—y-J'JBE 
^X-:.-a6P-Lculturc 
ROCHESTER, N. Y.-FOK THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, APRIL 2,1864 
SWHOLE NO. 742, 
intelligent judgment of men thoroughly ac¬ 
quainted with sugar beet culture and manufac¬ 
ture in Europe, that beet sugar is to become a 
staple product of American husbandry — that 
the prairies of the West are eminently adapted to 
the production of this root fur manufacture, and 
that the sturdy, practical, skillful, persevering 
and economical German population there, will 
develop this branch of industry until the 
American can see the dollars in it, seize hold 
of it, simplify and perfect processes and make 
it a source of wealth both to producer and man¬ 
ufacturer. 
MOOKE’S RFKAL NEW-YORKER, 
AN ORIGINAL WEEKLY 
RURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE. 
CHARLES ». HHAGIMIN, Aft««K<tate Editor. 
KEEP HUSBANDRY 
SPECIAL OONTHTBUTOHS: 
P. BA-RRY, C. DEWEY, LL. 
H. T. BROOKS, L. B. LANGWORTHY, 
To COBKESPONDENTS. — Mr. Randall’s address is 
Cortland Village, Cortland Co., N. Y. All communica¬ 
tions intended fbr this Department, and all Inquiries 
relating to sheep, should he addressed to him as above. 
FARMER GARRULOUS TALKS. 
THE it URAL NEW-YORKER is designed to be unsur¬ 
passed In Value, rarity, aud Variety or Contents, uud 
unique and beaut I Oil in Appearance. Its Conductor 
devo.teshls personal attention to the supervision of Its 
various departments, am) earnestly labors to render 
the Rural an eminently Reliable Guido on all the 
Important Practical, Sclent!lie and other Subjects Inti¬ 
mately connected with the business of those whose 
Interests It zealously advocates. As a Family Jours al 
I t Is eminently Instructive and (entertaining— being so 
conducted that It can be safely taken to the Homes of 
people of Intelligence, taste and ilUerhulnatlon. It 
embraces more Agrb-.ulmral, Horticultural, Scientific, 
Educational, Literary and News Matter, Interspersed 
with appropriate Engravings, than any other Journal,— 
rendering it the most complete AGRICULTURAL Lite¬ 
rary and Family Newspaper in America. 
SHEEP WORK IN APRIL 
“ Yf.s, Joitn, I Go like to sit down by a I 
cheerful fire light after having done—and well 
done—a good day’s work. If a man has a clear 
conscience, and knows that ho has employed 
every hour of his time well in the discharge of 
his duties, andean feel that he has accomplished 
something, aquietogening at home is enjoy able.’’ 
“Hut what was that von were staying to-day? 
that wages are going to be high? So you are 
looking to the main chance, I see. That is ! 
right. I am glad wages are going to be high 
Why shouldn't I? It don’t matter to me what 
wages are, more than it does to the railroad 
comjruiues what they pay their engineers. It,- 
of course, adds to the cost of the product. And i 
you know Ido not sell my produce under cost, 
any more than SAMUEL Sharper, the mer¬ 
chant. sells his cotton goods under cost. Why 
should I? If you add twenty-five per cent, to 
your asking for working for me, I shall add 
proportionately to my price for butter and ! 
cheese, pork and heof, wheat and corn, &v. 
Farmers don’t do so? Of course, they don't, i 
all of them; but they are fast learning the ! 
tricks of trade, as well as how to produce 
the most with the bast labor. You will find, if 
you go through our neighborhood, that there 
are more figure farmers titan there were last 
year. One of these figure farmers—I may as 
well name him— Mathias Sturdy, said to me 
yesterday, “Well, Garrulous, I’ve got my full 
complement, of help.’ How’s that, I asked; 
what do you pay? “O, I pay $20 to $2G per 
month: but I can’t help It, I am not going to 
half farm it any longer, hoping help will be 
plenty and cheap. It ain't going to be plenty. 
Hut bread has got to be made. I am going to 
supply the material. I am going to employ the 
best men 1 can [get, pay them well for their 
work, and charge it to the consumer. That is 
the real and only business way of getting along.’’ 
“But suppose other farmers undersell you?’’ 
I asked. “They cannot'do it without losing 
money if I manage right; if they choose to sell 
at less than cost, let them; they will not com¬ 
pete with you and 1 long iu that way. Beside, 
T propose that the farmers of this neighborhood 
act in concert in fixing the price of their pro¬ 
duce hereafter. You and l must talk this mat¬ 
ter up among our neighbors. We must help 
them to get at the real cost to them of their 
crops, and urge them to unite with us to get 
remunerative prices. They are all willing to 
receive all that they can get. generally; and if 
wo stiow them by figures ami facts that it is 
their interest to unite with us to get larger prices, 
they will do it. But we have got to keep talk¬ 
ing on this subject. There is no other way.” 
