$ 9 
YQ 
f ft 
land, that it i* there an eastern man would feel con¬ 
tented. Lands are advancing in price every year. 
Minnesota, although a few degrees further north¬ 
ward, is a rich and prosperous State. Climate 
healthy, grains of all kinds grow luxuriantly. 
Iowa resembles Minnesota in many particulars, and 
is also a very rich agricultural State. 
ash Luc price ol hk :t an establishment, and are an* their purses in the end will not be the loBera thereby; TlnirirtC! rtf <31 e- *• 
swered $2 an hour. We think as they drive on you and the more it is practiced, the more convinced are SMWtySM dNJWMtUrJU JpOttttWt. 
are paying dear for your luxury . 
In spite of our precautions we begin to feel the 
effects of the sharp atmosphere, so we will turn our 
stepH towards the river again. There we see the 
steam ferry-boat lying idle. Asking the cause, we 
Missouri is a large grain-growing district. Fruits are told that the channel is closed for the first time 
of all kinds are cultivated with success. The lands in three years at this point. We drop into one of 
are rather hilly, and plenty or good water and tim- the numerous resorts to warm ourselves. Here we 
her are to he found. The climate is not adapted to observe an old Kentuekv farmer- m. 
NEW YORK ROC AX SOCIETIES. 
Cortland Oo. ao. Son err—This progressive Society ba* 
elected the following bourn of officers for 3861: President — 
William L. Tai.lman, Preble. Virr President — Samuel Bab- 
coch, Ifomcr. Treasurer — Morgan I,. Webb. Cortlandville. 
fy'crelary Alonzo D. Blodget, Oorllandrill*. In announcing 
tbe result, the Cortltod Gazette gays the Society could not 
wo drouth, to majre the l**t of such means to keep and ** placed in better hands. The reports of the retiring office™ 
her are to be round. The climate is not adapted to observe an old Kentucky farmer; he seems friendly improve their stock until the return of grass 
producing cotton but tobacco and hemp form a and talkative, and as all of the Kentuckians are, as The following table, gathered from reliable'sources, 
large .tom among the exports of the State. It » a ours is a trip of observation, we will ask him about shows the value of potatoes, carrots and ruta bagau 
healthy State, and » rich in minerals. the prospects of the farm for another year. He re- the roots usually grown for stock-, compared with 
Kansas comes next. Much has been said in praise plies that "the wheat is not hurt yet by the winter Rood hay • 
of thia T6 r rttorj. bu> ! » greatly (Ij.uppoitited l.»Uhe worn, burl It Tight .mart-1„ ,„„1 " 200 tbs. or notate am oonaj in tnn m. .n... 
when I came to view the land. The soil is rich, and 
is capable of producing good crops, but the great 
fault is the scarcity of timber.— not enough can be 
found in many localities to furnish fencing. Along 
water-courses timber is plenty; but a person who 
improves a prairie farm has to haul his fencing a 
great distance. 
adds, "I don’t know, boys, what we are coming to 
w ith * these ere ’ fellows around town with their di». 
union badges on.” We inform him there are but few 
such, and that news has been received here that the 
Governor has said he would hang every one he caught 
with those badgoB on, when he replies, "Well, it 
makes a bad feeling anyhow. If these editors and 
The late discoveries of gold at Pike's Peak, have political preachers and political demagogues were 
ciused a great rush to that point, and a good knowl- hung, we should be *sm r’ of tills trouble ” Why 
edge of Kansas and gold hunting humbugs have my old friend, why do you think that? "Because 
.uvii uuu wiu nub oc mo luscni wereoy; *4 I ^ * tt vm*-’ ,sf & • *. ,, 
and tbe more it ia pn»ctit«d, the more convinced are « #, 1 , 9 S 01 <-»0r«mtttr*l #0(Utl«. -«»«» *«• Th. Mlo.tog 
.hey of .be eeono.oy and profit of each » eouree of - nSnZT " W ' L "“- 
xra. •„ ,U ,, , . , . NEW YORK XOCAX SOCIETIES naucock. \ ice Promt mis Hon. George P. Ilarrisoo, Chat- 
tceding. Not, only is the protit derived from the ,, „ ' bam; T. M. Furlow Esg. Sumter- r v n„.< . ,, 
roots, as Buell, but the relative value of the hav, J ” R y r '*- N ^ 0 ° Ao ' Soru:TV - Thi « P r ogrer«re Society bas Beasley, Troup; J. 6. Sproull Esq Cass H , n r* > r , n 
a- well as that of the roots, is increased when fid T "Jr™/™**- Wt 
together. And it becomes an object, the present cock. Homer. ^ C. W. Howard, Kingston, C^sCo. 
season especially, for such farfners as have been Secretary —Alonzo 1>, Btodget, Cortlandvill*. I a announcing Oakland Co. (Mich.) AclSouixty— At tbs annual meet- 
deprived or their nsnal amount of fodder by the the result the Cortland Owtette says the Society cooM not ln? ’ j3n Rtlj . tho following officer* m ere elected: President— 
ilOutb, to make the l*-*t of such means to keep and ** p’ ared in better hands. The reports of th* retiring Office™ £ „ I ' AI - 7)W,K - r ‘<* Presidents —Ut District, E. P. Harris, 
mprove their stock until the return Of grass. show the Society to be in a flourishing condition. Action r ' '•'’eves, .!J, John .1. Merrill; 4th, H c. Andrews; 
The following table, gathered from reliable sources, **** re,ail>e *" the erection of Boitat)le b'dldings on the ». Knight Secretary 
it,™-, a,. , . . . Fair Grounds during the eneuino season Josepn K. Bowman. Executin' Committee — M L. Brooks, 
hows the value of potatoes, carrots and ruta bagas, ° »»*', Wm. Arford, Clarkson; Charles K Carpenter, Orion 
he roots usually grown for stock, compared with 0vK,r,A W Socnm—The recent annual meeting of this Chauneay W. Green, Farmington; Edwin Phelps, Pontiac- 
rood hay: flourishing Society, held at Hampton, reunited in the election Dr - Z M. Mowry, Milford. ’ ’ 
300 lbs. of potatoes are equal to 100 lbs. of hay. "/ e * Ce1U ‘ at b ° Wd ° f ofr!, ' r " for 1861: /v "« y— .. 
