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ROCHESTER, N. Y.-FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, JUNE U, 1864 
! WHOLE NO. 754 
MOOSE’S RURAL NEW-YOEKEE, 
AN ORIGINAL WEEKLY 
RURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
first adopted this plan, lie commenced cutting 
his clover the beginning of the week, (Monday.) 
with some seven or eight men, with scythes. 
It was a very hot day. The clover was all put 
into cock as fast as cut. That night it com¬ 
menced to rain, and it continued to rain more 
or less for three or four days. I well recollect 
wo all supposed the hay would be ruined. But 
when it cleared oil, and the day was dry and 
hot, the cocks were opened and found to be un¬ 
injured. lu a few hours they were sufficiently 
dry to be housed, and we never had better hay 
than that was. In this case it will he recol¬ 
lected it was a very hot day when the clover 
was cut and put into cock; the effect of the heat 
and sun was to wilt the grass on the outer sur¬ 
face of the cook, and cause it to lay close and 
compact; this undoubtedly prevented much of 
the rain from penetrating the cocks. 
“Clover, or any hay, may he put into the 
barn or stack much greener than many would 
suppose, by observing proper care in mowing it 
away, or putting it into stack. The plan of 
making an air-hole or chimney from the base of 
the mow or stack to the top, is a very important 
matter. This may very easily be done by 
making a square box, eight or ten inches at one 
end and twelve or fourteen at the other, and 
about five feet long; place the small end on the 
ground or bottom of the mow, and so stow 
away the hay around it: and as you go up in 
the mow or stack, draw up the box, and when 
at the top take it out altogether. Iu this way a 
hole will be made through the mow or stack, 
which will carry off the heat and steam very 
rapidly. Some use a bag filled with hay or 
straw, and some a common barrel, instead of 
the box I have described; but it is not so con¬ 
venient; you want more length,—five or six 
feet is the best. The efi'ect of this chimney, or 
air-hole, will extend some five or six feet each 
way from the center,—that is, some ten or 
twelve feet the whole diameter; so If your mow 
or stack be very large, it may require two or 
more of these air-holes or chimneys. 
“ Next, the addition of a little salt to all kinds 
of hay is, 1 believe, universally admitted to be 
good; two quarts to the tun is sufficient. But 
there is another most excellent way of prevent¬ 
ing hay from being burnt and becoming musty 
in the mow or stack when put up too green, or 
not sufficiently cured. That is. to add newly 
slaked time to it; of this two or three quarts to 
the tuu Is sufficient. It is bad stuff to handle, 
but this may be obviated by using a small pad¬ 
dle made of a shingle, or other substance. The 
paddle part should be four or five inches square, 
and the handle twelve or fourteen inches long; 
in this way the lime may be scattered about on 
the hay alter each load, without much inconve¬ 
nience to the workman. It is of no injury 
whatever to the hay; on the other hand, it 
frees it from must and dust, and improves its 
quality. 
“On the same principle, the appHcation of 
lime to wheat and other grain, when being 
stacked and put into the barn, holds good. A 
few years ago, on Robert B. Howland's 
farm, in Union Springs, Cayuga Co., we har¬ 
vested a very heavy crop of wheat. We com¬ 
menced cutting it before it was as fully ripe as 
many fanners cut their grain. We commenced 
to cut it on Monday, which was a very hot day; 
the next day was equally hot; we cut both 
these days. The third day was also very hot 
and sultry, with every indication of a heavy 
vain storm to come on soon. We decided to 
secure what we already had cut, although we 
knew it was not sufficiently dry. The bay of 
the barn in which it was to be stowed was thir- 
ty-tive by thirty-six feet square, with a tight 
floor, and posts in the center, running from the 
floor to the beam, and from that to the roof. A 
thrashing floor was on each side of this bay. 
(The bam is 100 feet ioug.) In the first place, 
we made a passage for the air from each thrash¬ 
ing floor, in two places, to the center posts, and 
around them (the posts) so placed scantling as to 
make a continuous air passage to the roof of the 
it was. We saved all the wheat; there was no 
loss from shelling. The heavy rain storm and 
wind laid prostrate all the remaining standing 
grain. The field, eighteen acres, however, 
yielded forty-one bushels and a peck to the 
acre. 
“There has been much discussion among 
farmers as to the proper time to cut wheat. 
My own observation has satisfied me that early 
cutting, when the joints of the straw are yet a 
little green, is the best time. There is then no 
Waste from shelling, and if bound and put up 
into shocks so as to secure as much as possible 
the heads from the sun, the berry will be heav¬ 
ier and more plump, and the yield greater.’’ 
