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TRICHINA SPIRALIS 
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GENTLE RIVER 
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Casks of infestation of the human body by 
that singular entozoon, the Trichina Spiralis, 
are reported in a number of localities in this 
country. The existence of this little worm as 
a denizen oi the muscular system of man and 
other animals has been known for some time, 
but the recognition of a special disease due to it 
alone is a recent discovery of the German phys¬ 
iologists. 
Anatomists in aii countries have occasionally 
had their attention called to a peculiar spotted 
appearance presented by human muscle, and 
portions of tissue thus marked have revealed, 
under the microscope, a minute coiled worm, 
surrounded with a calcareous envelope, reposing 
quietly in its singular position. As ail cases of 
this kind that could be traced were presumed 
to have died of weil-recogUized diseases, and as 
no symptoms which could be referred to the 
presence of these worms were recorded, the 
worms were regarded as liarmless, and de¬ 
scribed merely as objects oi scientific curiosity. 
But within a few years the medical profes¬ 
sion of Germany has had its attention called to 
certain anomalous cas! > of disease, first sus¬ 
pected to he cases of acute poisoning. Chemi¬ 
cal investigation nullifying this suspicion, fur¬ 
ther investigation revealed in all the subjects 
examined the presence of Trichina; in large 
numbers. As the Trichina* were known to 
exist also in the fiesh of swine, and as previous 
investigation had shown the possibility of the 
transference of entozoa from animals to man. 
suspicions were awakened, experiments tri* d, 
and it was finally demonstrated that these 
worms were not killed by a heat of 140°, and 
thus In imperfectly cooked meat containing 
them, might be transferred alive to the digest¬ 
ive organ.**. Careful investigation revealed also, 
that each one of these animals thus released 
from imprisonment in a few days gave birth to 
hundreds of others, which immediately com¬ 
menced to perforate their way through the in- 
testinesandsurroundingparts, makings straight 
path to the muscles of all portions of the body, 
especially those of the limbs. 
This perforation of parts by millions of mi¬ 
croscopic worms was attended with symptoms 
more or less violent, depending upon their num¬ 
ber-, and t!i:• ivn■, an 
"While passing the coats of the bowels violent 
purging often arose, simulating ar.-env.il poison¬ 
ing, and many persons had been unjustly sus¬ 
pected of Lhis crime, when persons eating*food 
prewired by them had been thus alarmingly 
seized. As the worms made their way Into the 
muscle, pains like those of rheumatism, cramps, 
weakness, or entire loss of power resembling 
paralysis, ensued, and when the numbers of 
Trichina! were large, wasting, exhaustion, and 
death followed. Persons escaping with few of 
these disagreeable tenants suffered in a smaller 
degree from similar symptoms, but gradually 
recovered, and a small portion of their muscles, 
removed and magnified, revealed the Trichina- 
arrived at their destination and undergoing the 
various stages of calcareous encystment. 
No effectual remedy for this disease has yet 
been discovered. Attempts have been made to 
remove them from the intestines by emetics and 
purging, but unless resorted to early, before 
any symptoms have appeared, this is ineffectual 
Parasitecide medicines have not been found to 
afford relief, and all that science has been able 
to do for public protection as yet, is to point out 
the source of danger. Swine and cats are the 
animals chiefly Inhabited by the parasite. The 
former only is supposed to he used for food, but 
cases are said to have been traced to ragouts, 
ostensibly of hare or rabbit, sold in the Parisian 
restaurants, and which were shrewdly sus¬ 
pected to he cases of dishonest substitution. 
Sausauges from swine’s flesh, smoked but un¬ 
cooked, are favorite articles of diet among the 
Germans, and in these Trichina'are often found. 
Under-done pork may contain them living, but 
if the entire substance of the meat be raised to 
the temperature of boiling water, the vitality of 
the worms is destroyed. 
The appearance of the disease in this country 
makes the above (acts of value to the public. 
We annex the description of a ease recently 
occurring in New York, (erroneously stated to 
be the first in this country,) taken from the 
Buffalo Courier;—The June number of the Buf¬ 
falo Medical Journal contains a long editorial 
detailing the facts concerning a newly-discov¬ 
ered disease which has appeared in Cheekto- 
waga, Brie county. New York. The discovery 
was recently noted in Germany, but the eases 
described in the Journal are the lirst which 
have been positively identified in this country. 
