Mr. Loomis remarked tliat lie mui never .* 
healthy tree attacked by a borer. He believed a tree 
like the human body in this respect. As long as 
healthy and sound, the insects would not 
thought discrimination should be used in 
k that all trees should be trained accord- 
the natural growth of their branches. The 
the Benonilow, 
which they spread in 
He did not believe it the 
of the borer to deposit eggs in healthy, living 
trees should be set 
TO M A K V, A WINDOW SHADE 
was 
it remains 
injure it. 
Mr. Catt 
training trees 
ing to t— ... 
Bellflower should be trained high 
according to the iuanuer in w 
attaining their growth 
nature 
bark. In planting, said he, 
toward the southwest. 
Mr. Millikin said it was tl 
that induced thorn to seek tall trees, 
and planted ISO trees of tall form. They grew for a 
while, but soon all were attacked by borers. 
Mr Stains dissented from the opinion that healthy I 
trees'are not attacked by borers. He believed the| 
can=e of injury was the want of proper shading. He| 
I held that trees must be branched near the ground. 
Mr. Loomis inquired if the borer ever attacked 
the north side of a tree, to which several gentlemen 
answered in the negative. Then he assumed that 
injury was first done by scorching; after the tree was 
scorched, it was attacked by borers. 
Mr. Stoma believed that the instinct of the >oier 
taught it, that u hot aun was necessary to the hatching 
<A m* Tey sa id that all the remarks made tended 
i t0 confirm his position, that shading the trees was 
i necessary to prevent the attack of borers, The same 
thing might be observed in regard to fruit trees, 
1 In recent clearings he found that young trees leti 
- exposed to the sun had been attacked by the borers. 
Kps. R\ kai. New-Yorker: —Place a piece of good 
bleached cotton, the required si/.e, on a stretching 
frame, and give it a coat of raw linseed oil, that it 
may be thoroughly saturated. l>et it dry, then paint 
the scene on the opposite side Ivom that on which 
the. raw linseed was applied. For a mezzotint, use 
nothing but fine drop blin k, boiled oil, and turpen¬ 
tine; first dampen the surface of the cloth with raw 
oil, slightly. The lights arc made by scraping off the 
rolor with a knife or spatula. Where deep shade is 
required, use the pigment that you have made thick¬ 
est, and where lighter ones are used, as in distance, 
use thinner pigment. The knowledge which artists 
require in painting, will enable them to judge of the 
proper consistence. Tin*, high lights and semi-lights 
are made by scraping. The foliage of some trees, for 
instance, may be made by moving the hand in a ch¬ 
iding the spatula between the thumb 
.6 blade, and touching the cloth at 
1, The form of foliage must sug- 
of scraping. A trunk of a tree in 
pay be made with one stroke of the 
hick pigment, and if the light is 
to from the left hand, scrap off about 
io left third part of the trunk, hold- 
rather fiat, so that the shade on the 
lend too abruptly. There is much to 
t and taste of the painter that cannot 
OHIO STATE POMObUUiCAo 
The Ohio Bornological Society is one of the most 
efficient in the country. It was organized in 1 «. 
and the regular meetings are now held biennially, 
alternating with the meetings of the American 
Pomologies) Society; but special meetingsi may be 
held at anv time, on the call of the President and 
Secretory, and the Committee ad Interim are expected 
to meet at least once iu each year, in addition to the 
regular meetings of the Society. 
The last meeting was held at Cincinnati on the 
15th and Ifith nit., and we give a synopsis ot the 
discussions. 
apples. 
Indiana Favorite- Described by Dr. Warder, as 
red, striped, good size, and resembling the Red V an 
dervere or Newtown Spitzenburgb; not so fine in 
flavor, but a better keeper; supposed to he a seed¬ 
ling of the Vandervere Pippin- At this point, a long 
discussion sprung up on the size indicated by the 
terms “medium” and “good size.” 
