from Turkey Point to tho Delaware river is not less, 
than thirty miles, if Turkey Point, or Worth’s 
Point, opposite, ba guarded by a small battery, (tho 
mouth of the Elk is less than three miles wide, and 
the channel within one milo of ehore,) any attempt 
that might be mado by secessionists from Baltimore 
to puss up the Elk and drain the canal would be 
effectually prevented. 
Pout Deposit, Md., is situated four miles from 
Perryville, on the same side of the river, in Cecil 
county. There is a volunteer company in the town, 
pledged, it is said, to the Union, and ready to respond 
to Gov. Hicks’ requisition, whenever it is made. 
Some of tho United States soldiers from Camp Sus¬ 
quehanna strollod beyond camp limits a few days 
since, and entering a tavern at Port Deposit, caused 
great terror among some reputed secessionists col¬ 
lected there. The United States flag has boon nailed 
to a polo by some ardent individuals in Port Deposit, 
and before the troops were quartered at l'erryville, 
they were accustomed to mount guard around it 
every night. Ferry boats that likewise act as tow 
boats, are constantly running up and down tho Sus¬ 
quehanna, between Port Deposit and Havre de draco. 
IT a vue de Grace has a population of four or live 
thousand. The Chesapeake, below Havre de Grace, 
is now dotted in every direction with Government 
transports, consisting of craft of every description,— 
tugs, sloops, Ericsson steamers, brigs, Ac. Small 
boats are hugging the shores, on the look-out for 
treason traps, and scouting parties are continually 
landing at points along the bay to discover the feel¬ 
ings and intentions of tho people. The lines of the 
camp at l’erryville extend to tho outskirts of the 
village, and to pass any sentry after dark Is impossi¬ 
ble. No man cun get into camp by night from any 
quarter. The lanes, tho fields, the dwellings, the 
bridges, arc hemmed in by guards, who form contin¬ 
uous lines within each other, so that any sentry can 
sumtnou the whole guard if necessary. Sentinels 
also pace the banks of tho river, and two howitzers 
are mounted at the ferry boats, to sink any adventur¬ 
ous rebels, or when requisite, lay under contribution 
the villages over the way. 
outlay of money to gratify his tastes or pamper his 
appetites. He feels proud, too, of his own power of 
self-restraint, and is dignified in his own eyes by Iris 
prudential self-saerilices. According to the testi¬ 
mony of managers of saving banks, a large propor¬ 
tion of those who open accounts with these excellent 
institutions, arc willing to endure severe hardships 
and privations rather than withdraw their deposits. 
Get it be understood, then, that any young man 
wlio earns his bread by the sweat of his brow — ay, 
or by the sweat of brain, and has sufficient determi¬ 
nation so to limit his wants as to save a few dollars 
for a beginning, is almost sure, by that very act, to 
lay the foundation of future comfort and competency. 
The first earnest effort to provide for y rainy day will 
naturally lead to a second, and the sequence will go 
on until the great temporal end of life, a sufficient 
provision against the exigencies of misfortune or the 
wauts of age, shall have been made. 
companies, running off to cities like Washington, by 
way of Annapolis, where no brickbats are on the 
road; but iu three or four weeks the superfluous gas 
will be gone, and Yankees will be Yankees again,’’ 
Don't Luck tuk Bt.ockaoe. —We have already an¬ 
nounced the blockade of Norfolk, Va., by the naval 
forces of the Government. T’uo following paragraph 
is from the Norfolk Herald of May 3d:—“The block¬ 
ade of our harbor includes every conceivable avenue 
of approach to it—from the broad bosomed Chesa¬ 
peake and its noble rivers to the creeks and covcb 
which form their tributaries. The Baltimore ami 
.lames River boats have been stopped, and no steamer 
is permitted to run between Norfolk and Hampton. 
As this small potato blockade will have to be main¬ 
tained chiefly by means of small boats, some plan 
might be devised, wo think, to waylay and sink them. 
Such a desperate species of warfare is truly worthy 
of the great mind which now rules the destinies and 
degrades the historic fame Of what were once the 
United States.” 
