fwtirnttMral gtotos 
Fruit is Niagara County. —Having a little leisure, I 
improve it to acquaint you about the prospect of fruit, Ac., 
in our vicinity. To begin with, wo supposed that our peacb 
crop wan almost an entire failure, but this is not so Our 
natural trees. If nothing further happens, will yield a fair 
crop. All cultivated peaches will bo scarce. Apple and 
cherry trees are set very full of blossoms. Pears bid fair to 
be a good crop; but, oh, the grapes! they are in a bad con¬ 
dition. I see in some localities large vines that will not have 
a cluster on them; others will have a few Some secluded 
vines, say on the east side of a building, are not injured in 
my vineyard. 1 And but few vines but will produce some 
fruit. In some places I find a number that liavo but few live 
buds, and then several that have plenty of tVult buds. I 
have 400 vines in my orchard, and almost every one has fruit 
buds in abundance, but the singularity of the matter is. that 
the wood is greeu. the sap Mowing freely, and yet the buds 
are all dead. The largest and strongest canes are injured 
the roost. I should like to know if this is a general thing all 
over Western Now York. 
The weather is cold, and everything at least two weeks 
behind last year. Wheat looks had. Winter rye looks very 
well. I must tell you about my grape crop last year. 1 made, 
from two and a half acres, 1,445 gallons of wine, and sold 
f200 worth of grapes. Won’t that do?— H. P., Loekport, N. 1'. 
Ohio Beauty Amu.— Mr. William K. English, of Rbine- 
liart, Anglaiso couuty, Ohio, says of the Ohio Beauty apple: 
“One tree of this variety, of about sixtegu years' growth 
charmed ami astonished everybody. Almost every approach 
to the trunk of the tree waa cut Off by the limbs bending to 
the ground; iu many places, apples matured resting on the 
ground, home of the limbs of this tree extended twentv-two 
I Written for Moore 1 
’s Rural New-Yorker.] 
WASHING-DAY REVERIE 
THAT 
A * married man's" story of washing-day woe, 
Ami tbiok there are truths Hwould be well for friend A, 
Even thus Into in life, just to know. 
There is a machine that, long years ago, 
Took a patent—though some still abuse it_ 
And He who first issued it, doubtless you know, 
Oave His life, that all natioos might use it. 
The name was peculiar—somewhat too long 
May be for those who have grown to be curt - 
8o I beg you will not, In the least, think it wrong 
If I call It “ Do as you’d be done by ” for short! 
It not only helps the poor women who rub, 
Wearing clothes, time, and temper away, 
But also assists the husbands who snub 
Beyond reason, on “ blue ” washing-day. 
It sorts out the clothes, and sorts out the work, 
With a kind of unerring precision; 
There are none overtaxed, and none left to shirk, 
Under its wise and just supervision. 
Self-adjusting, adapted to every one’s need, 
Its work is above all suspicion; 
Every house should, instunter , procure one indeed, 
1 or it does well In any condttiou. 
As the half of its utex I oarer could state, 
1 will some of Its principles toll, 
To the. inn<trmnsi first all its movements relate, 
Then the outside expression is well 
pto. 2. 
A NEW WAY OF GROWING. 
successfully be done. But if not done before plant¬ 
ing, it can never be more than imperfectly accom¬ 
plished by after efforts. 
Our indications, then, are a deep, pervious border, 
with open subsoil that needs no draining; or if sub¬ 
soil is retentive, it must have sufficient inclination 
to admit of drainage. If drainage is not practicable, 
the border must be raised. 
To obviate the evils that result from drouth, the 
border must be made deep, and of material that is 
attractive ol moisture. This indication will always 
be perfectly fulfilled in making the home for the 
roots of the plant so stored with food, and that of 
suitable quality and quantity as shall be always at 
hand. 
A border of proper depth, well enriched with a 
suitable compost, ran never be dry. Its attractive 
power increases with increase of temperature, so 
that in hottest weather it will best supply the food 
that the plants need. We are not to suppose the 
material of the border is food ready prepared for the 
plants, but rather that it is the unwasting material 
Iroin which such a daily supply is cooked, as the 
little stomata may need, and not in wasteful propor¬ 
tions, but that the want and supply are greatly in¬ 
creased by increase of temperature, as also ability to 
appropriate, or. in other words, to effect growth and 
fruitfulness. 
