jyifZPM 
MSOKK'S SSHAL 
Ju II 
xt a 
V jk' 
tail 
eighths Of an inch thick. The rafters are set pretty ance was rows 
close and covered with lath, as for plastering, though inches apart, opc 
further apart. The tiles are laid on these lath, in These rows were 
rr. Bach tile has at one end a hole to receive a fln* « - -‘ches 
wooden pin l»v which it is secured to the lath. An a l e *' ' 
rr of from -riv to eight inches I. given. 
This our readers can perceive will make a durable on them «iMion 
roof in a temperate climate, if the tiles are well brick on edge all 
burned. It is, however, very heavy, and would require - ( 
much better support than we often give in our cheap ^ ^ ^ ^ ftboV( 
frame Iiouhch. . .. ,, , , , 
Pan Tile* have their outline of a parallelogrannc • ' 
form; they are straight in the direction of their ° Vhe kiln 
length, hut curved in their cross section as seen ,n ^ ^ ^ 
engraving. « double wall ( 
inclj „ H long and - inches ,, etwee n t 
across, in a straight line, and half an inch thick, and 
they have a small projection f,r tongue burned at wher( . w# coa jj 
their upper end, by which they are. hung on the laths. ^ ( f , )Urnint( 
ance was rows of bricks on edge, set four or five little time and labor -re paired 1 from the Wper. | ~ ^oatTm^'wii™ K tall at Medina, on the 8th inst. Officers elcct^r/ > wideni—V«»T> 
inches apart, open to the bottom where the fires lay. Should the swarms be united and then need feeding of the board and put a coat of mortar when» Hlaid. ^ a AckR) gheU|y r ,.„ rr ,. H<]nU _ (ico ^ c . Cook. 
These rows were all arched below the floor, above the they must be moved either to the cellar or room, and | he cistern is n t omplete, save 1 covering ff/v , g^etory n. C. Bowen. Oor. secretary - W Hoag, 
lin s five arches on each length of brick. In filling fed by placing comb with honey in the chamber. By j may be done by laying plank, over the whole bedding JVwttvrnr _ Wi w T bi* Society is in a very nourish 
•, tiln kiln we began with brick, three rows, fifteen proper care and attention to these directions, there i on the surface of the first excavation, in morlar in g condition, finmidiSly and others iso An evidence of its 
.1 i rah all very open so that we could not walk will be but little danger in wintering bees having a j or splitting logs from the woods and laying them flat progress, it was voted to include all of Orleans and Niagara, 
incurs nigi, y i < ...I..*.*.™, * side down, and closing the joints Willi mortar. The and parts of Genesee and Erie counties, iu the jurisdiction of 
on them without hoar s oi P ,,n * s - " " was a ' J fican * . , pump pipe should lie laid into one end, and the the Society—and the propriety of making Medina the head- 
brick on edge all round between the pau t lcs und the TUe above was mis aid, and is not therefore, as lead(}r . fronl th0 h RUlu . r laid Into the other, <* Western N V Ag’l. Horticultural and 
• I . • . - tflx.-.n Till H I II «r III ihfl tl P .. . e/.N . r»nf thA fflfM RtAT^d RTf* 11 II ... , , rfl Ml 4. 
Lay the wall to the line, then remove the balance 
of the board and put a coat of mortar where it laid. 
Ii r ,. 8> five arches on each length <>r liricK. in lining 
a tile kiln, we began with brick, three rows, fifteen 
inches high, all very open, so that we could not walk 
on them without hoards or planks. There was also 
brick on edge all round between the pan tiles und the 
wall, put iu as wanted when putting in the tile. 
Then four rows of pan tiles, one above another, and 
a brick flat above the tile, and so on till the kiln was 
full, ho that in burning no tile touched the kiln floor 
or sides, and all the upper arch or roof was above the 
brick. The kiln door-way was in the middle of one 
Thk Shelby asp Ridgeway Uniox held its annual meeting 
at Medina, on the Sth inst. Officers elected: Presulenl —Voi,- 
nky A Ackk, Shelby. Vice President — George C, Cook. 
Iter. Secretary - S C. Bowen. Car. Secretary — W. Hong 
Treasurer— W. W. Potter. This Society is in a very nourish 
scanty supply of stores. 
The above was mislaid, and is not, therefore, as 
seasonable as we could desire, but the facts stated are 
of permanent value. 
before it is covered. This done, return earth enough 
to cover the surface at least one foot deeper in the 
middle than the surrounding ground; level it off 
neatly and sward it, and you have a complete filtering 
Cistern for eight to twelve years. 
They are laid on laths, either dry or on mortar, over- | anijrK . (1 at leaht ever y half hour. 15y looking in, we 
lapping laterally, the down turn of the one covering cou j ( j rc g„] a p. our fires and know when to close up. 
full ho that in burning no tile touched the kiln Hour Production of White Wax. , .... . 
mu, ho ui.il iu oui inns, . neatly and sward it, and you have u complete filtering 
or sides, and all the upper arch or roof was above the The last number of 7He Technologist, a valuable cj8tp * n for . , jt tf) twe , ve 
brick. The kiln door-way was In the middle of oue BO j,. n tific journal published in London, contains a ' 
end. and before lighting the fires, was built up with J)a p cr j,y the editor. P. L. Biminonds, Esq., on the * ' ' * 
a double wall of loose brick, and seven or eight lrade ju beeswax, from which we extract the fol- pjUtlSi Of ^VlUiCUltUVUt j^OfiCtlCSi. 
inches between filled in with loam well beat down. lowing: . 