The Ilerald meets the matter with indifference, but 
the Richmond Whig 1 “takes on dreadfully.” Hear 
it:—“The base wretches at Washington have dared 
to interrupt and destroy the commerce of this Com¬ 
monwealth. Vessels which the money of our people 
built—the fort, which Virginia entrusted to the com¬ 
mon agent for her defence—are employed for the en¬ 
forcement of this infamous tyranny. Jt is useless to 
investigate the legnlity or constitutionality of such 
a proceeding, Tho law and the Constitution are 
wholly disregarded by the vulgar ruffians at Wash¬ 
ington. It is enough that wo sea in it tho fiendish 
spirit which is to animate this atrocious war. it is 
enough to impel every Virginian to take the Hanni¬ 
bal ian oath of eternal and invincible hate to the whole 
Yankee race.” 
Strength and Importance ok Fortress Monroe. 
—The New Orleans Crescent admits and grieves that 
Fortress Monroe is tho key to Virginia, and that it 
cannot be taken by tho rebels. It flays:—“ If we only 
had possession of Fortress Monroe and the Rip Haps, 
our way would bo clear. But the former is one of 
(ho strongest fortifications in the country, its garri¬ 
son is two thousand four hundred and fifty men, and 
it mounts three hundred and seventy-ono guns. The 
Rip Raps, or Fort Calhoun, built out in the middle of 
Hampton Roads, directly opposite Fort Monroe, 
mounts over two hundred guns. These two fortifica¬ 
tions command Hampton Roads, and James and 
Elizabeth rivers; and Richmond, Norfolk and Peters¬ 
burg are thus locked up. They can have no access 
to tlie sea except between those two strong forts. 
Four or live hundred guns arc frowning upon the 
passage, able to sink a fleet of vessels, and both forts 
are said to be over-garrisoned. Fort Monroe is pro- 
toeted by a moat, and is situated on a spit of sand¬ 
bar at a point where Hampton Roads debouches into 
the Chesapeake Bay. It is the hardest fort on tho 
Continent to take, and we doubt if it could bo taken 
at all. We shall have to drive Old Abe and his dirty 
crow from Washington, and break up his Government, 
and thus compel him to yield tip this fortification 
apd everything else within the limits of tho Southern 
States.” 
Tun Secession Spirit in Tennessee.—' The Lou¬ 
isville Journal says:—As illustrative of the charac¬ 
ter of the ty ranny established over minis in Tennessee, 
wo nifty mention one circumstance out of tho thou¬ 
sands which the Tennessee papors would not dare 
to mention. One of tho first gentlemen of our city, 
a substantial man, whoso word none would ques¬ 
tion, was recently in that Stato on business. He 
repeated to us yesterday a conversation that lie held 
with a native Tennessean, a Union man, who depre¬ 
cated secession as a deplorable blunder and a terrible 
crime. The two gentlemon were alone in a large 
room, no other person being probably within half 
a mile of them, yet tho Tennessean lowered his voice 
almost to a whisper, as if he fancied (hat the very 
walls had ears to hear and tongue to repeat. 
“ Lately,” said lie, “ 1 thought 1 was worth eightorten 
thousand dollars; now 1 am worth nothing. I owe a 
sum of money, and I carefully laid by every dollar 
in my power for the purpose of meeting my obliga¬ 
tions and saving m.y property; but all that 1 laid by 
They have raised military 
OUTSIDE DECORATIONS, 
[Written for Moors's Rural New-Yorker.] 
STUDYING AT HOME. 
Nothing adds more to the good appearance of 
a farm than a little decoration in the garden and 
around the house, while all know that however good 
the house may be, or well-tilled the farm, an untidy 
garden and a few old tumble-down sheds in the yard, 
give to the whole place an untidy, slovenly aspect, that 
is exceedingly annoying to every person of good taste. 
It is very fortunate that those decorations that add 
so much of beauty to even a bumble place are not 
costly, but at the expense of a little time and inge¬ 
nuity can be bad by all. If boards cannot be ob¬ 
tained, a few sticks from the woods will answer even 
Your correspondent “ W." Bays truly that “ great 
improvements are needed among onr rural popula¬ 
tion in the education of our children.” Indeed, the 
American nation would be a more “healthy, wealthy, 
and wise” people, if all of its members were better 
trained and educated. On the other hand, farmers 
cannot, generally, send their boys to school daring 
haying and hoeing. 
