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FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, MAY 18, 1861 
! WHOLE NO. 592, 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
AN ORIGINAL WK1TKLY 
AGRICULTURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY JOURNAL, 
for tlie Grst thirty Hays, and about twenty per cent, 
for a year. 
To make, good cheese requires good, rich milk, 
good rennet, good implements, and plenty of care, 
judiciously bestowed. Without all these, a person 
had better not engage in the business.—p. 
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE, 
With an Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors. 
Tot Rural New-Yorkbr is designed to bo nnsurpRAsed in 
Value. Purity, Usefulness and Variety of Contents, and unique 
and beautiful |n Appearance Its Conductor devotes his per- 
sonal attention to the supervision of its various departments, 
and earnestly labors to render the Rural an eminently 
Reliable Guide on all the Important Practical, Scientific and 
other Subjects intimately connected with the business or 
those whose interests it zealously advocates. As a Family 
Journal it » eminently Instructive and Entertaining— being 
so conducted that it can be safely taken to the Hearts and 
Homes of people of intelligence, taste and discrimination. It 
embraces more Agricultural, Horticultural, Scientific, Educa¬ 
tional. Literary and News Matter, interspersed with appropriate 
and beautiful Engravings, than any other journal,—rendering 
it the most complete Agricultural, Literary and Family 
NKWBI'ai'kr in America. 
from the pen. (JT J,ohn Douglas, professional breeder, 
from which we "make the following brief extract. 
Mr. D. says: 
“There are several kinds that infest the hen. By 
attending to the following remedy, they will be en¬ 
tirely kept clear. First of all, if in confinement in 
tho dust corner of the poultry bouse, mix about half 
a pound of black sulphur among the sand and lime 
that they dust in. This will both keep them free 
from parasites, and give tho feathers a glossy appear¬ 
ance. If infested with the insects, damp tho skin 
under the feathers with it little water, then sprinkle a 
little black sulphur on the skin. Let a bird be 
covered with the insects, and they will disappear in 
the course of twelve hours, Also, previous to setting 
a hen, if the nest be slightly sprinkled with the 
sulphur, there is no fear of the hen being annoyed 
during incubation, neither wilt the chickens be 
annoyed by them. Many a line hatched brood pines 
away and dies through nothing else, and no one 
knows the cause. Having Rad an ostrich under iny 
care that was pining, I looked into his feathers and 
observed thousands of the parasites. I employed 
tobacoo-water, also lime-water, under my then mas¬ 
ter's orders, to no effect. In his absence, L well 
damped him, and sprinkled him under the feathers 
with black sulphur, when ■, . day they were exam¬ 
ined with a microscope, jmm-' cry one was dead. 
Having bad ». ... ■ parrot". tout were 
addicted to biting off their leathers, I employed the 
black sulphur by well syringing them with water, 
then sprinkling the sulphur over their skins. If tame, 
sponge tho skins, then rul) gently, with the points of 
the Ungers, with the sulphur, every other day, for 
about a fortnight, when the parrot or macaw will 
cease to destroy his plumage. It is not a remedy 
which has not been proved, for I have used it these 
two years with success.” 
ENTnttco according to act of Confriew, in the rear ISIS), bv 
I) II. T Moors, in the Office r,f the Clerk of the District 
Court for the Northern District of New York, 
I’JT - Our only object in copyrighting' this paper is to secure 
what every honorable journalist will freely giant,— proper 
credit for articles “elected from lla pages. Any and every 
jonninl Is at liberty, and invited, to copy freely, by e'-eilitiug 
each original article or illustration to Rural Neu>- Yorker, 
CHEESE. 
Thk consumption of cheese is large in all the tem¬ 
perate regions. Especially is it so in the United 
States, but, perhaps, larger in proportion to popu¬ 
lation in England than in any other nation. At all 
times it forms an important item in the diet of the 
operatives in tho mu;, ..factoring district.', but when 
beef uud bread arc dear, cheese enters more exten¬ 
sively into consumption than when cheap. 
When we come to consider that the nutriment con¬ 
tained in a pound of cheese is nearly, or quite, equal 
to thut in a pound of beet, wo can well see why the 
operative, who is compelled to liveas cheaply as pos¬ 
sible, finds bis cheapest dinner in a pot of beer, a 
slice of cheese, and a penny roll, or loaf of bread. 
I rof. Johnston gives a table of the nutritive matter 
contained in Cheddar and Bkim milk cheese dried, 
and beef and eggs, also dried. 
nutritive matter. 
-----.0.95 per cent. 
Hcef.... . 0 . 9(5 “ 
Skim milk cheese,.0 91 f* 
Cheddar cheese,__-J.,0.9a “ 
By which it appears that if a man cannot get a beef¬ 
steak, he need not starve on a good Welsh rarebit, 
and that a skim milk cheese i3 not to be despised by 
a hungry man. 
