MOOSE’S SURAL NEW-YOKKES, 
AN ORIGINAL UTTERLY 
RURAL, LITERARY AND PARTLY NEWSPAPER. 
CONDUCTED BY D. D. X. MOORE. 
OIURLKI n. BRAODON, AwMX>li»t« Editor. 
INFANT ADOS AND PAULARS. 
KBNBY S. RANDALL, LL. D„ 
JSditor Department of Steep Husbandry 
We have received inquiries from “Specta¬ 
tor,”' Rochester, N. Y., from R. Smith, Pitts¬ 
burg. Pa., and from John W. Zeigler, Rolling 
Prairie, La Porte Co., Indiana, concerning the 
varieties of sheep named at the head of this 
article. We confess we think portions of this 
topic are growing a little threadbare; and our 
correspondents must excuse us if we answer 
them in a lump, and without too extensive rep¬ 
etitions of previously published statements. 
1. In 1802, Col. David Humphreys imported 
into”Connecticut 70 Aleriuo ewes and 21 Merino 
rams. They are believed to have been Infsji- 
tados, and are the origin of tbe flocks so called 
in the United States. 
2. In 1809, 1810 and 1811, Hon. Wllliam 
Jarvis shipped 1.400 Paulars to different parts 
of the United States. Other cargoes of them 
were imported the same year by other persons. 
S. Having suffered an extensive collection of 
foreign works on sheep to become scattered 
among our friends, we cannot find a detailed 
description of the Infantados of Spain—nor, in¬ 
deed, do we remember whether those works 
contained one. or whether there is one extant. 
Petri's table, (given in Practical Shepherd, 
p. 15.) shows that they were large Merinos — 
those measured by him exceeding iu size the 
Negrettis, usually considered the largest of the 
Leonese flocks. Lasteyrie, in pointing out 
1 the characteristics cf tne principal c-p.bsaas, 
merely says of the Inl'antados that they have 
“ the same hairy coat when young '’ with the 
Paulars. 
SPECIAL CONTRIBUTORS I 
P. BARRY, C. DEWEY, 1 
H. T. BROOKS, L. B. LANGV 
English tongue. He expressly declares “there 
can be no better judge ” than Lasteyrie of the 
‘■distinction between, and the comparative ex¬ 
cellence of, the different flocks of Leonese 
Transhumantes ;” and he avows that he 
makes him his “ principal authority " in giving 
his account of the progress of those sheep in 
different parts of the world. Lasteykik’s 
works are not now before us, but we believe he 
visited and studied the Merino in every country 
of Europe wnere it had been introduced. We 
have the profounaest respect for the integrity 
and candor of Mr. Jarvis, but we did not 
think, and do not now think, that his opinions— 
perhaps we should rather say his recollections — 
in regard to the distinctions between Spani-h 
sheep, were entitled, where they disagreed 
with Lasteyrik'S, to equal weight with the 
results of the far more extensive and continued 
observations of one of the ablest and most ex¬ 
perienced judges of the Merino, in Europe. 
7, The present family of Vermont Paulars 
was introduced from Long Island into that 
State in 1823. We first, so far as we remember, 
described them as they were twenty-seven 
years after Mr. Jarvis’ latest importation of 
Paulars, 3 nd at lsast twanty-one years after 
that gentleman had ceased to pr r -er\e his own 
as a separate variety. Our description was 
contained in a Report on Sheep made to the 
THX RURAL Nkw-Yookhh Is designed to be unsur¬ 
passed In Value, Purity, and Variety of Contents, and 
unique and beautiful In Appearance. Its Conductor 
devotes Ills personal attention to tne supervision of its 
varlo«6 departments, and earnestly labors tt> render 
the Riiba!. an eminently Reliable Guide on all the 
important Practical, Scientific and other Subjects Inti¬ 
mately connect. *! with, the business of those whose 
Interests itaealously advocates, as a Family journal 
It la eminently Instructive and Enteruvlnlu.c—being so 
conducted that It can be safely ui&en to the- Homes of 
people or Intelligence, taste and discrimination. It 
axphracc* more Agricultural, Horticultural, Scientific, 
Educational, Literary and News Matter, Interspersed 
with appropriate Kngravlu Uian any other Journal,— 
reuderltnr it tin most complete Agricultural Litx- 
rajiy and Family Nkw*paj*e.b lu America. 
THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICK Of the RURAL is $ 3.00 per 
annum. For particulars as to Terms see last page. 
PORTRAIT OF THE ARABIAN HORSE “TARTAR. 
proceedings? Do you have discussions, and 
take part in them? If you have no such 
organization, now is the very best time to form 
one, and enter upon active operations. Why 
not form a Club at once, even if but few mem¬ 
bers can be obtained, and discuss and talk over 
your experience?—thereby “teaching one an¬ 
other ” in regard to the various operations and 
branches of farm husbandry, the breeding, 
rearing and fattening of stock, the use of 
improved machinery, &c. Would it not pay to 
devote at least one evening a week, or fortnight, 
in this manner?—and if your Society, Club, or 
whatever you call it, has not many members, 
perhaps your wives might also meet at the .same 
time and place, (at the house of one of the 
members,) and disc uss their successes and failure s 
iu matters pertaining to Domestic Economy, &c. 
What about the families of those who have 
left your neighborhood to “fight the good 
fight” which is to save the Union and Coun¬ 
try ? Have you a Relief Committee which sees 
that the wives and children of volunteers are 
suitably provided for during this inclement sea¬ 
son? If nay , are not you and your fellow towns¬ 
men at fault? 
it is to say there may not be a thorongh-bred 
Devon, and Durham, and Ayrshire bull. If we 
have an ani nal that we regard a type worth 
perpetuating, and breed accordingly so as to 
preserve tnl type, and the blood of that type as 
pure as pos >ble, we call the descendei^Yj-^at 
type thorcif bred. 
— In tbW connection we give an excellent 
portrait of the Arabian horse “ Tartar,” sired 
by the cvt> brated stallion “Imaum,"—a pure 
Arabian sialiion, presented by the Sultan of 
Muscat, to Mr. Pingree of Salem, Mass., and 
said to have been selected as the best of a stud 
of one hundred favorite horses. “ Tartar ” was 
bred by Asa Pingree of Topsfield, Mass., and 
subsequently owned by J. 8. Leavitt, of Salem. 
WHAT WILL YOU DO, AND HOW? 
Haying been answering interrogatories, 
thrown at us from all points of the compass, 
for a long time, we now propose to reverse the 
order, and ask a few for our “ inquiring friends” 
to oonrider. Possibly some of them may dis¬ 
cover, as we have, that it is much easier to 
ask than answer questions. Please, Gentlemen 
Farmers, and Fathers, take the. stand and “ true 
answers make, according to your best ktiowl- 
edge and belief’’ to the queries which shall be 
propounded. It is understood, however, that 
those who cannot answer promptly will be 
granted sufficient time to respond and take 
action in the premises. 
First, though not perhaps most important, 
have you made suitable provision for the physi¬ 
cal wants and comfort of your family? Is your 
“ house set in order ” to meet the blasts of Old 
Boreas, and the penetrating and inexorable 
visits of tbe Frost King? Are your generators 
of beat—stoves, furnaces, fire-places or grates, 
and good fuel —in order and convenient? In 
other words, are the women folk of the house¬ 
hold satisfied with the arrangements?—If so, 
you have been wise, and are fortunate indeed. 
And how about the provision made for, and 
daily attention given to, the care and comfort of 
your domestic animals? Are the hams, sheds, 
racks, etc., all right?—and all animals fed regu¬ 
larly aud sufficiently? Do you realize the im¬ 
portance of extra care and feed at this season, 
not only as a matter of interest and economy, 
but as a preventive of the loss aud disgrace of 
having bones aud hides for sale in the Spring? 
Are hay and stalk cutters, steamers for cooking 
food for stock, and like inventions, in use in your 
locality ? 
How about tue District .Schools — the “Peo¬ 
ple’s Colleges” whereat most of the Boys of 
America, and especially farmers* sous, must 
From this silence on the part of so 
experienced and so cricriminating an observer, 
we may probably infer that this variety had 
nothing to distingm-h them, in a special man¬ 
ner, from ether prime cabanas. 