3. r >0 “ carrots •' " “ '« ''' n ‘ "■ "• ARMHTRO.vt;, Rome, Fire /'resident* — S. A. y, • a 
300" rutabagas " “ “ " Coville, Verona; Morgan Butler, New Hartford Treasurer- tlUVCll iV OlCS QUO jtClU^ 
Again: by allowing 60 pounds to the bashel. of the b L Kome. Recrrtary R. Moni.-on, Utica. Erecu- _ _ _ 
bove roots we have the following- O57 ” mi ^ -O " 0r « l! C'-uodirt, Yeronn; T. E. Marson, ~ I ----- 
S ‘ Mnrcy; O, Terry, Marshall; T. E. Morgan, Deerfield- Luke SfWTiWKvra at tiik Hoctu-A /letter Fcdiu e .—\V<s 
67 bushel* of potatoes are e^ual to » ten of hay. Cnsn. Westmoreland; Henry Rhode*, Trenton; Wm. Cooper, ftro . in ' i "! lT ^‘P 1 of Ictt< ’ r9 from rending, thinking people 
]00 “ rute°i,a.-as “ " « " hitestown; S, M. Foster, New Hartford; F. H. Connnt, 1 ''x'diDg in various Southern Slates — farmers, planters, and 
. Camden; R. G. Savery, Aunaville. Tim Treasurer’s report ot, " ,r ^ w ho own sufficient property to have " a stake in the 
' c tlm ‘ 1,c ’ Wltii t ie QSual y' e,d P er acre, it showa that the balance on hand. Jonunrv s men nuttua. hedge"—Mid from their content-. t-an judge somewhat of the 
300 lbs. of potatoes aio equal to 100 lbs. of hav. 
2 S 0 “ carrots " " “ '« 
300 " ruta bagas ,! “ “ “ 
Again: by allowing 60 pounds to the bushel, of the 
above roots, we have the following: 
67 bushels of potatoes are equal to a ten of hay 
02 " carrots " *• “ 
100 " ruta bagas u " « 
show the Society to be in a flourishing condition. Action 
was taken relative to the erection of suitable buildings on the 
Fair Grounds during the ensuing season. 
O.vktda Co. Society.— The recent annual meeting of this 
flourishing Society, held at Hampton, resulted in the election 
of the following excellent board of officers for 1861: Pren 
'lent — E. B. Akwstro.yu, Rome. Vie*. President* _8. a. 
Coville. Verona; Morgan Butler, New Ttnrtfor .1 Treasurer— 
T. L Lewis. Rome. Uecrrtary —R. Morrison, Utica. Kreeu- 
t<ee Committee — George Benedict, Yeronn; T. E. Marson, 
Marry; 0. Terry, Marshall; T. E. Morgan. Deerfield; Luke 
Goan, Westmoreland; Henry Rhodes, Trenton; Wm. Cooper, 
Whites town; S. M. Foster, New Hartford; F. H. Conant 
been obtained. 
they gave doleful accounts of gold-hunting. They 
all admitted there was some gold, but that it would 
cost more to g6t it than it was worth. " None but 
men who have capital,” said they, “can hope for 
success, as it requires machinery to reach it.” We 
comrauioiion, and some don’t want to, but will keep 
circulating the report, and so keep up an excitement. 
And preachers, instead of preaching the Gospel of 
Jfsi’s OfiRlBT, preach the nigger, in the North they 
cry over the oppression of the poor negro, arid mourn 
und snivel because their follow man is in bondage,_ 
will be seen that root culture pays; a fact of which 
many a farmer and stock-grower has been convinced 
bv practical demonstration. 
Wileli Stock — Jersey Cows. 
A COKKK 8 PONDKNT of the Connecticut Homestead, 
xhowfi that the balance on hand, January 5,1860, wo*, 5307. DO - 
"boll* amount received during the year I860. 51,429.14' 
balance on hand. $49 04. The Treasurer’s salary was abol¬ 
ished. A meeting of the Executive Committee is to be held 
at Holland Patent, Feb. 14th. 
— The Exhibition of Fruits Grain, and Roots, is said to 
have been quite good, and premiums were awarded to over a 
after reviewing the efforts made t>:> improve our wr ' r, '°f tlm best cultivate™ in the county. We believe the 
horses, beef cattle, sheep, Ac., thinks that milch ° ru ’ i<1 « Soc.iefy excels any other local one in this particular, 
passed many new-made graves on the route. These while in the South they try, by every conceivable 
men had lc-ft home and friends in the pursuit of gold, means, to make their hearers believe that they are 
and now they rest where the Indian and Buffalo roam, doing the will of Gon in holding the negro and in, 
Nebraska has some good lands, but as we pass proving his condition and raising him from barbarism 
westward about 300 miles, the soil is very poor, to civilization. Yes, we are improving him but 
1 here is, as a general thing, more timber than in losing ourselves what he gains. Oh, would that we 
Kansas, and I much prefer Nebraska in an agricul- were ‘shut' of him or had never seen his black ,,ro¬ 
ta ral point of view. Grains of all kinds do well. file. Ami then comes the demagogues. They see the 
y ruit has been cultivated with .success. the state of affairs, and with their .usual tact take ad 
As we approach Fort Kearney, we enter the great vantage of it, and echo the cry.” 