To make a cheese is not a very intricate piece of 
business, but to make a good cheese is quite another 
thing. The first requisite for a satisfactory result is a 
good cheese-room, to which tho manufacturing oper¬ 
atives should be attached. It should be well ventil¬ 
ated and so arranged as to command a uniform 
temperature of‘about 7.5 degrees. It should have a 
northern exposure, with long, narrow windows. The 
shelves should bo in the center and not around the 
walls, as is usually the case. Such an arrangement 
facilitates the curing and handling. The implements 
are, a good thermometer, a patent cheese vat, with 
the heater attached, curd-cutter, presses, and hoops. 
The Cheese Vat is indispensable to every dairyman, 
and. it is so cheap and desirable that no man who 
HORSEBACK RIDING FOR LADIES. 
sheep, or fattening sheep, with them is best, and then 
not too numerously. There ought, in every pasture 
allotted to sheep, to bo a few cattle depasturing in 
addition; they cat of certain coarse and stronger 
grasses, which tends to Improve the pasture for sheep. 
In the coarse of a few weeks it behooves the breeder 
to look well to them, as it is most probable they will 
require a Change; they are delicately feeding animals, 
and if they take a dislike to certain spots in the field, 
from one cause or another, they will not feed there, 
and the consequence often is, that other portions are 
led oil too closely, and a loss in condition lakes 
place. In such case, and in similar ones, exchange 
of field with, other sheep will generally prevent this, 
and cause tho Held to lie more evenly grazed. Many 
ol these minor matters, if properly attended to, avail 
much in promoting the prosperity of the breeding 
(lock. A change from a good pasture to an inferior 
iiue is frequently attended with advantage, contra¬ 
dictory though it be. 
“ In the best managed flock it will frequently happen 
that lice, ticks, or scab may, unfortunately, intrude; 
and very annoying and trying it is, particularly the 
latter infection, frt such cases, the breeder cannot 
be too cautious at this season. It is dangerous to use 
tho common remedies. Arsenical mixtures, however 
diluted, are almost sure to have a fatal effect ltpou 
some of the suckling lambs, because if you apply the 
‘fagwater’ never so carefully, the udder will be par¬ 
tially wetted; and then, should the lamb imbibe any 
quantity, it must receive injury and probably die. 
Should it, however, bo found absolutely necessary to 
dress the ewes, the lambs should, at all events, be 
kept from them for a few hours. To resort to mer¬ 
curial ointments in cases of that dire peat, scab, is a 
most hazardous experiment. Tho best way in such 
cases is, ‘blotch them’ till after clip day, or till 
weaning-time. By ‘blotching’ I mean to dress any 
affected part showing itself, with ointment, so as to 
keep the infection under till weaning time, when 
both ewes and lambs will require dressing. Happy 
is the breeder who misses the latter pest.” 
paper, of course,) to such of our lady readers as may 
choose to accept. 
William Henry Herbert has given it as his 
opinion, (and we do not know any one better quali¬ 
fied, or in whose views we would place more con¬ 
fidence in such matters,) that, every lady should learn 
to ride. Her education should not lie put off until 
mature age, cither, when her frame has become ex¬ 
hausted by a sedentary life, and consequent ill-health; 
nor even when her school-days are over; but in 
childhood, when the will is strong, and her body 
obedient thereto. When the labor of the household 
is not dependent upon the female, and no opportu¬ 
nity is afforded her for out-door exercise, horseback 
riding is the best substitute. With the country girl 
the habit is indispensable. Not for health, perhaps, 
buther happiness, “No woman,” says Mr. Herbert, 
ever rides bo well as one who from childhood has 
loved her pet colt. She has chased him, perhaps, for 
hours around ‘ a ten-acre-lot;’ and when, his frisky 
mood over, she lias been able to take bill) eoaxingly 
by the mane and lead him to a mounting place, great 
was the triumph of her wild ride. A nd no training or 
care can give the freedom and skill of this youthful 
practice. When, at length, she is able to bridle and 
saddle him, her seat may be somewhat faulty, and her 
use of the reins awkward, but these faults arc easily 
remedied, and are certainly atoned for by her free¬ 
dom and fearlessness. Besides, no one can fully en¬ 
joy riding, who does not both love and admire the 
noble animal which she ride.fl; and the quick intelli¬ 
gence of the horse yields ready obedience to the 
hand and voice of a woman who has learned lovingly 
to control him. His affectionate nature yields to her 
the mastery often more readily than to a stronger 
power. 