Buchanan Pippin- A seedling raised by Mr. Bu¬ 
chanan; medium size, red, a long keeper, and best 
-Much depends upon the state of growth of the poronl 1 
plants; if they are growing very luxuvianllv previous to set¬ 
ting their seed*, the Seed bugs will prove strong growers but 
if, on the contrary, the plants are weak, and when setting, 
and while maturing seed, are stimulated into a strong and 
vigorous growth, the fruit will he larger, and the tendency 
to produce double flowers very much increased 
is u fact well known to the German florists, who are 
proverbial for producing double balsams, Asters, and Btnok- 
gilly flowers. It also explains the reason why the Oahha 
and Hollyhock flowers remained so long single, although the 
plants were as strung growers then us now, uud Why their 
seedlings are so certain to degenerate, no matter how strong 
the plants are, unless every moans are taken to stimulate 
them while setting and maturing seed. It may also explain 
why Tulips and Pansies are so generally produced single at 
this day, as any stimulus given to them, while in flower, 
causes the colors to run and intermix, thus spoiling tbmr 
beauty in the eyes of critics, for auy tendency to double flowers 
hi these plants is accompanied by defective coloring. 
“ The best raiser of the Stock gilly that I ever knew, used 
to grow his plants in very small pots and poor soil, until the 
blossom buds began to form; he then planted them out in a 
bed of rich mil, and supplied them liberally with manure 
water, until the seeds were ripe, and from seeds so produced, 
be had always a large proportion or plants that, had double 
flowers, and thu plants of a fine dwarf habit, which would 
not, be the case when the stimulus was applied during all the 
period of growth,” 
Tun "Wratukr, Ftum-s, &c„ in London—a friend, now 
on a visit, to England, writes us on the 1st ult :-‘ , l have 
been into several fruit rooms here, and I assure you the fruit 
When at Philadelphia last autumn, wo wore 
sented with specimens of the Bartrara pear, t is <’ 
medium size, pale yellow, obovate. juicy, welting, ot 
flue texture, and of the “best” quality. It was 
brought before the American Bornological Society at 
itB last seaaiua in Philadelphia* hy H. K. Sion. l * 
Mitchell indorsed its good qualities, and stated that 
it was well known to Dr. Brinckle, who had token 
pains to obtain its history from the Bartkau lamily. 
Mr. M. said it was so much superior to the old Bar- 
tram pear, tliat that variety should be discarded and 
stricken from the lists and this insertedjm its place. 
is very poor, hardly tit to no consume .... 
visited the Sroithfield Cattle Show, and it was a very fine 
affair, the cattle being superb. The Sydenham Crystal Palace 
is a triumph of which tho nation may well he proud. I also 
visited the Thames Tunnel, and all other remarkable places 
in and around London. Every florist Is trying to get seeds 
of the double Zinnias, and I bought a package containing a 
very few seeds for sixty cents We are getting very season* 
ble weather bora at present, the ground being covered with 
i crystal and white.’ t miss the sleighing, stoves, and such 
I like comforts, very much.”_ 
Mui.tcm in I’akvo.— One of our subscribers, Mr. George 
Hayward, or Brooklyn, lias been reading and doing to some 
purpose. He writes us as follows:-” 1 have raised this year, 
upon nine feet square, in my lot at tho back of the house, as 
follows- three and a quarter pecks or onions gathered tor 
njiny green with lettuce; omi 
;ood «• abbage lettuce; twelve 
nd crop of greens from tho 
icumbere; a good supply of 
and fall; hall' a bushel of 
shows what can be done.— 
BUCKWHEAT CAKES 
THE BOTANY OF JAPAN 
e obtained access to ft j 
Umpire, we shall Boon 
Is Flora; and in ft few I 
a will be decorated with 
uige land. Mr. John (1. 
ted English nurseryman, 
in Japan, and will soon 
of its Flora. Mr. V. 
Ith of July, and imnmdi- 
rchos. From his letters, 
Hardeners' Chronicle, we 
not in summer also? We noeu in winter uu> iuuu 
which contains most carbon; that is, the heat pro¬ 
ducing principle, something: which will keep up the 
internal fires to compensate for the external cold. 
