indifferent about intellectual matters, and at last lose 
faith in the potency of ideas. 
This train of thought was awakened in my mind 
by the question of a young man of intelligence, who 
has labored steadily for some time on the farm. 
“What use can a farmer make of an education?” 
Does not education (it the farmer for the pursuit of 
his vocation? On further conversation, I discovered 
that he referred to that style of education fashionable 
in Borne High Schools and Colleger which certainly 
does lead hoys into habits diametrically opposed to 
the steady, quiet pursuit of the farmer, and the old 
query came up, how Bhail a boy be so educated that 
be shall “be a man for a’ that?’ Too many boys 
intended for the. farm, learn at School or College, 
more about games, theatre going, smoking and 
drinking, than about those things calculated to aid 
him in his business, education should not make 
the educated discontented, it should give them prac¬ 
tical knowledge of their position in life, of the 
powers they possess, and the control they should 
have over their whole being. Nor should it traiu the 
faculties in such a manner as to enable them to per¬ 
ceive a truth, but never put it in practice. In short, 
learning the man to work as an animal, while be 
reads, writes, and talks like an educated, intellectual 
being. We cannot get away from the fact, that the 
education of surrounding circumstances has really 
more influence titra the education of the school room, 
and that the early impressions a boy receives con¬ 
cerning the business of life, will do more to deter¬ 
mine his position than the intedtion or desires of 
parents. 
The youth gets a notion that the professional man 
holds a more honorable position than the farmer,— 
has more leisure, lives better, and has better associ¬ 
ates, and enjoys life better than the farmer; or, he 
becomes convinced that the exercise of his faculties 
will be bettor rewarded as a merchant, or manu¬ 
facturer, where shrewdness seems to him to be more 
in demand than in agriculture; hence he is drifted 
into one or the other channel, as his fancy may 
dictate. I shall not argue that attractions do not 
exist in business or professions which have no founda¬ 
tion, for we all know that contact gives exercise to 
the faculties, polishes the man and furnishes a mental 
stimulus of a kind which cannot be obtained In the 
isolation of the farmer; but if the farmer receives 
such an education as will best lit him for the dis i 
charge of his business duties, he may here be on a 
level with any other business man, so far ns his 
natural capacity will admit. Indeed, he needs to be 
able to compute values,—to determine the relation 
between labor ami capital,—between raw aud manu¬ 
factured material,—to seek a market calculated to 
give him a remuneration for his efforts; and to do 
this he needs not only the knowledge of the mathe¬ 
matician, but to know'the quality, origin, and value 
of the raw materials of earth a^d air from which he 
makes his crops, and Anally his animals, -to know 
how to replace these when removed, and keep hie 
manufactory well supplied with stock, his machines 
in good order, bringing out goods of first class, 
which must be properly dressed, stored, or packed 
for market. In no sphere is shrewdness more re¬ 
quired,—in no business can ingenuity be better 
exercised. 
Nor need the farmer be behindhand in intellectual 
matters of a different character, Books are plentiful 
and cheap, papers easily to be had, libraries abundant, 
lectures plentiful, and social intercourse much favor¬ 
ed by ease of intercommunication by rail, steamboat, 
or private conveyance. In short, thq same valuable 
moans which exist to favor the city or village- busi¬ 
ness man, are at the command of the farmer,—aye, he 
has more than they often have,—plenty of sunshine, 
pure air, and muscular exercise in the open day. 
None can deny that there are drawbacks to enjoyment, 
but much depends on the will of the farmer and his 
family, and this will is fashioned by his education; 
so that to begin at the root of the matter, the educa¬ 
tion of the farmer must he right. The impressions 
of early youth, which are to control the life, must he 
right. 
In any business, if the man is merely a w orker, a 
plodder, a copyist, his life is dull, uninteresting, and 
morose, as cold, selfish, and sordid as is the ignorant, 
slaving farmer. Let. a man be the subject of his 
work, I care not what it is, yon will find him a poor 
specimen of humanity. Education is intended to 
euligbten him,—not only to hand to him the deduc¬ 
tions from the experience of the human race up to 
the time of his coming into existence, but to train 
his faculties so that he may be able to observe things 
as they are in nature,—their relations to each other 
and to himself,—also to show' him that man being an 
intelligent animal, endowed with reason, should con¬ 
trol, as subordinate, his passions, and direct his 1 
animal forces to useful ends. This style of education 
makes the man intelligent,—devclopes all his powers, 
and stamps him us a potent agent of goodness and 
usefulness in the world. Beyond this material edu¬ 
cation lies the field of morality and spirituality, or 
religion. No argument is needed to show that even 
the materialist may be made more successful, and 
lead a higher life, If he be educated in these things. 