Now, in this state of things, why cannot we edu¬ 
cate our boys at home? Let us all set aside, daily, 
one hour and a half in which our boys may study. 
As the mind is fresher in the morning than in the 
afternoon, the time should be taken from the forepart 
of the day. A room should be set apart for the boys 
and girls. The students should not be interrupted 
during the period just named. The first half hour 
might be spent in doing sums,— in acquiring easi¬ 
ness and rapidity in addition, subtraction, multipli¬ 
cation and division. It should not be spent in repeat¬ 
edly going over portions of the arithmetic of no 
practical use to any one. The next half bonr should 
be occupied in copying such books as Mansfield’s 
“Political Manual,” or Well’s “Familiar Science,” 
or Quaekenbos' “Natural Philosophy,” or Ware and 
Smellie’s “ Philosophy of Natural History,” or an 
English Grammar, or ft Political or Physical Geog¬ 
raphy. By this means-the students will be taught 
spelling and punctuation, and will acquire much 
exact information. The work to be copied might 
be chosen by the copyer, under the supervision of 
his or her parent. The last half hour should be spent 
in reading some interesting volume of travels, biog¬ 
raphy, or history. The book, whatever it is, should 
be read aloud by the different students successively— 
one commencing where another leaves off. 
The advantages of this plan are that it allows the 
mental training to proceed without stopping bodily 
exerti n. My father once told me that be lost his 
health by suddenly changing hia manner of life when 
he entered college. This plan would keep brothers 
and sisters at home without separating them. The 
students, too, would see that the pen and the plow 
are not enemies,--that intelligence and knowledge 
are not opposed to farming. 
Most parents might gain some hints from Herbert 
Spencer’s “ Education,” published by D. Appleton 
& Co. 
The above plan can be adopted only by those 
parents who exact a ready and willing obedience 
from their children. It is not suited to very young 
children. Nothing would discourage the students 
more than Interruption. c. 
Philadelphia. Pa., 1861. 
ROCHESTER, N. Y.. MAY 25, 1861 
THE WAR’S PROGRESS 
FACTS, SCENES, INCIDENTS, KTi 
a better purpose. In previous numbers of the Rttrai. 
we have given simple designs for Seats, Summer 
nouses, &c., and now we present our young friends 
with one for a Bump House. We hope not a few will 
employ their leisnre hours tho present summer in 
making such ornamental buildings. 
The Volunteer Army. 
The following list comprises tho regiments which 
have passed through New York city on their to Wash¬ 
ington and vicinity: 
Key. Wherefrom. No. 
5th......Rhode Island. 280 
7th....New York.... 991 
8th. - Mu- ach 1 .l.Ooo 
71st.....New York.1,110 
12 th ...New York -.l,ooo 
Gth.New York . 1,000 
lith.... Rhode Island. 782 
0th... MnsdaohuHutta.. 365 
69th... Now York.1,100 
8th.Now York_ 1,000 
13th.....Brooklyn. 736 
26th..Albany___ 700 
7th..N. Y. (recruits). 130 
1st.......Rhodo Island. 540 
5th...New York... 800 
Ellsworth's.New York.1,100 
28th ..Brooklyn. 650 
18th. ..Brooklyn . 400 
7.ouaves.....Salem, Mass. 200 
iSurguBses Corps.Albany. 110 
20th .. Ulster Oo.. 800 
;M ...tr, S. 417 
0th.Brooklyn. 425 
7th...Now York. 60 
loth.New York. 780 
2d.......Maine..... 800 
1st,.......Vermont. 1,050 
[AVritten for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.] 
MUSIC. 
music,— yes, ’tis my great delight. Good music 
seemsto carry my thoughts away,—and indeed T might 
say myself too, —far from the stern realities of life, 
and I seem to forget, for a time, that 1 am mortal, 
subject to all the ills that tiesh is heir to. In iny 
humble opinion, there is a peculiar style of music 
adapted to every frame of mind. When in health and 
happiness, how the eye will brighten, and the pulse 
quicken, at the sound of lively sweet-sounding 
music, accompanied by the human voice, or the 
soul-stirring strains of some splendid march, accom¬ 
panied by the patriotic sonnd of many drums. And, 
when a shadow of sadness, caused by ray own orother’s 
sorrows, obscures the bright star of hope for a time, 
’tis then that I love to listen to soft, mournful music, 
that seems to express my very thoughts and feelings. 