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE. 
CHARLES D. HKaGIHLV, A**o<Iutc Editor. 
HENRY S. RANDALL. LL. D„ 
Editor Deportment of Sheep Husbandry, 
P. BARRY, 
H. T. BROOKS, 
C. DEWEY, LL. D., 
L. B. LAXGWORTHY. 
The Ritual. New-Yorker is designed to he unsur¬ 
passed la Value, 1’urity, and Variety of Contents, and 
unique and beautiful In Appearance. Its Conductor 
devotes Ids personal attention to the supervision of Jt.s 
various departments, and earnestly labors to render 
the RURAL an eminently Reliable Guide on all the 
Important Practical. Scientific and other Subjects Inti¬ 
mately connected with the business of those whose 
Interests It zealously advocates As a Family Journal 
It Is eminently Instructive and Entertaining— being so 
conducted that It can he safely taken to Die Homes of 
peeple of Intelligence, taste and discrimination. It 
embraces more Agricultural, Horticultural, Setentiilc, 
Educational, Literary and News Matter, Interspersed 
with appropriate Engravings, than any other Journal,— 
rendering it the most complete AGRICULTURAL Lite¬ 
rary and Family Newspaper In America. 
About Making Honey. 
Time and space fail us to show up the dif¬ 
ferent ways resorted to by lazy rascals to make 
money without labor out of credulous people. 
And happening to notice the advertisement of a 
recipe for “making artificial hooey ” in last 
week's paper, we were reminded of a circular 
wc received some time since from a Michigan 
correspondent, wherein the advertiser announces 
confidentially to the man who has sent for his 
circular, that he has “discovered the art of 
making honey in every respect as good as that 
made by lees?' (we wonder if he puts it up in 
as neatly made comb 1) aud that one of the in¬ 
gredients is “ the powdered bark of the slip¬ 
pery elm. a small quantity of xchich will bring 
up a pailf ul of team water to the. rich , creamy , 
substantial consistency of Honey!” The italics 
are Brown's own—the advertiser’s! And this 
honey is made for six cents per pound—one 
hundred pounds can be .jade in twenty min¬ 
utes ! And it can be sold for twenty-five cents 
per pound anywhere, “in as large quantities as 
you choose to make 1” Think of it, oh ye easily 
duped!—in twenty minutes you may increase 
your investment to $25! And then its mer¬ 
its! It “tones up the sinking system, gives 
strength to the weak, good spirits to the strong, 
purities the blood of the scrofulous, restores 
appetite to the dyspeptic,” Ac. "It is an ele¬ 
gant tea-table dessert.” “ It looks like amber, 
clear, fresh and tempting as Olympian Ambro¬ 
sia!’’ It takes the place of preserves, and su¬ 
persedes butter! 
Now see how shrewdly this rascal plies his 
trade. He does not propose to send you the 
recipe until he has sold you a sample of his 
honey. On receipt of thirty-five cents he will 
send you a pot of it; and then, if you like it, 
you can purchase the recipe and right to make 
it for $5. But suppose you don't like it and 
don’t send for the recipe. Brown sells you his 
honey at a profit, which is probably precisely 
what he aims to do—even if he sends you any¬ 
thing for your thirty-five cents, which will be 
exceedingly doubtful. 
We have given this space to this matter, at 
the request of a correspondent, aud for the pur¬ 
pose of saying that we find it exceedingly diffi¬ 
cult to decide which are, and which are not 
swindling advertisements, in many cases. The 
only mode is to devote money and time to the 
business of detecting them, neither of which 
can we spare t'or such purpose. If our adver¬ 
tisers do not do all they promise to do in our 
columns, w e will uame them upon reliable in¬ 
formation of the fact; but our readers must use 
a little discretion. And when a man proposes 
to send you honey as good as the bees can make, 
act him down as a very big liar and rascal. 
mr. haywaud's ixfantado ram - ironsides, 
breeding flock is exclusively of the Hammond 
stock, and from C. B. Cook, of Charlotte, whose 
flock was drawn partly from Stephen At¬ 
wood’s aud partly from Mr. Hammond’s 
stock. Since I have commenced breeding full- 
blood sheep I have used rams bred by Air. 
Hammond, and by Nelson A. Saxton, of 
Vergennes. • Ironsides’ was bred by Nelson 
Richards. He was got by ‘America,’ bred 
by Mr. Hammond and sold by him to N. A. 
Saxton. ‘America’ was got by ‘ Sweepstakes.’ 