Are wo not convinced of what the quality and 
essence of a farmer’s education should he? Ho we 
not plainly see what must he its direction? Can we 
as easily point out the means to he employed? Let 
us ponder, let. us strive. Let us seize every sugges¬ 
tion of value, and rest not until the great problem of 
education for the farmer he solved.—u. c. v. 
> * + ♦ ♦> 
WORKING POE WAGES-TAKING LAND. 
Taking a farm to work on shares seems to be 
considered the next best thing to owning one. 
Hiring out by the day, month or year, is accounted 
comparatively vulgar, and, with native Americans, is 
fast becoming obsolete. Judging from the frequency 
aud urgency of inquiry one hears made for chances 
to work land on shares, it is to he supposed that 
applicants believe they see a decided advantage to 
themselves in applying their labor to laud for a por¬ 
tion of the products, over wbat they would enjoy by 
working as hired laborers. The gain of the former 
method is counted in two ways,—greater personal 
independence and increased pecuniary profit. 
Whatever may be said in favor of taking land, 
there are certain reasons why it is better for men of 
small capital to engage by the month or year at a 
fixed rate of wages. Those who have only their 
labor to invest in farming, or whose means are so 
limited that they cannot afford to run the risk of bad 
seasons or failures of crops from any cause, have a 
a much safer, surer dependence in the equal, steady, 
moderate gains arising from Belling their work at a 
fair price per month or year, than in the more capri¬ 
cious—sometimes larger, sometimes smaller—returns 
resulting from a division of the products of the farm. 
Tu the course of a long period of goueral agricul¬ 
tural prosperity, there comes occasionally a year of 
reverse, and, in these seasons of ill luck, the farmer 
often loses a large share of the value of his year's 
labor, and sometimes a considerable portion of the 
gains of former years. To those who depend for a 
support on a share of what they raise on other men’s 
farms, Bach seasons are especially disastrous, while 
the hired laborer is not sensibly, if at all, a fleeted by 
them. But the pecuniary loss to the farmer from an 
un.usually cold, or wet, or dry, or frosty season, or 
injury by insects, or depressed markets, or whatever 
other hindrance, does not comprise the whole damage 
he sustains; the disheartening, discouraging influ¬ 
ence he Buffers in consequence of failure to realize 
all he expected from his labor is, many times, not 
the least Important item of loss. Those who work 
their own farms are of course more independent, and 
can better bear to be disappointed of the looked-for 
gain; it will not be Burprising if a turn of ill-luck 
should cause such as rent farms, or work them on 
shares, to suffer a considerable abatement of hope 
and energy. 
Again, nothing contributes more to the formation 
of a habit of reckless, extravagant expenditure, than 
an irregular iucome. Those who know what their 
income is, know what they cun afford to spend; and, 
if they have fixed rules of economy, and are deter¬ 
mined to save a certain sum each year, they can reg¬ 
ulate their expenses accordingly, and gradually, by 
moderate but sure and steady gains, accumulate for 
themselves a respectable little capital wherewith to 
engage In business on their own account. The agri¬ 
cultural laborer who works for an employer at a good 
price per month or year, cun, if prudent and ordi¬ 
narily fortunate, save a fourth, perhaps a third of 
his wages; if he have no one but himself to support, 
he can do better than that. And, knowing exactly 
or nearly what he is to receive, there is no difficulty 
in calculating what he can afford to spend. But it is 
not so easy to graduate! one’s expenses to a varying 
income. People who take farms are apt to think 
they can afford to indulge in a more libcrul style of 
living than hired laborers, because they expect to get 
more for their work: and some years the returns of 
farming are such as to wurrant the greater expendi¬ 
ture. But when it happens that the income is less 
than usual, it is not easy to at once contract expenses 
correspondingly; and so perhaps the earnings of the 
next year are anticipated to supply the deficiencies 
of the present. As the income of the hired laborer 
is subject to but slight fluctuations, so he has no 
temptation to increase, or necessity to contract his 
expenses; while he who takes land often falls into 
habits of expense which are perhaps excusable in 
prosperous times, but which make years of scarcity 
ruinous to him. A. 
South Livonia, N. Y., 1861. 
- l ^ I ♦ - - - 
ABOUT CHEESE-MAKING. 
