-- „ ^ n () not a now them to run too ranch to brush. Use manure, is sometimes put to a great depth below the 
YM/fSOf® r Till T JW]! R A L the knife fn-elv the second or third year, and cultivate surface, with a great thickness of unfertile so.l above. 
ii A\U y ^ Dp BOt * raise anything else close about them. This is much worse than useless expenditure of cflre 
_— ~ Give them a it the strength of the ground. I observe and means. Soil should never be made deeper than 
NOTES IN THE GARDEN^ none have fallen from ray bushes except the very can he well '• aerated.” and J* ,V unl ewth e'sur- 
small ones on the end of the stems, and I regard that menco at least from «e«r the surface, k« the sur 
It becomes an interesting question at this time afl & benctit, as those left seem to grow much larger, face consists of very open ** n ° rp ^ . ] 
will become of the ourculios, for we shall have By the way, l obtained at the same time two a covering for a border is somet.mcs advantage® Uy 
n0 plums the present season. The flowers were de- bundred strawberry plants, “Early Scarlet” and made. __ 0T10Bed that is to 
rtr0V ed. The theory of Dr. Fitch is that the curculio .. Hovey’a Seedling.” One-half of them died, as I When very deep working iip» Pv* * , g 
in the absence of fruit deposits its eggs in the hark, reccived them so late in the season; the remainder say, deeper than thice ce , H earth and 
so the loss will not be Berions. Other fruits, too, will j took g 0 „d care of, and they will soon reward me required. , oil, r ra . 
fi n Cc r and thus the “ little Turk - will find ways and with about one bnshe i of fruit More than one-half manures to serve as soil, or * receptacle the roota 
means to survive the hard times. The cherries are f the berries of Hovey’s Seedling are now over one- of plants, can not undergo ^ L ® 
S,ut as badly off as the plums, and for the first time fonrth of aa inch in diameter, and 1 do not consider fit itfor entertaining the 
* .cry ,« « arc - «-»**. .he™, ap P ca„„c,. ore, ta„ Th.y.rc, 
well. l>o not raise anything else close about them. 
Give them alt the strength of the ground. I observe 
none have fallen from my bushes except the very 
small ones on the end of the stems, and I regard that 
as a benc-tlt, as those left seem to grow much larger. 
By the way, 1 obtained at the same time two 
hundred strawberry plants, “Early Scarlet” and 
I “ Hovey’s Seedling.” One-half of them died, as I 
and means. Soil should never he made deeper than 
can be well “aerated,” and its fertility should com¬ 
mence at least from near the surface, unless the sur¬ 
face consists of very open sand or gravel, of which 
a covering for a border is sometimes advantageously 
made. 
When very deep working is proposed, that is to 
received them so late in he ^on the reminder say, deeper than three feet, a preparatory s ep is 
Uook wire of, and they will soon reward me required. Soil, or rather a mixture 0 earth and 
with about one bushel of fruit More than one-half manures to serve as soil or 
inserted in a very slight cavity. Calyx with small segments, 
and basin of moderate size. Flesh white, buttery, not so 
juicy as tbo Doyenne, but sweet, and of excellent Davor. 
The strong upright reddish-brown shoots, and peculiar 
brownish green appearance of the pear, before ripening, dis¬ 
tinguish this fruit, September. 
CABBAGE I.KTTCCK and IUTU81IB8 — Can von tell me the 
reason why l cannot grew good solid heads of Lettuce as | 
formerly? They now grow loose, and soon run up to seed 
Is the difficulty with the seed, or what is the trouble? What 
is the best way to grow radislieB so that they will not be bard, 
hot and wormy? — Sabah. 
The Cabbage Lettuce, to form good heads, must be sown 
early, so as to make its growth before hot, dry weather. A 
cool, moist soil is the hest, and if a little shaded all the better. 
with about one nnsnei oi tb( , „«,,.eqsarv changes to Kae.h plant must hare sufficient room for its proper develop- 1 
of the berries of Hovey’s Seedling are now over one- o p < , ■ ■ . went Good heads can never he obtained when the plants t,M - 
CAKES AND COOKIES. 
Eos. Rural New-Yorker :—I send you a few 
recipes which 1 know to be good, for I have tested 
most of them 
Fault Cake.— One and one-half lbs. of flour; 1 lb. 
butter; Albs, raisins; 4 lbs. currants; 1 lb. citron; 12 
eggs; 3 oat), cinnamon and cloves; 4 pint brandy. 
