considered, to plant cuttings. If it is delayed until 
late, the warm weather starts the leaves before suffi¬ 
cient roots are formed to Btipply the demand they 
make for sustenance, and the cutting dries aud per¬ 
ishes. Those who grow only a few cuttings could 
shade them, or spread sawdust about them, to pre¬ 
serve an even temperature. 
Cuttings mado iu the fall may be buried out of 
doors in a pit where the water will not stand. A 
mound of earth should be made over the pit to throw 
off the water. Particular attention should be given 
to cuttings after planting, to keep tho weeds de¬ 
stroyed and the ground iu a mellow condition. 
of silica in the juices r.r the plants; anti this appears the 
more certain from the fact that at whatever stage of their 
development the flowers nre gathered, they are still •ever¬ 
lasting,’ and resist all change after the little sup that remains 
in the stem attached is exhausted. Although these plants 
are many of them natives of warm climates, yet they are 
easily cultivated in this country, and most of them wilt 
thrive in the open air and flower profusely. 
" A quiet trade in these imperishable flowers already exists. 
On the continent, as well as in this country, wreaths are 
made of the small yellow variety ( Gnaphclium armarium,) 
and are sold iu large quantities for adorning the graves and 
monuments of the departed. Tho railings which surround 
tho column of Napoleon, iu the Place Vendoine. at Paris, are 
literally covered with these wreaths, producing a singular 
effect. In Germany, bushels and bouquets of everlastiug 
flowers aud wreaths are sold in the haaiars for decorative 
purposes; and within the lust few weeks, a quantity of these 
elegant, posies, Ac., have been imported iu this country, aud 
readily realized from Is. to 7s. fid. each, according to size and 
quality, whilst they certainly surpass, both in form and 
color, anything ever produced of an artificial kind. Mixed 
with the everlasting flowers in those German nosegays, appear 
several of tho beautiful grasses recently In highVnvor with 
horticulturists, as well as a sprinkling of flowers not nat urally 
everlasting, but which our ingenious friends profess to have 
preserved by a peculiar process. 
“ Wreaths of a yellow variety of everlasting flowers, about 
the size of a farthing, and strung together transversely, are 
worn by the natives of Sandwich islands, as u kind of head 
ornament. 
“ It only remains for us to suggest the extensive cultiva¬ 
tion of all tho varieties of everlasting flowers in this country, 
for the formation of winter decorations, and the artistic group¬ 
ing of them with grasses, Ac., would furnish another branch 
or employment to our largo surplus of female population, 
who ought to he encouraged and educated iu the manufacture 
of many little elegancies, for which wo are now entirely 
dependent upon the foreigner,'* 
I .notice that the Horticultural editor of the Rural New- 
Yorker says:—“The Delaware will grow from cuttings, and 
the reason it has not been so grown is, the wood has been 
scarce and dear, and an eye would marie as good a vine as a 
cutting with several eyes.” He is quite mistaken, if he 
intends to say that the cuttings will grow in the open ground, 
like those of other varieties. 
Last season I made a faithful trial of attempting to propa¬ 
gate cuttings of the nelaware grape vine, and utterly failed. 
I covered them two inches deep with rich mold, and never 
suffered them to get dry. A portion of them sprouted, and 
showed a leaf or two on each, just above the surface of the 
ground, hut no roots were sent forth below, and they soon 
died. 
These cuttings were merely single eyes, with about one 
inch of wood on each side. I hnve propagated other varie¬ 
ties of the grape, by laving single eyes horizontally, without 
the least difficulty, and with much less care than was be¬ 
stowed in the above case 
I also find it a much more difficult matter to obtain 
good rooted vines from Delaware layers than from other 
kinds. The trouble is, the roots are oot grown with the 
same facility and abundance that characterizes other varieties. 
In receiving a quantity of the Delaware grape vines from 
a grower of them, about a year ago, ho remarked, "I sup¬ 
pose yon know that the cuttings will not grow, unless they be 
placed in a hot bed, or forced in a hot-house.” 