HOB. Rukal Nkw-Yokkkk; —In looking over the 
columns of your paper, I not ice an inquiry, by some 
young gentleman who, perhaps, is just about to enter 
into matrimonial responsibilities, wanting to know 
the process of making cheese. Cheese-making dates 
back to time immemorial, and the process of making 
has of course been exposed to improvements ever 
since it was first discovered, aud comes dow n to us 
as follows: 
1st, A good selection of cows is necessary. 2d, 
One of the best cheese vats must be had. 3d, Ad¬ 
justable cheese hoops. 4th, A good press. Having 
procured these implements, we procode to the pro¬ 
cess of making cheese. 
In the first place, wc strain the night’s milk into 
the milk vh 1, then pour coin water into the water 
vat, sufficient to abstract the animal heat from tu¬ 
rn i 1 k. In the morning we skim the cream off tlie. 
milk, and build a fire in the heater before we com¬ 
mence milking, then we strain in the morning’s 
milk, and heal, to from 85 4 lo l»0 c , after which add 
rennet enough to coagulate the milk sufficiently to 
commence work in from JO to 50 minutes. Now' the 
curd should be broken up fine. For this purpose we 
use a curd knilc, which wc consider preferable to our 
hands. The breaking of the curd should be done 
with care. After the curd settles, an addition should 
be made to the fire, sufficient to raise the tempera¬ 
ture of the whey to from 98° to 104°. It will be 
well, perhaps, to stir the curd while Bcalding. The 
curd being cooked, and the whey being druwn off, 
the cord will he ready for salting. It may be salted 
to your taste. Some say, as a rule, that 2A pounds of 
salt should be mixed with 100 pounds of curd, but I 
think this hardly sufficient. Now the curd is ready 
for the press. It may be put into the hoop aud be 
pressed lightly at first, but gradually increasing for 
twelve hours. It should then be turned, a bandage 
put around it, and again pressed for twelve hours 
more. It. is now ready for curing. It should be 
turned and greased daily for a month, and colored as 
you like. 
1 might say more of interest, perhaps, but consider 
this the best and shortest mode of operation I have 
ever met with, and tried. Stephen Thom as. 
Scto, AUeg. Co., N. Y., 1861. 
CHEAP PROTECTION FOR ANIMALS. 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker: — We saw, recently, so 
cheap and efficient a means of protection for domes¬ 
tic animals, that we cannot refrain giving it to the 
readers of the practical in the Ri rai, New-Yorker. 
Protection is all important, and the how, as here 
sketched, is w ithin the reach of all. 
wk 
1® 
; -u,k 
mm® 
Here we present an engraving of the said shelter,— 
you see it is wind and almost frost-proof, and, after 
all, nothing but a straw-stack well piled over and 
around a cattle shed. The amount of Buffering such 
a structure would save the prairie farmer’s herds, we 
leave for his conjecture, premising that we are well 
satisfied with the operation of ours, of similar archi¬ 
tecture, both for cattle and swine. * tv. h. o. 
Amboy, Lee Co., HI., 1861. 
As intimately connected with the foregoing, we 
give a brief article from a correspondent of the 
Prairie Farmer , on “ Good Shelter for Stock." ft is 
as follows: 
Proportioned to the number of cattle, procure two 
pieces of scantling, (say 6 inches by 8—-2(.) feet long.) 
With a two-inch auger bore a hole, a foot or eighteen 
inches from each end. and one in the middle. Then 
procure six posts, ieither round or square,) 7 feet 6 
inches long. Make round tenons suitable for the 
auger holes, and set the posts in the ground in a line 
east and west — three in front and the other three 
about eight feet in the rear of the first; put on the 
plates, and steady the posts by ramming the earth 
well around them. Lay rails or poles across the 
plates about a foot apart, over the entire frame. 
Now lay on corn stalks so as to form a ridge just mid¬ 
way between the plates. (18 inches* high,) the entire 
length of the shelter, then begin to form the cover 
by laying on more stalks so that the shack end shall 
lay on the ridge first made, till the entire length of 
the shelter has been gone over, putting the stalks 
first on the south side, and then on the north; now 
lay on another ridge lengthwise the shelter, over 
these; first put on the rails, and on this ridge put on 
a second cover of stalks, being careful to have them 
meet well on the ridge, the north side being finished 
up last that snow and rain may pass ever. 
Shelters of this kind are more readily put up than 
any kind I have ever tried, and form a secure protec¬ 
tion from leaking rain or snow as there is little dan¬ 
ger of the top being blown off by violent winds. 