May it be mine to be cheered by such music in my 
last hours, when I shall leave this world forever. 
One of our illustrious forefathers said, “Give me 
liberty or give me death.” 1 love liberty as well as 
any one, bat next to liberty give me music, for I can¬ 
not be happy without it. I remember the advice of 
an aged lady to me when 1 was about twelve years of 
age. Thanks to kind Providence, she was not my 
mother. T was practicing in muBio all the spare hours 
that I had out of school aside from cluing tho few 
chores that my mother required of me about the 
house. One day this lady called while I was engaged 
in the pleasant occupation of learning a new sere¬ 
nade, “ Now my little girl,” said she, “let mo give 
you some good advice. Don’t be so foolish as to 
waste so much time to learn to sing and read those 
notes. What good will it ever do you? There will 
be no end on't, and it will cost all your spare shil¬ 
lings and dollars, that you will need more for some¬ 
thing else, for it is costing you something now for 
note books, and other music; besides, it will net bo 
long before you will ivant an instrument of some 
kind; then, of course, you must Have a teacher.” 1 
told her that I thought I could learn to play with tho 
aid of an instruction book, without a teacher. 
“Well, suppose yon can, you will have to practice a 
great while before you can play well, and after ail, 
what Avill it amount to? By-and-by you will get mar¬ 
ried, and you will find to your Borrow that although 
young men like to hear girls sing and play, when they 
become husbands they had rather have a wife who 
knows how to keep house,” (just as if girls could not 
learn music and housekeeping too.) “1 shall not 
allow my girls to waste their time in such nonsonse, 
hut I’ll make good housekeepers of them, which I 
think will b - more benefit to them. Your mother 
can do as she likes about your education, bnt 1 think 
music, and many other studies that are becoming 
popular in common schools, are of no use to a girl, 
unless she intends to teach, or live in a village.” 
Well, said I, it the gentlemen think less of me 
because I like music, they may marry those who will 
be better housekeepers, and I will be content, and 
have music, liberty, and happiness. A few years have 
passed away, and with them the good old lady, whom 
1 really loved, although I could not indorse all her 
sentiments. Her daughters, who are a few yearn my 
seniors, are tolerable housekeepers to be sure, but 
no happier than I, and I have heard them say 
repeatedly that they wished they understood music. 
Therefore, T any, girls and boys, one and all, let us 
improve this greatest of God's gifts, and learn all we 
can of music. Unlike our friend Plowhandlo, I have 
no desire to see my name in print, and will merely 
say that lam 
’ A Giri, who loves Music and the Rural 
Union, Mon. Co., N. Y., 1861. 
WOMAN’S EDUCATIONAL EMPIRE 
AVoman educates the heart; man educates the in¬ 
tellect; and in this fact consists the chief element of 
her superiority as an educator. The education of 
the intellect without that of the heart, may make 
demons; for the understanding, when divorced from 
tho affections, is fit only to produco such monsters. 
But woman, when properly qualified for her mission 
in the world, happily combines the heart and intel¬ 
lect, bo that neither Is trained at the expense of tho 
other, but both are educated in the most perfect uni¬ 
son. Man may educate the heart, but this is not 
ordinarily bis part as an educator. The heart is more 
especially at woman’s disposal. And no one is so 
eminently endowed by nature with all the important 
qualifications for the entire work of education, as 
woman. She teaches ns to love iyhat man teaches us 
to believe. She ingrafts upon our affections what man 
implants in our memories. She leads ns to honor 
and virtue, by inspiring in us an admiration of all 
that is good and true; be inculcates the theoretic 
principles of an honorable and virtuous life as the 
subjects of intellectual apprehension. She is the 
sunshine of the soul, comprehending both light and 
heat, to illuminate and vivify all the soul’s activities; 
he is the sunshine of the intellect, radiating splendors 
upon its researches after truth, but splendors which 
are, too often, cold and chilling as the sunshine 
of bleak and icy winter. 