Meats, everything containing fat, arc largely made of 
carbon, hence we instinctively eat heartily of inputs 
in winter, but have small appetite for them in sum- 
while other forms of bread materials, meal and 
Hour, are desired all the yenr. It is because buck¬ 
wheat cakes arc superior to bread as to fatty matter, 
while the syrup and butter used with them arc 
almost entirely of carbon. Ho that there is nothing 
mnri* suitable for a winter breakfast than buckwheat 
York, whore almost 
mer, 
ately comme 
published in 
make the following extracts: 
“1 have already picked up in an old Japanese gar¬ 
den one or two nice plants, which I think will prove 
to be good tilings; from what I have seen as yet 
think there are many good evergreens here, but no 
Conifers of note. Cryptomerift japouica is common, 
hut all the rarer species are further north, and indeed 
I would rather find them there than here, as 1 tear 
they would not he hardy. I propose going on to 
Jed do as soon as an opportunity offers, and then 
to Hakodttdi. As the winter sets in 
' • in the north, I shall be able, after 
Hakodttdi, to return, to Jeddo, getting 
Ae„ and then, coming back to 
i, take all mv collection to Hong Kong. 
inVvdgoV alrstl be able to get ft good 
’ '»P fa*/ glass cases. Ami 1 hope to 
seeds of new hardy lerns in my next 
not yet quite fit. 
' I some time in rambling over 
ighborhood, and looking into all 
;ain acoesB to in the town. J lie 
excessively civil, and in no one instance 
plants of easy culture for a glass case, we would name m- 
gonia vex. TtftdOBWintia discolor, Tmdesrantia wbrlno, Saxi- 
fruga sarmentOBU, Hydrangea vanogatu. any one of the vat ic 
gated rubidiums, 2 Ferns (l Adiautum, 1 Eteris or Bleehmnn), 
Lycopodium, say L. deuticulatum, co-si urn, or nrboreum; Va 
negated Periwinkle. This list will afford a great variety ol 
form of foliage, color, and habit, bearing confinement toler¬ 
ably well, and aro plants that can he readily procured of 
almost any florist. - Gardener's Monthly. 
ltKCOKO OP TUIC PllOORESSIVK GARDENERS’ bOCIKTY. Wo 
are indebted to the Secretary, It. B. HOOvr, for a copy of the 
proceeding* of tho Progressive Gardeners’ Society of Phila¬ 
delphia, being the find, annual report, for 1800; It is a 
pamphlet of 130 pages, and gives a pretty fall report of the 
I discussions nt the various meetings, as well us twelve essays 
probably 
early in November 
Collecting at I- 
seeds of (’onifei'ic, 
Nagasftk 
From wl 
many plants suitab 
send you some 
letter; but they are 
1 have been occupied 
the hills in this neiL 
the gardens I can gain 
people are ... 
with the least hindrance; on the contrary, 
any plant I take a fancy to, and 
he relied on as being ripe at the same time. It is 
necessary to study the character of each individual 
variety, in order to understand them sufficiently well. 
Mr. Riley spoke concerning one pear —the Vicar 
of Winkfteld. He formerly thought it a very poor 
fruit, hut in keeping a quantity in his cellar some six 
or eight weeks, lie found them of very good flavor, 
nearly equal to the Bartlett. He put them in a dry 
cellar, taking care to exclude the light and air. He 
did not believe it was the atmosphere that shriveled 
the fruit, hut the light. 
SMALL FRUITS. 
Strawberries. — Mr. Win, Stems spoke of the vane 
ties. Wilson’s Albany was not such as he wouh 
plant for his own use. Us flavor was not to the taste 
and the fruit stalks were too short. Still its greit 
productiveness makes it profitable. The Iowa, or 
Washington, was the most reliable and profitable as 
as an early variety. Needs wide planting and good 
culture. But if he were going to plant largely for 
market, he would choose the Wilson’s Albany. After 
planting, must be cultivated so as to keep them per¬ 
fectly free from weeds. 
Lawton Blackberry.— Mr. Knox has ten acres of 
these plants. They produce enormously. The ber¬ 
ries are line when ripe, but the character ol this 
fruit has been injured by picking before ripe. They 
arc luscious, and popular in this market. He had 
crops for four or five seasons, and never failed, save 
from tlm June frosts of 1859. He plants in rows live 
by ten feet apart. He pinches off the tops, and uses 
m, stakes. They never winter-kill. 
have I met 
every one gives me 
Beemed pleased to do it* 
I have been as far inland towards tho center of the 
Island as foreigners can get, but have still a good 
many hills and valleys to visit. The vegetation on 
the hills and mountains, the higbeHt of which access¬ 
ible to foreigners is 2000 feet, is very varied; but at 
this season of the year there is scarcely anything in 
(lower. I often walk all day and scarcely get more 
more than ten specimens. There are many shrubs 
seeding, hut none of these are ripe, and I am com¬ 
pelled to leave them until my return from the north. 
