only beauty is iu the 
rank vegetation of their shores, with here and 
there a bold sandy bluff. 
The first Constitution of Georgia was formed In 
1777, a second in 1786; the present la 1798, aud 
amended in 1839. Tho Governor is chosen by the 
people and bolds office two years. The Senate 
consists of 47 members, and the House of 137.— 
All free white males who have paid taxes in the 
State one year previous to an election, aud resided 
in the oouuty for aix months, are entitled to a vote. 
Goorgiu adopted the Constitution of the United 
States in Convention in January 2d, 1798, by a 
unanimous vote. 
FLORIDA. 
the county six months, who shall be enrolled in 
the militia or legally exempted therefrom. A 
peculiarity of the law -of Florida prohibits any 
minister of the gospel from being chosen for Gov¬ 
ernor, Senator or Representative; nor is a presi¬ 
dent of a bauk eligible to any of these political 
honors. 
ANCIENT MONEY. 
OVXBHEAD PIPS IN THH SCHOOL-BOOH. 
FLORIDA. 
It is common in school-houses to use considera¬ 
ble overhead pipe from the stove, to Increase tho 
menus for the radiation of heat. But in my opin¬ 
ion, heat thrown out overhead, is of no advantage 
in making a room comfortable, and does much in- 
ary to the health, producing a dull irritable feel¬ 
ing of the head, successive returns of slok-taead- 
ache, loss of appetite for food, and a gradual de- 
olino of strength of body and vigor of mind. The 
sympathy between head and stomach ia such, that 
very few persoua can be any length ol time where 
heat is radiated directly upon the head, without 
the digestive organs being affected, and especially 
such as are pre disposed to a dyspeptic habit— 
The feet may be kept warm, but the head must be 
cool, to CDjoy health of boy and vigor of mind.— 
it is not uncommon for teachers and scholars to 
complain that their school labors wear npon 
health; but it is not the study and teaching that 
impair it, rather these, properly conducted in a 
well regulated room os to heating and ventilation, 
may become auxiliaries to preserve health. 
In my own school room, the long reach of hori 
zontal pipe overhead, I have hud taken down and 
placed a short distance above the floor extending 
from the floor to the perpendicular that goes up to 
the chimney. It haa proved to add much to the 
comfort of the room; tbe oppressiveness that was 
before felt from the heated air is now done away. 
Every school room should be freed from overhead 
Htovo pipe, except what is required to reach verti¬ 
cally to the chimney. — A 'ltacher, in Scientific 
American, 
Boston Schools. — The Boston public pohook 
have 23,749 pupils, whose average oost of tuition 
for the last five years was $14 41. For the pre. 
ceding tlvo yoars, (from 1846 to 1850,) the ave¬ 
rage cost was $15 15. The not expenditures of 
the city during the year, for carrying on tho pah 
lie schools, including tho repairs or the buildings, 
salaries, furniture, fuel, and all incidental expen¬ 
ses of the same, amounted to $391,406 28. The 
whole expenditure on account of schools amount¬ 
ed to $441,139 08. The appropriations for the 
schools for the financial yeur 1856’-57 are as fol¬ 
lows:—Halaries of instructors, $228,000; Inciden¬ 
tal ©xponHcs, $67,000; ropulra, alterations, and im¬ 
provements of the school-houses, $40,000. Total 
appropriation, $336,000. 
It Is not the outward profession of the truth, but 
the Inward power of it, that is useful unto the 
world, or to the aouls of men. 
Thk earlieftt settlement in Florida was made by 
tho Frenoh, but they were driven out by the Span¬ 
iards, who established themselves Beourely at 8t 
Augustine In 1665, many years before any other 
settlement wan mado on the western shores of tho 
Atlantic. Before tho Revolution, Florida warred 
with the English Colonies of Carolina aud Geor 
gla, aud passed iuto British possession in 1763.— 
It was reconquered by Spain in 1781, and from 
that period until within very late years, it bus been 
the field of Indian occupation and warfare. The 
reconquer by Spain in 1781, was confirmed 
1783, aud In 1821 that power codod the country to 
the United States. Its territorial orgouiz ition was 
made in 1822, and its admission into the Union as 
a State occurred March 3, 1845. A sanguinary 
war waa waged from 1834 to 1842, between tbe 
troops of tbe United States and the Indian occu¬ 
pants, tho Seminole#, led by their famous chief 
Osceola. Since that period the savages have 
loun removed to other territory, excepting some 
remnants still in possession of the impenetrable 
swamps and jungles of the lower portion* of tbe 
State. 