W* had a peep-hole in the wall above the door-way, ^here arc two kinds of wax found in commerce — state societies. 
where we could see all over the top, inside, at the V( ,|| 0w or unbleached, and white, or purified and Conn, State Agricultural Society.— Tho Oth annual 
time of burning. It is necessary they should be ex- bleached. The bleaching of wax is effected by expos- meeting of this Society, recently hel<! at New Haven, was 
the upturn of the other, and overlapping longitudin¬ 
ally about three or four inches. In both pan and 
plain tiling, large concave tiles are used to cover tho 
ridges and hips, and gutter tiles are also UBcd for.tbc 
valleys. 
Of the cost of tiles, as compared with shingles, we 
are notable to form an estimate, hut we greatly lent 
our severe frosts following thaws and ruin would 
destroy the tiles in a short time. We believe there 
is a burn near (ieneva covered with tiles that have 
stood well for a number of years. The following 
communication is from an old English maker. We 
think, however, he is mistaken in regard to the thick¬ 
ness of tiles: 
Eos. He kai, Nkw-Vohkeu:—I n your issue of the 
‘24 tli of November, you make some remarks about 
roofing materials, with which 1 can not find much 
fault, excepting the thickness of tiles. Yon say the 
pan tile is halt an inch, and the fiat tile five-eighths 
thick; which should ho just tho contrary. In your 
issue of the 15th of December, you have a letter from 
\V.«. Lyman, Esq., of Moscow, N. Y., in which he 
ways he lias ideas which ho would be glad to have 
controverted if incorrect. Now, I am not very com¬ 
petent to give you all tho information you ask, not 
Sometimes a chimney would draw down, and the 
place under, on the top of the tile, would become 
black, and we bad to cover tho top of that chimney 
with a couple of bricks. It took three days and two 
nights to burn a kiln, beginning early the first day. 
Two men could carry on a small establishment. The 
expense of making an establishment would ho differ¬ 
ent in different localities, and any person could make 
a calculation for the locality be is in, better than a 
stranger. As to how long a slate roof will last, 1 
don’t know; but J have, I believe, seen roofs u hun¬ 
dred years old. 1 think tin will not rust here near so 
much as in England. Straw makes a warm covering 
for sheds or stables; but 1 don’t like to live in a house 
with a straw roof; they are too musty. They would 
he objectionable also, where wood fires are used, on 
account of sparks. Yours, o. c. 
Morristown, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y. 
♦ • * ♦ - 
FOOT-HOT IN SHEEP. 
Eng. Hi it a i. Nkw-Yokkkk: In your paper of the 
fitb inst., Cyrus Calvin asks fora cure for hoof-ail 
or fool-rot lu sheep. About five years ago my flock, 
of about 100, were much affected, so much so as to 
... I I. 1 ■ I UllU. UIUUOI'J , ItUUMOp ... * ’ ' V. *'-, ••*»■•" • 
tills it is first broken into amall pieces and melted in , v . , ,, ,, . .. , 
inis, a is mu 1 A Bill, New London Co.; George Osborn, Falrtn-lit Co ; Benj 
a copper cauldron, With water just sufficient to pro- Sllmn ,. r Windham Co ;.AWj»li ratlin. Litchfield Co.; Lovi 
vent the wax from burning. 1 he cauldron lias a pipe g ofl) Middlesex Co , K B. Chamberlain, Tolland Co. Cor 
at the bottom through which the wax, when melted, Serrrtary— H A Dyer, Hartford. Itec, Secretary—T .“.Gold, 
is run off into a large tub filled with water, and W. Cornwall Treasurer—V. A. Brown Hartford Chemist— 
covered with a thick cloth to preserve the heat till the *■ Johnson, New Haven. The Society voted that no fixed 
Impurities are settled. From tin* tub the clear melted «t>arie* be paid its officers. Also, afw a long discussion to 
" , ,, . ,, holds Fair this year, if an appropriation should be made by 
wax flows into a vessel having the bottom full of small tb6 Iie . glfltor0 
'“>!<*. Ou-OWBl. wl'lol. n 1” rtrenms upon a rylia- ^ A „ 
der, kc|.l comaantly ri'vulviny over watol. into wlliOl (( )|||H ^ orict , i M m,,.U„. H l.voa, . the 
ii OCCa-HiOJinlly dipB* By v - , and Vprlmlly rr ported the* action of the Executive Com 
at the same time drawn out into thin sheets, shreds, mittee during tho past year, lie stated the conditions upon 
or ribbons, by the continual rotation of the cylinder, which the last Fair was held In connection with the State 
which distributes them through tins tub. The wax Society -referred to tho vast ImpromnenU made on the 
thus flatted is exposed to the air on linen cloths, grounds of the Society — and gave outline, of the flnnnrial 
stretched on large frames, about a foot or two above ... «•-“ " W ""' toUo ™« hn * T * f ‘ >r 
' . , .. , , 1H01: President ■ James Lyon (unanlmonsly re elected.) 