Show ham. Cakb.—O ne cup of sugar; 4 cu l> butter; 
1 teaspoonful soda; the whites of 3 eggs. Bake in 
deprived of this favorite fruit. The pears will give 
only a very moderate crop. Louise Bonne de Jersey j B)em j 8 a very rich black loam mixed with manure, 
and Winter Nellis, we observe, are showing finely. Q nr gpr j n g berc is backward. Corn is out of the 
Of apples, we shall have a good crop, though trees in eai .£ b a few inches, and looking very well. A beat 
exposed situations have suffered, and the western bag a heavy growth, and fears are entertained that 
sides of many show the effects of onr cold winds. ^ be straw will be too heavy. *’• A - n - 
Strawberries are doing well. De Witt, Iowa, June 5,1861. 
The Flowering Shrubs now form the most attractive --- 
feature in the flower garden. The Thorns are really poB THE CURRANT WORM, 
beautiful, and we wish all onr readers could see 
them, and learn to appreciate them as they deserve. Ed8 Rural New-Yorker: — The currant worm 
We know no class of shrubs so deserving, so much Clds j g bag oome upon us with all its withering de- 
neglected in this conhtry. The Peonies will be in 8 tn , ct j ven ess, and must necessarily afflict the kind 
They arc, £JSZ. 
hyr„. ItaWoU «T «. SOU,,, .U. 1 , «<• * rcpe .,.0 — 
remedy for the currant worm. 
before it is put below. We often hear of ground 
beiug worked to the depth of five feet- Jo do this 
well is no doubt possible, but not easily practicable. 
We will consider a depth nr four feet only. As a pre¬ 
paratory step, at least two feet thickness of good soil 
must be so well prepared as to he fitted to go below 
two other feet of soil, and to give food and enter¬ 
tainment to the roots of plants with no other atmos¬ 
pheric and upper-region influence than can be, we 
Rural 
New-Yorker: _ The currant worm suppose, very sparingly communicated through the u\no, Marion, Grant Co., la. 
a rn crowded. Radishes fo be tender must make a rapid 
growth, therefore they should not be planted too early in the 
season. They should also be grown In a warm, mellow soil. 
II' your ground is heavy, get a little sandy loam from the 
woods for the radish bed. Of course wo cannot express ao 
opinion in regard to your seeds, not having tested thorn. 
Fruit ami Crocs IN Indiana, Tin' prospect for hay is 
good. Our gvape vines, from present appearance*, will bo 
loaded with grapes, tbw peaches and apples ftra well thinned 
out by the frost; wheat is coming out In head, ami where it 
Is not killed not, looks well. Last, week some were plowing 
corn ami some planting corn. So it goes this spring. 
1 send n leaf and blossom of what we cull Golden Huttons. 
Mv wife wants lo know if that is its right name. — Jaooii 
_* . • . n a r_ 
crisis has come upon us with all its withering de- superincumbent mass. We think the question may, Tho Uower ia the Double Buttercup, (Ranunculus aoris 
Rtructiveneae and must necessarily afflict the kind with propriety, arise, whether this depth of soil may plem>) sometimes called Golden Button and Bachelor’s 
creatures ofmir households who serve up the currant even renusin id a whoi^iw^ Button.- 
perfection in another week. creatures of our households who serve up the currant even reman m a wuu.csumu — ....... ---r- 
The weather is now dry and warm, and after being ; n so mR ny ways to suit our palates. I believe you extremely coarse am open utma on . " 
kept hack so long, vegeta.cn is making rapid pro- havegiven a very ST Supper two feet, or 
gre88 ' -—•—*-a “ lass ” for the patent how to head him in and stop that which by reversement him become so, must be 
TREATMENT OF ANNUALS. 
Annual flowers are every year becoming more 
popular, and vciy deservedly so. What we would do 
without the endless variety of forms and colors fur¬ 
nished us by the Annuals, we cannot say. Tho Ver¬ 
benas and Scarlet Geraniums, and other bedding 
plants, are brilliant and valuable,—we like and grow 
them, but for profusion of flowers of every describa- 
blc form and color, we are obliged to turn to the 
Annuals. Then they are so cheap that every one can 
have them —a dollar’s worth will make a garden 
gay and brilliant the whole season —and they are of 
his rapacity. On that question tho deponent speak- 
eth not confidently, a 3 no very encouraging prospect 
has been given in the Rural heretofore, or in any 
other newspaper that I have seen. But, Mr. Editor, 
what would you give to know how it is done out here 
Button, 
- - » » ♦ » 4 - 
SoilifttlturKl Uotes. 
