would say, catch the oue that dug it, kick him, 
(not too hard,) and—but I must remember that 
I am not judge. Now, will friend B. please to 
read my remarks as I write them, :md not in 
any way pervert my meaning. 
West Springfield, Pa. John IIammeraway. 
sleeping place, our Lady Bessy Hog, well fed, 
and regularly fed, will support her little family 
with profit to her keeper aud without visible 
injury to her own condition, for a full month. 
Then, let an opening be made at oue side of ber 
breeding stye, just large enough to allow of one 
of her youngsters getting from the stye into h 
narrotv but enclosed adjoining slip in which a 
shallow pan or trough of really good stuff, 
(barley-meal, thinly at first, mixed with milk, 
warm skimmed milk and water,) should he 
placed at three regular hours daily. The little 
pigs will at first feed iu a slovenly fashion 
enough; their paws will be as deep as their 
snouts in the tempting mess, and their jaws 
will get more on the outside than on the inside. 
But mayiater artium venter — the belly is the 
great master of arts, applies no less truly and 
strongly to pigs as to men, and after a day or 
two your young pigs will require a larger 
supply of their outer stye food. Two great 
objects are thus accomplished: the young pigs, 
without privation to themselves, are gradually 
weaned, and the mother pig suffers the less 
from their appetite, increased with their growth. 
I have known in my own management of my 
styes, at Upton Grey, in Hampshire, a single 
fortnight to wean ft large litter of pigs, both 
mother and little ones being iu really splendid 
condition. 
Let it be remembered that air. sunlight, 
cleanliness are as congenial to properly kept 
pigs as to humans. Pigs thrive iu muck, eh? 
Yes, and so do measles and foot rot, neither of 
which would afflict the porcine family if the 
above brief directions be complied with; the 
troughs being of cleanly kept iron, and the 
styes having a southern exposure.—TV. T. U.. 
—Practical Farmer. 
WOOL GEOWEBS AND MANUFACTURERS. 
crcd over scenes in t he life of Snakspeare'a “ Moor of 
Venice;” hundreds of others have probably perused 
t he “ melodious meandering* ” of Tom Moure, the 
poet; bnt few of them, pet haps, have yot, scanned the 
most alb'Cllng and stirring production of the. 
modern Moore— I). D. T. Moore, editor of that excel¬ 
lent fnrmns and family newspaper, the Rniue Nbi* 
Yorker In his last issue, that robust bin.ruthla» 
rustic rushes from the sylvan scenes of “ rural felicity” 
to which bts sanctum U situated, and “ ndvancine 
boldly to the charge”— regardless of the feelings of 
forty [fifty] uuiusnnd subscribers, bn takes up his pon 
•• lays rimvn t he law,” and “ hits the nail on the head ’1 
In the following sleaga-hatninor fashion: 
“ Termsofthe Ruual.— Until otherwise announced 
tiu> subscription price of the Eurai, New-Yorker 
will he as published this week—$3 per annum. The 
paper can not be a (forded for ices, and we leu*,-, the 
backbone to make the advance, without consultation 
with Contemporaries, If the friends of the ltutiAj 
sustain us, well; If nog we can better afford to lose 
t wenty, thirty, or forty thousand subscribers than to 
publish at a loss. When we can give lower tenua, or 
club rales, they will be Announced, Meantime, all 
moneys received on subscription will bo credited at th, 
ab ive rate.” 
Wc emphatically recommend the Rural New 
Yorker— at its present price—as being the cheapest 
agricultural journal published weekly iu this country 
ti is not possible lor farmers, Block-breeders, makers of 
farm implements, etc., to moreprofitably invest tain 
the literary line than by subscribing for the above 
named journal.— American Artisan. 
— tin reading the first paragraph of the above wc 
thought perhaps Ike writer wits inclined to he facetious 
at oar expense, but the conclusion Is so sound and 
sensible, ns well as timely and truthful, that wc over¬ 
look our friend’s classically humorous exordium. Be¬ 
ing oue of the “cruft” he of course knows whereof ho 
affirms as to the comparative cheapness or newspapers 
—for he Can judge Tar better lltau an outsider in regard 
to t he first cos’ of producing n journal containing such 
tpiaiily, quantity and variety of reading ns does the 
Huraj. New Yorker The truth is, we expend 
thousands of dollars more than any other Agricultural 
and Family weekly for contributions, engravings, etc., 
and give far more reading matter than most of them. 