the ground, in which situation it remains for several ltrr rri . lillni ,^ <• Blres, Albemarle; tVm. H. Madar- 
days and nights, exposed to the ail and sun, L< itig Richmond; Philip St Geo. Cocke, Powhatan; Henry 
occasionally Watered and turned; by this process the ^ 1IX Henrico; Joseph M Sheppard, Henrico; Abram War 
yellow color nearly disappears. Jn this hall-bleached wick. Richmond; William Wirt, Westmoreland; James Galt, 
'state it is heaped up iu a solid mass, and remains for Fluvanna; Hr. \V T Walker Goochland; Hill Carter, Charles 
a month or six weeks, after which it is re-melted, City kxccutivr Committee .1 I. Darts. Henrico; Win. It. 
ribboned, and bleached as before-in Home cases, Standard, Goochland; Wm M Harrison, Charles City; Dr J. 
several tunes till it wholly loses its color and smell. . .. ,. ., ... ,, Ari .,„. r 
N. Powell, Henries,; John A. Belden, Cluules City; William 
.f"" ”, £ »» ik »*•* tudr *>••« " r ii,c . .., 1 i ;! ,d ^ .. • 
many years. But it no better conms to band j on following remedy, winch was given me by lion. A. & Iad , e upon , to , lle covered over with little round Orlffln and Sherwin McRae. Henrico; K. H lluxall. Orange. 
can use as much of this ns you choose, in looking 
over Mr. Lyman’s letter, I do not know how to 
criticise it. Common pun tiles, put to the beat In- 
talks of would be a vitrified mass. Burning the tile 
well is a very difficult jolt,- I never knew hut one 
instance of an overheat, and many of the tile wore 
blistered and spoiled, just like Mrs. E.’s cakes when 
she lias too quick or too hot an oven. The bricks 
were made to lay ten inches by five and two and u 
half. The pan tile was made, 1 think, fourteen inches 
long, eleven inches broad, and five eighths thick,— 
and the fiat tile ten and a half inches long, six wide, 
and half an inch thick. These lust were always laid 
more than double, and to break joints, as we lay 
shingles. I have seen some flat file rounded some at 
the bottom end, and about seven inches broad. 
A cross section of the pan tile is the segment of a 
circle, with wlirri we call a wing, eight incites chord, j iave we j , 
perpendicular two indies. Wlmt you call a tongue, ^ ftn( j a t , 
It. Dickinson, of Ibis county, and have not seen any ctlv iti en, into the form ofjli^cs or cukes of about five 
indication of the disease since. He told me that lie j ll( .|, eH j„ dtnnieter. Tho moulds are first wetted 
had tried it often and never knew it to tail. -vvltli cold water, that the wax may he the more 
Procure a shallow trough eight or ten feet long, ,. a sily got out; and the cakes are laid out iu the ab¬ 
end about eight Inches wide in the bottom. Place it p (jr two days and two niffrts, to render them more 
between two yards, in such manner that sheep in transparent and dry. 
passing from one to the other will be obliged to ♦ . . » 
traverse the bottom the whole length; which ,s best * c. 
dune by making a tight board fence from the top of JtulWU JMl U Ml UU 4**^' 
euc.li side of tlic trough and the whole length thereof, 77 “ 
a little inclined outward, but not enough so as to VVnrD,l, " i 1,10 
enable the sheep to get a foothold upon the inclined Ohio Cultivator says that when a horses 
plane and thus escape the bottom of the trough, hits are full of frost they ikould be warmed thoroughly 
Dissolve ten pounds sulphate of copper (blue vitriol,) before placing them m the mouth. Not to do so is very 
in about four gallons of Water, put it in the trough cruel. Touch your tongue or even a wet linger to a 
and drive or call the sheep from one yard to the very cold piece ol iron, and you can appreciate the 
other through Hie trough, every other day, until importance <>( ibis hint. It may be a little trouble 
they have wet their feet in the solution five or six to doit, blit it should lie done. I he frost may be 
itiios, and a cure will ha effected. The liquid may taken out conveniently by placing the bits in water. 
jc drawn off and saved for future use. 
we used to cull a knob. It is about one und three- | 
fourths inches long, seven-eighths of an inph broad, 
and five-eighths of an inch thick, running across the 
back of tho top of the tile to catch the lath. I sup¬ 
pose you mean that a pan tile will cover nine by 
seven, equal to sixty-three incites. I believe you are 
within the mark, and that they will come near ton by ^ 
eight, or eighty inches. Hid go tiles are made 
without a wing or knob, and the same at each side. ^ 
The ends arc also alike. b 
1 believe there is no clay but that is more or less )( 
porous, and I do not think that pan tiles can be CJ 
profitably made to suit this climate, i ou remark 
that “all the tile that we have seen used In Europe (] 
is burned only about, as much as our common brick. r 
Y ou are right Now, in building, one-hull', or in ^ 
Home cases where the walls arc thick, not more thau | 
one-third of the brick are exposed to tlm Irost, and ( 
those who understand their business may generally ( 
pick out ns many hard brick as will do from our ( 
common brick. But, with the tile it is different. ( 
Every tile is exposed to the frost, and I have uevor ( 
seen or heard of a brick or tile kiln being burnt ( 
where there was not a part, perhaps a fifth, or a 
quarter of them, that would not stand our winter ( 
frost. But, I can speak only as to the climate of St. 