And Sturdy is right, John. The tact is, 1 
have no sort of fears but farmers can make 
money if they will, and pay remunerative wages 
for labor especially if they use labor-saving 
machinery in such a way as to make the best 
u-o of the hand* aud brains they hire. 
Now l want you in the morning to take the 
iron bar and some stakes and caps, and stake 
that part of the fence line where Slack’s ram¬ 
pant steers used to get through. True, it is hi-, 
part of the fence, but I cannot wait longer for 
him to do what he ought to have done long ago, 
I shall present him my bill for doing the work 
though, and he may pay it or uot, as he chooses. 
If sheep have reached the present month in 
good order, all they require is the same feed and 
care they have previously received, imtH they 
are turned out to pasture. If poor, the dangers 
of March are not yet over. We stated, in the 
opening of last month, that poor sheep, and 
especially poor inlambed ewes, ought imme¬ 
diately to receive extra care and feed—the latter 
to be gradually increased as should be found 
necessary. If this was uot done, the mischief 
has now ensued, or become much more difficult 
to avert. Any sudden accession of grain or root 
feed given to debihtatod sheep at this season of 
the year is extremely likely to produce a scour¬ 
ing which rapidly runs them down and causes 
death. But even now. if we had a poor, weak 
flock of breeding ewes, or last spring’s lambs, out • 
e of which a portion had died during the preeed- 
1 ing month, and which had not hitherto received 
G grain or roots, we should commence feeding a 
r little grain, say shorts and bran mixed with 
oats — and if they relished this and did not 
I' [ scour, we should begin very gradually to mix in 
^ a portion of stronger feed, say corn or peas. If 
1 the flock had hitherto run out on the fields, we 
n should not dare to change its habit entirely in 
^ that particular. If it had not, we should give a 
very snihil portion of roots in addition to the 
j' grain feed. 
The time of lambing is one of great watchful- 
ness and care on the part of good shepherds. In 
cold weather, eaves should, by aU means, lamb 
in the stables—the latter being kept well Uttered 
down and warm, but at the same time properly 
' ventilated. Do not be in a hurry to offer assist- 
auce to a lambing ewe—but pf the presentation 
' is proper) let nature continue its efforts until she 
I begins to give evident indications of prostration. 
Apply force slowly anil gently, and only in con¬ 
junction with the natural throes, as long as sueh 
throes continue to occur at moderate intervals. 
If the lamb can help itself and finds milk, do not 
interfere with it. If the dam lacks milk, let the 
lamb the first time—if it be practicable, and after¬ 
wards If it can be done without robbing others— 
fill itself from other ewes. When cow’s milk 
must be resoTted to, let it be that of a new-milch 
cow. Feed from a bottle, lamp-tiUer, or the 
like, which has au India-rubber lamb’s nipple 
(nipples arc manufactured for that express pur¬ 
pose! fastened over its nose. Milking into the 
mouth from a cow’s teat, or pouring milk rap- 
CAV&Si 
VAPilEfLl?*' 
We have sundry plans of farm buildings 
which we purpose to publish in 'Do course of 
the year. We have some premium plans, here¬ 
tofore published in the Rural, which we think 
better than the newer and unpublished plans 
we have on hand; and inasmuch as we have 
from ten thousand to fifteen thousand sub¬ 
scribers who have never before read the Rural, 
we. shall feel justified in benefiting them by sueh 
republleation. The accompanying elevation 
and plans appeared iu the Rural early in 18fiL 
We have been repeatedly requested to furnish 
copies of it, and being unable to do so, have 
been urged to republish it, which we now do. 
Phis Is a farm house, erected for Emmons H. 
Gifford, Esq., on his farm iu Phelps. N. Y. 
It was, designed aud the architectural drawings 
made by A. Warner, Architect, of Roch¬ 
ester. N. Y., and built by Ki el Taylor, of 
Newark. The buildiuglsof wood, with tin 
roof. The frame is filled in with brick, which 
renders it. as warm as % brick building. The 
rooms are conveniently arranged, and suffi¬ 
ciently large. The house is well proportioned 
in every particular. The main building is 28 
by 30 feet, with posts 25 feet high. The main 
wing is 2/0 by 23 feet, with posts 18 feet high. 
The other wing is 20 by GO feet, with pasts 13 
feet high. The rooms on the principal floor of 
the main building, and the sitting-room in the 
wing, arc 10 feet in height. The kitchen and 
pantry 84 feet. The rooms in the second story 
of the main building are i) feet high, aud 
those in the wing 7 feet. Nearly all the 
rooms are finished with butternut lumber, 
and varnished, giviug Lhe wood-work its nat- 
BEET SUGAR IN THE WEST. 
At Chattswortb. near the Chicago Branch of 
the Illinois Central Railroad, an experiment lias 
been in progress during the past year, to which 
Western men, interested in the highest develop¬ 
ment of the Agricultural resources of those 
great prairies, have looked with no little 
anxiety, and much hopefulness, for results. 