The disease ri caused by the presence in the 
muscles of a worm or parasite, known as the 
trichina spiralis, and in the eases recorded, the 
victims have become infected from eating the 
flesh of swine, in which the worm chanced to 
abound. The credit of discovering the disease 
is due to Dr. lvrombein, of Buffalo, who, in 
connection with Dr. C'uyler, of Lancaster, in 
the middle of May last, attended two patients, a 
mau and his wife in Cheektowaga. Both of 
these died. Another family of seven members, 
at Manilla, in that county, was attacked in the 
same way. The parents died, but the children 
arc reported alive, though in a dangerous con¬ 
dition. Dr. Lathrop writes the result of a mi¬ 
croscopic examination of the case. He says; 
“The specimen of human muscle taken from 
a person after death, and also the sausage he 
had eaten, which you gave me, supposing then* 
to contain the trichina spiralis, I carefully ex¬ 
amined under the microscope, both alone and 
with Dr. Iladloy. The parasite was found in 
both, in greut abundance, but in different states. 
Iu the muscle taken from the human body the 
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worm was free, while in the sausage it was en¬ 
cysted. In the first I failed to find the worms 
inclosed in a cyst. They were often more or 
less coiled, two or three turns of an elliptical 
form; but often the shape was not regular, 
though seldom straight. The irregular form in 
which the worm was found was probably 
caused by tearing and scraping the muscle, to 
render it thin enough to become transparent 
under the microscope, the normal shape being 
more or less coiled. Under the microscope the 
worm could be readily seen with a low power, 
and presented uniformly a pointed head, a body 
increasing in size to the tail, which had some¬ 
what of a truncated appearance, with a slight 
fissure. There was an appearance of un intes¬ 
tinal canal running the whole length of the 
body, somewhat undulating and filled with 
granular matter. 
••In the portion of the sausage examined, the 
worms were inclosed iu an ovoid cyst, and here 
were found free. Even scraping the muscle did 
not rupture the cyst. They were much smaller 
than the free worm, were always coiled, oecu- 
pyiug the centers of the cyst, and in most cases 
single. One cyst only was observed in which 
were two worms, separate from each other, 
each occupying an extremity of the cyst. The 
cysts were closed by the muscular fibers, which 
had the appearance of having been pushed 
aside, and at either end. the space where the 
muscular fibers separated was filled with fat 
globules. I did not find a cyst without a worm. 
The appearance was as here represented, mag¬ 
nified over 200 diameters. The worm occupied 
about one-third of the cyst space. In one small 
piece of the muscular tissue of the sausage, I 
should rather say small collection of scrapings, 
nearly thirty cysts containing worms were 
counted .”—Boston Fast. 
iterate. 
The Wounded Deacon. 
“In one room lies a gray-haired man. 
He will never again look at the rising of the 
sun. which is now with its setting beams gilding 
the tree-tops and falling tarough them, check¬ 
ered with waiving shadows, on the lawn be¬ 
neath. Thu wound from which most of his Hfe- 
biood has flowed has left him white and weak, 
but it does not pain him; so he looks quietly 
round, thanking one having written his last let¬ 
ter to his •folks,' another for shading his eyes 
from the sun with :ae fan which, until com- I !<*>.' of a single man, 
plaining of the cold creeping over him. had been I 
used to cool him; and another for offering the Wonderful Escape. 
said the chaplain, “go to your tents and write 
your letters, settle ail you woridly business, 
and whatever sins your have upon your con¬ 
sciences unconfessed and us forgiven, ask God 
to forgive them. As usual. I wiii go with you, 
and the Lord do with m. as it seemeth Him 
good.” 
The hour came—the assault was made—and 
these noble spirits rushed into “ the imminent 
deadly breach.” right into the jaws of death. 
But like Daniel when he was thrown into the 
Lion’s dec, it pleaded God that the lion's mouth 
should be shut. Scarcely an hour before, the 
enemy had secretly evacuated the fort, and the 
forlorn hope entered into full possession withomt 
SUGAR CANE AS A DISINFECTANT. 