To make a border that will give results most abun¬ 
dantly satisfactory, no learned compound is needed 
It matt**™ not, then, whom* “baud hohlHthe key,” 
Or when, where, or who may unlock you, 
If there’s naught that is wrong in the inside, you see, 
There can nothlug cinnn ont that will shock you. 
The fulcrum in uso Is “bear and forbear,’’ 
11 All bauds ” need to work at the lever; 
Nhould yon wish a machine, direct to the care 
Of Earnest and Honest Endeavor 
t ou'll bo sure to receive, by return of the mail, 
What you ask! you may rest on my word, 
That firm has never been known (yet) to fail. 
Your well-wishing friend, 
Polly Kouo. 
P. S.—Please tell that “ young man” who would marry, before 
He asks for a wife that’s all hooey, 
To just weigh himself! and expect nothing more 
Than simply the worth of his money. 
Apples pkk Central New York.— The report of the 
Oneida Community taps:— 1 “ The Red Astracan, Primate, and 
Sweet Bough, among summer varieties; the Porter, Graven- 
steiu, Norton’s Melon, and Lowell, autumn sorts; and the R. 
I. Greening, Baldwin, Esopiig Splt*en|)urgh, Swaar, Wagener, 
English Russett, and Northern Spy, late keepers, have all 
proved well adapted to this place. The Primate Is the best 
summer apple we know. Baldwin and Porter liable to over¬ 
bear Swan rand Splt/.nnburgh pay for high culture. Wagener, 
a famous early bearer, and oT superior quality. The North 
eru Spy—‘slow but sure’-has this year shown that it will 
produce great crops of largo apples. The next enlargement 
of our apple orchards will he of this sort. First full returns 
from young orchards—one thousand bushels of choice fruit 
[Written for Monro's Rural New-Yorker.) 
OUR WASHING DAYS. 
How frequent, it in the case, that. Monday is turned 
into the most disagreeable day imaginable, and the 
sweet flower in the garden of domestic bliss is 
strangely converted into a very vixen, and in the 
husband’s keen sense of his present, discomfort, he 
loses sight of the happiness or the preceding six 
days. 1 think if a good washer-woman, -one that 
can he trusted, and will do as with her own,—can be 
found, that every woman of family should biro her 
washing done, if she is not in very good circum¬ 
stances; lor it is quite ub cheap to pay for washing, 
as to pay the doctor bills, and to a woman that is 
obliged to take in washing, it is an act of charity to 
'mii, juai nuco « son US will give the best crop of corn 
or wheat, but deeper by two or three fold, will be all 
that is desired for a grape border or vineyard. How 
best to effect this, depends upon a great variety of 
circumstances, at which we cun scarcely glance for 
the present. Where stable manure is cheap and 
abundant, the grand specific is revealed. But gener¬ 
ally where grapes In the garden especially are most 
desired, it is scarce and dear. Of the compost heap 
we shall speak soon; for in all gardening operations 
it may be looked upon us a convenience so great 
that it may be considered indispeusable. 
W e shall, for the present, assume the position as 
undisputed, that the border must be deep and well 
enriched, and also that its component pails must be 
thoroughly worked together into one homogeneous 
mass. But the terms “ deep" and “ rich” convey no 
very definite idea, and with propriety, vary accord- 
ing to circumstances. A depth of eighteen inches 
of well-prepared soil may, under one state of things, 
be quite sufficient, while another set of 
oes may require at least three feet. Wo \ 
these the maximum and minimum, ren 
the depth may be almost as daraaginglv 
too little, 
[RIMMLYO THK Ci it A J'K Vl.NB.— TIlA vitU* i.M DOW HO fjtr ft(l* 
vanned, generally, that, with caution, ou<* can complete the 
priming that is still Incomplete, without producing blooding 
or other injury, and Willi a decided benefit. In addition to 
former suggestions, all weak, small buds, should also be 
mu gown's 
Grass on Gravel Walks— Will some one please tell me 
what, will prevent grass from growing up iu a gravel walk’ T 
have had the walk dug op more than oueo, but it does no 
good. 