Florida is the grand peninsula forming the ex¬ 
treme southeastern part of the United States. Its 
entire area eastward lies upon tho Atlantic, aud 
the Golf ot Mexico washes almost the whole of 
the western side. Georgia and Alabama are npon 
the north. The country is for the most part level, 
being nowhere more than 260 ot 300 feet aoovo the 
sea. 
In tho interior of Florida there fs a chain of 
lakes, of which the extreme southern link is Lake 
Okschobee, nearly tweuty miles iu length. M*ny 
of these waters are extremely plcturt-nq.;* in tln-ir 
own unique beauty of wild and rank tropical veg¬ 
etation. Tbe rivers of tho State are numerous, 
and, like tho Lik»a, present everywhere to the eye 
of the stranger very novel attractions in the 
abundance aud variety oi the trees and snrubs and 
vines which line all their shore* aud bayous. The 
largest of the ruauy rivers is tbe Appaliuhicola, 
which erodes the western artn of tbe State to the 
Guif of Mexico. The St. Mary's i* the boundary 
on tho extreme northern comer, Georgia being 
upon tho opposite bank. Its waters fall into the 
Atlnntlo, as do those of the St. Johns river, in the 
Bamo section of the Btate. 
By tho Constitution of Florida, adopted in 1838, 
the Governor ia elected for four yoars. Senators 
are ohoaou for two years and Representatives for 
one year. The right of sultrage belongs to every 
free white male of 21 yoais of age and upwards, 
who has resided in the State for two years, and in 
For Hoore'B Ratal New-Yorker. 
TO MY ANGEL MOTHER. 
Mv heart Is wi<l to-night, mother, 
And tears are on my cheek, 
I fain would leave this dreary world, 
Thine own bright home to geek. 
Ohl tell me If 'tin trne, mother, 
That, in thy it tarry home, 
They think not of the earthly friends 
That, here, in H&dnerfi roam? 
Twoald break my heart, sweet mother, 
To think thou could'id forget, 
Amid the white-robed oherab band. 
Thine earthly child, and yet— 
I know they're brighter far, mother, 
Than I coaid ever tell; 
Bat, ohl I’m very sure they ne'er 
Can love Ikes half as well. 
Bkfokk the invasion of Julias Ctesar, the na¬ 
tives of England had tin plates, iron plates, and 
rings, which were money. On the authority of 
Seneca, a canons account ia given when ieather, 
appropriately stamped to give it u certain legal 
character, was the only current money. At u com¬ 
paratively recent date in the annals of Europe, 
'Vedlch the second, who died in 1250, at the siege 
of Milan, actually paid his troops with leather 
money. Nearly the same circumstances occurred 
in England daring the great waraof the barons.— 
In the course of 1250, King John, for tho ranBom 
of his royal person, promised to pay Edward the 
Third, of England, three millions of gold crowns, 
lu order to fnlfill the obligation, he was reduced 
to tbe mortifying necessity of paying the ex¬ 
pense* of tbo palace in leather money, in the cen¬ 
tre of each piece there heing a little bright point 
of silver. In that reign ia found the origin of tho 
travestied honor of boyhood, called—conferring a 
leather medaL The Imposing ceremonies accom¬ 
panying a presentation gave full force, dignity and 
value to a leather jewel, which noblemen were 
probably proud and gratified to receive at the hand 
of majesty. 
So late as 1574, there waa an immense issue of 
money in Holland, stamped on small sheets of 
pasteboard. But farther back in the vista of years, 
Nurna Pompilius, tho second king of Rome, who 
reigned six hundred and twenty-two years before 
the Coristian era, made money out of wood os 
well as leather; a knowledge ol which might have 
influenced King John in the bold project of sub¬ 
stituting tbe tanned hide ol an animal for gold 
and silver, well-known to his subjects to be ex¬ 
ceedingly precious. 