Lawrence comity and parts adjoining. 1 have lived 
here nearly forty-three years, and have never been , 
further south than New York city, and was never 
there iu cold weather. Perhaps in the southern 
parts of Illinois there may be clay, and coal too, to 
burn with, where a profitable business could be 
carried on in tile-making, sending none but the 
hardest burnt northward, and lighter burnt south¬ 
ward. They do not need to be vitrified, or burnt 
black, to stand a hard frost. 
A full set of workmen at pan tile making was 
three, — a moss-maker, moulder, and washer-oil,— 
also a miller, who wheeled the clay into the mill- 
ltouse, from the clay hole where it had been wheeled 
to in winter, and turned twice over and tempered, 
first with a wooden shovel, with about two inches of 
iron across the end of it, and made sharp to cut clay 
easy; secondly, with a wooden shovel, after which 
it was leveled and holes filled up, and the whole 
heap covered with sand about four inches thick,— 
the sand very clean, clear of stone or shell. One 
thousand was a day’s work for three men. 
A pun tile shed might he sixty yards long, more or 
less, built on pillars about two feet square and ten 
feet apart, and six or seven feet high. Between each 
two pillars, were two loose shutters, they neither 
went close to the top or the bottom, but. so as to keep 
oil' rain and let in air, and they laid on the ground 
in dry weather. There were three alleys lengthwise, 
cacli about six feet wide with shelves on each side. 
The shelves were inch boards, about fifteen inches 
wide and and fifteen or sixteen feet long, and live 
inches apart, or a brick on edge between, and ubout 
fourteen or fifteen shelves in height, or about seven 
or seven and a half feet high. Jt took one and a half 
, . .. .i*.,i Mulching Winter Wheat. 
I prefer this mode for the reason that a hundred .... 
can be doctored in this way in the time requisite to Ora exchanges, s..^1W Farmer , are re¬ 
handle one sheep when they are taken separately, commending * H»n »r. C. H.wu.an ol 
and 1 believe It equally effectual. Wilmmgton. in Delaware, Mr mulching, or protects 
I’uiuteil Post, St.-u. Oo-, N. Y., 1S01. W. J. Glimmer. "ig winter wheat.. It, is, to sow buckwheat vutli tin 
^ ,_wheat in the fall. This will grow up to some height, 
say one or two feet, before the frost kills it. it then 
(L U C Is ( t - it C if J) If V . lodges about tho wheat and forms a protection to it, 
catching the snows und preventing the frost from 
ovv to Feed Weak 8warm*. throwing up and breaking the wheat roots. Some- 
F.ns. Ui'itAi. New Yoiikkh:— i Imvc some late swm-ms of ,|iing like this was practiced twenty-five or thirty 
Z U c cf-gr 
How to Feed W eak Swarm*. 
brick across a shelf at each end, and also in the 
middle. The pan tiles were put on the shelves 
upside down to dry, as shown in the drawing. The 
bens which J wink to winter, and I think they have not enough 
honey and but little bee broad. Will you please to Inform • 
mo, through the columns of the Rciiai., bow 1 cun most suc¬ 
cessfully feed them?—J ohn Ii. Lottriiiuk, Cuba, JY. >' 
IlKKtt certainly seems to be a beo-kooper in a 
dilemma. Bather n late hour, however, to a-k for ' 
such information. Feeding bees should generally be ( 
over by the last days Of October. If obliged to feed 
bees after the middle of November, it will generally 
be tho better way to take them up; l’or, if by this 
time, they have but a scanty supply, it will cost 
nearly as much to feed them as they are worth, to say 
nothing of the trouble incurred. However, we will j 
do what we can under the circumstances for our cor¬ 
respondent, as he serins desirous to winter his liees 
if possible. Now, if Mr. L. had only taken the pre¬ 
caution to have stated the hind of hires his swarms 
are in, it would have saved some unnecessary remarks. 
As different directions must, be given for different 
kinds of hives, i, e., hived With movable frames ami 
hives without frames, this seems to be necessary. 
If the swarms are the common surplus box hives, 
we would say, move them at once to a good, dry, dark 
collar, where the temperature may lm uniform; and 
then commence feeding by placing empty combs 
under the hive and also iu the surplus honey chamber, 
which are to bo lu-pt supplied with honey, or what is 
cheaper and equally good, a preparation made as fol¬ 
lows:— One-third part honey, and two-thirds coffee 
sugar — the sugar first, dissolved by warm water. 
After the sugar is dissolved, then add the honey—the 
mixture should he well stirred, and nearly the eon 
sisteney of honey. If the hive he not provided 
with a chamber, it may be inverted, and the empty 
comb be tilled with honey, or the preparation laid 
directly on tho bombs upon which the bees are clus¬ 
tered. Tho bees will not leave the hive if the cellar 
be perfectly dark, it would he folly to attempt to 
Iced bees unless they can la- kept at such a tempera¬ 
ture as to induce them to go in search after honey for 
them. If this cannot be done iu the cellar, they may 
in- moved to a warm, dark room in the house, where 
they should remain till limy have stored enough 
in the liive proper to last them a month or more,— 
this will depend upon the amount of comb there is in 
the body of the hive when they may he returned to 
the cellar. The less boos are disturbed and the more 
uniform the temperature, the less honey they will 
consume, and the better they will winter. 