For two years [ have tried to raise Lima beans, hut some 
insect eats ou the leaves us soon ax they make their appear¬ 
ance. t flunk it must be an Insect, for occasionally a leaf Is 
Jett that is full ol holes. Will you, or some of yoiir readers 
be so kind a* to tell me what r should do to save them and 
greatly oblige—W. I’. K., Buffalo, N. )'. mi. 
Your walk, wo think, is not well made. The earth should 
have been removed abnot a Toot in depth, and the place filled 
with rough stones, ftc., and over this the gravel placed A 
road made in this way will not be troubled with grass, except 
on the edges, where the earth will wash from the rides. 
Here give (1 good coating of salt once or twice during the 
season, aud the grass will not grow. If you do not wish to 
make the road anew, try the salt. 
I.ima Beans should not ho planted until the weather is 
warm. They lira natives of a warm climate. Put them in a 
sandy noil, and If the weather i* mild when they come up, 
they will soon be out of the way of all insects, but if it should 
prove wet, ami cold, the plants will suffer. 
CULTURE OP THE VINE 
PREPARATION OF THE SCjJL. 
After the Bituatiou is chosen, which should be 
such as will give the vine full exposure to the sun 
for the greatest part of the day, always preferring an 
easterly to a westerly variation from a southerly 
aspect, the accommodation for roots demands con¬ 
sideration. Tho ground in which it is planted must 
ho prepared to give safe and convenient lodgment, 
both summer and winter* as well as to furnish a fine 
supply of food. 
1 lie greatest evil t > be feared iu summer, is the 
lodgment of water in the soil occupied by the roots, 
or excessive wetness; excessive dryness must also 
be avoided. 
The evil to be dreaded in winter is severe freezing 
A NEW MODE OF RAISING PEACHES, 
of the vltic- 
growing region, success depends upon making the 
most of a season rather too short, and temperature 
inconveniently low, and the full measure of success 
there obtainable, under every appliance und care 
will not generally quite equal the ordinary good 
results which are easily obtainable in the most ffivor 
able latitude. To make the most of the spring, the 
roots must be kept as near the surface as practicable 
I 11,1(1 consistent with their maintenance in healthful 
productiveness, und the ripening of both wood and 
Iruit in early autumn ii considerably hastened by 
having the fertility of its border of moderate depth 
and the drainage most thorough and effective. 
With what appliances tnd under what circumstan¬ 
ces these co-workers with nature, under difficulties, 
may best succeed, we shall soon attempt to show- 
ami with no small degree of pleasure, for to these 
her most earnest and devpted lovers, we are Indebted 
for much of the knowledge of our art. Eminent 
success in horticulture, tnd more especially In viti¬ 
culture, depends upon sioh a degree of knowledge 
as can be attained only in a “rather unfavorable 
climate and tolerably btrren soil,” and the way to 
success has been marked with such clear lines of 
light, that it is not difficult to follow; and although 
the fruits of the soil vill generously reward the 
labor, a far more valuatdc compensation will result 
in the development and cultivation of the man, whose 
powers will be called inti healthful and invigorating 
exercise in the way of tharity and benevolence.— 
C, W. Grant , Iona, near Peeks hill, N. Y, 
oi ranee ea-Bt of tills to ANiagara. The past winter it 
was thought did the work of destruction most effectu¬ 
ally, as pretty careful examinations only revealed a 
live bud in a hundred, while in many eases a sound 
one could not be found. Later we have heard of 
some trees showing signs of flower, and hopes ex¬ 
pressed that a small crop would yet be secured, but 
how well founded these hopes are, we cannot say. 
Other sections of our country are even less favored, 
and a harvest of peaches is the exception, A cor¬ 
respondent of I/ovey’s Magazine recommends a new 
method of growing peaches, which we think at least 
worthy the attention of lovers of this delicious fruit. 
A course very similar to this we heard recommended 
several years since by a skillful gardener in this city, 
and if protection is given the peach something of 
this kind seems more practical than expensive glass 
houses. 