Both gold and silver appeared to have been in 
extensive circulation in Egypt, soon after their 
potency was andeistood in Asia. From thence 
they were Introduced into Carthage and Greece; 
and, finally, traveling further and further in a 
westerly direction, the city of Rome discovered 
the importance of legalizing her circulation. 
Weight always having been of the first impor¬ 
tance in early times, the shape of money appears 
to have been regarded with perfect indifference 
for a series of ages. 
When the bits and portions of metal received 
as precious wore exten-ively circulated, it is quite 
probable that each possessor shaped ■ emto suit 
his own conception, as practiced to .* me extent 
at this time in remote places in the Boat Indies.— 
The payer always cuts off parts with shears, till 
ho obtains, by exact weight, the stipulated amount. 
It was thus that men traveled with the evidence of 
their p JsscBsion in a sack. But great inconvenince 
must have resulted from thiB often tedious pro¬ 
cess; and aa nations advanced in civilization and 
the economic arts, a certain mark or impression 
on certalu sized pieces were acknowledged to be 
the sign of a certain weight. 
This facilitated negotiations, aud afterwards led 
to further improvements, both in the shape, weight 
and beauty of the exterual devices, by-and-by, 
the profile of the kiug, the date ot the coinage 
aud the record of important events, gave still more 
completeness and character to the circulating ar¬ 
ticle of exchange.— Selected. 
I breathe thy name, sweet mother, 
With morning’n «urif»nt ray; 
And ever In my heart 'tls fbrined. 
Through all the live-long day. 
And in tny dreams, dear mother, 
I start to hear thy voice. 
And with wild rapture thrilling, 
How doea my soul rejoice. 
But, ah! too soon, dear mother, 
The blias my spirit wakes; 
Thou art not here—and, all alone. 
My heart with anguish breaks. 
Yet one bleat hope, sweet mother, 
Can soothe me in my pain. 
It ia that when we meet above, 
We ne’er shall part again. 
Oh, I will struggle hard, mother, 
To tread tbe path you trod, 
That when this life ia over, 
t, too, may dwell with GOo. 
Mtddleport, N. Y„ 1867. 
Ekxa. 
HEART RELIGION. 
Nothing in the world will answer a man's pur¬ 
pose, when he comeB down to a death-bed, but 
heartfelt religion; a clear witness of the Spirit; a 
full assurance that the Redeemer liveth. Job had 
the right experience to suffer and to die by—“I 
know that my Redeemer livetb.” 
For this knowledge a dying man would give an 
empire. All other knowledge to him seems worth¬ 
less, and he coasts it as drees. 
How careful we ought to be, while engaged in the 
busy cares of life, that we lose not this heartfelt 
religion, thiB personal i merest la Christ, this lively 
evidence of our adoption Into his family. 
That many do lose this simple heartfelt religion 
is quite certain. They pass years ip a state of 
doubt and partial darkness; and when edited to 
exchange worlds, they feel unprepared. Death 
haa not lost its sting. They shrink back, and beg 
ior time to complete their preparation. 
Dear reader, do you, to-day, erjoy that sweet 
humbling, joyous consciousness of your interest, 
which giveth you the vtotory? 
Epitaphs —We find in a Wisconsin Exchange 
the following: 
Died.—W ent home to Paradise, Jaly 20th, Carrie 
only daughter of-, aged 18 years. 
“ Gone to God,” ia the inscription upon a white 
slab in the cemetery at Ann Arbor, Michigan. 
A hand with a finger pointing upward, is graved 
upon a plain, grey stone in a grave-yard In Bur¬ 
lington, New York. 
A broken column, the fallen oapital lying at the 
base of the pillar, marks the grave of a Trumbull* 
in Lebanon, Conn. 
A severed chain and tha fragments of a link, 
graved npon a stone set up by a little grave in 
Bristol, Indiana, tell of a fire side circle broken, 
and its lost are in Eden. 