For calves, sheep, or fattening hogs, shelters four or 
five feet would be abundantly high. Cora stalks put 
up in this way keep as nicely for provender as if 
carefully stored away in ricks for late use, and may 
be used for food, when shelters are no longer needed 
for the season. 
THE RATS ON SECESSION. 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker:— In No. 5 of your 
present volume, I find an article taken from the 
American Agriculturist, on blowing up rat-holes with 
powder, to drive away the rats. Now, for one, I 
would like to have the plan /af-ified, or changed for 
something better. There are several ways to drive 
them off, but I am sure I would not be justifiable in 
driving them from my premises to those of my 
neighbors. They will be 6ure to go. There are 
some of my neighbors who drive them from their 
barns by taking a drum and beating on it a few 
evenings in succession: but they are sure to be a 
nuisance to some one. I will give my plan of 
destroying them by wholesale, which may be a 
benefit to some of my brother farmers. I make a 
hole in my granary, or whatever I wish to lead them 
into, of convenient Hize, with a slide that I can shut 
by full, a string leading outside of the barn. I then 
bait them, and let them have free access a few nights. 
When 1 think they arc about all in, I slip up and 
draw the slide, then 1 get Sam to hold a good strong 
bag over the hole, draw the slide, when a little 
thumping from tM inside will soon have them all 
into the bag, where you can dispose of them as you 
see fit. If you do not get them all, try again. If 
any have a better plan, I would like to see the ratifi¬ 
cation in the Rural. 0 . p. f, 
Owogo, Tioga Co., X. Y„ 1S61 
-♦ « ♦ » ♦- 
gual spirit nt ttu *£xm. 
Pressing the Sorghum. 
Mr. H. G. Bulklky, of Kalamazoo, Mich., states 
that by slightly steaming the cane of .Sorghum before 
it is pressed, all the juice can be easily extracted with 
a common set of pressure rollers, which must greatly 
increase the production. As the pressing of this cane 
constituted the chief difficulty with farmers in obtain¬ 
ing syrup from it, this discovery is of great impor¬ 
tance to them. 
How to Make- Water-Tight Ponds. 
The great Illinois stock farmer, Mr. Nr kawn, 
gives in the Prair — * nf toslrina 
‘After excavating the 
basin ho fences XsVs it as a'yard to feed Ms 
cattle and hogs in. The bottom thus becomes well 
puddled by the trampling of their feet, making it 
almost water-tight. Ho has basins thus prepared that 
have not been empty of water but once in 12 years.” 
Hard Crusl Formed in Plowing. 
It is well known that when land has been plowed 
for many years at a uniform depth, a hard crust is 
formed at the bottom of the furrow. The Country 
Cmtlrman says:—“Wc lately had occasion to inspect 
a piece of ground that had been plowed aud was soon 
flooded by a creek, and all the loose or plowed soli 
washed completely away, leaving this under crust 
untouched, and showing every mark and scratch of 
the plow as it passed over. The crust had been made 
so compact by the whole weight of the plow, and 
that of the turning sou superadded, that the flood 
made not the slightest impression upon it, although 
the soil was naturally quite uniform down to a depth 
of two or three feet.” 
Carrying tlie Whip. 
There is more in the movements of the driver of 
an ox-team, and in currying the whip, than most 
farmers think, says the Ohio Farmer. Oxen, how¬ 
ever quick in their movements, or upright their walk 
in the yoke, soon become dull, aud get the practice 
of “shoving” or “haiqing,” in consequence of Hip 
driver lagging along, Or, as is often tlie practice, 
going ahead of his team and from time to time stup¬ 
ing back and whipping them. A driver of an ox- 
team should walk dircttly opposite the yoke, walk 
straight, and carry his Whip as upright as a soldier 
would his gun. Use atvhip-stock with a short lash, 
and touch the cattle o^ly with the lash, and never 
strike them on the nose or over the eyes.” 
I- 
Seed Corn — finely {termination. 
The Bureau Go., ill.,) Republican says that Dr. 
Chamberlin of that omnty has been experimenting 
with seed corn, in the \{ew of hastening gemination, 
and has made several discoveries which are made 
public. The Rejmblict 4 says: 
•■Last year Dr. Cmmberlin of this place made 
some practical experiments, and demonstrated that 
nearly half the time may he saved in germinating the 
seed by tlie use of chpride of lime. Not satisfied 
with the success of lastwear, he is again experiment¬ 
ing. In his offict litmus four boxes; in the first is 
corn planted without waking, and the seed not ger¬ 
minated; and in the acond, the seed was soaked in 
warm water, whichhasjust commenced to germinate; 
in the third is seed soiled in a solution of lime, aud 
green blades are just leeping from the ground; in 
the fourth is seed soakjd in a solution of chloride of 
lime and copperas, iu qual parts, and the blades are 
now nearly three inclof! above the grouud. All the 
seeds were plauted at (the same time, in the same 
quaLity of soil, and taken from the same ear. The 
boxes have all had an ,equal share of heat and light, 
neither allowed any atvantage over the other. 