4, Mr. Jarvis has given several different 
accounts of his importation of Merinos—all, 
however, agreeing in the main particulars. 
Ono of these, embodying a still earlier commu¬ 
nication on the same subject, was addressed to 
us December 22. 1841, and was published in the 
Trans. N. Y. State Ag. Society tne same year. 
Another was addressed to us iu 1S44, and is 
published in part in Fine IFooi husbandry. 
Another was addressed (we think about the 
same time, hut we have not the date.) to 
L. D. Gregory of Vt, and was republished in 
part iu Morrell's American Shepherd. 1845. 
.Still another, addressed to Mr. Morrell him¬ 
self. was published in the same work. 
5. Mr. Jarvis does not describe the Infan¬ 
tados in any of these letters. He describes the 
Paulars. in his letter to Mr. Gregory, as 
follows: 
« Tbe Paulars were undoubtedly one of the hand¬ 
somest Hocks in Spain. Theyverc of middling height, 
round bodied, well spread, 81 . night on tbe back, tbe 
neck of the buck? rising in a moderate carve from the 
withers to the Mining oa of ilia head; the head hand¬ 
some, with aquiline carte of the nose, with short, fine, 
glossy hair on the face, and generally hair on the legs ; 
the skiji pu tty smooth, that is, not tolling up or dou¬ 
bling abont tbe ncek or body, ns in some other i! ic’ks; 
the crimp iu wool was not so short as ia many other 
docks; the wool was somewhat longer, but it was 
close and compact, and was soft and silky to the touch, 
and the surface was not so much covered with gnm.’’ 
8. We never have attempted, in any of our 
works on sheep, to describe the Paular as it 
was found in Spain, or as it was when first in¬ 
troduced into the United States. We have con¬ 
tented ourselves with adopting the meagre de¬ 
scription of Lasteyrie, which is as follows:— 
The “ Paulars bear much wool of a fine quality; 
but they have a more evident enlargement behind 
the ears, and a greater degree of throatiness, and 
their lambs have a coarse, hairy appearance, 
which is succeeded by excellent wool.” We 
alluded to the discrepancies between a portion 
of these statements and those of Mr. Jarvis in 
Sheep Husbandry in the South, and in fine 
Wool Husbandry—giving, in the^t named 
work, some of our reasons for prwfct'txiiu to 
rely on the authority of the fbrmerlJftese 
were that Mr. Jarvis’ “opportuniq Hf fbr 
judging, good as they were, were not eq!»to 
those of Lasteyrik's; that Mr. Jarvis wrote 
some yews after he had seen any pure bred 
animals of the separate cabanas;” * and that 
* He mixed all his different varieties of Merinos in 
tsie or 1817, and bred them so ever afterwards 
SOME OF OUS CONDENSINGS 
Peas vs. dorn for Fattening Hogs.—A Fork 
Packer h.. ing averted the superiority of pea- 
fed pork o er corn-fed, a Canadian fanner sug¬ 
gests that, he publish a supplement telling 
farmers hew to grow larger crops of peas, and 
expresses his willingness to believe shat peas 
make better pork than corn does, but does not 
believe that pork packers are w illing to make 
as much difference in the price they pay for 
pork as there i- in the cost of fattening it. He 
says, “Either Canadian ’V iiers must continue 
to fatten pork at a loss, i r reduce the cost of 
feeding it ” He could never make peas con¬ 
verted ini > pork pay him fifty cents per bushel. 
breeding and Matching Horses , 
Is it charity, this helping the 
families of those who are fighting for us. y We 
trow not,—but that it is a duty which “you, and 
I, and all of us’’ at home should discharge with 
alacrity and cheerfulness. Aye, and let us dis¬ 
charge it thus. And will you not also remem¬ 
ber the soldiers iu the field—at the front—not 
only by contributions to the Sanitary and 
Christian Commissions, but by personal ef¬ 
forts—including tbe writing of letters and 
sending of tokens of esteem and encourage¬ 
ment? 