If the hives have frames, we should say the better 
way would bo to unite tho contents of any two 
swarms. There will be hut little contention among 
the la-es, provided they bo thoroughly sprinkled with 
diluted honey scented with a few drops of pepper¬ 
mint essence. As bees distinguish each other by the 
scent, they will thereby not be able to distinguish 
j "friend from foe." Again, if some colonies are 
- strong, and have more than 25 pounds of honey,— the 
• i amount necessary to winter a good swarm,—the 
years ago, with tolerable success, in this State, by the 
late CtiAUi.ns Vaiouax, of IJallowClI. He sowed 
oats with bis wheat, which, when killed by the frost, 
formed a vc-ry good mulch, or covering, to the crop 
of wheat during the winter. 
A Hint to Dairymen. 
In u late issue of the Country Gentleman, the 
editor remarks that lie has often met with notices of 
good cows, and a largo dairy composed of such 
would prove highly profitable, but too often a few 
poor aiiinuils throw the balance on the wrong side. 
For instance, a farmer in Massachusetts, keeping Id 
cows, found they averaged 1(100 quarts to the cow, 
but tlie five best averaged 2000 quarts, leaving 1200 
quarts to each of the live poorer ones. The best 
cows gave a profit of $1H each; the poorer ones wen- 
kept at a loss of $14 each —thus destroying nearly 
the whole profit of the dairy. No man can afford to 
keep a poor cow at the expense ol a better one; he 
should rather fatten for beef, or give away, even, 
than to pursue such a course of dairying. Let every 
NEW YORK LOCAL SOCIETIES. 
Mo.mioi: Go. Ao. Society.— The annual meeting wan held 
in Rochester, January 0th. The retiring President, I). I). T. 
Moore, reported, in behalf of the Board af Managers, tho 
doings ot the Board and Society during the year — showing 
that, though the Exhibition* had. not been very profitable, 
the indobtedawm of the Society had been reduced about one 
thousand dollars. The following officer* were elected for 
18(11 Prcsitlmt —lhm. K. It . Holmes, Urockport. Vice Presi 
dents—A V. Wolcott, Rochester; I, If. Sutherland, Pithdbrd; 
John Horst, Ogden. Secretary — J. M Booth. Rochester 
Treasurer — M. G. Mordoff Rochester. Dire,tars (to (til 
vacancies) — L. I). Mitchell, I’itUford, and Win. Rankin. 
Greece. Bonj. Birdsull, D. It T Moore, and F. B. Holmes 
were appointed delegates to the annual meeting ol the State 
Ag. Society. Tho subject of uniting the Society with the 
Western New York Ag'l, Horticultural and Mechanical As so 
ciation was discussed ut some length, and llrmlly resulted in 
tlic appointment of a committee—Messrs I S. Hohliie, Hiram 
Smith, H G Winner, II Quimby, and F., B. Holmes - to 
investigate and report upon the subject op 1,hc Rttli of 1‘clr 
runry, to which time tho meeting adjourned 
Livingston Co. Sooner y.— At the recent annual meeting, 
held iu Gc-neseo, tho following board of officer» won chosen: 
1‘resident — J a UK* S. Wadsworth. Vice President — Jasper 
Barber, Avon. Treasurer —'William 11. Whiting. Secretary— 
George J phuts. Librarian —Rdm V, Lauderdale Directors 
—Itenrv L. Arnold, Goiu-bus; F.lias S. Ashley, Nunda. 
Gem;see Go. Ao. Society.— At the annual meeting, held 
at Batavia, January S, tie- following gentlemen were elected 
officers for IHiil: President — CUAtU.RB K. Waiii), Pavillion. 
lYor rreridents— 11. H. Olmsted, it. It. Green Secretary — 
H, M Warren, Batavia. Treasurer — II. Br.stwick. Directors 
—IraE. Phillips. Pembroke; George Radley, Stafford. 
Niagara Go, Ao Society.— At the annual meeting, on 5th 
inst, . the following officers were elected for IHtll President — 
|) A Van VAJJMMWHUit. FiVo /’residents — W. Robinson, 
I). House, L. Flanders, Hr. A. G. Skinner, T Kamos, L. S. 
Puvne, A. Packard, G S. Bungham, A. K. Raymond, G. L. 
Aogeviuc, It. Pearson. Secretary— P D. Walter. Treasurer— 
K A. Holt. Directors- M. C. Grapsey, H, Moody, II. Hayward- 
King Go. Society —Annual meeting held at Buffalo, on 
the 0th inst. The attendance was good, and much interest 
manifested for the sucres, of the Society. The Society re¬ 
duced Its indebtedness flW during the year. Officers elected: 
President —I, Bonnkv. Vice Presidents— D. D. Stile*. Au¬ 
rora; G. W. Paine, Tmittwanda. Snretacy —Kills Webster. 
Treasure - G. W. Scott. Directors— Beiij. Baker, Fast Ham 
burgh; P. B. L»thmp, Fima; T. J Murphy, Buffalo; Nathan 
iel Tucker, Brant; Warren Granger, Buffalo; Henry Atwood, 
Lancaster. Finance Coinvulte, —J. K. Tucker, Buffalo; A. 
Freeman, Fast Hamburgh; J. M. Paine. Aurora. 
