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[SINGHjE NO. FO XJlt CENTS.'! 
FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, MAY 4, 1861 
WHOLE NO. 590. 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
AN ORIGINAL WEEKLY 
AGRICULTURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY JOURNAL, 
capacity, and one of 10 feet, into which a team 
coupled can be easily driven in case of necessity. A 
stairway leads to floor above, and a place for harness. 
The forage for horses is put into tubes above, about 
two by three and a half feet square, one tube furnish¬ 
ing two horses, who draw it from the bottom, and 
cat more, ns nature designed them to do, than is 
usual. The floor is double, and is made tight with 
tar and lime, which makes a cement Unit is imper¬ 
vious to water, as well as a preserver of wood. The 
manure is dropped through a trap door to the shed 
below, and mixed with that of the sheep and cattle. 
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE, 
With an Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors 
Tire Rural Nkw-Yokkku is designed to be unsurpassed in 
Value, Purity, Usefulness and Variety of Contents, and unique 
and beautiful in Appearance its Conductor devotes his per¬ 
sonal attention to the Fupervisioo of its various departments, 
and earnestly labors to render the Rural an eminently 
Reliable Guide on all the important Practical, Scientific and 
other Subjects intimately connected with t,be business of 
those whose interests it zealously advocates, As a Family 
Journal it is eminently Instructive and Entertaining—being 
so conducted that it can he salcly taken to the Hearts and 
Homes of people of intelligence, taste and discrimination, It 
embraces more Agricultural, Horticultural, Scientific, Educa¬ 
tional, biterary and News Matter, interspersed with appropriate 
and beautiful Engravings, than any other journal,—rendering 
it the most complete Agricultural, Literary a.\i> Family 
XEwsfArr.it in America, 
Enter mi according to act of Congress, in the Year 1861, bv 
D. 0. T. MooRB, in the Office of the Clerk oi the District 
Court for the Northern District of New York. 
I3"Onr only object in copyrighting this paper is to secure 
what every honorable journalist will freely grant,—proper 
credit for articles selected from its pages. Any and every 
journal is at liberty, and invited, to copy freely, by crediting 
each original article or illustration to Rural New-Ycrrktr. 
PREMDCjIVI PLAN OF BARN PBIRril'ECTIVK VIEW, 
banded with the greatest care. This is the time for 
sacrifices, and the former can afford to work a little 
longer and a little harder than usual. 
The South, the present, season, we think can pro¬ 
duce but little. In the midst of wars and rumors of 
wars, it cannot he expected that either black or 
white, will labor with their usual diligence. As 
things now exfot, provisions w ill not be allowed to 
find a market in that direction, but we have hopes 
that the people of the South will take a "sober 
second thought,’’ that tho present summer will ter¬ 
minate hostilities Hud restore peace to our covgntry. 
WViethm* "thls tie stj or not, there is abundant reason 
to cause us to believe that everything 
eatable will be scarce and dear, and we 
therefore urge the farmers throughout 
the Northern States and Canadas,— 
all who are patriotic and humanity- 
loving—to renewed and unusual exer¬ 
tions for the increased production of 
the great staple crops. 
Scarcity of money it is known has 
a tendency to cheapen produce, and 
it may be thought by many that the 
vast amoants needed for conducting 
war operations will have thiB effect, fl-- 
But, it must be remembered that the ji__ 
money expended for this purpose is y\ 
not shipped to Europe or any foreign lil 
land. It will lie expended in our cities 
and towns,—among our mechanics 
and urtizuns, and merchants, and a 
great portion will fall into the hands 
of formers, in exchange for the necessaries of life. 
We make these few reflections hoping to awaken our 
readers to increased activity. 
Those of our readers about building Farm Rams 
can derive many valuable suggestions from this 
admirable plan, even though it may not be adapted 
to their wants or circumstances as a whole. In com¬ 
pliance with the request of Mr. Wilson, and others, 
we will hereafter republish the two other Premium 
plans of Rams. 
PLAN OK KIKS'r FLOOR. 