A few years ago a ph\ sieian of Georgetown, 
West Indies, examined the body of a man that 
had been discovered under a heap of cane-trash, 
or tho fibrous residue of the canes, and found 
that the body emitted no smell, and was dried 
up like a mummy. He did not at the time pro¬ 
claim his discovery, but immediately instituted 
experiments on dead animals, which completly 
confirmed his observation. Convinced thereby 
that by the fermentation oi fresh cane-trash a 
disinfecting and antiseptic gas was evolved, he 
immediately turned his attention to the means 
of employing the sugar-cane as a preservative 
against epidemic and contagious diseases, and as 
a medicinal plant generally. There happened 
to be at the time a great number of patients 
suffering from ulcers at the hospital, and conta¬ 
gious gangrene had declared itself; the physician 
caused several tubs containing cane-trash to be 
placed in the waids, and the supply to be renew- 
further assistance which he does not need. He 
is only a sergeant, but • had just as leave be a 
private in such a cause.’ He was a deacon in 
his town, and ‘done the biggest part in getting 
up a comp’ny from it,’ the captaincy of which 
was offered him; but he thought he hadn't • edi- 
cation’ enough to do the ‘writin’ part of the 
business, and declined. But. thank God, he 
had • edicated’ his sons, and one of them, who 
had entered the service with himself, had been 
promoted, grade after grade, from the corporal- 
ship to the captaincy. His wife had dissuaded 
him from •jlning* the army at that time, but 
after the peninsular campaign • he couldn't stand 
it no longer.’ had bellied to get up another regi¬ 
ment in his township, and now here he was. 
Well, he was satisfied; he was in the Lord’s 
hands, and he would die in the faith that the 
Lord would stand by the Union and the stars 
and stripes to the end. He * hadu’t a speck o’ 
doubt about it,’ He’d like to know if his son, 
the captain, whose regiment had been In the 
fight with his own, was still alive, but he 
shouldn’t find out: and he would give all he was 
worth to see his wife and daughter once more. 
But he had always told them to prepare tor 
this, and hoped the Lord would give them 
strength to bear the news. 
Unflinching Bravery. 
A New Hampshire regiment had been en¬ 
gaged in several successive battles, very bloody 
and very desperate, and in each engagement 
had been distinguishing themselves more and 
more; hut their success had been dearly bought, 
both in tnen and officers. Just before taps, the 
word came that the fort they had been invest¬ 
ing was to be stormed by daybreak the next 
morning, and they were invited to lead the “ for¬ 
lorn hope! ” For a time the brain of the Colonel 
fairly reeled with anxiety. The post of honor was 
the post of danger; hut. in view of all circum¬ 
stances, would it be right, by the acceptance of 
W. F. Clark, a private in Kautz’s cavalry 
brigade, was taken prisoner, with two others, 
on July 2nd, 1863, at 2 o’clock P. M. While 
the rebels were scouring the woods for other 
prisoners, the guard who had Clark and his 
companions in charge, without a word of pre¬ 
vious explanation, ordered them to march in 
front of them. They blew out the brains of the 
first one: then of the second: and then poured 
a volley into Clark, leaving him as good as dead, 
with one bullet and nine buck-shot in him. 
He xemaiued where he fell unti. about four 
o’clock the next morning, when coming to him¬ 
self his first thought was of a stream of water 
he passed just on the other side of the field. 
Crawling as best he couldjto the stream, he rolled 
into it to conceal himself, c-overed everv part 
of him but his nostriis. when he heard any one 
approaching. That night a poor wom-out horse 
came down to the stream to get a drink. By 
this time, having rallied a little strength, he 
got up and caught the horse, made a bridle 
for him out of a pair of suspenders, and, in 
that condition, rode eight miles before daylight 
into our lines. There they put him into an am¬ 
bulance and brought him to the post hospital 
at Bermuda Hundred, in the steamboat Matilda, 
where I and Dr. Speer, of Dayton. Ohio, saw him, 
aud heard his story from his own iips. When I 
last saw him. seven shot had been extracted; the 
three others he did not think would give him 
much trouble. He had no idea, he said, of dy¬ 
ing after being shot in such a mean way. He 
wasn’t much in the rebels’ debt, any how. and 
when he was able to get on his horse again, he 
would soon wipe out old scores. 
Tennessee, and she was again pointed fair for 
her, and thanderingly coming down upon her 
to dash into her a second time, suddenly, to the 
surprise of all, she was herself tremendously 
struck by one of our own heavy vessels, also 
heavily coming down upon the rebel admiral, 
and it was thought for a brief moment, so fear¬ 
ful was the blow, she must go down. 
Immediately, and high above the dim of bat¬ 
tle, hoarse, anxious voices were heard crying, 
“The Admiral! the Admiral!save the Admiral! 
Get the Admiral out of the ship! ’’ The brave 
men utterly forgot themselves—thought not a 
moment of their own safety, but only of then- 
glorious old Admiral, wno was all in all to them! 
Nothing can better illustrate hi-, whole squad¬ 
ron’s love and devotion to him than this. When 
they themselves were in imminent peril of death, 
they only cared for him ! 
Co**** f&t tit* Diiwjj. 
For Moore’s Rural New-Yorker. 