The above is from the Country Gentleman , and by 
a correspondent, who is at present figuring in most of 
the Agricultural papers, attempting, we suppose, to 
enlighten the ignorant, but who himself sadly stands 
in need of a little knowledge. We repeat, what, we 
before said, that the Delaware will grow from cut¬ 
tings. This we know, as we had a. good many grown 
in that manner, and out of doors, last spring. We 
readjly admit that the Delaware will not root as 
freely as the Isabella and many other varieties, but 
we do say that the short cuttings of tho Isabella 
planted as described above, would fait in nine cases 
out of ten. Under thetmost favorable circumstances 
of soil and climate, a short cutting will root, but 
then it should never be planted two inches below the 
soil. The proper cutting for ont-doors is a long one, 
with about, fonr buds, set sloping, with one eye just, 
above the surface. The following is what Mr. Barry 
says on this subject in bis Fruit Book:—" As a gene¬ 
ral thing, cuttings should be inserted so deep that 
only two buds will be above the surface of the 
ground, and in the vine only one. If cuttings are 
long, they need not be set perpendicular, but sloping, 
so as to be within reach of beat and air. A cutting 
of a single eye of the vine with a piece of wood 
attached, muBt be entirely covered, say half an inch 
deep. But such cuttings are seldom planted, except 
in pots, in houses, or in hot-beds.” 
Wo have before furnished our readers all needed 
Information on this subject, and in answering inqui¬ 
ries of a few lines we cannot usually give full details, 
The above, with ‘some inquiries received within a 
week or two, however, shows there is still a lack of 
information, aud we republish from the Run al of 
last year. 
Since there has been a good deal of excitement on 
the grape question, and vines of some new varieties 
have been scarce and dear, onr nurserymen have 
propagated grapes in houses very rapidly. This 
process we will not at present describe. The soil 
for all cuttings should be well prepared, mellow, 
finely pulverized and moderately rich. Propagation 
by cuttings consists In causing a shoot to grow by 
detaching It from the parent tree and planting it in 
the ground, at the proper season and under favorable 
circumstances for tho development of roots. All 
fruit trees may be grown from cuttings, but only a 
very few grow with sufficient ease to make it desira¬ 
ble or profitable to propagate, them in this way. The 
gooseberry, currant, vine and quince, of our common 
fruits, are generally grown in this way. 
WINTER OF 1860-61 ON EVERGREENS 
CAKES AND COOKIES 
It is fortunate that we have some in this country 
•who are able and willing to bear the expense and 
labor of testing the new varieties of evergreens, to 
ascertain their hardiness and adaptation to our cli¬ 
mate. The reports of H. W. Sargent, of Woden- 
ethe, Fishkill Landing, X. Y-, are exceedingly 
valuable, and every spring the Horticultural public 
are placed under increased obligation for bis valuable 
observations. The results of his labor and devotion 
possess a practical value that we cannot too highly 
estimate. Last autumn we had the pleasure of spend¬ 
ing a few very pleasant hoars at the beautiful Woden- 
ethe, on the Hudson, and we advise all our readers 
passing that way to spend a day at Newburgh and 
Fishkill. 
It will be seen from Mr. Sargent’s report, which 
was written for the Horticulturist, that the winter 
has been quite disastrous both in this country and 
England, and this is true not only of the new ever¬ 
greens, but of many things that have befere proved 
entirely hardy. 
“Disastrous as our winters usually have been the 
past few years, yet we are not wholly alone in our 
misfortunes the past season. In England, on the 24th 
and 25th of December, the mercury fell in two 
places—at Chatteris in Cambridgeshire, and at 
Cheadle in Staffordshire — to fifteen degrees below 
zero; and even in London, aHd generally throughout 
the kingdom, to several degrees below. The result 
there upon vegetation has been more fatal than at any 
other period within the present century. The young 
shoots and spurs on peaches, apricots, nectarines, 
cherries, and even some pears, are quite destroyed, 
and even the old wood is injured. 