The weight of ‘ Ironsides' ’ first fleece was 14 !bs ; 
of his second, 20$ fts; of his third, 23$ lbs. As 
a stock getter I consider him one of the best I 
ever owned. • Young Ironsides’ was got by 
■ Ironsides ’ out of one of my best ewes.” 
CURRENT TOPICS DISCUSSED, 
YOUNG IRONSIDES 
IN-AND-IN BREEDING. 
haps, among human beings,) it is not per se 
injurious to any portion of their human organ¬ 
izations: and that among the -killful breeders 
of brutes, it is found the readiest means to ex¬ 
pedite anti perfect great improvements. It is 
the contrary belief that is the theory. It was 
the effects of improper in-and-in 
on the abuse instead of the use of 
and the former being much the most com- 
have settled into 
SOME weeks, or rather months since, a cor¬ 
respondent hailing from Pike llun. Pa., ex¬ 
pressed a desire that either Lew is F. Allen. 
or ourselves, answer the communication on the 
above named subject by U, H. Saunders, 
which we published March 5th; and he a little 
sarcastically (as Artemas Ward would -ay.) 
suggested that the respoudent to Mr. s. “ deal 
iu facts and uot in theories, ’—as much as mod¬ 
estly to hint that Mr. Allen in his communi¬ 
cation of January IGth. and ourselves in our 
recently published Works on Sheep, had “dealt'’ 
mostly in the latter material in discussing this 
topic, at -least in comparison with Mr. Laun¬ 
ders. 
After twice recently treating the subject 
somewhat fully, we cannot shake off the feeling 
that in coming before the pubUc for the third 
time, we are literally *• with a thrice told tale 
vexing the dull ears of drowsy men.” Y et by 
far the major part of the present auditory is a 
new one; toe have never presented our views 
ou the subject in these columns—and it is time, 
we suppose, that our Pike Run friend was an¬ 
swered. We shall not now, however, take 
time or space to make much more thau a refer¬ 
ence to some of the- most prominent of those 
facts which Pike Hun is so anxious to have us 
“ deal in.'’ 
Let us drop a word prefatory to the Jiscus- 
siou. How prone are men to assume and hon¬ 
estly to imagine that their own preconceived 
notions are built on the soHd foundation of ex¬ 
perimental knowledge, and that all opposing 
uotions consequently rest on the shifting quick¬ 
sands of hypothesis'. The truth is, that nearly 
all the/m !s which directly illustrate the results 
of in-and-in breeding, go to show that among 
sheep and all other brute animals, (even, per- 
founded on 
breeding- 
it 
mon, prevailing impression 
fixed beliefs, and become so imbedded in popu¬ 
lar tradition, that each new generation adopts 
it without experiment —precisely as each suc¬ 
ceeding generation of children carefully avoid 
certain perfectly harmless forest plants because 
the older children pronounce them poison ; no 
one choosing to test the truth of the prevalent 
belief to the danger of his own person! 
Mr. Allen, in his discussion of this subject, 
mentioned tbe significant fact that “ the gene¬ 
alogy of God's chosen people, the IsraeUtes, is 
full of close intermarriages.” He said: 
“Isaac, gone! Abraham, married his cousin Re- 
bekah. Jacob, son of Isaac and Rebkkah, married 
his cousin Rachel, and of the twelve sons of Jacob 
(Jacob and Benjamin only, sons of Rachel) more or 
less of them, intermarried with close relat ions. Moab 
and As Ri'N^ounder# of powerful tribes, were sons of 
the ineesttions connection of Lor with bis two daugh¬ 
ters. Aside from these, numerous instances of illus¬ 
trious men and women of ancient civilized history, 
trace their origin to what, under our present laws, 
would be rank incest, yet not so considered by Greek 
or Roman law givers." 
The special force of the above IsraeUtish ex¬ 
amples rests on the fact that we cannot but 
suppose that if such intermarriages necessarily 
lead to a degeneration of mankind, the “ chosen 
people’’ would have been prohibited from thus 
intermarrying by Hitn who gave them their 
laws. But there is a vastly stronger case in 
point, affording the direct sanction of Omnipo- 
USBANDRY 
MR. HAYWARD'S INFANTADO SHEEP. 
Mu. Cilvs. N. Hayward, of Bridport, Ver¬ 
mont, cuts of two of whose rams accompany 
this article, thus writes us:—“ In the autmnuof 
1S54 I purchased of my esteemed townsman. 
Prosper Klituarr, his entire crop of ewe 
lambs numbering nearly fifty and ten breeding 
ewes. A large proportion of these were pure 
Infantados. Since that time I have replenished 
my flock by purchases from Victor Weigh r, 
then of Cornwall, now of Middlebury, whose 