buffalo range, extending some 00 miles. Tens of The foregoing is the sentiment of the conservative 
thousands of these animals arc to be seen grazing. racn here, and they are not few either. But they are 
Their flesh is as good us beef, and every traveler, if a calm, thinking people,—they see plainly what dis- 
he has a good rilie, can keep himself well supplied ,inion wil1 hiad to,—a bandit’s warfare commencing 
with fresh meat. # The bufftlo, when wounded, will ' n the Border States, and extending east until all of 
turn on the hunter, and it requires a fleet, horse to the States are overrun. 
keep out or his way. The Indians subsist almost But I am detaining you too long with the sayings 
exclusively on the incut of these animals. The and doings in the valley of the Father of Waters. 8o 
Pawnees, Sioux, and Cheyennes, roam all through r will bid you adieu, hoping that the Union men of 
this region. They are civil towards the whites, for Missouri will find a sympathio chord extending 
they dread the U. 8. troops stationed among them. , throughout the Union, that will bind secession, and 
But they will steal occasionally, and are confirmed consign it and its abettors to oblivion. s. f. t. 
beggars. The Sioux females are very pretty, and Hannibal, Mo., 1861 
would take the laurels off the brows of many of those 
who are called beauties In the States, i am a friend ABOUT LONG ISLAND LANDS, 
of the Indian, ami hero I will volunteer a word in his F.ns. THtkai. Nfw.y«.• tk»* ,. 
cows have been too much overlooked, and gives his 
experience with Jersey cows in this manner: 
The Jersey cow I consider the best, for the reason 
that she i» a sure and young breeder, producing 
increase often at eighteen months, which is not the 
case with the Ayrshire, as she is a poor or uncertain 
breeder; and she has tbe advantage of yielding a 
very rich milk. It will be said that she is a small 
animal; that is true. Hut size has very little to do 
ami it* officers ami members me entitled to ere lit therefor. 
CiiRnaxgo Society.— At the annual meeting, held at. 
Norwich on the 1st inst , the following board was elected for 
1861: President —Hlna dim Frink, PI) mouth. FiVv President* 
—G<orge Davis. Sherburne; E. A. Bundy, Oxford; Leroy 
Shattuck, Norwich; George Juliand, Greene; L. H. Talcott, 
Smyrna; N. P. Hitchcock, Titcher; Jonathan Mathewson, 
New Berlin ,1eartary—)mae Foote, Norwich. Treasurer— 
Daniel M. Holmes, Norwich. Manager*— Hiram Hale, Nor¬ 
wich; Willjam H. Wheeler, Pbarsalia; David Baird, Greene 
A nrno ToaT... j L L I , as-.* 
hedge r —and from (heir content- ran judge somowhat of the 
rentiinents which prevail on the nil absorbing topic of dis- 
union. Indeed, we think such letters give ns a better idea of 
the popular sentiment than can be obtained from the tele¬ 
graph dispatches emanating from New York, Washington, 
Charleston, &c,, and published in the dailine under startling 
headings. From the tenor of letters received during the 
past two weeks from Mar vie mi Virginia, North Carolina, 
Kentucky, Tennessee. Alahoma. Mi*iseippl, and Texas, we 
are confident that a great reaction has taken place, and that 
the mass of the people of the South, aa well as those of the 
North, are in favor of “ the Union, the Constitution, and the 
Enforcement of the L»w«," Quite a number of correspon¬ 
dents say the crisis i* phased—more than intimating that lira 
union is (or soon will be) ‘ played out "—and wc doubt not a 
vast majority of the people, even in the States which haro 
resolved to secede, are in favor of maintaining the Union 
intaot. If a few Southern tire-eaters and Northern fanatics 
were hung so high that Haman would havo to look up to see 
them, all would bo safe—but we trust the country will soon 
1| a 1*1 • ’ - - ■' •J ».«/ V4 \J ' - --"V KUUIU ftlUU—OUlWO trUSl tbl 1 COl 
g ourHclv^a Whjttlie gains. Oh, would that wc with the milking qualities of the animal. The writer. TaCky ’ Oovf,ntr - T » John A - Smjrn/i; Jrmrph rifchtheraelf without erfcnthat poor sacrifice 
were shut of him or lm.l never seen his black pro- several years ago, took some of this stock to the Rtete ’ ,ul " n ' 1 ^. Bninhridg.; A*« Foote, Sherburne; Era*tn«p. smith, ---' 
file. Ami then comes the demagogues. They see the Fair, and received as a premium the salutation '■ llll w ri . ^hn C. Bu.b.y, SmithvMIe; Christopher Boyce, Pkolieio Cowa-Canada-Ahead.'-in the 
the Btete of fiflWre, aud with their twutt, tact take ad- "IWto. (MR lOrmm, - - »Wo.U, h SS^*S25lSK2 £L%mZ£ 
This premium was not awarded by the Uoinmittee on Gorman ; n, unison R. Hakes. Pitc.hc-r a w 
in the Border States, and extending east until all of Two ridiculous Jersey cows, on common keeping, 
the .States are overrun. produced, from the iBt of April, 1*69, to tho 1st of 
But I am detaining you too long with the sayings April, IKtiO, what milk a family and two calves (one 
and doings in the valley of the Father of Waters. So Of which I sold for two hundred dollars, while I 
I will hid yon adieu, hoping that the Union men of refused that sum for the other,) needed, and five huri- 
MisBouri will find a sympathio chord extending <lred and six pound# of butter, which was sold for 28 
throughout the Union, that will bind secession, and cents per pound tbe year through, making the total 
consign it and its abettors to oblivion. s. f. t. product of these " Woolly Horse" Cotes three hun- 
Hanmbal, Mo., 1861. dred and forty dollars and eighty-four cents. 