— Concerning the above and other matters 
of timely importance, Wiiat will you no, 
and how ? Answers through the Rural, and 
by other proper action, are now in order. 
Reader, you have the floor. 
A corres¬ 
pondent of the Canada Farmer makes some 
good suggestions when he advises farmers to 
match their horaes when young, “When you 
raise a Cult, put your mare again to the same 
horse, and get a span out of the same mare and 
horse. Let them grow up anil run together. 
If of the same color, so much the better; but 
there are other points to be looked at before 
this. They are generally of the same temper, 
size, gait. «fce,, which are the best points in a 
span of i itched horses for sale or for service.” 
Value ,f VilrCake for Fading .—An English 
lecturer otninemling this feed, says we have 
present in oil-cake the important feeding prop¬ 
erties of ’ he ordinary food for animats in a con¬ 
centrated form, and readily capable, when par¬ 
taken of by the animal, of becoming flesh and 
fat. One of the great advantages of feeding 
stuff wita the composition of oil cake is the 
presence of so much ready formed oil. 
Value f Orchard Grass for Pasturage,—It is 
valued for pasturage because it stands drouth 
better than any other, will bear heavier stock¬ 
ing, and cutties forward in the Spring very 
early. No grass grows so rapidly, or con¬ 
tinues growing so long throughout the season, 
or allow? to be pastured so early.’’ It grows 
better th «v most grasses under shelter. 
Trainiig Farm Horses .—A writer on this 
subject s. ys traiu your colts to three gaits in 
harness the fast walk always, the moderate or 
road gate for distance, and the rapid trot. We 
think success in the effort to train a colt to go 
these three gaits, must depend somewhat on the 
never have supposed mat it gave a parueie more 
value io any existing family of American Me¬ 
rinos to show that they sprung from one instead 
of .mother of those varieties. We expressly 
declared so when we had occasion, in 1844, to 
prove, by a connected chain of testimony, the 
pedigrees of the Vermont Paulars; and we 
have again and again publicly, and always in 
private, avowed the same opinion. But it is 
important to know that sheep are pure-blooded, 
and that they belong to an established variety. 
If they trace to an old established variety, the 
name of which can be satisfactorily ascertained, 
it is proper to call them by that name. It ia 
better to do so, because that name, to a certain 
extent, expresses a history, and marks the 
boundaries of blood between varieties or fami¬ 
lies. But whether of an old or new stock, they 
ought to have a fixed name, because it indicates 
a family pedigree, and family characteristics iu 
a single word, and without that confusion which 
grows out of the habit of frequently changing 
names or adopting different ones in different 
localities. This will always occur where sheep 
are named after popular breeders, instead of 
preserving an established designation. Among 
that multitude of varieties and sub-varieties of 
sheep in Great Britain which are regarded as 
established, we do not remember one that is 
called by the name of any individual, even in 
cases where an individual is thought to have 
developed and established a variety. Bake- 
well’s sheep were once popularly called after 
him to some extent, but what English writer 
does so now? 
THOROUGH-BRED HORSES. 
L. G. M., St. Johns, Mich., writes:—There 
has been some dispute here on what is termed 
“Thorough-bred or Blooded horses. 1 have 
contended they are running stock. Please tell 
us through the Rural and oblige." The term 
thorough-bred is now very differently applied 
to horses in different localities, and is causing 
considerable confusion among horsemeu and 
judges at Fairs. But well Informed people, 
when they speak of a thorough-bred horse, 
mean such as are descended in direct line from 
the Arabian horso, with perhaps, long ago. 
a slight admixture of the best English blood. 
These horses are generally too valuable for 
other than turf horses, and are generally used 
for running stock. Hence this term thorough¬ 
bred or blood horses, is generally applied to 
running stock. 
But, as we understand this term thorough¬ 
bred, or blood horse, any animal which has 
descended in direct lino from any one source is 
puie-bred, “thorough-bred, or blood’’—no mat¬ 
ter whether that source is five or fifty genera¬ 
tions distant. 
It is no more right to say there 
may not be a thorough-bred Black Hawk, than character and breed of the animaL 
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