Evergreen Oaks. Hollies, (fifty years old,) Thilly- 
reas, tourustinus, are killed to the ground. The 
destruction has been so complete, that in highly 
ornamental grounds the exhalation from the frozen 
plants has been positively offensive. 
Various ornamental flowering shrubs, usually 
requiring the protection of a wall, have been unable 
to withstand the severity of the cold, Most of the 
Magnolias, even old and well-established plauts, have 
been killed in an eastern exposure, and in a western 
so much injured as to render their recovery hopeless. 
The newer conifers, as well as older varieties, have all 
suffered to a greater or less extent. In fact, our own 
winter, bad as it has been, has proved the safer of the 
two, and for' a much greater variety of plants. 
Although with us the mercury baa fallen as low as 
nineteen degrees below zero in this place, and in 
many parts of the country to twenty-three and even 
thirty degrees, yet I believe the only effect Las been 
to destroy the fruit buds. I do not observe here, nor 
have I heard elsewhere, of any loss of young wood. 
Could we have escaped the two excessive cold 
days in January, when tho glass ranged from nine¬ 
teen to twenty-one degrees below iu this neighbor¬ 
hood, onr winter would have been less destructive 
than usual; and though the mercury fell fonr or five 
degrees lower here than in England, yet the damage 
there was infinitely greater, adding another proof 
that the cold is not of so ranch importance as the 
condition of the plant at the time. Onr wood, from 
our warm, dry autumns, is always much better 
ripened than the English, and consequently goes 
into the winter campaign much better prepared to 
resist cold. 
This was particularly the case the past year, when, 
from the unprecedented quantity of rain and little 
sun in England, the summer’s growth was very imper¬ 
fectly ripened, and in the worst possible condition to 
endure even the ordinary frost. Thus Lilacs and 
Weigelas, which are always regarded pefectly hardy 
here, were in England very badly injured. Many 
plants growing with great vigor have been utterly 
destroyed, while the same variety of plants, when 
removed in early autumn, if ever so mncli exposed, 
have suffered comparatively little, tho supply from 
the roots having been diminished; the system was 
relieved of excessive moisture by evaporation, and in 
consequently a much better state to resist cold. 
Among the conifers, variet-es which are unques¬ 
tionably hardy, (never in this place at least having 
suffered,) have completely perished in England, such 
as PinuB Benthamiana and Pyrenaica. Even Thniop- 
sis borealis is badly injured, though with us it stands 
like our common Arbor Vito. Most of the younger 
Araucarias, Deodars, and even Cedars of Lebanon, 
are either killed or injured, while specimens of 
twenty years’ growth have comparatively escaped, 
the wood being better ripened. 
In my own neighborhood, as I have before men¬ 
tioned, the effects of the winter have been much less 
severe than usual; nearly, in fact, all the evergreens 
which I have in former years reported aB hardy, con¬ 
tinue to deserve this reputation. In addition to the 
previous list, I would add, as perfectly uninjured by 
nineteen degrees below zero, 
Picea amabilis, nobilis, grandis, and Parsonii or 
Lasciocarpa. In addition to the previously men¬ 
tioned Abies, are Taxil'olia, Jezoensis, Whitmaniana, 
and Pattonii. 
Cryjitomerla Japonica, both the common variety 
and Lobbii, seem to have become acclimatized, and 
are hardly touched. 
So, also, Ctutnmghama sinensis, which is perfectly 
green, and beginning to grow. 
Deodars, on the contrary, appear hopeless, except 
as boshes. 
Cephalotaxus, both male and female, as well as 
Thuiopsis borealis and Cupressus Lawsoniana are as 
hardy as onr common Cedars. Cupressns macro- 
carpa, GoveDiana, and Kuightii ure, however, killed 
to the ground. 
The Golden Veto seems much hardier than the 
common English (T. baccata,) though this stands 
well, and Taxus adpressa, very pretty and distinct, 
is equally as hardy as either. 