Aime-Murtin, a French author, says that “out of 
sixty-nine monarchs who have worn the crown of 
France, only three have loved the people; and, 
remarkable circumstance, all three were brought up 
by their mothers.” The same remark would be sub¬ 
stantially true, no doubt, of the potentates of all 
orders; they love in proportion as they have been 
educated to low. aud it is the province of a motber’3 
influence and training, especially, to develop this 
attribute of human nature. 
“ Give us mothers who kuoiv how to educate then- 
children;” this, under the blessings of God, would, 
ere long, result iu the ushering in of a universal 
empire of intelligence, and law and righteousness, ttnd 
peace and joy. Will it uot, therefore, be our special 
care, looking forward to the world’s progress and the 
future elevutiou of the whole race of mankind, not 
only to educate carefully and thoroughly our sons for 
the spheres of life in Avliieh they may be called to 
move and act, but also onr daughters, whose sphere of 
duty and influence is even more grand and glorious, 
and involves more terrible responsibilities than that 
which Providence assigns to our sons. Woman’s 
empire is the empire which is to bless or curse man¬ 
kind in future as in past; bat if she is properly 
educated to her soi'ereign mission, her empire will 
only be a blessing, not a curse. 
Total.*..18,226 
There are now in New York the folloiving, Avhich 
have been mustered into servico and are ready to 
march: 
Key. Colonel. Men. 
1st... AV. H. Allen. 800 
2d_Tompkins.. 900 
4th....J. II. H. Ward. 800 
i Dmysa. .. 1,200 
0th .Wo. WllBOB .. 700 
7th....John E. Ueudix. 800 
9th Walter McCheanoy. 800 
14th_A. M. AVood. 900 
has been taken from me. 
companies iu my neighborhood, and, Although roy 
opinions were known, they levied uposi me, as they 
did upon others, whatever they pleased, ami I had to 
furnish the required amount or bo spotted and per¬ 
secuted, — probably driven out of the State as an 
abolitionist.” Any dozen or even half dozen seces¬ 
sionists in any part of Tennessee, can band them¬ 
selves together at pleasure, as thousands of.dozens 
and half dozens are doing, aud levy the most oppres¬ 
sive and enormous black mail for secession purposes 
upon secessionists and Union men alike, marking 
each man’s tax opposite his name upon a piece of 
paper, and then presenting the paper with the foot¬ 
pad command of stand and deliver. And from the 
authority of the relentless and remorseless robbery 
there Is no appeal; no poiver exists to which the 
sufferers can successfully turn for protection and 
redress. A giant despotism, subdivided into count¬ 
less petty despotisms, covers the land with a shadow 
deadlier to life than the shadow of Java’s poison tree. 
Total.6,90c 
The following are nearly ready, and will bo mus¬ 
tered into service iu a few days: 
Amkrson Zouaves ... 00( 
Sbcnlinn’s Volunteers. 1,651 
Constitution Guard. 90( 
Ninth Regiment. 80( 
California Regiment_ 75< 
Steuben Regiment_ 78( 
Excelsior Brigade. 1,40< 
Fifty fifth Regiment. . 60( 
First Regiment, Gorman RilleB___..._ 78< 
F,invent}) Regim#nt..„. 65< 
Second Regiment, Fire Zouaves. 1,00< 
Actor Regiment......_ 70< 
Ramsey's Volunteeru..'........ 40i 
Second Regiment, S. L. G._ 80( 
Union Rangers....... 80< 
Uauuockburu Battalion.. 201 
Elite Corps (light Infantry). 401 
First Regiment, Onion Volunteers. 35< 
Naval Brigade ...._....___1,0© 
Seventy fifth Regiment_ 60' 
Montezuma Regiment.. 40 
United Turner, Rifles.._ 78 
Union Volunteer Rifles.. 30 
Westchester Chasseurs.. 63 
Excelsior Regiment.. 78 
British Volunteers. 60 
Garibaldi Guard. 78 
Points of Interest. 
The places rioted below are points of special 
interest just at the present time, and as each is 
frequently mentioned in the journals of the day, a 
brief description may prove of value: 
Pbrkyvjllk is a pretty village of some six or eight 
bouses and two hotels,— one of the latter kept by a 
Pennsylvanian,— that derives its only importance 
from being a station upon the Rusquehannft river. 