Tompkins Oo. Ag. Society. — In anticipation or your re 
quest to Ag. Societies, 1 send you the result of the election 
at our annual meeting. Jan. 2d. 1*01. which was as follows;— 
P retident - Jumkimi McGraw Ji Dry den. Vice. Presidents — 
K/.ta Cornell, Ithaca; Luther Lewis. Ulysses; Johnson Quick, 
the Society — and the propriety of making Medina the head¬ 
quarters of tho Western N V Ag'k Horticultural and 
Mechanical Association was discussed! fit will be remem¬ 
bered that we hurt week reported over 400 subscriber* for this 
yeaUs RnitAl., from an agent-friend at Medina, and it is 
appropriate that such a locality should “ report progress " io 
rural affairs anil organizations ] 
Chautauqua Farmers' and Mechanics’ Union.—O fficers 
for 1861: President — GEO. D. IIincki.BY. Vice /’resident — 
John E. Griswold. Secretary —John C MnlUtt. Treasurer — 
S. M. Clement. Directors —Wm. Rislcy, Fredonin; Stewart T. 
Christy, Sheridan; Levi Baldwin, Arkwright; Win. Moore, 
Lnona; S. I*. Ensign. Sheridan; S. It. Dickinson, Dunkirk. 
Fenner Ao. Society. —The town society of Fenner, Mad¬ 
ison Co., has made a choice of the following officer* for 1861: 
President — Pnn.it* J. Hrvcit. Vic, /’rrsulcnt— Rufus May. 
Secretary — George F. Foomis. Treasurer —Charles W. Bar¬ 
rett. Directors —II I). Haight Gen W Hyatt., Franklin 
Gordon, L. V. C Hess, Harvey L. Keeler, J. M. I.ownsberry. 
The Brock port Union elected tho following officers at its 
recent annual meeting: Pr/.ddent — E. B. Hoemkh. Vice Presi¬ 
dent—J. H. Warren. Secrotan/ — If. N. Beach. Treasurer — 
Thomas Gornes. Directors— E. Patten, John Houghton, H. 
Mordoff, A. E. .Sweet, C. It. Mason, and F Babcock 
Rural Notes anil Stems. 
Tins Weather — Saturday and Sunday last (the 12th and 
13th,) the weather was decidedly frigid bore and In many 
distant localitii-r — the coldest of the prn*cnt reason. The 
temperature was u little below zero, tor a short time, but it ig 
believed Unit buds are uninjured. A light fall of snow pre- 
eei.leil the 11 cold term," making fair sleighing, which is being 
improved for both business and pleasure. 
— The weather was still Colder in other places. At Albany 
the mercury stood at 18 deg below zero — at Boston, 8 to 13 
below—Scranton, Pa., 8 below, &c. 
* • 
More Herkkordh rou Canada. — The Canadian Agricul¬ 
turist state- that F. W. Stone, Esq., ol Guelph, Canada West, 
has recently imported nine of the best Here.fords that could 
be found in England, viz.: eight heilers and a bull. Mr. Stone 
Is well known to many of our readers as a very successful 
breeder ol Durham*. Ho will also, lu future be known as a 
successful breeder of Herefurds. and no doubt ere long have 
a fine herd sit his Puslineh farm, near Guelph. Our Canadian 
neighbors are entitled to credit for tlmir efforts to improve 
and augment the numbers of the best breeds of slock. 
Weights or Various Seeds.—Wc present our readers with 
a useful table, showing the weights of seeds, as regulated by 
law, in several of the States and Canada. 
i rj 
StatCS ' Jy f'| . I 5 
■= ? s ^ j, ! 
« <8 e O & E s- o «' h 
- 1 -H- 
Canada 48 OO 4S lit) 56 56 IO 34 DO IS 
Connecticut 4S k; 4m 60 50 ,6 04 :U 56 45 
District of Columbia .... 47163 48 6*168 64 -12 68 
Illinois -D ' i!l ! M 
Ipiiiami 4* 60 SO 60 Ml Ml 32 66 45 
t„ wa 48 ftOW 00 Ml 6« 88 80 46 
Kentucky 77 _ . 48 «0 82 60,80 83 56 45 
Massachusetts .. .. 46.00 4*1 66 00 BO 60 
Michigan .. . 48 42 80 8# 32 00 
Missouri 4s 60 4* 60 66 Ml 60 51 50 48 
Ni-w Jersey 4 h; W 64 50,66 30 86 
U Yt.ilc' 7 4 8 62 48 60 66 66 60 321M 44 
cow’s value lit* tested, and those that do not come up Caroline; Edgar Bulwer, Enfield; V. B. Kw-ler, Dauby; J. B 
to the point of profit should go to the shambles. 
Cheap Cistern* and Chi-tip Fillet*. 
How to obtain a sufficient quantity of water for 
the use of cattle, has been u puzzling question to 
many fanners. A correspondent of the American 
Farmer thinks lie lias solved this problem. He says: i 
Instead of incurring the great expense of excavating 
wells, stoning them, und supplying expensive pumps 
for obtaining water for tlic ordinary purposes of a 
farm-house or barn, a much cheaper and more satis¬ 
factory uiTimgeumnt will he found in the use of tny 
cheap mode of constructing cistern* and filtering tin- 
water. A cistern of the dimensions that I shall de¬ 
scribe, will hold one thousand gallons, will cost but 
eight dollars, and its capacity may be doubled for less 
than fifty per cent, additional cost. One of tho size 
above named will be found sufficient for farmers’ fam¬ 
ilies generally, and will insure soft water, which is 
rare in wells. 