Among the Thujas (Arbor Vito,) Hoveyi, (Hovey’s,) 
cristata, (Buist's Seedling,) gigantea, glauca, and 
Craigeana are perfectly green, and have been so all 
winter; and even Podoeurpus nubigena bolds it color 
and health perfectly well. 
Wellingtesnias are somewhat browned, but wood 
and buds good. 
Among the Evergreen gains of the past yea?, I con¬ 
sider the most important, CupresBus Lawsoniana, 
laxus elegantissima, Podocarpus nubigena, Ber- 
beris Japonica, Taxus monstrosa, Taxus micro- 
phylla, rintts Jeffreys, Pinns Beadsleyi, Pinus Sa- 
biniana; and among the named Rhododendrons 
are Azureum. Sir Charles Napier, Bicolor, Gran- 
Ens. Ritual New-Yorker: — Being a reader of 
your valuable paper, and much interested iu some of 
the nice recipes I find in the “Domestic Depart¬ 
ment,” I send two or three which I know from 
experience to be good. 
Soda Pound Cake. - Four eggs; 1 cup of sugar; 
I cup of butter; 1 j of Hour; 1 teaspoonful of cream 
tartar; 4 Of sodu, dissolved in 1 tablespoon of warm 
water. 
Corn Starch Cake. — Two cups of corn starch; 
t; eggs, yolks and whites beaten separate; 1 cup of 
butter, beaten to a cream; 2 cups of sugar. Bake in 
small tins. 
Sugar Cookies.—O ne egg; 1J cups of powdered 
sugar; f do. of butter; 1 teaspoonful of essence of 
lemon; flour enough to roll soft. Ruth E. W. 
Dansville, N. Y., 1861. 
IMPORTANT TO FARMERS-THE BORER. 
By far the most destructive enemy to our orchards 
is the apple tree borer—for, if left to itself, it de¬ 
stroys every small tree it assails. Its ravages are 
becoming alarming all over the country. Yet a little 
knowledge and a little timely industry are sufficient 
to obviate all these ravages, and save our orchards. 
The parent of this enemy is not of itself a borer, 
but a handsome insect or bug, called Sajierda , with 
two wings concealed under scales. It is about three- 
fourths of an inch long. Its back baa a ground-color 
ol' yellowish-brown, with two small white streaks 
running its whole length parallel, except over the 
shoulder, where they diverge, and then turn again, 
and continue parallel. 
This insect comes out of the body of the apple 
tree, fifteen inches or so from the ground, about the 
15t.h or '20th of June, leaving a hole the size of a nuil 
gimlet. The insect is easily caught, for it will not fly 
till dark, when it flies about the orchards with a view 
of meeting its mate preparatory to propagation. 
This seems to be the solo design of its insect state. 
After sporting a few days, the female begins to 
deposit her eggs, which she does, not by boring, but 
by placing them in the little crevices in the cuticle, 
or outer bark of the tree, near the ground, where site 
can be screened from sight, by the grass around the 
collar of the tree. 
ft appears that all these eggs are deposited between 
the 20th of June and the 20th of July. By a dose 
and careful observation, I am confirmed in opinion 
that, from the time the egg is deposited till the insect 
coincs out, is about two years and eleven months, 
which is the length of its larva or grub state. 
At the end of the first season it. does not exceed 
one-quarter of an inch in length. During this period 
it only bores through the bark and excavates a cavity 
beneath it about the size of a three cent bit, in which 
it dcsigtis to winter. Here it curves itself forward 
and hybernates. During the next season it excavates 
a Bpacc about as large as a dollar, though irregularly 
shaped, living on tho cambium and soft surface of the 
sap wood. At the end of this season it is about half 
an inch or so long. 
On the second Spring, having acquired strength, it 
begins to bore inwardly into tho heart wood, and 
throw out its eastings, through a hole, to the ground, 
like sawdust. It is now fully at work, and grows 
rapidly. It spends the summer in boring in every 
and all directions till September, when it bores 
Gold and Silver Cake —One coffee cup of sugar; 
Id of Ilnur; tho whites of 4 eggs; I for frosting; d tea¬ 
cup of butter; d cup of milk; 1 teaspoon cream of 
tartar; d teaspoon of soda. For Gold Cake, use the 
above recipe, only use yolks. 