Ekfrcts or Winter on Quacks, tic.— Mr. Downino writes 
to the Country Gentleman.—" The winter ha« been a severe 
one at Newburgh on exposed grapu vines. Among the best 
varieties, Delaware And Concord are the hardiest, Isabella, 
Catawba, Diane, and Rebecca, are much injured, and to a few 
cases entirely killed. Cherry trees have suffered severely, 
treated as so much barren soil, and will require at to the Country Gentleman.-" The winter has been a severe 
least a period of two years to bring It into perfect one at Newburgh on exposed grape vines. Among 
condition In caBe of a very coarse and open soil, varieties, Delaware and Concord am the hardiest. Lobelia, 
condition, mens. y i Catawba, Dinn* and Rebecca, are much Injured, and in a few 
even for the vine, we can suppose such prepara i c#geg ontlrtd y killed. Cherry trees have suffered severely, 
may be called for and judicious; but uot under ordi- ^ 80|1){t of lb „ oWor tv(U ,„ j f t , ar will not recover, t never 
New Year’s Cake.— Three and one-half lbs. of 
flour; U lb. sugar; \ lh. butter; 1 teaspoouful soda; 
4 pint water. Rub the flour and butter together. 
Dissolve tue sugar in the water. Caraway seed. 
Jelly or Rom. Cake.- Three eggs; l cup sugar; 
1 cup flour; 2 spoonfuls cream tartar; 1 do. soda. 
Cukav Fruit Cake. —One quart of sifted flour; 
14 cups butter; 1 do. sugar; 14 lbs. raisins; l spoon¬ 
ful Boda; 2 do. tartar; spico to taste. 
Gold Cake. — One cup of sugar; i cup cream; 
yolkB of 4 eggs; I teaspoon cream tartar; 4 do. soda; 
14 cup flour. 
Silver Cake. —The whites of 4 eggs; 1 cup sugar, 
white; 4 do. cream; 1 do. butter; 14 cups flour; 1 
teaspoon cream tartar; 4 do. soda. 
Cookies.—O ne cup of rich sour cream; 1 do. white 
sugar; 1 teaspoon soda; nutmeg. 
Lebanon Springs, N. Y Mrs. C. I. Siiumway. 
_ _- 4 * . ♦ i 
STEAMED PUDDING, PORK CAKE. &c. 
Kds. Rural Nicw-Yorkkk: — Having some nice 
recipos for your readers which experience has proved 
WUUu YV UUIU yuu ui < v vw - ---- - ■ - --- - i toatii -- , * " 
in Greece? You mav say proceed to answer your nary circumstances, or such as we are at present 8IIW them so much injured before.” It will be recollected in to bo excellent, l send them herewith: 
MlvvVtV J *• Jt r ,, _ A _ .'.la- . J» A, - IT. .4 . ..r 4Ua « r l«i.. n Alt kRAAh win in a . 
own question. In the first place, then, remove all 
sprouts or suckers that may have coiue up about tho 
currant or gooseberry plants, and cause the ground to 
be smooth and firm near the stem of the bush. The 
next proceeding is to obtain some gas tar, ami with 
an old spoon pour the tar all around the plant as near 
to the stem as is practicable; after this process, or 
called upon to consider. 
For ordinary garden culture, the depth of eighteen 
inches, that we have chiefly spoken of as the least 
that will enable a border to give good results, may be 
safely relied upon for at least twelve years, and with¬ 
out much deterioration for twice that period. This 
supposes the ground from the first to be given 
n J -* . . tv kUC OVVIU WIWWV*VW¥ 4 V, - -. a - - , 1 _ A „ 
such easy culture that the merest novice in gardening wJnd a littlc cotton batting ftronml th c plant entirely to the vines; grass, weeds, or other plants 
What in all our collection of scarce . ’ .._, ... ...... ..,<* 1 , at.ink havimr no occupancy there.— ('. W. Grant, Iona. 
may succeed. What, in all our collection of scarce 
and beautiful plants, will make a more brilliant bed 
than the Portulacca, more sweet than the Ten Week 
Stock, or in Autumn make a more magnificent show 
than the improved Asters. A writer in the London 
Florist, advocating the cultivation of Annuals, thus 
speaks of the proper mode of cultivation: 
*• one reason why annuals are becoming more 
generally grown, is the ease with which they are 
raised, and the very small amount of trouble their 
cultivation entails, compared with the other section, 
the yearly propagation required with geraniums, 
verbenas, Ac.; the potting and planting, the shifting 
and wintering, under expense, care, and appliances 
not within every one’s reach. It will, therefore, 
create no surprise, now that the love for flowers is 
become unusual, to find that those who have not the 
means to grow plants requiring a winter’s care, and 
close to the ground, and theu with a good si/.ed stick haviug no occupancy 
give the bushes a thorough thrashing till the worms 
are all off and on the ground, and you maybe assured MIGNONE 
the worms will do no more havoc until another brood 
comes. It is a late discovery with me, and has Buy a pot of ordi 
MIGNONETTE AS A TREE. 