Direct ions for Excavating Cisterns. — Stake and 
line out a plat near the building R x 18 feet; excavate 
this 1 foot iu depth; then set Die lines in 18 inches on 
all sides; then excavate all within tho lines, or 5 x 15 
feet, to the depth of 4 feet in tin- middle, making the 
middle level some il inches in width, sloping tin- 
banks on all the side.* and ends to the lines last 
placed, which will make a section of the pit either 
way V shaped, except that l) inches of tho bottom 
will lie level. 
In digging tho hanks, use care not to disturb flu- 
soil not thrown out. When the digging is completed, 
Townb y, Groton; Smith Robertson. Dryiien; David Croaker, 
Lansing; B 8 Dudley, Newfield. Sen-clary —Ain-tin N. Him 
gorford, Ithaca. Treasurer— 0. B. Curran, Ithaca. Direct¬ 
ors —John I*. Hart, Drydon; Levi C. Beers, Dauby. — A. N. 
//,, Ithaca , Jon. 3, 1801 
Cattaracocs Co. Ao. Society'. — Annual meeting held 
Jan. 5th, 1861 Officers elected: President — Sawtki. Wm. 
Johnson. EllieoHvillc. Vice /’resident — I.orc-nzo Stratton, 
Little Valley. Senrlary —Horace Hnntly, Little Valley. 
Treasure — Geo. M Flteli, Little Valley. Directors—V. 8. 
Pratt, East Otto; Amos It. licdient, Mansfield; Horace Cross, 
Napoli; Luc Reed. East Otto; S- T. Kelsey, Great Valley; 
Nathaniel Manley, Manslield. 
Dei.awakk Co. Society. — Annual meeting, Jan. 2d. The 
Treasurer reported a cash balance of S335 72 on hand. Offi¬ 
cers elocted: President — CoRNKMUS Becker Stamford. Fie* 
Presidents —J- U. Yendo*, Delhi; E. Avery Gallup, Kort 
right; N. )’. Dn.vton. llnrpcrsHeld; G. B. Lyon, Stamford; 
Wui. It. Bowie, Andes; Alex. Storm, Uovliiu; B. A. Rogers, 
Walton; Hector McNaughl Davenport; K. Roe, Franklin. 
Treasurer — Cvrcnus Gibbs, Harper-field, lice. Secretary 
p, G, Xorthrup, Franklin. Dor. Secretary — Dorter Frisbee, 
Delhi. It. B. Gibbs, of Ilarpcrsliebl, wo* chosen delegate to 
the annual meeting of the State Society 
Gr.xinutK VA1.LKY Ao. Society.— At the annual meeting, 
held at Nunda, on the 6th inst., the following officer* were 
chosen President — Al.RKRr Page. Vice President— George 
Mills. Secretary — U K. Sanders. Treasurer —F O. Dickin- 
son. Director* in the several towns — Charles I». Bennett, 
Portage; Moses Barron, Mount Morris; Charles Goheen, 
Grovclond; Col. Tabor, Castile; Henry O. Brown, Genesee 
Falls; Dr. l’erlue, West Sparta; Henry S. Drieshach, Sparta; 
Wm. Consaulus, Ossian; Daniel Bennett, Burn*; Charles 
Thompson, Birdcall; Warner BotM'ord, Allen; Samuel Swam, 
Grove; Win. Johns. Granger; Edwin Skiff, Hume; Wm. K. 
Dtoyec Nunda; O. B. Maxwell, Dausville; O. V Whitcomb, 
I 48 60 50 60 56,60 32 60 45 
|„1V, 18 00 .JOO ,6 56 56 45 
Kvntiioky . . -is.... ..n .... 33 56 45 
Massachusetts .... .. 46 00 40 >'6 00 30 60 
Michigan 48 42 60 88 32 60 
Missouri 48 00 48 #0 56 Mi 60 34 66,48 
Maw Jersey 48 M) 64 56,661 j.iO .»6 
v.. u Y.n t' 48 tfi +8 (to MI-66 60 32 68 44 
Oh o 48 60 64 66 60 32 56 42 
Penusvlvaioa ' 47 08 48 OH 88 0l'32 58 
t*. N. Custom Houses. 47 03 4*88 60 
Vermont - 40 i40 66 3_ .85 
Wisconsin 48 142 00 60 132 Mi 
Potatoes and Wheat, 00 pounds to the bushel tn all the 
Stales named; Hemp seed. 44 pounds; and Blue Grass, 14 
pound*. 
Tun Rural in Kanhah —An Offer .— Though a portion of 
Kansas is sufferiug severely from the effects of the unparal¬ 
leled drouth or last s.-asou. we are receiving many subacrip 
tiou* from that Territory. Bom,:, letter* from former reader* 
there, however, prove that many peoplo are unable to sub¬ 
scribe A note just received from Jefferson Co., and dated 
7th inst., says;—"I desire to ask If a Relief Committee in 
your beautiful city can be hud which will consider how great 
is our necessity for the Rural New Yokkgr We are now 
visited with famine, and poverty and starvation look us iu the 
lac. Will you not contribute as well to avert tho recurrence 
„r our calamity us to alleviate our present distress? Then 
send US the Rural New Yorker for 1861. Let it. be lu the 
hands of all our fanners, und, my word for It, Kansas will 
not soon again ask tor assistance on account of failure of 
crops. At least send us a lew specimen numbers, and if I can 
Und any of niy neighbors to joiu in a club, we will have tho 
Rural at all hazards.” 