Sugar Cookies. —One cup of butter; 2 cups of 
sugar; 3 eggs; 5 cups of flour; 2 tablespoons of sour 
milk; a small teaspoon of saleratus. 
My Cask. Two eggs; 1 cup of sugar; d cup butter; 
2 tablespoons of bout milk; d teaspoon saloratus.— 
C. M. H., KnowlsvUle , N, V., 1861. 
Fruit Turks in Siihuuiikkies, — 1 should like to sen the 
apple and pear in more general use as ornamental plants, 
and want to know why they are not more frequently planted 
in places of moderate, or even limited extent, as suburban 
and villa residences, by intermixing them with common 
shrutibery plants. For cottage ornoes they are peculiarly 
adapted, and in the former places might ho planted to a con¬ 
siderable extent, and would add greatly to the beauty of 
residences at this season of tho year; and afford in tho 
autumn some compensation, by way of sot off, by contribu¬ 
ting a supply of fruit in places where there is generally a 
want of it. Tho great, beauty of tho bloom of Some varieties 
of apples and pears would, of themselves, entitle them to a 
place in our grounds, solely as ornamental plants; and I 
wish you could persuade nurserymen to make u selection for 
this purpose, us T Imagine many coantry gentlemen would be 
induced to purchase them for their parks and homesteads for 
this property alone, if good-sized plants could be procured; 
and that proprietors ol’ small places would be glad to intro¬ 
duce them. 1 say nothing of tho Chinese upples and pears, 
which ure just now in bloom, and worthy of all the admira¬ 
tion they cull forth; but having noticed for several seasons 
how really beautiful the bloom is of many varieties of apples, 
t venture to suggest the matter to your readers. As for the 
pear, it is, when old, one of the most picturesque trees to lie 
met with, and for parks and home grounds, Invaluable as an 
■ornamental trees, when in bloom. I strongly advise planters 
to try the neurre Ranee pear, and three or four other new 
varieties; these have line foliage and Mowers, and a strong 
habit of growth, whieh, as thoy grow old, would prove useful 
ornaments to landscape scenery. - Florist. 
Black Cake.— One lb. of Hour; ? lb. butter; 4 lb. 
sugar; 1 pint milk; small teaspoon saleratus; 4 eggs. 
Short Cake. — Five pounds flour; | lbs. sugar; 4 
lb. butter; 8 eggs; rose water and nutmeg. 
Cymbals.— Two lbs. flour; 4 lb. sugar; 4 lb. butter; 
(I eggs. 
.Jumbles. — Five lbs. of flour; 2 lbs. sugar; 1 lb. 
butter; 6 eggs. Roll them out in loaf sugar. 
Crackers. — Take four ounces of butter; I eggs; 
1 pint milk; flour as thick as possible.—M., Glendale, 
Ohio, 1861. 
Niue Cream Cake.— One cup butter; 1 of cream; 
3 of sugar; 4 of Hour; 5 eggs; 1 teaspoon soda; glass 
rose brandy. 
White Cake. — Two cups sugar; 4 cup butter; 
i{ cup sweet milk; 3 cups flour; whites of 8 eggs; 1 
teaspoon cream tartar; 4 teaspoon soda. 
Jackson Sponge Cake. — One and one-third cups 
sugar; 14 cups flour; 4 eggs; I/, teaspoons cream 
tartar; 4 teaspoon soda, dissolved in a teaspoou of 
water.— Ettkna, Peoria, N. V., 1861. 
Tomato Catsup.— To a gallon of ripe tomatoes, 
put four tftblcspoonfula of salt, four of ground black 
pepper, three tublespoonfals of ground mustard, half 
a tablespoouful of allspice, half a spoonful of cloves, 
three rod peppers, ground fine; simmer tho whole 
slowly, with a pint of vinegar, three or four hours, 
then strain through a sieve, bottle and cork light. 