Fair, and received as a premium the salutation ‘ , T*’ ''•rmtopher Boyce, tamo Cowa-Canada. Ahead.'-ln the Rwral of Sept. 
"Halloa there, Barn urn "Woolly horse,” etc. Oxford- A T I’er I -V Nnrtp n " n i'T! ^herwood, H, I860, a correspondent gavo an account of a cow in Iowa 
This premium WM not awarded by the Committee on Gcimon ; lb unison It. Hakes, Richer '"a W ' St rone b^n C ^ al,e f‘ ring tbc world to 
Milch Stock, (as they did not look in tho direction of ttcDoangh} Asa Pellet, Plymouth; A, A. Stoddard, Otselic; Capron, of Paris. C. W.'wlm ec-nlVs ^dTcume^te "which 
the animate while they were on the grounds.) 1 wish •« 0l ^ ,d - IAa*Uen; Solomon Wait, Preston; J. B. show that a Canmla female borina has far eclipsed the Iowa 
I were acquainted - with the anther of the remarks. I ■ Af '"” one. Mr. G. writes that Jas. Ddraxp, of Dundaa, G. W.', 
would like to send him tho following statement: P.khbsklaku Co. Ao. axb Mafl-p’s Society. —The annual ha<i 8 <>ow which ho thinks hue bent the world and Iowa too! 
Two ridiculous Jersey cows, on common keeping, WJUl largely attended, and the interest in the Society Ha says:—“She had at her first calving 3 calve*, *ocond, 2 ; 
produced, from the lBt of April, 1K6!>, to tho 1st of to received n new impulse. The exhibition of tlllr, h 4; fourth, 4, (I saw her with these four;) fifth, only 1 ; 
April, I SCO, what milk a family and two calves (one "'"‘'T * ,ul "reds, «-a« very fine, and attracted 4,-making eighteen calves at six Mrths and in six 
of which 1 sol. I lor . . ,i„n_ _ ruble utteriio n . Officers for 1801: President — .Unny years.'’’ This statement is conflimod by a recent letter from 
ABOUT LONG ISLAND LANDS. 
F.ns. TtifKAi, New Yoiikkr: — That article from 
1 f|V| . .. -. ’ - J 11 it I. |L| 1.1 
behalf. 1 here are many wrong impressions among Suffolk Go., on the scrub oak plain lands 
I lb w nine i 4 1.*. J *. hm * *■ I 
i*r«|iaralinn of Hones for Use. 
The best and cheapest method of preparing 
OSOOOD. Vice Presidents —George Vail, J. IT Willard, Hugh 
Rankin, Lewis E. Gurte), Nicholas Weaver. Secretary - \v 
T. Willard. Treasurer — H. W. Knickerbocker. /Hredurs — 
Edward Chamberlain. Wm. Lap.-, W. Newcomb, It. I. Van 
Boose a, J. G. Mott, W. R. Smith, E. Cole, I). W. C. DeFor- 
rest., E. Stevens, T. Knowlson, L. Wilder, C. W. Herrick, B. 
B Hewitt, S. Carpenter. H. E. Denison, J. Whiting, W. R. 
Defi-t'ctd, 
years’’ This statement in confirmed by a recent letter from 
the owner of the cow, (addressed to Mr. 0., and wnt us for 
inspection.) We think Canada Indisputably ahead, and that 
tho above is the most extraordinary instance of bovine 
fecundity wc ever recorded. 
In a 1*. S. to his letter, Mr. Capron mentions (and 
incloses) an extraordinary announcement made in the Toronto 
Globe of Nov. llHh, os follows:—" The Woodstock Time* pays 
that Mr. Thomas Wallace, of North Norwich, has a cow in 
..tt rxuun-y n, hi nnri.U DfOrWlCO* tia« li COW III 
Wyom iNci Co. Society.— The Mirror makes the gratifying hlH P ni * <>,sion gave birth, about fifteen months ago, to 
the whites concerning the red man. That they ure 
capable of receiving education, and of succeeding in 
the pursuits of the whites, is shown by the Wyaudots, 
Uclawaics, I’ottawutumies, and Shawuees, of Kan¬ 
sas, whoso farms are the best improved of any in the 
Territory. 
Kentucky and Tennessee present to the eyes of the 
traveler ninny pretty farms and plantations. Missis¬ 
sippi is a large cotton-growing State, and the cotton- 
crop is generally good. It is not until wo come to 
Louisiana that wc see large sugar plantations. The 
cabins of the negroes are all tastily white-washed, 
and look like a village on many of the plantations. 
The most of the machinery in the sugar-houses is 
manufactured in the north, and I noticed that 
Bodies ter was represented by her machinery in a 
large refinery. Thousands of dollars are paid into 
Island, was evidently Written by one of those north 
shore men who own land and village lots there; they 
now evidently feel that the scepter is departing from 
them since the settlements have began in the wilds 
along tho Long Island Railroad. The very assertion 
that it costs $50 an acre to clean the land of its 
vegetable incumbrances is prima facia evidence of 
the lands' organic wealth. John Jounkton und 
myself were both there in October, and examined 
both soil, fruit, and crops; vide Johnston's very 
favorable notice in the Country Omltem/vn . He told 
me on Iris return, that there were no better fields of 
timothy and clover in Western New York, and that 
tbe soil was more alluminoug than that he saw on the 
farms at the north. Four hundred dollars’ worth of 
line peaches were sold from one new orchard carved 
out ol the oak plains, and all the crops were good. 