MISCELLANEOUS ENIGMA 
I am composed of 37 letters. 
My 1, 2, IS, 6, 23, 27, 25, 26, 22, 28,11, 30 is what we aH 
like 
My 4, 33,19,12 is a lake in North America. 
My 16, 3. s is. what children should learn to do. 
My 37,14,16, 33 of my 11, 16 ,10, 7, 32, 2S is heard in 
battle 
My 29,14, 21 is a cape east of the United States. 
My 5, 34. 20 is an instrument used by us all. 
My 15,36, 16, 35,12 some women can do. 
My 31, 24,16, 37 is a cape east of the United States 
My 17,14 Is a little word we should all learn the tm 
parlance of. 
My 13,19, 29, 36 is the way we should do every thing. 
Wy whie Is a patriotic saying. 
Center, Rock Co,, VTis., 1864. Jenxis Fitch. 
US*” Answer in two weeks. 
For Moore’s Rural New-Yorker. 
DECAPITATIONS. 
-uch a proposition, to involve his already decim. 
ed at intervals. In a short time the atmosphere I ated regiment iu utter annihilation ? He called 
of tho hospital was purified, the contagion en- long and well-tried chaplain into council 
tirely ceased. | with him, and the chaplain advised him to let 
the men decide it for themselves. 
At the Colonel’s request he stated to the regi¬ 
ment all the circumstances. Not one in twenty 
probably would be left alive after the first 
charge; scarcely oue of the entire number would 
escape death, except as they were wounded or 
taken prisoners. No one would be compelled to 
go if he did not go with all his heart. Think it 
over men calmly and deliberately, and come back 
at 12 il. and let us know your answer. True to 
the appointed time they all returned. “ All ? ’ 
said I. Yes, sir; all. without exception, and 
all the men ready forserviceorsacrifiee! “ Now,’’ 
Oiling Leather.—T he Scicntijic Anierioiii 
says that oils should not be applied to dry 
leather, as they would invariably injure it. If 
you wish to oil a harness, wet it over night, cover 
it with a blanket, and in the morning it will be 
dry and supple; then apply neat’s foot oil in 
small quantities, and with so much elbow grease 
an will insure its disseminating itself throughout 
the leather. A soft, pliant harness is easy to 
handle, and lasts longer than a neglected one. 
Never use vegetable oils on leather; and among 
animal oils, neat’s foot is the best. 
Surgery in the Army, 
A CORRESPONDENT of the Springfield Kepub- 
Ucian says that the surgery of Sherman’s army 
is reaching an extraordinary high scale, as weap¬ 
ons reach perfection. Men wounded in head or 
neck are fed for weeks through silver or rubber 
tubes. A mau whose throat had been cut in 
a most dreadful manner, was fed for w eeks 
through a silver tube which was passed through 
a hole made by the surgeon in his chest 1 He 
was fat and hearty, and would quickly be at 
his duty. Such is the progress made by the 
medical department that half of a man’s face 
demolished by a ball or piece of shell is re¬ 
placed by a cork face, and it will be nothing 
strange see men in after years walking our 
J streets with cork heads; and here the rebels 
have the advantage of us, for most of them 
were born with wooden heads. 
Admiral Farragut and His Men. 
A iter the flagship Hartford had hauled off' 
from her fierce assault upon the rebel flagship 
Bkhbad a county in Pennsylvania and leave an an¬ 
imal. 
Behead a connty in North Carolina and leave a bind 
of wood. 
Behead a county in Alabama and leave a bind of 
drink. 
Behead a connty in Kentucky and leave a boy’s 
name. 
Behead a connty in Missouri and leave what we 
should all endeavor to be. 
Behead a county in Iowa and leave a place of resor 
Behead a connty in Pennsylvania and leave a boy’s 
nickname. 
Behead a notorious guerrilla and leave a musical 
instrument. Visa E. Moobb. 
Le Roy, N. Y , 1861. 
Answer in two weeks 
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker. 
A PUZZLE. 
What tri syllable consists of only one letter? 
Milwaukee, Wis., 1864. M. L. Skixneh. 
CT Answer in two weeks. 
ANSWERS TO ENIGMAS. &c., IN No. 770. 
Answer to Miscellaneous Enigma —’Taint safe to 
swap hosses when crossing a stream. 
Answer to Anagrams of Rivers —Potomac, Hudson, 
Minnesota, Kennebec. Colnmbns, Cumberland, St. 
Croix, St. Lawrence. 
Answer to Mathematical Problem —2-j miles per 
hour. 
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