Bov a pot of ordinary mignonette. This pot will 
our report or the effeota of the winter on grape vinos here, 
we state,1 that (he Delaware and Concord were uninjured. 
\V 11 .mam I’arkv, of Cinnamiiison, New Jersey, writes to 
tho same journal:—*'ft requires great rigilanco he.ro to 
secure a moderate yield of plums, from the ravages of the 
curculio, which have also attacked the few pears that escaped 
the heavy IVost; Hie Seckel, Bartlett, and others of the most 
certain hearing kinds, are generally punctured, and will pro¬ 
duce bat a small quantity of perfect fruit, 
111 b nve bad my attention called to another insect some¬ 
what similar anil about one-fourth the sine of the curculio, 
darker in color, hnrd shell, and a long proboscis, preying 
upon the strawberry buds and blossoms by piercing tho 
stem a little below tho calyx, destroying, in some places, 
from one-half to two thirds the blossoms and small berries; 
VVlUVO* 4 « »•* »» - ----- — -^ / . . _ « , »» VM- ----- - 
proved entirely successful. 1 would further suggest probably contain a tuft composed of many plants, yet from the large quantity planted, aqd the Increased at ten 
„ utift' nnner muv ho fitted around the tree, and the produced from seeds. Dull up all but one; and, as Uou to cultivation, there will he a good supply of the fruit, 
m/k •• -- -- 1 x mi iur iur *** —. ’ 1 '* 4k«. Ii i«Uv 
of this treatment, will put out a multitude of young | A „t year, yot the vines In some places have not stood the liquor through a sieve, and press it turotlg t < J 1 - y 
best for the trees, also attended with far less trouble, they are about three inches and a half long. 
gardens attractive and gay through the summer, 
which they can do with littlc trouble and small cost. 
An ordinary garden soil, well dug and loosened, and 
a few shilling’s worth of seeds, ai-o a trilling matter, 
compared to the cultivation of ordinary bedding 
plants. Nor should we omit to notice another reason 
bearing on oar subject, which carries with it a strong 
motive for the increasing interest now felt for this 
class. Annuals, like other popular flowers, have 
becu greatly improved by careful cultivation and 
judicious hybridizing. The horticulturist soon per¬ 
ceives when a class of plants is susceptible of 
improvement through this agency, and advantage is 
quickly taken of the fact; to this result the many 
that a stiff paper may be fitted around the tree, and the produced from seeds. Dull up all but one; and, as lIon to cultivation, then, will ho a good supply of the fruit, 
tar pnt upon that, as it would be necessary to remove the mignonette is one of the most rustic of plants, whil!b te now commencing to ripen. 
. r P ,.i fln t a* I* rnirrl.t do harm which may be treated without any delicacy, the sin- “Raspbovvlow, of #11 the loading sorts, have stood tbn 
the tar from around the plant, as it might Jotan. 'jn y middle of the pot may be winter well; am filled with fruit buds, and making a vigor- 
Before mailing the foregoing paragraph, I thought. K - 1 ... , t . . . . ThU oua growth of foliage, and give promise of nn abundant 
best to test the experiment in the use of soft soap, by rigorously trimmed, leaving only one shoot This *’ 
applying it freely with a brush to thc lower part of shoot you must atta< 1 to a b cn u & a o w 1 0 Blackberries are doing well. Tbo Dorchester being the 
the tree, from thc ground upwards, three or font osier. The extremity of this shoot will put forth a pftrlU||t and most hardy variety, is uowln bloom, and every 
inches. The latter application was tried on currant buueh of flower buds, that must be cut oil entirely, MU , n p ,.,. ftc t condition. The New Rochelle, which in relied 
bushes that were overlooked when the firBt expert- leaving not a single bud. The stulk, in consequence on f()r tUe ma | n crop, has a much better show of fruit than 
ment was made Both applications have proved efTec- of this treatment, will put out a multitude of young last year, yot tho vines In some places have not stood the 
merit was made. Doth applications nave p v u mTOt bo aU owed to develop freely until winter well. Tho Cut-Leaved, or Rebus Iwelntetm, is still 
tual. Ihe soap experiment l think tho saLst an I •• , . ■ uerfectlv hardy and Is making a fine show 
best for the trees, also attended with far less trouble, they are about three inches and a halt long. I her. Uteri" Hpmtag, P-iocCy bardy.a, 
The above application must be made two or three select out of those, four, six, or eig , uomiu mg ,o uThe crop of small fruits will go far toward supplying lb« 
days in succession to make a thorough work, and the strength or the plant, with equal spaces between defl( ,, ency in thoae onarger growth, such as apples, pears, 
repeated as often as the scamps appear. H. n. l. them. Now, with a slcndpr rod of white osier, or ()( , RcheH and p i umB) all of which will ho very scarce hero 
iirecce June &th, 1861. better, with a piece of whnSeb.mo, ma^e a hoop, and lhlll BeaBOn .u 
* --- * attach your shoots to it, ’Supported at the proper Fruit _ Iu d0 art ftrB we more deficient than 
CULTURE OF THE VINE.—NO. II. ^ height. When they have grown two or t i.ee inc its that or packing fruit so that it maybe carried a long distance 
longer, and are going b« bloom, BUpport them by a without injury. Three-fourths or all nkr summer fruit* sent 
preparation of the soil. second hoop, like the first. Let them bloom; but to market any conshlerablu distance l* more orI kih injured. 