Large clearings were making at an expense of $16 to 
the hands of northern men every year for machinery. Large clearings were making at an expense of $16 to 
l exas is destined to be one of the most prosperous $20 the acre, and villages growing, 
agricultural States of the Union. Her goil is rich, Waterloo, N. Y., Jan., ism S. Williams. 
and capable of producing crops of all kinds in tho 
greatest quantity. Tho people have'suffered with Chapter on Hens. — Our farmers in this section 
convenient, and put them into a tnb of ley, to remain 
tln ro during pleasure, until the animal matter is all 
extracted and incorporated with the ley. The min¬ 
eral part of tho bones will now be found very friable 
and easily pulverized. They should be rinsod clean, 
pulverized, and put into another tub or trough. 
Apply to them some diluted sulphuric acid, in the 
proportion of one 1**41 to five ol wnt.-,. inn 
them frequently, and in a short time they will be 
entirely decomposed and fit for use. These two 
masses, being equally rich in the elements of fertility, 
the one of ammonia and tho other of phosphorus, are 
equally valuable as fertilizers, and adapted to any 
and every variety of soil that may be deficient in 
these elements, are equally necessary for the healthful 
maturity of every growing plant, whether of grain, 
grasses, fruits or roots. 1 now advise a mixture •>! 
these two masses with the general compost, to secure 
a general diffusion of them upon the different fields to 
Sanford, and Carlo* Btebblns, Directors. Tho society seems t ' xhibiU! ‘ i b.v S. K k W. Witherspoon, 67 Buffiilo street, this 
likely to succeed in raising the balance due on its Fair <>n l sa h * r “i were the cynosure of scores of 
Grounds. eager eyes. They were bred amt fattened by Danikl and 
Waynk Co. Society— At the recent annual meeting the J °" N Smit "’ f ' lt,lpr a '" 1 Stin ' of Wheatland, in this county, 
following hoard of officers was elected: President— S. B. T!lt *' t ‘ e “ M specimens of the gonna Sur were only 20 months 
drouth the past season, but this does not happen s*\v it will not pay to keep hens, and though they do be manured. My reason for the genera! diffusion of 
every year. Stock and sheep-raising are tho most kee P them, they say they are more plague than profit, 
profitable pursuits. The climate of Texas is very 1 have not founfl it so. Last year I commenced with 
healthy, ami consumption is rare indeed. The State fourteen liens, which I kept till May, when I parted 
is very prosperous, and many railroads are in course two of them, and so they gradually dwindled to 
or construction. Considerable excitement prevails eight ill the fall, I kept a careful account of all the 
throughout the State in consequence of the Presi- Cggs, and, as far as possible, of the number each one 
dential election. Gon grant that this glorious Union hiye.d, as well ns the expense of keeping. Tho work I 
may ever remain (is our forefathers left it to us. May <1'<1 not reckon, as that was a pleasure 1 would not like 
we know "no 8011 th, no North, no East, no West," to forego. 1 was obliged to buy the grain for them, 
“ Firm, united let us be, 
Rallying round our liberty.” 
Houston, Texas, 1860. 
D. W. Dokan. 
LETTER FROM MISSOURI. 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker:— Perhaps some of our 
New England friends would like to hear how "mat- 
tors and things in geueral” are progressing on the 
Great Father of Waters. If they could see it now, 
they would drink it was like the jockey’s horse, 
“showing a great deal of bottom, hut little speed," for 
we are having a taste of a “Down-East uniter." As 
yet, our wheat is not injured, for we have been blessed 
which consisted of wheat, screenings, barley, oats, 
and buckwheat, and amounted to $5,03, I consider 
the screenings a superior food for liens. The num¬ 
ber of eggs I received during tho year was 1879 , or 
166 dozen and 7 eggs, valued ‘ at 124 eents per 
dozen, $19,67. I also raised one brood of nine 
chickens to replenish my flock. Does it pay? I 
think it does. One hen layed 211 eggs, or 17 dozen 
and 7 eggs. A writer for the agricultural press says, 
these masses upon the different fields is, first, every 
plant needs them. Secondly, the farmer’s resources 
in this line will be mainly within himself. This will 
he true of those that live at a distance from villages 
and cities. Their resources must be small. Thirdly, 
the elements of the bone, both animal and mineral, 
were taken from the different fields, and should be 
returned to the same fields. To keep up tho fertility 
of each field, it is necessary to return to it annually 
the same elements that are taken away. The farmer 
may secure a larger crop of any kind on any field, by 
robbing Other fields of the same elements of fertility 
to enrich that one. Rut such a policy would not only 
be bad, but ruinous, if pursued. 
Ifnijttimis anti SVnsu’m. 
KyAaMUinc; TiAiiiER.— 1 would like to le/irn more definitely 
Oavjtt. Vice PrMidkrit-n. G. Dickerson. Secirtanj^E. P. 