"The last even respectable crop of peaches was 
in 1868; and where are the peaches for 1861? Why, 
there is not the vestige of a bud left to tell the tale. 
Thousands of trees, too, have been swept away in the 
general ruin, not even those in orchard-houses escap¬ 
ing; and of their ntility and efficiency I have my 
own 1 sraa’ peculiar idee’ about, and expressed my¬ 
self so in a cotemporary journal last year, and now 
repeat, that the Rivers model is totally nusuited to 
this climate, aud, even if so, could not become uni¬ 
versal, because of their great first cost, and subse¬ 
quent expense for skillful culture and attention. 
1 The plan I offer to insure a crop of this delicious 
fruit, doubly important in a sanitary point of view, is 
cheap in its construction, efficacious in purpose, and 
ornamental. 
"The following description will, I trust, be suffi¬ 
cient to render the annexed diagrams (tigs. 1 and 2,) 
intelligible. Take stout cedar or other posts; sink 
level with the earth’s surface in two rows equidistant 
and opposite; thereon lay a sill or framework 4 feet 
2 inches from outside to outside, (the two inches are 
allowed for a ridge board which is not seen in the cut;) 
then take rafters 12 feet long, say 2 by 3* inches thick, 
and place thereon at an augle of 85 degrees, which 
a lows a slope of one inch in 12, giving the appear¬ 
ance of the cut (fig. 1.) Set those six feet apart, and 
extend to such lengths as space or desire may dictate. 
, the rafters are lixed, take galvanized iron wire 
and ran it horizontally six inches apart; strain thor¬ 
oughly, aud fasten to each rafter with small staples, 
his wiB be more neat, light and durable than wood. 
"1 here may be some diversity of opinion as to the 
aspect of the trellis; local convenience would always 
control me. If running north and south, the differ¬ 
ence would be the merest trifle. Under a vertical 
sun, it east and weBt, the north side may be planted 
The Black Currant.— Can you put me in the way of cul- 
tlvahag th# black currant in such a way aa to make it pro¬ 
ductive? I have it in sunshine and shade, in loam and j„ 
eUy, and get a profusion of hlot-soma, hut the fruit is hliiwinir 
.Sometunss it sets aud then drops, but many (low,-™ dron 
without getting, and t cannot get enough to make the bushes 
worth ground room. For wine jelly and pudding* , l0 fruit 
is its superior. Were I he cultivation better understood it 
W "// V' n iao] al,le tlw tl " 9t ° f ? lir ‘l*'ue.—T. >* F., Hullo 
Try the Black Naples, which holds its berries better than 
the English. The Bang Up is also an excellent currant 
at freezing temperature, will be greatly damaged, if 
not ruined. In spring, as the surface of the grouud 
becomes warmed, the roots of the vine shoot out 
with great vigor. The surface roots seem disposed 
to take all of the labor of supplying and sustaining 
the vine in its growth and fruit-bearing. While the 
heat is moderate and the surface continues moist, 
the early vigor continues, or even becomes accelera¬ 
ted, if, with increasing temperature, sufficient moist¬ 
ure is uninterruptedly supplied. Bnt before the end 
of June the surface must become less moist and more 
rapidly so than the roots can be prepared for. The 
vine ceaseB to make new leaves of large size, and 
fails to give the substance to those already formed 
that will make them effective and enduring in bring¬ 
ing forward the young fruit and furnishing fine¬ 
grained, hard, short-jointed wood, which is necessary 
for the building up aud continuation of a healthy 
and productive “stock.” 
Ihe surface roots cease to act, the vine languishes, 
and various marks of illness anpeur. In cases of 
APPLE TREES-BURSTING BARK, 
Lns. Rural New-Yorker:— I saw in your paper of 
May lltb, from “Surscuker,” of Rome, N. Y., an 
article on apple trees mrsting their bark, which 
may mislead some apple raisers. I will give you my 
experience. Some five jears ago I lost about eighty 
trees by what r call wltte r-killing. About half of 
them were grafted the Burnmer before, on native 
trees, and the grafts grewlirst rate. The next spring 
they were dead to the roits, and I dug them up and 
threw them away. The nher half were trees, some 
of them four or live inebrn through, that were grafted 
in the nursery and aftervard set out in the orchard. 