“ This experiment fkould attract the attention of 
farmers. We conclude from four to six weeks may 
he saved by the use of tbloride of lime and copperas, 
which is a matter of lP ordinary moment, when we 
reflect that a delay in fie germination of the seed of 
two weeks, frequently places the crop within the 
reach of the frost in tke fall. Another fact of some 
importance may also be mentioned. The copperas 
used in soaking will prevent the birds, squirrels, 
worms, Ac., from eating the seed. Dr. Chamberlin 
assures us that one pound of chloride of lime and one 
pound of copperas, in water, will soak enough seed 
for twenty acres. The cost will not be over twenty- 
five cents. Every farmer could afford to make the 
experiment, even if he should fail to derive any 
benefit from it” 
Turning .Stock to Grass Early. 
A recent issue of the American Farmer has an 
article on this subject, from R. W. Downman, of 
Fauquier County, \ irginia, given in response to a 
solicitation on the part of the Editor. We extract as 
follows: 
Talking with graziers, I find the opinion to be gen¬ 
eral in this county, (which annually fattens for market 
upwards of twenty thousand beeves,) that the earlier 
cattle are turned to grass the better. When I com¬ 
menced grazing, four years ago, [ found this to be 
the general practice, and T followed it without making 
any experiment myself, but T am informed by one of 
mv neighbors Mr. Charles J. Stovin — who has 
grazed for thirty years past, on an average, two hun¬ 
dred head of cattle annually — that he has seen the 
experiment tried. Two lots of cattle, equal in all 
respects, and which had been wintered alike, were 
selected in the spring, and one lot turned to grass ten 
dayB earlier than the other. The first lot took a start 
of the other and maintained it through the season, 
being ready for market one month sootier than the 
second lot. 
There can be no doubt, whatever as to the fact that, 
in our count}' at least, the sooner wc can get them 
to grass in the spring the better. The grass at that 
season is tender, and has the quality of purging the 
cattle, loosening their hides, and causing them to 
shed oft. It thus prepares their systems to take on 
fat rapidly as soon as the pasturage becomes stronger 
and more mature. Later in the season it seems to 
lose this quality in a measure. I have known men to 
turn their cattle oil their meadows for eight or ten 
days, early in the spring, so as to give them a start, 
against the regular pasture becomes fit to turn on. 
This is one of the finest grazing sections in the 
country. The land seems to be naturally adapted to 
grass, running into sod very quickly after a fallow. 
One of my neighbors — Mr. .1. J. llunton, of Wood- 
stock — has a field of one hundred acres of green¬ 
sward, upon which he fattens from eighty to ninety 
head of cattle every year; and in a good glass season 
I have seen portions of the field from which a good 
swath of grass might have been cut when the cattle 
were taken off in July. On the rest of his estate he 
fattens about two hundred head. On the adjoining 
estate of Airlcy, Mr. Charles J. Stovin fattens about 
two hundred and seventy-five head. He has a field of 
about one hundred and fifty acres, on which this 
spring he turned one hundred cattle and ninety 
sheep, and kept them there until the first of June, 
when a portion of them were moved off. 
There are sods in this county nearly fifty years old, 
and so firm and strong that, to quote tlie language of 
our representative, the Hon. Win. Smith, “a bullock 
of a thousand weight may walk over them after a 
week’s rain without soiling his hoofs more than a 
lady would soil her delicate satin slipper by crossing 
a Turkey carpet.” This may sound like hyperbole, 
hut unto all that doubt, I say “ come and see.” 
and 
Fmub on Poos.—As you publish something in your spicy 
... - ,r ‘.jii v. , ■»l<t. am! the rest «>f inawkiint ’’ sW will 
you tell me whnt to tin sill fnc ileus on toy dog? lie 
Bcratcti^nt dims good. yet they do noti.eem.ti> mind it much. 