Knowles. Treasurer —W. D. Perrinc. Board of M<rnayers— 
F. T. Palmer, 11. J. Leach, lie nr) Graham, Jr. John Westfall 
It. N. Thoru.m 
Alii any Co. Society— Annual meeting Jan. 9th. Officers 
elected: 1 'resident —William IIukst. Vice President— Har¬ 
mon V. Strong, IVatervleit. Secretary —John Wilson. Treas- 
unr —Joseph Hilton, New Scotland. Directors—Vf m. Tuttle, 
John Waggoner, John H Booth, H. L. Godfrey, Wm. Lap* 
Yatics Go, Society— At its recent annual meeting, this 
Society made the following excellent selection of officers for 
the present year: /'resident — Guy Shaw. P ice President — 
John Southerland, Secretary —John Mallory. Treasunr— 
B. L. Hoyt. 
Ska.nuatki.es Farmers’ Club— Thin model organization 
held its annual meeting on the 6 th inat. Though the worthy 
" Secretary, since 1860,” boa not favored us with a direct 
communication mi the subject, we are enabled to give tin- 
list of officers for 1861, ns published iu an exchange: Presi 
dent — Henry Ellery. Vine. Presidents — Alford Lamb and 
John Dnvey Board of Directors —Jacob II. Allen, WillsGiift. 
Lewis Spaulding, Joab L. (’lift, Edward Shepard, John Calvin 
Drown, Jas. A. Root, Jcdndiah Irish. Christopher C. Wyckoti 
lewis W Cleave land, Joseph Tall cut, and Chester Moser. 
William J Townsend, Treasurer, 3d term. William M. 
Beauchamp, Secretary, since 1850. 
f fin Oxford Ao. Association (Chenango Co.) has chosen 
officers for 1861, as follows: President —W. G. Sands, Oxford. 
Vice Presidents — E. A. Bundy, Oxford; R. Chandler, Coven 
try; Ransom Yale, SmithviUc; E. J. Berry, Preston; A. 
Alcott, Guilford. Secretary—*. Bundy, Oxford. Treasure)— 
Isaac S. Sherwood, Oxford. Directors —Johu Shaltuck, Nor¬ 
wich; E. P. Smith, Guilford; J. M. Phillips, Coventry; Silas 
Tillotson, Greene; Eleazer Isbell, McDonough; R, T. David¬ 
son, 0 a ford, 
Tim Coi. t'M tins An. Society (Chenango Co.) elected the 
following officers at ita annual meeting, Jan. 8 th: President _ 
linns will not lav over 1(1 dozen, ordinarily with the lllt P r0C(-ss ” 1 ' preserving posts. I think it is called Kvanii following officers at its annual meeting, Jan. 8 th President— 
te«t of coro. I think him mloinkon. 1 inmn,! trying ^ 
again thin year, und have cotutnnnced will, ten hone. . Kmtojs-V. T-Hotmt .. J>. Mam- 
—J* J]. I j*, Her ki ntter Co., A, K, 1861. 
yet, our wheat is not injured, for we have been blessed Wood fok Fuel.—I t is now time to cut the wood h<iut« und ahocsv is von interior to what \t. u#e«l to bo. and 
with a few inches of snow every severe freeze, and at for fuel, and as many have written their opinions, I ^o'wh" ^Sm.^ 
present we have about four inches on a .sleet fonuda- will give mine. Let every person cut over a twen- Fktb,* : i?a*d the rawuor, thej grow on trees, nwaj' up North!” 
tion ; ticth part of his woods yearly, till all is cut, and keep iwi tink dcy pick a/or * H * m 
II yon will stand for a few hours on Market street, the same secure from animals, and lie will have a 
you will get an insight into the way the people out never-failing supply,—tliftt is, if the twentieth will Durymes-/ .- ,f /.odometerm cheese Making. 
. . . wAv.vv*. —ie»w(l by a lactamclor^ tn 6 )v U&^ivutdmorofcCe Lu the rich 
nere enjoy such a luxury, hut you will need over- test ft year. Perhaps there might be some profit in nos* of different enwg’ milk—^tuutis, some have much thicker 
shies, oven-oat and mittens, for the air is keen, filling up, where the trees are sparse, with raspberries, will ^ 
navmg huea ourselves, and taken our stand, we will blaoKbernes, whortleberries, .Ve„ so that the grass the lactometer, contains four enihs of u u inch cream, make 
observe the vehicles as they pass. Here comes a maybe kept out, and the leaves prevented blowing th^-teU^ 
Hue, dashing. Iron-grey, drawing “a Yankee jumper," away.—N. H., Lakeville, A. 1., 1861. claimed that there tyonlil be as much cheese iu oue ease as in 
The PrxDKB Union Ao. Society (Yates Co ) elected the 
following officers at its recent itnuua! meeting President _ 
Uriah Hair. Vice President —John C. Shannon. Treasurer 
—Daniel Supplee. Secretary —P, MrKcy. Directors —Harri¬ 
son Shannon, George Kels, Josiah Morron, James Reeder, 
James Havens, S. Young*, Nicholas Webb. 
Roshville Union Ao. Society. —Officers for 1861: Presi¬ 
dent— W. N. Pkkky. Ptee President* — H. M Boardman, M. 
A. Pierce, M. B. Watkins, Treasurer — C. L>. Castle. Kec. 
Secretary —J. Sayre. Cor. Swciary — George \V. Stearns. 
(viz., two white-oak poles, shaved and bent, with a 
dry goods box on,) tho occupants, a gentleman and 
lady, who seem to enjoy themselves hugely. Here 
comes another, made alter the same style, but there 
seems to have boon a little more pains taken with 
this, for it has a square box made of planed boards. 
spirit of tho 
llay and Roots — Comparative Value. 