tako oR the seed pods before they have time to form, j ndecd| much that ia brought to cities tpr growers only a low 
The preparation of tlie border may bo effected in a or the plant may perish. It will not be long before miles distant is scarcely fit for sale. Occasionally fruits »ro 
variety of ways, according to circumstances, and the new shoots will appear just below the places where sent u« with a request to exhibit them at our Horticultural 
end to be accomplished. the flowers were. From among these new shoots, Show*, but in moat cases the '“J 1 " J "" 
. , , . . . . . „ „ , rornived ns to he entirely unfit, to show Mr. Klim, garuenei 
1st. To prepare one of eighteen inches in depth, choose the one on each branch which tfl m the best ^ ^ Mttrqnls9 f broauaijiank, who sends fruit and flowers 
This may be done by '* trenching ” with a spade; and situation to replace what you have nipped oil. Little th(J gftrd(Jn n ,, ar Hampton Court, F-ngland, to the High 
to commence it, a trench of about eighteen inches in by little, the principal stalk, ami also the branches, reg | denc0 n f tho Marquis, subject to five hundred miles 
dentil and the same width is made; if tho subsoil is will become woody, and your mignonette will no carr | aga) is so successful in packing that he can semi 
Steamed Pudding.— One quart sour milk; 2 eggs; 
1 cup sugar; 1 cup fruit; heaping teaspoonful soda; 
a little salt, aud flour enough to make a stilf batter. 
Put it in a basin, tie a cloth over tight, and steam 
two hours. 
Soft Ginger Cake.—O ne cup molasses; 4 cop hot 
water; 2 tablespoout'ols butter; 2 tublespooufuls sour 
milk; heaping teaspoonful soda; tableapoonful gin¬ 
ger; (lour to make a thin batter. 
Pork Cake.—H aving noticed in your colnrans 
several times, recipeq for making pork cake, 1 find 
the usual quantity of molasses and sugar used Is one 
I cup of molasses and two cups of sugar. If those of 
your readers who use that quantity will reverse it, 
they will find a much more moist cake, and I think 
it a great improvement. Hai.uk. 
Corfu, (Jen. Co. T N» Y., 1861* 
RnuBAUB JkiiIjY*— Prepare the plant as lor sauce, 
cutting it up into small pieces, putting it into a pan 
with a small quantity of water, and boiling it until 
perfectly soft. Then remove from tho fire, drain the 
gloss erections, fall back on annuals to make their The above application must be made two or three select out nf those, four, six, or eight., sun.otiling to 
gardens attractive and gay through the summer, d jn HUCCC 8 S i on to make a thorough work, and the strength of the plant, with equal spaces between 
..4 ..... a • • _w _.. ,. 1 l *■' .. W.T _ _ ;a 1 v a, aI.hiIava inn! nrlnfii Auiiir AT' 
repeated as often as the scamps appear. 
Greece, June &th, 1861. 
U. N. L, 
them. Now, with a Blcndpr rod of white OBier, or 
better, with a piece of *ha fiebono, make a hoop, and 
CULTURE OF THE VINE.-NO. II. 
PREPARATION OF THE SOIL. 
The preparation of the border may bo effected in a 
variety of ways, according to circumstances, and the 
end to be accomplished. 
1st. To prepare one of eighteen inches in depth. 
This may be done by “trenching” with a spade; and 
to commence it, a trench of about eighteen inches in 
splendid varieties of annuals which year by year are dei , t ,li, and tho same width is made; if tho subsoil is 
brought Into notice are owing. Both in this country grave Hy | aut l not retentive of water, the top soil of 
attach your shoots to it,'supported at the proper 
height. When they have grown two or three inches 
" longer, and are going l" bloom, Bupport thorn by ft 
second hoop, like the first. Let them bloom; but 
tako oO' the seed pods before they have time to form, 
1 or the plant may perish. It will not be long before 
5 new shoots will appear just below the places where 
the flowers were. From among these new shoots, 
choose the one on each branch which ia in the hest 
i situation to replace what you have nipped off. Little 
l by little, the principal stalk, and also the branches, 
s will become woody, and your mignonette will no 
bag. For every pint of the liquor, weigh one aud a 
half pounds of sugar, which should be boiled sepa¬ 
rately until nearly ready to form candy, and then 
mixed with the liquor. Boil together moderately, 
keeping It well skimmed, until the jelly falls Irom the 
skimmer in sheets. It may be removed then from tho 
lire, put in convenient jars for keeping, and Hollered 
to stand one day to cool. The jars should then be 
covered with paper in the usual manner and set away 
until wanted wanted for use. 