The Sidesaddle. —Many things are essential to 
insure ease, elegance, enjoyment, and safety in riding, 
and the great requisite is a properly constructed 
sidesaddle. The English editor of Rakky’s Art of 
Taming Horses gives a description which is sensible, 
and to the point, and this we extract, as follows: 
“Ladies’ saddles ought invariably to be made with 
what is called the leaping-horn, or crutch, at the left 
side. Tho right-hand pommel lias not yet gone out 
of fashion, but it Is of no use, and is injurious to the 
security oi' the lady’s seat, by preventing the right 
hand from being put down us low us it ought to be 
with a restive horse, and by encouraging the bad 
habit of leaning the right hand on it. A fiat projec¬ 
tion is sufficient. There is no danger in this side- 
pommel, since you cannot be thrown on it, and it 
renders it next to Impossible that the rider should be 
thrown upon the other pommel, in case of ahorse 
leaping suddenly into the air urtd coming down on 
all four feet, without the leaping-horn there is noth¬ 
ing to prevent a lady from being thrown np. But 
the.leuping-horn holds down tho left knee, and makes 
it a fulcrum to keep the right knee down in its proper 
place. If the horse in violent aetion throws himself 
suddenly to the left, the tipper part of the rider’s 
body will tend downwards, to the right, and the 
lower limbs to the left; nothing can prevent this hut 
the support of tho leaping-horn. The fear of over¬ 
balancing to the right causes many ladies to get into 
Sheep IIuMbiuidry— The Flock an Spring. 
We give an extract from the Mark-lane Express 
upon the general management of sheep in spring, but 
more particularly devoted to the care of breeding 
ewes and lambs. It is well worthy the attention of 
American sheep breeders: 
“The lambing season being now for the most part 
over, the first thing I shall off r a remark or two upon 
is the subsequent management of tho breeding flock. 
Now, this is a more important question than breeders 
in general are disposed to admit. The breeding 
(lock iB always the first to lie made to ‘ make any 
shift,’ if a difficulty arises in the amount and quality 
of the keeping. ‘Oh, the old owes must take their 
chance;’ yes, a chance that vtry frequently produces 
deplorable results in the following winter. Depend 
upon it, if the lamb is not thtroughly reared in the 
summer, it o 
an not thrive though a precarious and 
severe winter; and if it fortUmtely should succeed In 
getting through its cold and itorms, its constitution 
is frequently so impaired that t is unfit for profitable 
grazing or subsequent breeding. 
“The ewes will still requro for a considerable 
time their ration of ealtc, oats or cut chaff, together 
with a moderate allowance ofjnungels, daily. This 
allowance to be gradually decreased as the pastures 
progress, but not to be wholly withheld, till the grass 
is plentiful and nutritive. It is highly desirable to 
continue tho allowance of cit chaff or oats, or, if 
more convenient, by all means cake; for, bear in 
mind that a great thing to >e aimed at, in sheep 
management, is the earliest possible maturity, and 
this can only be attained by gold and liberal keeping. 
Never let them deteriorate in tondition, and nothing 
conduces more to promote theliCalthy growth of the 
lamb than good oats or cake The former iB to be 
preferred, as aidiug most in tie proper formation of 
bone and healthiness of program in tlie lamb, as also 
in the young sheep of the flock 
“If the pastures are very forward and fruitful, care 
should be taken not to turn tioroon any blit strong 
lambs; neither should the weaker ewes be permitted 
to go there, as the cold grass mil cold rain incident 
to the early season may cause scouring. Tlie change 
must be gradual for every weak animal, or much 
danger arises. Better to keep them on the barer 
pastures, or in the lambing lied, enjoying their cus¬ 
tomary allowance, than to run any hazard in putting 
them on strong and, most proKibly at this time, pur¬ 
gative grasses. As the seasip advances, and the 
weather becomes warmer, tiny may be put on with 
safety. All that is required attbis period is to ‘ clag 
them,’ i. e., to clip off a small quantity of wool from 
the inside of the upper part of tho thighs immediate¬ 
ly and about the tail, so as to prevent accumulation 
of dirt in that region, which iO ‘ Ity time ’ is a great 
enticement to their nasty and nejudicial attacks. It 
is not in accordance with gool management to ‘lay 
them’ on the pastures too tqickly. Ewes, while 
suckling, always do best whee they have plenty of 
room to rove about, and plenty of choice in their 
food to gather where they like. A mixture of store 
FEMA.LE EQUESTRIANISM. 
In some countries, especially in Great Britain, 
horseback riding forms a portion (not an unimportant 
one,) of the education of all boys and girls, when the 
liuances of the family permit. In youth they learn 
to ait in tlie saddle gracefully, to manage a horse 
skillfully, and the boast of leaping fences, ditches, 
and water-courses unharmed, even when coming 
from the lips of those called the “weaker sex,” is 
certainly harmless. This system Inis the countenance 
and approval of those high in authority, for it tends 
to the development of the physical organization. In 
our own country efforts have been made to render 
this mode of conveyance fashionable, and riding- 
schools have been started in the larger cities, for the 
purpose of instruction, but wc believe nearly all have 
signally failed. While this lias been the fate of the 
schools, we note with marked pleasure that the habit 
Is growing among us, and believing the exercise to 
be healthful to both body and mind, purpose casting 
our vote in its favor, by giving a few lessons (on 