And while we generally limit our advertising depart 
meat to a few columns—thna excluding therefrom 
many matters which would pay well and largely — 
some of our agricultural contemporaries give hom 
twelve to twenty columns of advertisements in each 
number I No wonder, then, that, they can afford to 
furnish their journals at a less price than we eautfie 
Rural. It. is not the low fit priced paper Unit is the 
cheapest, in any branch of journalism, yet not a few 
people arc annually governed in their literary invest¬ 
ments by the price of journals for which they subscribe, 
regardless of quality or tents or appropriateness to 
their wants Fortunately, however, the lat ter class is 
daily decreasing in number, and now, as heretofore, wc 
are willing to abide the result of careful examination 
and comparison of merits, confident that the intelligent 
and discrimlna’ing will decide correctly 
Noei.es town, Allegheny Co., Pa., Oct, 15,1SG4. 
Hox. n. S. Randall: — It is pleasing to 
observe that our three great wool growing 
States, Ohio, New York and Illinois, have each 
organized State Wool Growers’ Associations— 
thus preparing the very best way for dessemi- 
nating a vast amount of valuable information 
among their members and among the wool grow¬ 
ers of the United States generally. 
The woolen manufacturers have lately held a 
meeting for consultation in regard to the luture 
of the wool trade, tariff, &c. It is confidently 
hoped that the manufacturers will continue 
their meetings statedly, and publish their pro¬ 
ceedings, so as to make them accessible to the 
wool grower: and that they will also become 
members of the different State Wool Growers’ 
Associations, take part in them, and freely ex¬ 
press their wants and desires. Thus the Asso¬ 
ciations will bring together the manufacturers 
and wool growers, and tend strongly to their 
mutual prosperity. This is an advantage that 
has not hitherto been enjoyed. Such a consum¬ 
mation would not ouly benefit the parties most 
immediately interested, but also the whole 
American people. It is as much the interest of 
wool growers to furnish the manufacturers of 
different articles just such wool as is suited to 
their wants and tastes as it is for the merchant 
to furnish goods precisely adapted to the wants 
and tastes of his customers. It is evident that 
no one kind of wool is suited to all purposes of 
manufacturing. For instance, .saxony wool 
can not be advantageously replaced by any 
other. Mutton is .indispensable; and the wool 
of the mutton sheep is indispensable for comb¬ 
ing and other purposes that finer wool is not 
suitable for. It is easy to see what vast advan¬ 
tages are to be gained by the manufacturer 
and wool grower meeting together frequently, 
and cordially and fully expressing their mutual 
wants. Becoming Intimately acquainted, they 
will get to know and he enabled in part, at 
least, to obviate the difficulties which have 
hitherto risen between them. They are breth¬ 
ren, and neither can be injured without injury 
to the other. For the first time iu tho history 
of the woolen manufacturers ami wool growers 
of the United States, the different State Wool 
Growers* Associations have opened the way for 
the cultivation of the proper brotherly inti¬ 
macy between parties whose interests are ever 
identical. J. McD. Glenn & Bro. 
A WORD ABOUT FLOWS. 
Eds, Rural New-Yorker:—I would sug¬ 
gest to persons purchasing plows, to try a left- 
hand plow if they have not done so. It will 
save an endless amount of steam which must be 
lost by way of yelliug continually at the lead 
horse in plowing with a right hand plow—such 
commands as “haw! whoa, haw!’* &c., being 
unnecessary, as the leader walks in the furrow 
and will not attempt to leave it. I have never 
yet seen even a mention of this improvement 
in plows in any agricultural paper, and as it is 
such small things that make the rough way of 
the farmer more easy, I think you should dis¬ 
cuss them once in a while. 