Here, for many years, passengers over the Baltimore 
Railroad, going South, have taken a ferry boat for 
Havre de Grace, and resumed the railroad at the lat¬ 
ter place. It was noted, during an unusually eold 
winter, as the eastern termini of a bridge of solid Ice, 
over which the ears ran upon a temporary track. 
The river at this place is three-quarters of a milo 
wide; aud at the distance of a mile below, the open 
bay commences. The railroad ferry house (now the 
principal barracks for the volunteers) is erected upon 
a strip or tongue of high-land that protrudes into the 
river, Avith shallow covers upon either side. 
Turkey Point, which has recently been occupied 
by a detachment of United States troops, can he dis¬ 
tinctly **en from Perryville. It is a sharp projection 
on the bay, ftbout eight miles from the former place. 
This important position is memorable fts the site of 
the lauding of the British troops under Lord Howe, 
in their march to Chadd's Ford and Philadelphia. It 
is of the highest importance in the present crisis, 
inasmuch as it will guard the exit and entrance of 
the Chesapeake to the Delaware canal. Back river, 
the stream leading to the canal, is about eight miles 
up the Elk; barges or steamers sail up the Baek river 
five miles, to Chesapeake city, where they enter the 
locks and pass through the canal proper, to Delaware 
city, sixteen miles further. The distance, therefore, 
Law of Treason.— Trmllny with :m Enemy. 
The legal rights of citizens, in time of Avar, to 
trade with an enemy, aro not very well understood in 
this country. The following extract from Kent’s 
Commentaries on the Law of Nations, will place the 
subject iu a clear light before our readers: 
One of the immediate and important consequences 
of the declaration of war, is the absolute interruption 
and mho-dictum of alt commercial correspondence, in¬ 
tercourse, and dealing between (he. subjects of the two 
countries. * * 4 The interdiction flows neces¬ 
sarily from the principle already stated, that astute 
of war puts all the members of the two nations 
respectively in hostility to each other; and to suffer 
individuals to carry on a friendly or commercial in¬ 
tercourse, while the two Governments were at war, 
would be placing the act of Government and tho acts 
of individuals in contradiction to each other. It 
would counteract the operations of war, aud throw 
obstacles in the way of tne public efforts, and lead to 
disorder, imbecility and treason. Trading supposes 
the existence of eivil contracts and a reference to 
courts of justice; urrd it is, therefore, necessarily con¬ 
tradictory to a stilt,r of war. It afford# aid to the 
enemy in an effectual manner, by enabling the mer¬ 
chants of the enemy’s country to support their Gov¬ 
ernment, and it facilitates tho means of conveying 
intelligence, and carrying on ft traitorous correspon¬ 
dence with the enemy. These considerations apply 
with peculiar force to maritime States, where the 
principle object i« to destroy the marine resources 
and commerce of the enemy, in order to force them 
to peace. It is a well settled doctrine iu the English 
courts, and with English jurist, that there cannot 
Education is an art or science which, despite the 
great improvements that have been made in it in 
modern times, is yet but in its infancy. The expe¬ 
rience of almost every day teaches us how much the 
success of any one system of education depends 
upon the character aud resolution of the instructor. 
-A Dr. Arnold can work wonders with means that 
prove utterly inadequate with weaker spiffs. We 
agree with Prof. Lilians, that in almost every case 
“ where young people are taught as they ought to be, 
they are quite as happy in school as at play; seldom 
less delighted, nay, often more, with the well directed 
L exercises of their mental energies, than with that of 
•^1 their muscular powers.” It is, however, so very 
rjj seldom that young people arc as happy in school as 
sj at play, that we are forced to believe that they are 
squally seldom taught as they ought to be. We hail, 
however, as a change not less admirable than notice- 
jg’ able, the desire, which is now bo general among 
jx 7 teachers, to make the acquirement of knowledge 
itself an object of pleasure, and to conform their 
& plans and modes of teaching to juvenile opinion, 
% when reasonable.— London Critic. 
Nothing is more certain than that when a man 
begins to lay by money, the desire to accumulate 
grows with the growth*of his savings. The “neBt 
egg” is the chief difficulty. A deposit once made, 
the self-denial necessary to enable the depositor to 
add to the initial sum becomes less irksome every 
day, until at length the thrifty individual derives a 
greater pleasure from the contemplation of his 
increasing store, than ever he experienced from the 