A. Horse Stable. B. Grain Bins. 
C. Barn Floor. D. Bay. 
E. Stock Yard. 
The grain bins are next north of tho stable, and 
form part of the partition between the stable and 
main door. They are four feet in width, and have a 
Ampacity for 1500 bushels of grain. The bottom of 
the bins Hlopcs towards the main floor, and is ten 
inches above it. This admits of the drawing of the 
grain into the half bushel with ease, or of emptying 
a whole bin upon the floor in a few minutes, if it were 
required. The bins have a free circulation of air on 
every side, and no sight for a mouse to get foothold, 
except on the covers, in plain sight of any who 
happen to he on the main floor. 
WAR AND AGRICULTURE 
Painful as is the acknowledgment to us and to all 
peace-loving citizens of this hitherto properous and 
happy land, and unwilling as we have been to believe 
the fact, it must now he admitted that we are on 
the eve of a terrible civil war, The like of which I he 
world Uv» r ever kuopn. Of its general ellbets or Us 
duration we will not express an opinion. But, on 
the one aide we sec the enemies of their common 
country full of bitterness and rage; and as the 
leaders have rendered themselves liable to the 
severest penalties known to our laws, they will doubt¬ 
less fight for their lives as long as they can find 
dupes to follow their lead. On the- other, we find the 
great masses of the North forgetting former party 
prejudices and distinctions, and arising in one united 
body, with men and means, for the defence of the 
Country, its Constitution, and Caws. It now seems 
to be the general opinion that the forbearance of 
the Government has only encouraged treason, and 
that prompt and just retribution is the only meaus 
left to the friends of law and order. The measures 
adopted to maintain the perpetuity of the Union wo 
do not now purpose to discuss, our only object being 
to consider the existing state of affairs and its effect 
upon the Agriculture of the country. 
At the present time there are no doubt more than a 
hundred thousand active Northern men who have for¬ 
saken the ordinary pursuits of Agriculture, Com¬ 
merce, and the Mechanic Arts for camp; and in a few 
weeks twice or thrice that number may be in the 
tented field. In addition to those who give their 
whole service to their country, mauy more will 
bestow, at this critical time, a large portion of their 
thoughts and time in this direction. This vast 
army will have new wants that must be supplied by 
the industry ol' tho country. Cannon and shot and 
gun-carriages, powder and ball and arms, clothes 
and shoes and camp-equipments, must be had 
II. SWEET & SONS' PREMIUM BARN—DESCRIPTION 
Our farm contaius 165 acres, including woodland 
and is situated in Co, a littli 
liorth.ofthe divyling -viAy- ■ 
Jr the Susquehanna Dfum t j.]< a* ^Lawrence, aboni 
I'Ul. 1.—PLAN SHOWING END JOINTS OF FLOORING. 
The main floor is of spruce, U inches thick, laid 
upon inch hemlock. It is tongued and grooved, and 
the end joints sawed with a double bevel, to prevent 
any springing of the end, as seen in fig, ]. The 
floor is 40x41 feet surface, and has nothing to break 
bulk in any direction. That portion between the 
doors is calculated to have grain mowed upon it, and 
is furnished with an extra movable floor, that is 
inserted after the grain is threshed, to hold the straw 
above, thus giving great room below, which is often 
required in threshing clover seed. On the north-east 
corner of the floor is a stair-way to the cow-stable 
below. This room is lighted by three windows on 
the east and one on the west, with two large single 
rolling doors on the east, and two large double 
rolling doors on the west. 
SECOND FLOOR. 
The second floor, accessible by stairs from the 
horse-stable, is tight over the stable and grain bins, 
but is movable over all other parts. It has a cubic 
capacity of about 40,000 feet, and is calculated for 
hay, grain, clover seed and straw. When that por¬ 
tion of the main floor before spoken of, is used as a 
mow, the capacity of the barn is increased about 
4,000 cubic feet. This entire space is only broken by 
six braces, eight inches square — so near perpendic¬ 
ular as not to Interfere with the settlement of grain 
or hay— and six iron rods 1] inches in diameter and 
perpendicular. The cupola through which access is 
had to the roof is reached from below, and is the 
central ventilator to the building. 