A sub-soil plow, or rather a sub-soil lifter 
plow, is a very useful implement and would add 
largely to the productiveness of our farms if 
used rightly; but not one iu ten hereabouts 
ever saw one. in operation. Iron (wrought) 
beams and handles are a great deal better for 
plows than wooden ones, as they are not likely 
to break, and such plows will not choke in 
plowing-in coarse manure or stubble, where a 
wooden beam will. But I have said enough on 
this subject, for I only wish to call attention to 
it, in order that others more competent may 
discuss it. k. e. 
Industry, Fa 
Remarks. —Left-hand plows are no “new 
improvement.” They have been generally used 
for many years in the tobacco fields of Virginia. 
We saw them there iu general use ten years 
ago. So, also, there are sections in almost every 
State where they are preferred. They certainly 
possess some advantages over the right-hand 
plow, but never having used them, we can not 
give an opinion as to their relative value to the 
farmer. We shall be glad to hear from such as 
have used both. 
Hoeing out Wheat. 
TnK use of the horse-hoe in the growing 
wheat Is quite common on the best managed 
English farms, where the grain is put in with a 
drill. In answer to a Scotch correspondent, Mr. 
Mechi lately published the following note on 
this subject: 
“ A northern correspondent complains of 
weeds, aud asks me whether it would not be 
bettor to drill. In reply. I say that broadcast¬ 
ing is one of the weak points in Scotch farming, 
great stones or ob- 
Communications, <£tc 
CHINCH BUG IN WHEAT. 
THOSE WOODCHUCKS, AGAIN. 
A. W. Pease of Salem, Wis., writes the 
Rural:— “To prevent the Chinch bug from 
destroying wheat, at the time of sowing your 
wheat mix a small quantity of Hungarian grass 
seed with the wheat and the bug will not inter¬ 
fere with the wheat until they have destroyed 
all the grass; by that time the wheat will be too 
forward for them to injure it. The grass will 
not injure your wheat if no bugs appear. Pigeon 
grass will answer the same purpose, but when 
that is once in the land it is not so easy to get 
rid of it. The Hungarian will not live over 
winter. Try it.” 
Eds. Ruual New- Y orker :—On receiving 
the Rural to-day, and noting its contents, I was 
somewhat surprised upon reading the article 
from N. H. B. headed “ Killing Woodchucks,” 
as I had no intention of eliciting a reply when 1 
sent you my little communication, partially in 
answer to the question asked, hut still more 
because I thought it a good opportunity of ex¬ 
pressing my views on the wanton destruction 
so general—for, as far at least as my knowledge 
extends, it is general. And I write the present 
answer, not to argue with him about his indi¬ 
vidual “ woodchuck case,* - but to affirm all that 
f said before: and to remove the seeming com¬ 
plications he would place upon my first. And 
I too will be glad to acknowledge the editor as 
our judge. 
In his “hits” at my letter, Mr. B. first says 
that I am “ inclined to class the woodchuck 
with the feathered family.’’ <fec. Now, as one 
interested, I would say I was aware of no such 
inclination. 1 stated distinctly in the com¬ 
mencement of my letter that I “asked for a 
little space in the columns of the Rural, alOw* 
not exactly in answer to the question asked,'’ 
for it offered me a text which 1 might use as the 
foundation of a few remarks on the general and 
unwarranted destruction of all species of ani¬ 
mals. In rearing a structure, the mechanic 
does not coniine himself entirely to the use of 
the material composing the foundation, but 
uses different articles, which heighten the con¬ 
trast, so as to make it appear more pleasing, as 
well as serving to strengthen it. But if I was 
to reason from the stand-point of friend B. I 
should infer decidedly that the classing of 
“horses” aad “barley,” and “sheep” and 
“thistles,” and “oats” and “woodchucks,” 
Ac.,—things both animate and inanimate,— 
would form a greater chaos than the classing 
or animals he spoke of in my letter, which would 
at least have the advantage of being all animate. 
But my letter was not a studied argument, nor 
did it abound in nice distinctions, hut merely a 
few thoughts as they came, without order or 
arrangement, which shaped themselves into a 
little plea for alZ the animals under our care or 
control, the woodchuck included. It may be 
that in the case of Mr. B. the said animal de¬ 
serves to be killed, or at least “kicked,” for it 
would certainly not be very agreeable or profit¬ 
able to harbor him while committing the 
numerous depredations mentioned. Please re¬ 
member that I did not bring forward the 
Webster case as one parallel with his, only 
asking If be could apply it, and perhaps ho did 
feel some doubt about “ poisoning the whole 
race of woodchucks,” for one is apt to cry out 
when touched in a tender spot. In speaking of 
the persons roaming from field to wood, I did 
and is only justifiable where 
structions would prevent the use of the drill. 