CirEAP Beer.—A very good, palatable, wholesome 
beer, may be obtained from acorns and hops. It is 
slightly sparkling, eminently tonic, and a febrifuge. 
The acorns are steeped in water for fifteen or twenty 
day«, the water being renewed four or five times; 
they aro then transferred to a cask, hops are added, 
the cask tilled op with water, and the bunghole 
and on the continent, great attention has of late lh|J adjoining eighteen inches may be thrown into extremities, which will bloom all the year without 
years been paid to the object ol'obtaining improved Bl o bottom of thc trench, constantly mingling a little interruption. It will bo truly a tree mignonette, 
varieties from Heed, as may bo seen by comparing the miiuur0 w ; tb j t llM it ia pulverized and thrown in, living for an indefinite period ; for, with proper 
advance in asters, phloxes, zinnias, stocks, tropseo- omi ui n g what is technically called drainage. If the treatment, a tree mignonette will live from twelve 
lums, lobelias, and many other genera of aunuals; gabsoi | ; 3 retentive, but the ground bus some degree to fifteen years. I have seen them in Holland double 
and looking at the magnificent dianthus now figured, ()f [„ c ij na ti 0 n, loosening the subsoil with a pick will this Age.—Parlor Gardener. 
having been obtained by the eflorts of Japanese gencru ny afford snllicient drainage unless there is an- - - ♦ ■- »-- 
gardeners from the weU known Chinese pink, we extraord i nary supply of water, which must be dis- ^ „ijrnfT ^tt(S11T(*PC 
may refer our readers to both the plates of annuals f We will sunnose the fertile soil has a ;yHqUHU,4 UUtt <-C\WPHrtAP. 
longer be an herbaceous plant, except at its upper f u || y r jpe tomatoas “without losing a fruit,” and bouquets |j gb t]y covered, but not stopped, aH there is an escape 
varieties from Heed, as may bo seen by comparing the 
advance in asters, phloxes, zinnias, stocks, tropsco- 
lums, lobelias, and many other genera of annuals; 
and looking at the magnificent dianthus now figured, 
having been obtained by the eflorts of Japanese 
gardeners from the well known Chinese pink, we 
may refer oor readers to both the plates oi annuals 
given in onr present number as conclusive evidence 
of the improvement which has taken place in the 
families they represent. 
But to grow annuals as they should be grown, and 
to develop their habit and beauty, the ground for 
them should be both deep and rich, (as is necessary 
for all rapid growing plants,) and the plants should 
manure with it as it is pulverized and thrown in, 
omitting what is technically called drainage. If the 
subsoil is retentive, but the ground has some degree 
of inclination, loosening the subsoil with a pick will 
generally afford snllicient drainage unless there is an 
extraordinary supply of water, which must be dis¬ 
posed of. We will suppose the fertile soil has a 
depth of one foot. There will then he half a foot of 
unfertile subsoil to be put upon the top and made 
fertile by manure, or be taken away and fertile soil 
substituted. To make the border ready immediately, 
the latter is the course to pursue. The addition may 
be made of rich, partially decomposed sods from 
pasture, roadside, or meadow. A good way to pre- 
that when received will bo as fresh as wl.on first picked. Il« 
gives his method of packing fruit as fellows: — “ I havo found 
no better method in all my experience,'which bus extended 
ever a period of twenty years, with all kinds of fruit, varying 
in distance from fifty to live hundred miles. U simply is — 
box, soft paper, and sweet bran A box is chosen, in size, 
according to the quantity to bo sent. A layer of bran is put 
at the bottom; then each bunch of grapes is held by the 
hand over the center of a sheet of paper; tho four coroers of 
of gas. In fifteen «r twenty days the beer is fit to 
drink, and as fast as It is drawn ofT, fresh water may 
be poured on. Tho cost Is less than threepence per 
gallon. It would supply four or live persons for 
eight months with a very excellent beverage. — Lon¬ 
don paper. 