In writing upon this subject, a correspondent of 
the New England Farmer remarks that hay is the 
as much iTiim-n a* another u na-e roilk contains, s,iv. twu m A l urrcc, M. l>. Watkins, treasurer — C. D. Castle. Kec. 
three-tenths—quantity of mil., being the samel' Some have Secretary—3. Sayre. Cor. Secretary — George W. Stearns, 
claimed that there Mould be as much cheese in one ease as in Directors —I*. F. Ayres, J. H. Codv, L. Adams F. 11 Green 
the other, but not of so goo I quality, hence this iiiuuii-v. r , t, ’ ’ 
Will some of your dairy correspondents give us a little light Holbrook. 1 ( 1 . Chamberlain, 
on the subject? o—_. 
Here comes another jolly set, twelve negroes in a chief article of food for stock during the winter sea- 
two orac ft agon—wo can hear thorn corning fur a sou; and, generally speaking, if a sufficiency of good 
lung distance, some arc talking, some are laughing, hay is properly fed to stock, they will thrive upon it, 
and all are stretching their lungs to their full extent, and increase in weight and value. But it is not 
and these are followed by "boys” on horses and always, nor oven usually the case, that farmers have 
mules. I)o you ask why the negroes .are allowed such 
liberty 't I will answer. The negroes in Missouri 
are nominally slaves at any time,—but Christmas 
week is their own,—they have no work to do unless 
they choose,—and if wo see one at work we can set 
him down tvs free. They use “mossa’s bosses and 
a sufficiency of the best quality of liny to feed to 
their stock, with no exceptions in the way of coarse 
fodder, damaged hay, straw, Ac., and in case tho 
latter is fed, or when the usual yield of hay has been 
reduced by reason of drouth, or other causes, 
root crops a fiord a valuable auxiliary, whether used 
wagon,” have things generally their own way, and go in connection with the former, eras a substitute ^ 
where the V nleaso In their Own L/nvndiin. kni n- tu r , i i + , ■ •, ?. , ..lake stenc lime in a large tub or ban el, ft uh boiling water, 
To oof f M b 'Tsn . ’ ri ’ ’ U lf llK '- V ' l,r the ]iltU?r * ' Unce 14 oftcn beuomi ‘* n ^ C6sar y to covering to keep in the steam. When thus slaked! pass r, 
go out, tho laws require them to havo a pass. Rut know the comparative- value of potatoes, carrots and quarts through a tine reive, it will then be in a state of fine 
UP htiro OVkAVif tim;. rtiartiarfb titUI. Q . ... A 1 1 .a . .. . 
Anotiikr — Renting Whey to Cows .— What is the result of 
tho ex [m rienee of those dairymen who have practiced feeding 
tlu-ir "hey to their cows— hmre particularly upon th e health 
and durability of tho cows?’ I have heard some contend that 
COWS would do ft ell for two r,r three year.-, perhaps, but then 
their tooth would fail, and tho cows have to be gi>ou up —A 
Yocno Dairyman, l/erkimer Co., /V. V., 1861. 
Finn Proof 1’aj.yt. or Wash. —I saw an inquiry from “A 
Subscriber" in the Rural of the 12th iust., relative to a 
recipe for making a fire-proof paint, or wash. I herewith 
send two wbieh 1 know are excellent: 
Fire-Proof and Water-Proof Faint .—Take sufficient quantity 
of waw-i for use, odd as much potash as can be dissolved therein. 
When the water will dissolve no more potash, stir into the 
solution first, a quantity of (lour paste, of the consistency of 
painter’s size; second, a sufficiency of pure clay to render it 
of tho consistency of eream Apply with a painter's brush. 
Water-Proof and Fire-Proof Cement for Poofs of /Kruse *.— 
Slake stone limp in a large tub or barlel, with boiling water, 
covering In keep in the steam. When thus slaked, pass 6 
wc have spent time enough with the Hamiso, and while 
we have boon watching him, vehicles uf all conceiv¬ 
able shapes aud sizes, drawn by good horses aud poor 
oacs, mules and donkeys, have passed us. Here 
comes a dashing team drawing a fine New York double 
cutter, or light sleigh, with six in it. Wo are uequaiut- 
ruta bagas, that farmers muy be able to substitute, in 
part, these roots for hay. 
It is becoming more and more the practice of our 
best farmers to feed out, not only their carrots, tur¬ 
nips, Ac., but their potatoes, instead of selling them 
from the farm to be worked into starch, iu the belief 
flour. To thin add 1 quart of rock salt and 1 gallon or water invested ff placed in the band* of its worthy creditor*. 
Boil the mixture, and skim it dean. To every 5 gallons of Officers elected: President —WM. B. Rcrhakd, Ohio. Sare- 
this skimmed mixture, add 1 pound of alum and V 2 pound of tary— Ben. Perloy Poore, Washington. Treasurer— R B. 
The I nion Society of Marathon, Lapeer, Freetown and 
Willett (Cortland Co.,) ha* chosen tho following officers for 
ISO! ■ President — Thomas Barky. Vice President —<!. Peuoyer, 
Ogden Gray, John Corp, F.. B. Arnold. Secretary— Lucieu A. 
Hazen. Treasurer —E. Clark Oarley. Directors —Thomas B. 
l’hcttcrplace, D. C. Squires, Alan son BcDjamin, Ransom Green 
Titk DeWitt Farmers’ Cum (Onondaga Co.) was formed 
on the 12th inst, and the following officers elected: President 
—V. V. Nottingham, rice /‘resident* —I. M. Shoudy, P. P. 
Middler, II. T. Fellow*. Treasurer —Rufus R. Kinne. Secre¬ 
tary — J. Henry Smith. 
NATIONAL, STATE AND OTHER sbCIETTES. 