And it was with no little apprehension that the 
writer saw in a recent Western paper an adver¬ 
tisement of sugar beets for sale to herdsmen, at 
a very cheap rate indeed. But we breathe 
easier. It seems the reason why we have not 
heard of results before is not found in the want 
of sugar in the beet. The beets do contain 
sugar that U available. Disappointment in the 
arrangement and preparation of machinery has 
prevented the manufacture of a largo crop of 
beets produced on the Chattsworth farm. The 
last of February, however, the mfichincry and 
the weather permitted an experiment, or sides 
of experiments. The editor of the Prairie 
Farmer was present and gives the process, 
which we condense as follows :—The beets are 
washed, topped, decayed parts cut away, or the 
whole discarded, If imperfect. A toothed cylin¬ 
der, two feet in diameter, driven at a high rate 
of speed, is used as a grater. The beets are fed 
up to it by a pair of plungers. The pulp and 
juice fall below in au iron tank, fine, and white 
as snow. Two hundred pounds Of the pulp is 
put in a centrifugal machine at once, and the 
juice separated from it by centrifugal force in a 
few moments. The juice goes thenco into clari¬ 
fying tanks, where it Is clarified preparatory to 
evaporation. In these recent experiments, no 
hone filters were ready, and hence other meth¬ 
ods were resorted to to defecate the juice. The 
evaporation was done both in a kettle with 
steam coil, and on sorgho evaporators. The 
Editor says of the first experiment “ When 
it had readied a consistency supposed to be 
right for granulating, it was taken oil' and set 
in a warm room for the night. With many 
anxious feelings we approach oil the vessel hold¬ 
ing it the next morning, when, to our yreat 
delight , we found the whole mass had crystal¬ 
lized from top to bottom, showing large and 
splendid cry stals of sugar, which, after stand¬ 
ing 24 hours longer, was allowed to drain. Not 
more than 20 per cent, of it drained out, much 
or which was sugar. This would have been 
less had it been allowed to stand longer.” 
Repented experiments produced similar re¬ 
sults, although the arrangements were so im¬ 
perfect as to Involve much delay in tin- process, 
ami repeated handling of the juice. The quicker 
the process the more perfect the granulation. 
So wo are confirmed in our convictions, ex¬ 
pressed heretofore in these columns, based upon 
a Careful examination of facts and upon the 
second floor. 
a, P irlor OtLUni'v r—1 4 k 17‘, feet: k, Ball— 9 x 1 ? K (eel: 
c,c, c, (Unset): <. B cJ Room—llxll feet; /, Bath or 
• Bed Room—0x15 fee t. l]a)l-G\x2S D ,-t: *. 1' 
h tinrv—W l ,xt5 feet; t, Bed Room—sNx 10 feet: ,?• 
f Kitchen Chamber; *n, >«, Roofs of Piajsaaa- 
• The entrance to the attic and observatory is 
\ j from tlic stairs in the bath-room. The slop- 
i ~ drain from the house passes under the water- 
closets, and from thence to the. manure cellar, 
i The parlor aud front hall are heated by a fur¬ 
nace in the collar. The entire cost of the 
i buildimr was three thousand dollars, and it is 
To Prevent Sows Eating their Pigs. 
“Old Fudge,” a correspondent of the 
Frairic Firmer, reeomnieuds as a enrp a half 
eupfull of whisky in a quart of milk, fed to a 
sow . If this does uot befuddle licr iu fifteen 
miuutes, give her as much move. Uq says, 
“this is a euro cure; it will make boras good 
matured and loving to her pigs as need be." 
Orinoco Tobacco. 
Horace Turner, a correspondent of the 
Country Gentleman, says this variety is three 
weeks earlier than the Connecticut Seed Leaf of 
the same age and planted on similar soil. It is 
not a* large and rank a grower us the Connect¬ 
icut Seed Leaf, though quite as large as Cuba or 
Havana. 1L is finer grained, thicker and heavier 
leaf. He regards it of superior quality, and 
thinks it will yield as much per acre as the Seed 
Leaf, if planted 2 by 2J or 3 feet apart. 
FIRST FLOOR. 
. Parlor— nf.xlU, fort; H. llall—Six 11 fed; t; Bed 
Romo—llxll fevt D, Bril Room, or Nursery- 11x15 
t'cot; R, Closet: China Closet: 0, Dinlne or Bit 
ting Room—i5xu»q fevt, 11 . Khcbon —VHsxl«k, 
fret; 7, Pautfv—liy.jXiO (Yrt; J. Hall; AT, Sink; L, 
lWtMl Room; U. Platform; V. Wocd-Hoase—l-tx.lt> 
fret ; 0, O, Wider Closet* P, Pl«ui*ttt> R, Walk, or 
Passage Way to Water Closets 
A Farmer’s eyes should become famiUar 
with each nook and corner of the farm aud 
farm buddings. 
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