Broadcasting is quite out of date in the South, 
for by it we lose the great benefit of the horse- 
hoe. When a dry, bright day, or a good weed¬ 
killing day offers in the spring, away goes my 
utan at break of day with Garrett’s horse-hoe, 
which I have used nearly twenty years, and by 
sunset he has clean hoed twenty acres of wheat, 
cutting everything up between the rows, which 
are nine inches apart. The herse-hoe covers a 
space of seven feet four inches. Ten to twelve 
acres are considered a day’s work; but with an 
extra pair of horses, and an extra shilling for the 
man, we get over twenty acres. The same re¬ 
mark applies to beans. This is by far the best 
and cheapest means of keeping our land clean; 
and the hoes cultivate, on their second use, 
almost as deep as the plow. Care must be taken 
to hoe before the spring fibers work in between 
the rows — to cut these would be injurious to 
the crop, either corn or ipot crops. We harrow 
our beans well when nbout one Inch out of the 
ground, and liom-hoe them twice when further 
advanced in growth. The hand-hoe is used in 
the rows, it does not pay to permit weeds to 
grow among your corn.” 
Sorghum Flour —A Georgia paper talks of a sam¬ 
ple of sorghum flour its editor has seen, which those 
w ho have tried it pronounce to be an admirable substi¬ 
tute for buckwheat. And U is asserted Unit it makes 
excellent, hoe cake, aud is likely to come into very 
general use if prepared line wheat flour by bolting. 
“ Five million bushels of sorghum seed,” it says, “has 
been raised iu Georgia the present season As a sub¬ 
stitute for coffee, no patched grain or vegetable ordina¬ 
rily used as substitutes is at ail equal to sorghum seed. 
And what Is still more valuable to know, in the present 
scarcity of sugar, a small quantity of the syrup boiled 
with ground seed makes the coffee substitute very 
pleasant and palatahle." 
DOGS AND DOG LAWS 
BY J. K- DODGE. 
Continued from page 342, last No 
WHY THEY SHOULD BE TAXED. 
In these days of taxes it may seem absurd to 
attempt to tell why. It ought to be unnecessary. 
Horses are taxed, cattle, sheep: carriages are 
taxed, and the ladies pianos, plate, watches, Ac.; 
Lank checks, mortgages, foreign passage tickets, 
receipts, aud policies of life insurance—every 
imaginable species of property, and almost every 
occupation or privilege of trade. Y et tho o wner 
of this property in domesticated animals, imita¬ 
ting the habit of bis proteges, absolutely whines 
over a tax upon his dog, wags a vituperative 
tostgue at the makers and excutors of the law, 
aqd growls on the compulsion of its payment. 
!>ogs are property, and therefore taxable. 
The doubt of this fact, which some dog owners 
entertain, is only proof of the general useless¬ 
ness of most of them. If a dog proves to be of 
the least utility, his owner finds no difficulty, in 
case of his maltreatment or canieide, in getting 
damages for his property in the animal. 
A bear or a wolf may be kept, and also be¬ 
comes property, and the owner or bhowman 
who keeps them is taxed, and if allowed to 
trespass upon the grounds or property of others, 
the proprietor is liable for damages. 
While the dog is property, the utility of such 
property is limited, and its excessive distribu¬ 
tion gives scope to the wild or predatory element 
of the race, and becomes a nuisance, a constant 
trespass upon the rights of citizens, to be abated, 
and if the necessity of the case demands it, ex¬ 
terminated. 
The dog may, then, either be taxed as simple 
property, or his keeping be licensed as a matter 
to l|e regulated and restrained by law. Nor 
<!oe.s a State constitution, like that of Ohio, 
which requires the levying of taxes according 
to value of property, prevent such licensing and 
restraint upon an animal which is half domestic 
and half predatory. 