Amongst shrubs, Aralla Steboldl is very common, 
several species of Viburnum, Came lias, and numerous 
other evergreens. In tho gardens horn 1 have picked 
up several nice things, of each of which before I 
leave for the north 1 will send home a specimen. 
The only Japanese nursery near here is about 15 
miles distant, and in a part of the country where 
foreigners cannot go. I have, however, sent a man 
there to bring me what ho can find. All tho plants 1 
have hitherto obtained aro potted and put away in 
my garden here at the temple. 1 have between fort) 
and fifty plants, and almost fancy myself at Chclset 
while 1 am watering them, Ac. 
I have been collecting specimens of Japan timbe 
trees growing in this neighborhood. I have obtain®! 
:$3 named kinds, and hope to get a similar collectioi 
at Jeddo and Hakodadi. I think these will hover, 
interesting, as being the first collection ol the kin 
made in Japan. 
I can give you no description ot the beauty ot tu 
scenery about here; we are entirely surrounded I* 
hills and mountains, so much *o that ou entering tb 
harbor you cannot see anything of the town until yo 
are close upon it. and then it hursts upon you all i 
once. The entrance to Nagasaki harbor is coi 
TOMATO CATSUP-ICE CREAM, &c, 
Eos. Ritual New-Yorker:- Noticing a request 
from a subscriber for a recipe for tomato catsup, I 
take the liberty of sending one which we have tested, 
and found not. wanting. A Iso a few others, which aie 
good. 
Strain your tomatoes and me.i- 
them, boil 4 hours over a slow fire, i o one 
add 3 tablcspoonfuls of salt, J of 
‘2 of cloves, 1 of mustard. Boil 
Cool and bottle 
inquiries anil Answers 
Tomato Catsup 
sure 
gallon tomatoes 
pepper, 2 of spice, 
two hours. Add l quart vinegar 
tight. 
Ick Cream.— 1 Take of new milk 
quarts; 2 pounds sugar, and 12 eggs. Dissolve the 
| sugar in tlio milk, beat the eggs to a froth, and add 
to the whole. Strain, and tiring to a scald, but be 
careful not to bum. When cool, flavor with extract 
of vanilla or oil lemon. Pack the tin freezer in a 
tub, with broken ice and salt, whirl the freezer, and 
occasionally Bcrape down from tho side what gath¬ 
ers ou. Tho proportions are one quart of salt to 
every pail of ice. 
Pi-KK Cake.— Three cups flour; 2 cups white sugar; 
1 cup butter; 1 of sweetmilk; 3 eggs; 2 teaspoorriuls 
cream tartar, (in the Hour,) ouc of soda, (in the milk,) 
stir all together at once. Nellie. 
Le Roy, N. Y., 180L 
Long Keeping Apples. —I have some apple* which are 
two years old said to in- the English IM. I exhibited 
thom at tho Connecticut Stab- Fair in 1*™, llt ,t "’ w ,l0 ' 1 
I rid"e Town Fair in 1800, and they an- now at the present 
bmirL sound as When picked from tlm tm- wilk* prospect 
of lumping one year longer. Will you describe the Kngll^h 
Russet, through your valuable paper and much '"' s”' 
( uAitLEH \. Debouch, Wtmdbndge. Conn , Inn. W/i l .J 
The English Russet is a valuable, long keeping apple, but. 
its origin, wo think, i* unknown. It is not, certain that it is 
an English apple. Mr. Downing thus describes it “The 
English Russet is a valuable, long keeping variety, exten 
Sively cultivated, and well known by this name on the Hud 
son, hut which wo have not been aide to Identify with any 
TO DESTROY APPLE TREE WORMS 
Ens. Rural New-Yorker: — Noticing an inquiry 
in a late number of your paper for making “break¬ 
fast rolls,” f will give a recipe which I think most 
excellent. Take two tablespoowfols of hop yeast, 
one pint, of sweet milk, one table-spoonful of sugar. 