The catsup should be mado In a tin, or porcelain 
utensil, and the later in the season it is made, the 
less liable it will be to spoil. — Diene, ('overt, N. Y. 
Tomatoes, — ’Flos is one of tho most healthful, as well as 
the most universally liked, of all vegetables; its healthful 
qualities do not depend on the mode of preparation for the 
table; it. may bo oaten thrice a day, cold or hot, cooked or 
raw, alone, or with salt, or pepper, or vinegar, or all together, 
to a like advantage, and to the utmost that can bo taken with 
an appetite. Us healthful quality arises from its slight 
aeidity, iu this, making it ns valuable, perhaps, as berries, 
cherries, currants, and similar articles; it is also highly 
nutritious, but its chief virtue consists in Its tendency to 
keep tho bowels free, owing to the scuds which it contains, 
they acting as mechanical irritants to tho inner routing of 
the bowels, causing them to throw out a larger amount of 
lluid matter than would otherwise have been done, to the 
effect of keeping tho mucous surface lubricated, and securing 
a greater solubility of the intestinal contents, precisely on 
the principal that figs and white mustard seeds are so fre* 
queutly efficient in removing constipation in certain forms 
of disease. The tomato season ends with the frost, If the 
vines are pulled up before tho frost cocoes, and hung up Iu a 
well-ventilated cellar, with tho tomatoes hanging to them, 
the “love apple" will continue ripening until Christmas. 
Tho cellar should not be too dry nor too warm. The knowl¬ 
edge of this may be Improved to great practical advantage for 
the benefit of many who are invalids, aud who are fond of 
the tomato, 
Thick Soled Boots vs. Consumption. —The Town 
Clerk of Newton, Massachusetts, in his report of the 
vital statistics of that town, says; “The number of 
deaths by consumption has usually been about one- 
fourth of tho whole; the past year but fourteen; a 
favorable change in the leading disease of New Eng¬ 
land. Tho favorable result of the change from thin 
to thick soles on the boots and shoes of our females 
is already visible. Should the recent fashion of thin 
soles again be. attempted, it is hoped the ladles of 
NewtOu will stand firm on their thick soles.” 
Dotted Beef. — I’ut a piece of lean beef and a 
pig’s foot in a pot of hot water, (after scalding the 
foot,) boil slowly four or live hoars, cut the meat 
from both, return the bones to the pot to boil till the 
water is well wasted, take out the bones, skim all the 
fat off - and return the meat minced tine; heat all 
together half an hour and pour into a pan, apply a 
weight as for head cheese, and you have a nice 
breakfast dish. If your beef is salt, it must be 
freshened, or more pigs’ feet added.—T. P. F., Hal- 
lowell, Me,, 1861. 
ttail's Journal of Health. 
Hknzivk for Plants. —The London Gardeners' Chronicle 
gives tho following advice respecting the destruction of 
insects on plants:—“ As our bouses and gardens are always 
more or less infested with vermin, it is satisfactory to know 
that benzine, an article become sufficiently well known as a 
dotergeut, Is uo less efficacious as an agent in insecticide. 
Ono or two drops are sufficient to asphyxiate the most 
redoubtable insect, pest, be it beetle, cockchafer, spider, slug, 
caterpillar, or other creeping thing. Eveu rats and mice 
will speedily decamp from any place sprinkled with a few 
drops of the potent benzine, A singular fact connected with 
this application of bcnz.ino is, that tho bodies of insects killed 
by it become *0 rigid that their wings, legs, Ac., will break 
rather than bend, If touched. Next day, however, when the 
benzine has evaporated, suppleness is restored.” 
Boiled Indian Pudding. -In reply to Mrs. King- 
man, Medina, N. Y., I send you my mil’s recipe for 
boiled Indian pudding, which I think can not be 
beat. Two eggs; one quart of sweet milk; j of a 
teaspoonful of saleratus. Stir in Indian meal enough 
to make a thin batter, put it into a bag made of 
thick cloth, tie light, but leave room enough for it to 
swell. Put into a pot of boiling water, boil con¬ 
stantly six hours. If it should stop boiling, fill up 
with boiling water.— Dolly CL, Marc don. A'. Y., 1861. 