A sweet girl, blind from birth, was laid asleep 
where Cod should find her by and by, and upon 
the tablet was written only these words; " There ia 
no night there." 
A rose-tree with a bad mid-air, aB If some breath 
of angel’s wing would waft it safe to heaven 
would not b® Inappropriate for an infant’s quiet 
bvd, while ‘‘Went in the morning” would be a be¬ 
fitting record. 
WELLS OF THE DESERT. 
Thk French papers have interesting acoountsof 
newly bored artesian wells in the Sahara Desert, 
in Algiers. They are six in number, and some of 
them are 275 feet deep. The appearance of the 
water In each case produced the greatest excite¬ 
ment among the desert tribes. Their joy Over the 
first well w>ts unbounded, and news of the event 
spread toward* the So nth with unexampled rapid¬ 
ity. Feople came from long distances in order to 
see tho miracle. The Marabouts, with great so. 
laroui y, consecrated the newly created well, and 
gave it the name of “ the well of peace.” 
At another place, os soon as tho rejoicing out¬ 
cries of the soldiers bad announced the rushing 
forth of the wator, the uattves drew near iu crowds, 
plunged themselves into the blessed waves, and tho 
mothers bathed their children therein. Tbe names 
immediately Applied by the people, such as “tho 
well of bliss,” and "the well of gratitude,” suffi¬ 
ciently attest their feelings. It is said that these 
well.* will work an important part in a social revo¬ 
lution of the liibes in their neighborhood. Hav¬ 
ing been obliged, like their ancestors, to wan er 
from place to place as the desert springs dried up, 
they will now remain arouml the constantly flow 
lug wells, cultivate the Lind, aud take the first 
steps towards civilization. 
Bh Gknbhoi'8. —Man becomes estranged from 
hia fellow man by the lack of generosity. No man 
can say that he is independent of bis fellow crea¬ 
tures, and that ho neither needB their aid nor their 
sympathy. A man may possess untold riches, and 
yet he is no loss a dependent being—dependent 
in health npon his follow man for aid in protecting 
hiB civil right?, hia life and his property—in sick¬ 
ness dependent for care and skill in warding off 
the fearful assaults of disease—and, in death, de¬ 
pendent upon his follow man to be borne to his 
lust resting place. Be generous, then, to thy 
brother mar, for sooner or later ho will be called 
to render you service such as gold cannot purchase. 
A Deep Philosoput.— A little philosophy in- 
e'lneth men'a minds to atheism; but dopth In phi¬ 
losophy briogeth men’s minds about to religion; 
for while the mind of naan looketh upon second 
causes scattered, it may sometimes rest in them, 
and go no further; bnt when it beholdeth the 
chain of them confederate, and linked together,it 
nut tit needs fly to Providenco and Deity. Paeon, 
Contention. — An old divine, oautlonlng the 
clergy against engaging In violent controversy, 
uses the following happy Bimllos: “II we will be 
contending, let ns contend like the olive and the 
vine, who shall produce the beat and tho most 
fruit; not like tha aspen and the elm, which shall 
make the most noise iu the wind.” 
V bkmont. —Vermont is a model State, one among 
the thirty-one, aud very lovely. One of its papers 
says of it:—" Theto is bat one city in this Stale, 
and not a soldier. We have no polloe; and net* 
murder ha* been oommi ted In this State within 
the last ten years. Wo !>»va no museums or crys¬ 
tal palaces; but wo have comes, genuine homes, 
for which the father works, votes and talks—where 
the mother controls, educate*, labors and loves— 
where she reais men, scholars and patriots.” 
Wiikbh Troth ia Learned. —Truth Is learned 
only at the pure fountains of evidence. Authority 
dooa not create it; dogmatism recommends itnot; 
neither does violence Impose it; from such task¬ 
masters conscience retreats, that she may hear, in 
the still silence of her musing* tM voice of God. 
— Dr. FUch. 
Defective Ueuoion.— A religion that Lever 
suffices to gove,-n a man, will never suffice to save 
him: that which does not sufficiently distinguish 
from a wicked world, will never distinguish 
one 
him from a perishing world.— flows. 