They do not seem to be much iu favor of secession ,—perhaps 
they d» not, know It is fashionable, nnd as they do not choose 
to go of their own uee.ord, I would like to ou*t them.—1 1 K T K 
Dry dr,:, a. j'. lsoi 
English Dairy Chkbse. — Will some of the Rural’s 
numerous readers give me the rules for making what is 
called English Dairy Cheese, and oblige — F. T. Haskltine, 
Maj/mtanie, Dane Co,, IViV . 1861 
in answer to the Inquiry of Mr. IIaseltinb, we cannot 
probably do better than give an article written on the subject 
by “ I’and published in our last volume. The writer 
passed a goodly portion of his time in the dairy region of 
this State last summer, and took much paint, to learn all the 
“ art and mystery ” of cheese making. The method is as 
follows: 
“ This cheese is a single meal, or. in other words, the milk 
is run up or set directly from the cow, both night and morn¬ 
ing, no artificial heat being used in any part of the process. 
The milk is colored to a butter color by nnnntto, rubbed 
down in milk and added before the rennet. The preparation 
of the rennet, and the quantity used, is the same os In other 
good dairies. Tie- milk stands an hour after the rennet ha.-, 
been put in. The curd is then cut up in the usual way, aud 
worked moderately as it begins to settle. The whey is 
gradually withdrawn, aud as soon as it begins to balden, so 
as to hold together, it is put into a cloth and sink, and gc-ntly 
worked and pressed till the whey is well out. It is then 
broken up again, salted at the rate of an ounce of salt to 
three pounds of curd, and put into the hoop or vat, and 
moderate pressure put on. The hoops are 13 or 14 inches by 
5 or 6 inches deep, but the cheese wheu pressed should not 
he over 4 S. inches thick The manipulations are. much as in 
Other dairies, except that when the cheese is turned the first 
and second limes, it is w ell rubbed w ith salt, and stands in the 
press three days. In one dairy, instead of rubbing on the 
salt, after standing in the press for twelve hours, the cheese 
was pat into :t strong brine for twelve hours, taken out. 
wiped dry, and put hack in the hoops or vat, und pressed two 
days longer. No grease is used upon tlie cheese, and they 
are cured in a cool, damp room, if possible. They get a very 
hard rind, are sent to market in bulk, about the 1st of 
November, ami handle as safely as so many pieces of plank. 
They weigh, usually, when taken from the press, about 26 
pounds, and when cured 2() to 21 pounds. The cheese is 
expeoene tr make and handle, as compared with the larger 
and two meal cheese. It is, however, rich, mild, and easily 
cured, aud much sought after in the cities, among the Kng 
lish population, in the same manner as the Litnburgli cheese 
is the favorite kind with the Germans. Neither, however, 
have any superiority over some of our best American cheese 
that is well cured.“ 
Waiits on tiik Eyes ok Houses.— 1 wish to inquire, 
through your valuable paper, of your numerous contributors, 
what will remove a wart from a horse's eye? 1 have a valua¬ 
ble horse that has a wait about half an inch from the corner 
of his eye nearly as largo as a quarter of a dollar, aud it 
seems to be inclined to Bpread. ir some one will tell me 
what will remove it, thev will much oblige a subscriber. — W. 
W., Tioga tU, A’. I 1861 
Those excrescences, arising from the cuticular covering of 
the skin, are Bo me times very annoying to horses, especially 
when occurring about the eye, 
Treatment. —A wart having a broad base, Dr. Dadd says, 
should he treated in the following manner: Take a common 
suture needle, and arm it with a double ligature; each liga¬ 
ture is to be composed of three threads of saddler’s twine, 
well waxed; pass the needle right through the centre of the 
wart, close down to the skin: tie each half separately, with a 
suryems knot, as tight as possible; cut the ends oil pretty 
clese to the knot, aud iu the course of a short time the whole 
will drop oil. A wart having a small circumscribed pedicle 
may be removed in the same way, by tying a single ligature 
round its base. If the exposed surfaces should not heal read¬ 
ily, moisten them occasionally with tincture of aloes and 
myrrh; aud if they show a disposition to ulcerate, sprinkle 
them with powdered charcoal and bloodroot. equal parts. 
To get Rid of Sorrel.— I noticed au inquiry in the Rural 
on this subject. I have found unleached ashes the most 
effectual for the purpose. Sow annually at the rate of two 
bushels per acre, for two or three years in succession, and 
the sorrel will entirely disappear.—J. M., Hamilton, C. IF. 
Uural Notes anb Stems. 