A cutting is a shoot or part of a shoot, and gener¬ 
ally of one season’s growth. A foot is the proper 
length for cuttings, for ordinary out-door cnltnre, 
though under some circumstances a single eye or 
joint is used. We give an engraving, showing the 
different forms of cuttings as well as the manner of 
planting. The wood should be as stout and mature 
as possible, and should be cut close and smooth to a 
bud at both ends, as seen in figure 1. Cuttings, 
taken off’ closely to the old wood, with the base 
attached, as in figure 2, are more certain to grow 
than when cut at any point above, and in the quince 
an inch or two of the old wood left attached renders 
success more certain. The philosophy of the matter 
is that the descending wood-forming sap forces out 
roots at the lower end of the shoot, and thus the 
cutting becomes a new plant. The more buds that 
can be got around the base of a cutting the better, 
for these bud3, us soon as they become active, send 
down new matter for the formation of roots. 
Scarce varieties of grapes are propagated by eyes 
having about two inches of wood attached, as seen 
in figure 4, and success is supposed by many to be 
more certain where the joint is halved before plant¬ 
ing, as shown in figure 5. When this mode is 
adopted, it is usual to plant the eyes about half an 
inch deep in light soil in a hot bed, or in pots in a 
propagating bouse. Figure 5 should not be planted 
deep as shown in the engraving, being placed there 
to economise apace in our columns. 
Cuttings should be inserted bo deep that only two 
buds will be above the surface of the soil, and in the 
vine only one. Vine cuttings it is well to make long, 
but they need oot be set upright so as to he out of 
the reach of heat and air, but sloping, as we have 
endeavored to show in figure 3. They may be set 
much more sloping than we have been able to exhibit 
in the engraving, from lack of room. 
Cuttiugs may be made any time during the fall or 
early winter. It should always he done before the 
buds begin to swell. A soil for cuttings should be 
mellow and warm, yet sufficiently compact to retain 
moisture. Those who try to grow them iu a hard, 
baking, compact soil, or one low and wet, or dry and 
sandy, will assuredly fail. 
Very early in the spring is the best time, all things 
Weather. —To-day (May 21) iB the- first spring-like flay we 
have ha-1 for a long time. Everything has been kept hack 
by tho cold, and cherries are the only trees in flower. They 
have suffered severely, and we have reason to expect but a 
very poor crop. Last year, at the same date, onr notes say 
“lilacs in full flower— blossoms of fruit trees billing, and the 
early varieties, such as cherries, setting well, giving promise 
of great Iruitfulness.” 
Frozen Lemonade. — To 1 dozen of lemons take 
4 lbs. of loaf sugar and 2 quarts of water, make the 
lemonade, then freeze just as you would ice cream. 
Substitute for Cream in Coffee. — Beat the 
white of one egg to a froth, add to it a small lump of 
butter. Turn the coffee into It gradually, so it will 
not curdle.—A Rural Header, Palermo, N. Y, 1861. 
Fruits Rkckivkd. — From D. S. Whitlock, Brighton, N 
Y., flue specimens of Coojier's Market Apple. 
gnqttifUiss ml 
To Stop Bleeding in Grape Vinks. —How can the bleed¬ 
ing of grapevines be stopped V I mean the bleeding conse¬ 
quent upon late pruning, f have tried about everything 1 
can think of, and without success.—W. 
Have any of our readers known of serious injury lrom 
bleeding? The best way to stop bleeding that we know of is 
to put on a coating of gum shellac, dissolved iu alcohol. 
Then place over it a. little raw cotton, soaked in tho same 
material. But it is always best to prune early. 