United States Ao. Society— Annual meeting at Waeh- 
ington. Jan. 9th Not largely atteuted Tbe Treasurer 
reported over Si 000 cash on h ind; also that $8,000 of the 
avail* of Chicago Exhibition (in 1S59) had been placed in tbe 
hundB of H. Waokr, Esq., for investment, of which sum he 
had paid over to the Treasurer during the past year less than 
$1 500. From which we infer the National Society has quite 
a fuod, and would suggest a portion of it might be well 
invested if placed in the Land* of its worthy creditor*. 
Officers elected: President — Wm. R HciuukR, Ohio. Scent¬ 
ed with thorn, so we will be impertinent enough to I that the good of their farms demands it, and that 
copperas; by slow degrees, add ti pound potash and 4 quarts 
fine sand, or wood ashes, sifted. 
Both of the above will admit of any coloring you please. 
It looks better than paint, and is as durable as slate .— J. J. 
Brown, l/oneoye Falls, N. Y., 1861. 
French. One Vice President from each State and Territory. 
A report was approved deprecating the practice of holding 
exhibitions in different sections of the country, and resolu¬ 
tion* were adopted recom nendiug the establishment of a 
Department of Agriculture by the Government. 
' old, and weighed respectively as follow*, in pounds'—598, 494 , 
535, 4D6, 433. 48S, 5Hi, 625. 605, 600, 030, 602. This is an 
average of 526, or an aggregate of wvr six thousand ami three 
• i. -j. — , --- o<c sum ui- xmu.iuoou ml* 
si.-in breed, with a Cross of Leicester and Suffolk. They arc 
* ban !*omu fellows — plump nod small boned, resembling the 
Suffolk* in form. Such porker* are worthy a town long 
celebrated in the animt* of wheat growing, and for it* *upe 
, rior soil and progressive cultivator*. Can any of our readers, 
in this State or elsewhere, tell of a better dozen hogs, only 
twenty months old? 
Brazilian Pop Corn.— We are indebted to our friend and 
occasional correspondent, Dr. M. W PuiLuru, of Edwards, 
Miss., for the most beautiful enr of corn, of it* sue, we ever 
saw—which he labels a* above. It contain* twelve rows, i* 
' three aud one fourth inches long, and only three fourths of 
an inch in diameter! Hu Buy*— u Twenty-nine b talks the 
crop; 250 ear* the product. Ono hfalk had 25, another 20 
ears.” The ear has 239 kernel*, of a dark red color, each 
about the size of a No. 3 shot. (We hope our Mi*smmppi 
friend* don't propose to pop at any human body, through a 
gnu, with this article I ] We think it identical with tbe 
“ Lgyption Corn," (sold by one Ckandal, of HI., last year,) 
about which Re it A L readers have been advised aforetime. 
• * - 
The Yai,k Ao’i. Lkctdrkb Postionkd— The Homestead 
of last week makes this brief but positive announcement:— 
“ Apprehending the effect of political excitemcntln diminish¬ 
ing the interest and usefulues* of an agricultural convention, 
it has been decided to postpone a repetition of the ‘ Yale 
Agricultural Lecture* ’ to another year. The regular lecture* 
of the iustitution on Agricultural Chemistry and the general 
principles of agriculture, will be given a* usual, commencing 
February 1st.” 
Tax on Dogs. —The lo*s accruing from the depredations of 
dogs among sheep, is becoming onerous in some part* of this 
Htate. as it. ha* long been at the West, and wo are glad to 
notice that the subject Is receiving attention and action. At 
the last meeting of the Oswego County Ag. Society, a resolu 
tion was passed and a committee appointed to sue to the 
deforcement of the law taring dogs, and to make complaint 
before the Grand Jury of Assessors for neglecting their duty 
in this respect. 
Wiikat Crops — a eerage in Different States .— The wheat 
crop of Wisconsin last year i* said to have “ averaged twenty- 
eight (28) bushel* per acre.” Can any of your Rural readers 
correctly estimate the average crop of I860 in the State, of 
New York? it would probably surprise persons who have 
not turned special attention to the matter, to hear (hat the 
average wheat crop of this State fifteen yearn ago, when 
wheat-growing was iu a palmier state than even now, did not 
equal me half of the present alleged average in Wisconsin. 
Even this last-mentioned average is not too largo for good 
farming; but i» it not exaggerated?—G eneskk. 
About Cattlh Running in the Highways— In reply to 
the assertion that “ the road i* the poor man’s pasture,” the 
President of the Ohio State Hoard of Agriculture makes this 
interesting statement;—" My attention and that of other* 
has been directed to ascertaining the actual ownership of the 
cattle found runuing in the highways, and the result ha* 
been the conviction that less than five pei cent, of the cattle 
found at large are owned by poor aud Undleas person*. In 
almost every instance, in the rural district* over which my 
acquaintance extend*, the cattle found on the road are the 
property of neighboring landholders, and in country villages, 
merchants, lawyers, doc to is, tavern keepers, master-me¬ 
chanics, and other persona in comfortable circumstances, are 
pasturing tho road* and common*; white the really needy 
families, for whom onr sympathies ought to be t-a listed, are 
buying milk by the pint,” 
A Goon Cukesk Vat is advertised in this paper — one which 
Wf have heretofore noticed favorably, and to which we now 
cheerfully direct the attention of Dairymen, without the 
solicition or knowledge of any ono interested ia ite manufac¬ 
ture or sale. Tbe 6 *me enterprising firm (Mcsarg. Cooler, 
of Watertown,) ako furnish other article* which are indis- J 
pensahle to dairy farmer*. Read tho advertisement for 
particular*. , 
Pkindle’s Ag'l Caldron and Steamer—' Those who have 
inquired of ub about this machine, and all others interested, c 
are referred to an advertisement in this paper, announcing 
that it is being manufactured and sold by a firm in Rochester. ( 