-— 
New Way of Boilino Fish.—T he addition of a 
Tine i'KAit.— I have a pear which I th'mk the Ouinhed. Then HU the whole over With, orun, auu give vue 
Ituffam, but I am uot certain, owing to a little confusion . a gb akc as you proceed. Begin the second layer 
caused by loss of labels. It Is something like the Viegatim, __ ....tH the box is comnletod. Thus, 
the paper are brought up to tho «Ulk, and nicely secured; and vegetables in tbe water gives a very 
caused by Iush or labels. It Is somottung line uio virgoim, ” , until tbe box is completed. Thus, 
and the tree makes an erect growth, and where a little *« first - , ‘ n<1 80 on ’ uut '" Uie OOX , , p ^ 
crowded I think it would run up like the Lombardy Poplar, with neat bauds, tho bloom is preserved, and may b sen > 
Please describe the Puttam, for if mine i» of this variety I uny distance; but, with clumsy hands, quite the contrary, 
be treated as individuals requiring generous treat- p are t b( , 8e j n quantity ia to turn over with a plow 
ment We remember the time when a ring formed and | ea ve for a few weeks to decompose. A better 1 
with the finger round a 32-sized flower pot in the way j 8i u rter they have been turned over until the 1 
loose soil of the border was the common way of com- gmsg is killed, to break up coarsely and form into 1 
mitting seed of annuals to the ground. Here they bctt p 8 0 p aboU t two feet in thickness, with the addi- -j 
remained to grow, and after an ineffectual struggle tion of some stable manure, at least considerably 
for more room, spindle upwards into bloom, when ro tted, if the soil is for immediate use. While lying 
the first fortnight’s dry weather closed their career. j n tb i 8 condition, a thorough wetting, either by rain 
What figure, let os ask, would Mons. Truffaut’s grand or otherwise, will be very advantageous. This may 
asters cut with such treatment as this? Or what the be aged to fill up the remaining six inches of the 
splendid zinnias, tropacolums, and larkspurs, which trench, hut better to place it at the bottom and the 
form such striking objects when grown singly in g ardcn H oil upon the top. The sods, if only wanted 
good soil, if they had been left to starve, at the rate j n gma ll quantities, may be cut with a spade, and 
of 60 plants per square foot of ground? No; annuals, ma y also be used immediately by placing grass side 
to do justice to them, must be treated individually as down j n the trench, using manure or compost as may 
we treat a specimen plant, and then you get a freedom be required. Which is the better course for the vines 
of growth combined with a profusion of bloom; and j 8 obvious. If the sods are taken with tbe spade, it 
what is more, the deeper and richer the soil, the w in be well to Ioobcu the ground first with a pick, 
longer they will continue in perfection." that they may be partially broken, which will favor 
-- rapid decomposition, 
CULTURE OF THE BLACK CURRANT. a good border may be most simply made by the 
- addition of half a foot of rich, well-pulverized soil— 
Mes8R8. Editors:— I notice in a late number of tbe g r3 t f 00 t being previously well worked over with 
the Rural, some inquiries respecting the culture of p j ow or spade — manure being spread upon it before 
the Black Currant. Having bad some experience the working according to need. In passing, it may 
with them, l agree with yourself, that the “ Black be remarked, that the best soil for all additions and 
NapleB ” is the only reliable variety now grown, amendments, is that made from broken and decom- 
Last spring (18C0) I ordered, among other shrubbery p 0Bed 80 ds, or into which they largely enter, 
from your city, (nursery of Frost A Co., I think,) j n a well-prepared border of the above depth, if 
six roots of the above named kind. They were set t he soil is pretty fine and rather compact by nature, 
out late in April, and attained a vigorous growth vines will do well for a great number of years. After 
during the summer. I hoed them aa I did potatoes tbe y b egin to give fruit, an autumnal dressing of 
and corn, and threw close about them fine manure, ma nure very lightly worked in before winter, and 
(not chips.) This spring they were the first of any- a g a j n worked to the depth of four or live incheB in 
want to know It. tt is an e.xcullqnt pear, just riiflit for the 
farmer, hardy and healthy, and cau l»- grown nearly us easily anl1 olten ui 
and as cheap us apples — M. It. I*., Jackson Co., Mich. out of the t 
You have the fiuffam, no doubt, aud do not apeak too 1 have, mvu 
highly of its many good qualities. Many of the new. and and fifty Or 
highly praised aorta have uot half its merits, tt is a great * u 'l receive 
aud regular bearer, of good quality, uod an yon truly observe, arrived as x 
just right for the farmer’s orchard. We give an outline of moruiug.” 
and often an entirn failure, «» the pulling in and the taking 
out of the box are tho most important points to be observed. 