The silly objections to the principle of taxing 
dogi show the poverty of arguments against it. 
Oneman assumes it to be taxing one person to 
pay the losses of another, lor which he is in no¬ 
wise responsible. But a man who owns a dog, 
which may go unrestrained upon the premises 
of otlerers, is responsible for damages he may 
oecasijn; and when, from the multiplied num¬ 
bers cf the race, and its habit of nocturnal wan¬ 
dering, it becomes au unmitigated nuisance, 
almost impossible of detection in its depreda¬ 
tions, the community has a natural and legal 
right to impose whatever restrictions may, in 
the judgment of the law-makers, be necessary to 
abate the nuisance, although such restraints may 
reach good and bad alike, and affect the poodle 
lhat canaot harm a kitten, as well as the wolf- 
h.ound that, lurks in the path of the travelers 
But one person is not taxed specifically to pay 
the losses of another. The man who owns a 
-jog should he taxed just as the ownerof a sheep 
or lamb is taxed. Again, the dog may be 
■taxed as a police regulation and restraint upon 
production. And then it is not only poetical, 
but. exact, equal justice, that the money that 
comas from taxes of dogs should be used in 
part to pay the damage occasioned by dogs. 
It is common for whiners over the dog tux to 
ask w by the community should not be taxed to 
What Dors us Good —It is to have a straight-for¬ 
ward, practical farmer come into our office and give ns 
a fact that he thinks valuable for others to know be¬ 
cause it has proved valuable to him. And when he has 
given it, and we have reciprocated by giving him such 
information as he may seek to obtain from ns, it does 
u- good again to have him take his leave without stop¬ 
ping to give us a verbal biography of himself, his 
neighbors, and of his and their flocks aud herds. It 
does ns good, because we are glad to sec him the next 
time he comes. 
Management of Young Pigs. 
“Pigs, young or old, will eat anything, 
and pigs thrive in muck.” During the last fifty 
years or so of my long life I have at least thrice 
fifty times heal'd that singularly stupid remark 
from the lips of men whose experience, to say 
nothing about their possession of at least 
average common sense in regard to matters and 
things in general, should have taught them 
better. Excepting young humans, 1 know of 
no creature that requires for the attainment of 
its greatest physical perfection greater atten¬ 
tion or more skilful management than a young 
pig. And, in truth, as to internal structure, 
there is far less difference than people in general 
suppose, between the young child and the young 
pig. Let the child be kept in comparative 
darkness, and on unwholesome food, and you 
will have in the result, a stunted, weakly man 
or woman, of a scrofulous body and an intellect 
to match. In the case of the pig, of course, the 
i ntellect is out of the question. IV hat you want 
to secure in piggy’s case Is the greatest capacity 
in fattening, that it may be the earlier produc¬ 
tion, as to time, and yield the largest possible 
quantity of pork in cash. If you would ruin 
your pig, as to both of those requirements, pray 
take as your rule of porcine management the 
profound maxim quoted at the head of this brief 
paper, but be assured that, iu doing so, you will 
make pig-feeding a mighty unprofitable pursuit, 
whether as to your larder or your purse. 
Remember young pigs, like young children, 
find weaning anything but a pleasant process. 
The former, like the latter, should be weaned 
gradually, and the gradation should be com¬ 
menced very early. In my native county, 
Hampshire, Kugland, we pay so much atten- 
Fatal Accident.— Death of a Publisher.— We 
are pained to learn that Mr. M. W. Simmons, publisher 
of “ The Laws of Life,” a Health Journal issued from 
t he Water Cure known as “ Our Home,” at Dansvillc, 
was last week almost instantly killed by being thrown 
from a wagon while tho horses were running. Mr. S, 
had for several years been engaged in publishing at the 
Cure, and, possessing many noble qualities, his sudden 
death casts a pall of gloom over the “Home” and a 
large circle Of friends. 
Turkeys and Grasshoppers. 
At a recent meeting of the Cincinnati Horl. 
Society, Mr. Howarth stated that the turnip fly 
and grasshoppers were destroying all the t urnips 
as fast as they put forth any leaf. Mr. Consan- 
dine said that for grasshoppers there was no 
better remedy than the keeping of turkeys. 