Sponge over night, and in the morning add a little 
soda. Make into small rolls, then let it stand a little 
time to rise before baking. — M. J. C!., I’eiifeld, ft. 
Y„ 1861. 
lx answer to Louise L., of Macedon, N. Y., I will 
give a recipe for making the best breakfast rolls, 
according to our notion. Take unbolted, or Graham 
flour, and boiling water, with a little salt. Mix quite 
stiff, stirring with a spoon until cool enough to work 
with the hands, then with the hands roll into rolls 
three-fourths or one inch in diameter, and bake iu i 
quick oven. — M. G. M., Girard Mich., 1861. 
Trees made by grafting on stickers instead of plants raised 
from seed, aro apt to cause trouble, as described by our cor 
respondent,. When a tree U stunted by neglect, the sap vos 
sets in tho trunk become contracted and do not afford an 
opportunity for the. flow of the sap. Tho consequence is that 
dormant buds near the root are pushed Into activity, and a 
mass of sprouts is the consequence. Remove the suckers 
and give the trunk a good scraping, prune from the top some 
of the old wood, and in a short time the evil will be rente 
died. Keep the ground mellow, so that as soon as a sprout 
appears you can remove it entirely, and not break it off, a* 
this only increases tho evil. We have a Shekel pear tree that, 
when we took possession of the place, ha-1 scores Of suckers 
all around the trunk. By pursuing this course for a couple 
of years It lias been entirely cured. 
^orticultural $ote$ 
out of reach. I take a pair of shears, made for the | 
purpose, with handles about seven or eight feet long, 
or longer. Make a coarse edge on your shears by 
tiling, and have them made strong, and then in a 
sunshiuy day you can go around the tree and can see 
the nests and clip them off at your pleasure. If cut 
off now and left to remain until spring on the ground 
or till time to hatch, there will be nothing left of 
them. 1 cut them from our cherry trees, and the 
next summer not one were seen. From one Cherry 
tree 1 cut twenty-one nests, and if they had been left 
that summer they would have ruined the tree. Now 
is the time, in January and February, to kill the 
worms. They are very plenty on all the trees I have 
noticed this winter, and next season will damage the 
orchards much, il not got oil. If left on until 
hatched out, it is four times the work to get them off. 
The Winter Rose Rauihii. —The editor or the Kt kai. 
Xkw Yorker, in copying our article on this Radish, remarks 
thut our engraving is not a good one, as hu has grown it; and 
hi this he is no doubt right, for we have seen it very much 
as lie figures it, grown from seeds purchased at the stores, 
au d we think it has degenerated. Some of our frontispieces 
have been open to criticism, but this is uott>-uo of our portrait 
of the Row Radish; we assure our Hr kai, friend that this is 
a very accurate and fair representation or the RnuLb as we 
t-rew it from the origiual «-ed, except tliat iu the coloix-t 
edition the color should bo brighter. The Kt rai. agrees with 
us in regard to its excellence —Horticulturist. 
So well do we agree with our friend of the Horticulturist, 
as to the value of this radish, that it Is the only winter 
variety we would cultivate. Hut wo think we obtained the 
first seed that ever came to this country, having obtained It 
in 1850, from Vilmokin & Co., of Paris, and we have obtained 
our seed from the same source ever since. Our drawing 
represents the radish as we grew it, and we observe that it 
agrees orecisely with the colored representation published by 
[SPECIAL NOTICE.] 
Excellent. —“Compose yourself, my angel,” sail 
c. it, was nobody’s fault; tho cook could not have 
made good bread witli tliat inferior Salerutmc I 
you that after this day we will use B* La.nii’s Ha 
our house; for Mrs. J. tells m<- that she always u». 
never has any such lu--k us this with it—lot tb; 
contrary, she makes with it the mod enchant In 
cakes, biscuit, bread, pie-crust, &e„ and tliat it alw 
like a charm,” The grocers sell it. It is maunfie 
l). B. De Land .t Co., Fairport, Monroe Co., N. A • 