A Word to Rcralists —Now that the political excite¬ 
ment is likely to subside, for want of proper nutriment, we 
not only look for a restoration of confidence, but a return to 
such habits ot thought and action as will insure the increas¬ 
ed prosperity of the T’ooplo and Country. The agitation 
wanes at a favorable time for Ruralists, for the season of their 
greatest activity is approaching,—but whether the trouble 
ceases or not, It is alike the duty and interest of our friends 
to pursue their calling with industry and skill. For whoever 
is President or whatever party administer* the Government, 
that avocation which feeds all and clothe* all, must be 
intelligently Anri energetically pursued, as It is the real foun¬ 
dation of the sustenance and prospenty of both People and 
Nation. Every Producer is a Patriot—and there is at present 
great need of a demon*.!ration of love of kindred and c-ountry 
on the Karen, and in the Shop and Factory. If the bar-room 
am: corner grocery political brawler- («elf clected statesmen) 
—as well as many party editors and speech »>3kere —of all 
-eettooK were obliged to go to work in Garden, Field or Fae 
tory, the political trouble- of the country would be forgotten 
in three months, and an era of unexampled peace and pros¬ 
perity most (Successfully inaugurated. IVc think Rural 
readers will concede thus much. Would that the political 
doctors might prescribe so safe a remedy, and their patients 
(which we cannot expect to reach.) take the medicine! 
— A word, in this connection, about the Agricultural Press, 
which has not been greatly favored during the Presidential 
campaign and the late “ troublous times.” Though we have 
no special cause of complaint—this Journal having rode 
out the stonn unharmed—we would suggest that the present 
is a good time to substitute Rural Newspaper* for 6ome of 
those which have so long been at the top of the wave. The 
Agricultural Press deserves well of the public, and wo hold it 
to be the duty Of the industrial, producing clam's, to give it 
ardent support’and encouragement—a -ubstantinl recognition 
of its general usefulness and earnest advocacy of the cause of 
Improvement in Agriculture and kindred Arts and Sciences 
• - 
Wonderful Wisdom and Benevolence. — One W., of 
Yates Co., lectures us, condemns a correspondent, and pro 
poses to benefit our readers vastly, (for a valuable considera¬ 
tion,) in this wise: 
How many strange and foolish theories are started and 
palmed off upon your numerous readers for “valuable infor¬ 
mation “ which are as worthless as the useless nostrums they 
recommend It, perhaps, to a cer tain extent-, may bo lauda¬ 
ble. out there are. cases where Ignorance is so glaring, nnd 
the consequences or following such directions are no pro- 
eminently dangerous, that I have sometimes thought the 
free adirii-iion to your columns of all sort* of articles, wax 
not really disadvantageous to the farming interest. Of this 
character I cannot but regard the communication of J. H, 
Sanborn, in your issue of the 2d nit., on •• Onhbing Horses.” 
I have ascertained hy experiment and practice that.hiA theory 
is erroneous, and his practice brutal in the extreme, without 
in the leaet benefiting the animal which he tmata. Now, I 
assume that it is a disease — not a habit, and being a dir 
case, it can be cured by the application of tlie proper reme¬ 
dies I can cure it. but am in honor bound not to make a 
public disclosure; but if any man will send me his horse, I 
will return biin cured for fit), or for the same will instruct 
him *o that he can appty it himself, audit is withal so simple 
and common •■ii.-n that it is matter nf surprise that our 
veterinarians hare not seen it before. I will Imparl all the 
information requisite for a complete core for the above sum, 
ac 'orr.pani-i! with ;t pledge of bunor not to impart it. to others 
without the same pledge, by addressing W., box —,-, N. Y., 
enclosing the money. If the disease is not disclosed and the 
remedy not an effectual one, the money shall be returned. 
That is refreshing. On reading the first sentence, thought 
we must at once engage the writer to edit the Rural. The 
next, though lea* clear, made u* feel bad for our readers; 
while the third induced us to pity the ignorance of J. H. S., 
a* much as the fourth caused wonder at the profound wisdom 
Of \V Hut the remark about a secret and sure remedy, and 
being “in honor bound not to mako a public disclosure,” 
with the generous offer to impart knowledge so valuable for 
the paltry trlllr of ten dollars and a pledge tjf honor, dc., — 
together with the surprise expressed that our Veterinarians 
are all ignorant of the core, (leaving the reader to infer that 
unless he invested an X at once, the great secret might be 
lost to the world,) — increased our admiration of W.’s pro¬ 
fundity aud benevolence And on reading the conclusion — 
about sending $16 to an anonymous address, and the assur¬ 
ance that, if the remedy did not prove effectual, the money 
f jJWtt l«! —- urn HiHHUlftN WKXJ tUFApI TJOnlUrc t lillt, 
Seriously — though we have aforetime been favored with 
various communications attempting to advertise free gratis, 
the above is the greatest dodge of all. Of course we would 
not insert such a proposition in our advertising columns, as 
we reject all such matters; and if the writer really supposed 
it would be given, with the address, he m\ist be a greater 
curiosity than the whole of Ram urn’s Museum—a marvel 
of assurance or verdancy, Hut the richest part of the whole 
is that the letter (w hich contained the name of the writer, 
though separate from the article, and marked piivate,) was 
not even post paid ! The F. JL at the place where it was 
mailed, noticing the address, and being a friend of ours, 
kindly put on a stamp, and sent along the precious document! 