He had often saved his turnip crop completely, 
thanks to their kind offices, while his neigh¬ 
bors, who did not keep turkeys, had lost theirs 
entirely. 
A House for Gen. Sherman —The patriotic people 
of the town of Lancaster in the county of Fairfield. 
State of Ohio, who claim Gen. Sherman as a Lancas¬ 
ter man, have purchased of John Rkbkr the splendid 
stallion ISronx, to be taken immediately to Georgia as 
u present to the hero of Atlanta Bronx is a horse of 
line appearance and great power, the produce of im 
ported Monarch and Lady Canton, aud is now nine 
years old. So says the Ohio Farmer. 
iHuml Notca anb ®tuerics 
Munificent Offer to Found an Agricultural 
College.—I t is announced that the Hon. Ezra Cor¬ 
nell, State St r.ator and Ex-President or the N. Y. State 
Agricultural Society, ol Ithaca, Is about to offer to the 
State of New York three hundred acres of valuable 
land at Ilhaca, and $300,000, to bo appropriated to an 
Agricultural College to bo located there. The offer is 
made tipon certain conditions, which are, however, 
doomed so raisonoblo as to leave no doubt that it 
will be accepted. ThiB will probably result in the 
establishment of on Institution that will be a credit to 
the State and to the founder. 
— It. should bo a sou ice of pride in the farmers of the 
Empire State that they embrace among their number 
some such men as Ezra Cornell. Though ns rare as 
the Peter Coo feus in cities, men of the. noble-hearted 
generosity and discriminating liberality of Mr. Con 
NKi.L are occasionally found in the country,—but the 
above Is the moat munificent appropriation yet made 
for a like purpose by an American Farmer. But it is 
characteristic of the man As many of our readers 
will remember, Mr. Cornell not long ago gave 
$50,000 to establish a public library in Ithaca. 
Night Soil for Hot-Beds.—(A New Subscriber) 
Wo have never used it for this purpose, but think it 
could he used to much better advantage for application 
to the soil In a dilute lkpiid form, or composted with 
muck, charcoal, and other materials. (See page301, 
current vol. Kukal ) It Is our opinion that horse ma¬ 
nure is Better for the hot-bed—the heat being easier 
Controlled. 
Eastman's Business College.— The merits of this 
popular and highly prosperous Institution are fnily 
and conspicuously set forth on our last page. Young 
and middle aged men, and all others interested in 
Business or Commercial Education, will of course heed 
the announcement of Mr. Eastman. 
Cast Steel Plows.— 1 wish some of your readers 
would give their experience with steel plows, for 1 
think they are the best, but have no experience with 
them.—K K. 
Steel plows are altogether need on the prairies. In 
some pans of the east (as well as west) east cast steel 
plows are used and are popular Wc shall be glad to 
The Wrn ri.iiN Rural— a paper recently started at 
Detroit, and already Javorahiy noticed by us - publish¬ 
es several notice's from exchanges which speak of Its 
editor (Mr. H N F. Lewi.-) as having formerly been 
connected with the Rural New-Yorker, and some of 
them allude very highly to the latter Journal. Wc have 
been asked, verbally und by letter, when Mr L. was 
connected with this journal. Iu reply we have only to 
say that he never had any connection whatever with 
I he editorial depailtnent oi the Rural, though be was 
employed for awhile, some years ago, iu ins counting 
room The “connection” was simply In the cl erica! 
branch of the office, and from it uo doubt arose the 
Supposition that It was otherwise. If Mr. I,, has, by 
copying the notices, given au erroneous impression, it 
was no doubt unintentional, for wc suppose him to be 
an honorable journalist who would not knowingly 
deceive his readers or the public, even in a matter ol 
such small consequence as the one mentioned. 
Warts on Cows. —We have a very valuable cow 
whose teats aro covered with warts which are likely to 
ruin her. Will some contributor, who has had experi¬ 
ence in the matter, give me information how to remove 
them without injury to the cow? aud^obligo— A Far- 
Melt's Wife? 
Com a from Buckwheat Honey— Will some of oar 
experienced apiarians tell ns If bees make comb from 
buckwheat honey f-A H. II. 