Now on many of these tie bark was loose all around 
the tree, the crack in tie bark universally on the 
southwest side. On the vest side of the lot next the 
fence, where the snow itifted and lay on nearly all 
winter up to the limbs, not a tree was hurt. Now, I 
can account for the whole trouble only In this way: 
Ihe trees that I grafted it the spring before, having 
less sap, in consequence of catting off all the top, 
froze to death without bursting the bark on a single 
tree. The others grew reiy fast till late in the fall, 
the wood being soft, anc when they froze the hark 
was loosened. Those ir. the snow were protected. 
Our coldest winds are from the southwest. Now, 
many of my trees that cmrst their bark some two 
HOW TO MAKE RUSK 
Mr. Editor:—I n your Rural of last week,’ I saw a 
petition for good rusk. Please insert the following, 
which I know to be good:—One cup of butter and 
lard, equal quantities; 1 quart milk; 2 cups of coffee 
sugar. Make a sponge at night, using half of the 
above ingredients, with 2 tablespoonfuls of yeast. 
In the morning, when very light, mix softer than bis- 
an egg aud half a 
When very light, make into 
When baked, 
using a 
appearance. 
In the morning, 
cult, using the other half with 
tcaspoonful of soda, 
biscuit, letting them stand until light 
wet the top of them in milk and molasses, 
rag or feather,—this gives them a glossy 
Aud now to thee, whose name ia “ Lide,” 
I have & word to nay, 
That if yoar Rusk are not superb, 
I'leaae try another day. 
Remembering the old proverb, 
That practice perfect makes, 
Which most especially is true 
In making Rusk or Cakes. 
Mattituck, L. I., 1861. l. y. R. , 
Noticing an inquiry in a late number of the Rural, 
for making rusk, I will give a recipe which I know /,• 
to be good. Take of light bread dough two bowls; A 
add one cup of sugar; two eggs; onc-half of a cup L 
of butter. Let it rise until light; add a teaspoonful 
of soda; then do up your rusk. Let rise again and M 
bake in a quick oven. This will make a large quan- 
tlty; divide the recipe, and you will have sufficient 
for an ordinary family.— Hannah, Mattituck, L. I. A 
BLACK CURRANT—BANG CP. 
We give an engraving of a bunch we gathered last summer. 
It is now the favorite black currant in England. Perhaps 
late frosts injure the blossoms, butdropping the fruit is a bad 
habit peculiar to the Black English everywhere, we believe. 
We endorse the opinion expressed of the value of the Black 
Currant 
take increased action, and if circumstances are fa¬ 
vorable, the fruit again begins to enlarge and goes 
on to ripening. 
These surface-roots will be destroyed by the winter 
and when they have grown so large as to become an 
important part of the vine, its health is destroyed 
with them. Often no marked eflect follows, while 
all circumstances continue favorable; but it is ouly 
the vine whose health is at all points guarded and 
whose strength i3 ever husbanded that is able to 
withstand all trials of the seasons. 
Nearly the same train of symptoms follows the 
loss of the roots or the hindrance ol their formation 
during the growing season by the excess of water. 
We have glanced at a few of the evils to which 
the vine is very often subjected, in order that we 
may see the need of obviating them at the beginning, 
or in preparing the ground, so that it may easily and 
io Frrvent Cherries from being Wormy.—N oticing an 
inquiry in a late number of your paper for preventing cher¬ 
ries from being wormy, I send you the plan we have followed, 
and have bad very good success. Just before the tree blos- 
*oms, take woolen rolls and put them twice round the tree, 
and tie them about afoot and a half from the ground, and 
let 'hem remain on till the cherries are ripe. We use four 
such roils. This prevents insects from reaching the limbs 
aud spoiling tho cherries.— M. Zimmerman, Tonawanda, Eiie 
Co., If. F, 1861. 
Asparagus Pea.— Will you, or some of yonr correspon¬ 
dents, give me some information, through your paper in 
regard to the “Asparagus Pea?” I received from the 
U M 
r is 
7 M 
in 