Fakmkk's Club of Little Falls. — We arc indebted lo 
Fiiilo Reed, Esq., Treasurer, for a pamphlet containing the 
annual address delivered at the Fair of this Club, on the 12th 
of Octotior last, by Hon. L. Chandler Hall; also, the Annual 
Report of the Secretary nnd Treasurer. The address is an 
able one, and contain.- many' valuable suggestions. The Re¬ 
ports of the officer? arc interesting, and show that the Club 
made considerable progress In advancing its objects during 
the year 1860. Permanent Fair Grounds were obtained and 
improved, and a successful exhibition held. The Club already 
has a library of 125 volumes, and holds frequent meetings for 
lectures, discussions, &e. It lias a balance of about ?80 in 
the treasury. The recent annual election resulted as follows: 
President —8. S 1, ansi no, Manbeim. Vice President —A. Wil¬ 
cox, Little Falls. Secretary —X A. Willard, Little Falls. Cor. 
Secretary —A W, Eaton, Little Falls. Treasurer —I’. Reed, 
Little Vails Directors —R. 1) Brown, IV. M. Door, Asa Wil¬ 
cox. S 0. Whitman, A Reed, W. A. Feeter 
Carrington s Dkaining Plow— 11 A Subscriber,” who in 
quires relative to • an implement for making underdraius 
without the use of tile or other material, by applying sutli 
eient power to force it the required depth, and form an open 
ing for the escape of water —saying he has seen a notice of 
such an one from A- B, Drcb'.xeos, in some paper—isiuformed 
that the article alluded to Is, probably, Carrington's Drain 
Plow.' It was illustrated and described, and also advertised, 
in the Rural of March 31,1860, to which we refer our cor¬ 
respondent aud other# for particulars. The plow is strongly 
recommended by Mr. Dickinson and other practical farmers. 
Wukke are the Famous Stallions f—A correspondent 
writes from Erie Co., this State, wishing to know “where 
some of those horses—Patchen, Messenger, Toronto Chief, 
Bashaw, Jupiter, or Abdallah—will stand this coining spring,” 
He adds that he has several mares, old and young, which it is 
desirable to try with full blood horses, if within reasonable 
distance ami terms. Cannot answer, hut presume the orvuers 
of some of the horse# named will he likely Dr impart the in¬ 
formation at proper time, through our adrertiaiug department. 
Neither can we yet say where a Spanish Jack is to he kept, 
about which the same correspondent inquires. 
- • ♦ -- 
•Japanese Wheat" a Species of Millet.—Wo are in 
debted to John Hiner, P. JL, Columbiana, Ohio, for a few 
grains of what was sent him. from St. Louis, iu response to 
an order for Japanese Wheat. It is simply a variety of Millet 
—a small, round peed, resembling our wheat about as much 
as a turtle * egg does a goose egg. It is evidently an unmiti¬ 
gated humbug—and probably the same article sold at St. Louis 
a year or two ago under the name of Hungarian Grass! 
Fine Wool. —We are in receipt of a very excellent sample 
of Spanish Merino wool, from the flock of Mr. M. S. Abell, 
of Orwell, Vt. An Orleans Co. (X. Y.) correspondent informs 
us that Mr. A. has been engaged in breeding sheep and grow¬ 
ing fine wool for a number of years, and has sent a number 
of bucks to that county the Mock of which has proved to be 
decidedly fine. The sample of wool before us is certainly of 
superior quality. 
■ ■ - 
Reader, if you wish to Do Goon and receive Good Pay 
theiefor, read what is printed under head of “The Publisher 
to the Public,” on page 83,—not omitting the offer of Extra 
Gifts for Club* formed before April. As the period of compe¬ 
tition is limited, early action is important. The times are im¬ 
proving; form new clubs and thus secure valuable prizes. 