FRAME. 
fho carpentry is of the style used in modern bridge 
building, and is upon the truss principle, which 
throws almost the entire weight of the structure and 
its contents upon the outer walls, its stability 
depends upon the strength of the suspension rods, 
and the longitudinal strength of the timber. The 
braces in every case are as long as they could be 
used, and placed in gains at tho ends, and arc not 
morticed, but heavily nailed. 
When any ol the timber needed Rplicing to increase 
itB length; if it was soft wood it was put together on 
the double bevel principle, B; if hard wood, it was 
done on the ship-lap "gain and key plan/' A, as 
shown in accompanying illustration. 
PREMIUM PLAN OF BARN 
FOB GRAIN, HAY, HORSES. CATTLE, AND SHEEP. 
Eds. Rural Xbw-Yokkkk ;—I have a request to make. 
Premising that I am a new subscriber, ami noticing in a late 
Rural a statement to the ellect that you hail formerly, or 
some time previous to this year, published the plan ami 
description of a Barn, or Barns, for which I understood you 
had offered premiums, now if it would not bo asking too 
much, I would be very much obliged to you if you would 
republish the same, at as early a day as you conveniently 
can, and I have no doubt but you would gratify a large 
number of your new subscribers, as well as your humble 
Hervant. — Jambs Wilson, Galt, C. W. 
BASEMENT. 
A. Open Shed. E. Passage. 
B. Tool Room. F, Bay. 
C, Stock Yard. G. Area. 
D, Stabling. H. Approach Embankment. 
The north end of basement is occupied by a Hay 
for hay, that extends to the top, 17 feet in width, 
and has a cubic capacity of about 23,000 feet. South 
of this, and entirely across the building, is the 
cattle-stable, sixteen feet in width, including the 
passage and stairway to the floor above. Next is the 
open shed, 32x10 feet, with nothing to obstruct com- 
municatiou with the yard, except two cast iron col¬ 
umn?, that support the sills above; easily ventilated 
at any time through the windows on the west, and 
capable of receiving, with plenty of spare room, a 
ten-horse-power to do the threshing above on a rainy 
day, should circumstances reqnire it. Next, south, 
is a tool-room for heavy tools, or such as are not 
often used; wagons in winter and sleighs in summer, 
plows, harrows, drills, roller, reaper, &c., with stair¬ 
way to stable above. 
FIRST FLOOR. 
The horse-stable, which occupies the south end, is 
18 feet in width, and divided into six stalls of equal 
LONGITUDINAL SECTION, 
years ago, and also similar requests to the above 
relative to their republication. Inasmuch as we 
are unable to furnish the papers desired, and as the 
plans will be new to a large proportion of our read¬ 
ers, we have concluded to republish them for the 
benefit of all interested — commencing with the First 
Premium Barn. We think this Plan one of the best, 
if not the very best ever presented to the American 
public. As we remarked on its first publication, it 
is truly a Premium Bam, aud no one can study its 
internal arrangement, or mode of construction, with¬ 
out profit A similar plan, with drawings and 
description so complete, would of course involve no 
little expense, if procured of an Architect. 
The reasons for the selection were, that the earth 
excavated might be used in the approach upon the 
west, and thus make the water run from the barn 
in every direction, and save making a deep exca¬ 
vation. 
The next item in consideration was its size. This 
we determined by counting the cubic [contents of the 
old ones, aud adopted 40x80, and 19 Feet above base¬ 
ment, witii a truss frame and fiat roof.l 
IV e next considered its internal | arrangements. 
We needed a drain, flay, Home, Cai'tle and Sheep 
FlO. 2.— HARD AND SOFT WOOD SI’I.ICE. 
The Timber is unusually small for such a building, 
but its strength is amply sufficient. The girts to 
which the siding is nailed, being only three feet 
from center to center, render it, with its thorough 
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