For Cleaning White Kid (’.loves. I see that 
“ M. J. V.” wants a recipe for cleaning gloves. Take 
white castile or shaving soap, make a stiff lather, 
draw the glove over the hand, and rub the lather on 
quickly with a dean white flannel; avoid wetting the 
kid through, and rub with the flannel until dry.— 
A. P., Smi.tl\field, A'. V,, 1861. 
gtortifuUurat 
EVERLASTING FLOWERS. 
Several times, within a year or two, we have called the 
attention of our readers to the cultivation of Everlasting 
Flowers and the Ornamental Grasses, for winter bouquets. 
It may be made not only a source of pleasure in the house, 
hut a source of profit to gardeners and florists. This view, 
which we have urged upon our readers, it will be seen by the 
following, which we copy from the London Gardeners' Chron¬ 
icle , is being endorsed by its editors: 
“It is surprising that, amidnt this universal taste for 
flowers, and the enormous traffic iu the artificial, so little 
attention has been hitherto bestowed upon those flowers 
commonly known as 1 everlasting,’ and which are so well 
adapted for purposes of decoration. 
“The general idea seems to be that everlasting flowers 
are confined to that small yellow variety (Gnaphalium 
armarium,j known as ‘Immortelles,’ and occasionally dyed 
blue aud red for the sake of contrast. But the choice of 
these flowers is confined within no auch narrow limits. 
“Everlasting flower* are chiefly, if nut entirely, produced 
by plant* belonging to the natural order Asteraceo:, but, 
although approximating in form, they vary considerably as 
to size, and in color there is almost an unlimited choice. 
“ The property possessed by these flowers of resisting 
decay may be attributed to the presence of large quantities 
Lima Beans. —How can I succeed iu growing the delicious 
Lima beau ? My soil is heavy, and not one-half will come up. 
Those that some up look miserable until the weather gets 
very warm, when they take a Mtart and grow, but It i* ho late 
ill the season that few ripen, or even get lit to eat. Then 
they require such tall poles that they are much exposed to 
tho wind, and often blown down, uules* secured with great 
trouble aud care. Now, if you can tell uie how to raise this 
One bean—how to avoid all these difficulties—you will much 
oblige me, and I have no doubt hosts of others who “ know 
beaus,” but don’t know enough to raise Limas.— T. H. 
The Lima bean like* a warm, aaudy soli, and doe* not do 
well in cold, stiff ground. Wo have pursued tho following 
plan for a few yeius. Open a drill some four inches deep and 
a foot wide. In this, put about two inches of very »andy 
loam. Put the beans in this sand with the eye down, making 
two rows in the drill, the beans in the rows three inches 
apart, and the rows about eight inches. Cover with two 
inches of tho sand. They will come up well, and if the 
weather lx not too cold, mako a rapid growth, lloe well, 
and ju»t before they begin to run, stick with brush, like peas, 
about six leet high. Tli*> vines will cllug to the brash. As 
soon as the beans get to the top of the brush, pinch off the 
ends of the shoots, and do the same with all stray branches. 
This will cause the vines to grow stocky, and also to set fruit 
in large clusters from the ground to the tops, which will 
mature early. Try this plan and report the result. 
Those Muffins. — Seeing an inquiry from Lizzie, 
in a late number of the Rural, for muffins, 1 send 
you mine, which we think very good. One quart of 
sweet milk; 3 eggs; 1 tahlespoonful of butter; 4 pint 
of hop yeast; flour to make them thick enough to 
drop from the spoon.— Rena, Sherburne, N. Y, 1861. 
Drying Faint.— Will some of the readers of the 
Rural please give a recipe through its coin inns for 
a quick drying paint for kitchen floors, aud oblige 
many who cannot well vacate their moms long 
enough for the common kind used to dry properly.— 
C. L., Albion, A’. Y., 1861. 
Removing Rust from Knives.— Will some of the 
readers of this interesting paper please inform me 
how to remove spots or rust that have accumulated on 
knives and forks.— A. C, I’., Danbury, Conn., 1861. 
Removing Stains from Marble. — Will some 
writer for the “useful” Rural give its readers a 
recipe for removing spots and stains from white 
marble? — Housekeeper. 