— Could we afford to send a thousand or more copies of 
this year’s Rural to the suffering farmers of Kansas, free of 
charge, they should be forthgoing, as soon as the proper 
addresses could he obtained — those of the really needy and 
deserving We think tin, paper would, In many cases, prove 
of more benefit to soil cultivators and their families than its 
price in money. Hence, although wo have contributed our 
mite already, and cannot afford to give a thousand copies, we 
will send oue hundred copies of this paper free for one year 
—or five hundred for three month*, say the present quarter- 
to farmers in the districts most affected by the failure of Crops, 
provided wc have proper assurance (from person* of reliability 
or authority to act in behalf oftho suffering,) that the individ¬ 
uals whose names -bull he sent us for the purpose are Indus- 
trious and deserving cultivators. 
I duster the bottom, or level purt, with a good coat of I’ike. 
washer oil' rounded the top of the tile each way from excess may he taken away hy in cans of tho frames, 
' the knob, when he shaped the wing. 
The tile kiln was u parallelogram. The one where 
7 I worked had ten fires, five on each side; it held ten 
^ thousand pan tiles; had, 1 believe, thirty-two eliiut- 
t nies, built in rows. Tho walls were three feet thick, 
and given to the destitute swarms. This method of 
feeding bees — by removing liames of comb — is the 
best and safest known. Hy it bees from other hives 
are not attracted to the hive thus fed, as no scent is 
cement mortar, and place a hoard on it to stand upon 
do the balance of the work, cutting the hoard in two 
equal parts before laying it on the mortar. This 
d<>*e, plaster the entire surface on the ground to the 
lines last named, then remove one-half of the hoard 
and stand on the balance and build a -l-inch brick 
wall across the pit, about the middle, laying the 
Brook si ei. o An. Society (Madison Go.)—The annual meet¬ 
ing of this Society was held on tliu 8th inst., when the fol¬ 
lowing officers were elected for the year 1861: president 
Oliver It. Hinki.kv. Vice President* — Luke floxie, Morgan 
I. Brown, Jeremiah Green, Elliott G- Fitch. Secretory — 
John T. G. Bailey. Treasurer—l 'ah in Whitford. Doctors — 
Henry Brown, Lewis D Maxson. Total receipts for I860, 
$517.00; total expenditure*, $4311.18. Cash In treasury at 
emitted bv the lmnev as when fed in the ordinary bricks, which should ho soft, (common Bulmon brick,) llH te, $77.82; due on loans at date, 433.78— making total bid- 
K " * *1. . ... 1.1 t i r \ i r.p. fooeffi fl IhtiYV 
of brick. The floor of the kiln was level. Its appear- I way; no labor is required from the bees, and but 1 in cement, hut plastering neither side, 
ance of $611.55. — Jou.N T. G Bailey. 
lm* 
Field Notes. —We have received No. 1 of this new weekly, 
by Col. Harris, of the Ohio Cultivator, as recently announced. 
It is in quarto form, about tho size of the Rural of last year, 
and presents a fine appearance. The Colonel makes a good 
show in the way of advertising, starting with over a page — 
while his own portrait in tho center or the vignette heading 
of the paper (hiking notes to preiit —with the tarm stock and 
products iu front, and field sports in the rear,) is also showy. 
The presumption is that "Note* 11 will prove a* readable as 
good-looking, and we trust always at or above par in the 
market. May llo-y " circulate " freely, be ever found genu¬ 
ine." and benefit recipients und uoininanity. Published by S. 
D. Harris, Columbus, ut $2 per year. 
Honolulu SQ0AHH — Writing to the N. W Farmer about 
Ihe improvement of vegetables, Col. " H Gardner, of Lee 
Uo., Ill., says:—“ In up garden vegetable lias there boon more 
improvement than the squash, In place iff the old Acorn, 
wc have the celebrated Hubbard and productive Honolulu, 
which unite to the sm-.-tuess ol the melon, long keeping, 
and superior culinary properties. Tho Honolulu is as pro¬ 
ductive as the pumpkin, and is more nutritious, far more 
palatable, and will keep some months. For the table, it is 
very superior, and for general cultivation, for stock, swine, 
Ac . possesses great excellence." Mr. G. recommends grow¬ 
ing this squash, instead <ff pumpkins, in tho cornfield — for 
stock feeding as well as for table use, 
Market Fairs in Orleans.—T he Albion American says a 
meeting of the Orleans County Agricultural Society is shortly 
to be held, at which the project of holding monthly Market 
Fuirs will come up for consideration. Au attempt was made 
last year to establish such Fairs at Holley, but the excitement 
attending the political campaign tended to discourage the 
enterprise, though it was successful as far as it went. 
Dekkrhkd. _Though each issue of this years Rural com¬ 
prises one-fifth more reading than former ones, we ure stilt 
um.lde to publish all that Is desirable. After omitting over a 
column of advertisements to make room for reading matter, 
we are compelled to defer several articles in type for the News 
and Practical departments of this number. 