I have, invariably, packed mxty or eighty bunches of Grapes, 
and fifty or sixty dozens of Peachea or Apricots in one box, 
and received letL-m from employers, to say that they have 
arrived m safe as if they had been takeu from the trees that 
the fruit, and a description from Downing. 
nice flavor to the fish. Add, according to taste, a 
little sliced onions, thyme, bayleaf, winter savory, 
carrots, celery, cloves, mace, using whichever of 
these ingredients yon cun procure; it greatly im¬ 
proves skate, fresh haddocks, gurnet, Ac. h resh- 
water fish, which have no particular flavor, are 
preferable done thus, with the addition of a little 
vinegar. Choose whatever sauces you please for any 
of the above fish. 
Baked Indian Puddinji.— Here is a recipe for 
baked Indian pudding, which suits my taste exactly, 
(thc pudding, 1 mean.) Four quarts sweet milk; l 
pint of meal; h eggs; 1 teaspoon of salt. Sweeten 
and spice to suit the taste. Boil one-third of the 
milk, and with It Bcald the meal, then add the cold 
milk. Beat the eggs aud remaining ingredients 
Fruit Growers- Sockty ok Wkstkun New Youa-The mutea main., puuu.ug, ■»*» -y —» —v 
June meeting of this Society will be hold at Syracuse, on the (thc pudding, 1 mean.) Fonr quarts sweet milk , 1 
25th of the present month. The farmers und fruit growers pint of meal; r i eggs; 1 teaspoon of salt. Sweeten 
of Central New York we hope will attend this meeting in and gpjee to suit the taste. Boil one-third of the 
large numbittB, for it is rather discouraging to those who m j|| {| and w ith It scald the meal, then add the cold 
leave their lioineuaud travel hundreds or miles for tbe pur tn |ij c> p ctt t the eggs and remaining ingredients 
pose of taking part in tho discussions, to find that Tew living „ e ther and stir them into tbe batter. Bake moder- 
Within an hour’s ride feel sufficient Interest in the to hours.-J. J. H., Colon, N. K, 1861. 
give it an hour of their time. Some of our Syracuse friends aieiy lor ^_^ ^ 
wo know will do all In their power to make the meeting ^ ^ . . .. 
pleasant and profitable To Whiten Linen. Stains occasioned by fruit, 
_ . . a i_AnriflAK mini Viii HomnvDn 
1 AI1UW Will UU Oili IM p v - -- — _ 
easaut and profitable To Whiten Linen.-S tains occasioned by fruit 
iron rust, and other similar causes, may be removed 
Pksuuctivknbssoe Tim Dklawarb Grape.—M r. Charles by applyin#? to the parts injured a weak solution of 
Bowning writes to the American Ayncullurist that he ^ chlorido 0| - l ime — 
planted, five years ago, one each of the Rebecca, Itaabe, washed -C 
Delaware, Hartford Prolific. Concord, and Edinburgh grape, viously well was ltd 
in a continuous row, the cultivation, etc,, being the same; salts of lemon m watei. 
and so far the Deiawao- has yielded more fruit than any one operation should be subi 
of the others. In September laBt, we saw these vines on Mr. c j eari warm water, wil 
Downing’s place, at Newburgh, all In fine condition, but n d j a teiy dried in the sun. 
will he seeu by another article that most varieties have suf _^ , 
fered severely from the past hnrd winter. Mold in Lard — Bl 
the chloride of lime —thc cloth having been pre¬ 
viously well washed or of soda, oxalic acid, or 
salts of lemon in water. The parts subjected to this 
operation should be subsequently well rinsed in soft, 
clear, warm water, without soap, and be imme- 
Fkoits Kkckivkd.— From Ransom North aur, Webster, 
N. y.,a collection of apples. They had b«en kept so long as 
not to he in a fit condition for examination when received, 
and before we had time to test them several varieties had 
Mold in Lard — Black Cherry Wine. —Can 
some of the numerous readers of the Rural tell ine 
what to do with my lard, or what ails it? It is get¬ 
ting pink and purple spote of mold all through it, 
and I cannot account tor it. Also, will some one 
six roots of the above named kind. Tbey were ret tbe so jj i B pretty fine and rather compact by nature, \ / Baldwin; 14 Monmouth Pippin, These are all of which we 
out late in April, and attained a vigorous growth vines will do well for a great number of years. After 'v could give a decided opinion, l wo and 8 were not ee o 
during the summer. I hoed them aa 1 did potatoes tbey beg i n to give fruit, an autumnal dressing of -^ Further, nor 13 Canada Rcnctte . 
and corn, and threw close about them fine manure, manure very lightly worked in before winter, and how to Make Seeds Oieu*iNATis.-It is stated by M. Andro 
(not chips.) This spriDg they were the first of any- again wor ked to tbe depth of four or live incheB in bokkak pear. Un>y Uiat oatu ,. ally pro t«cted by a fatty or oily pulp, 
thing in my garden to put forth buda and leaves, and early 8 pnng, will keep tbe ground in constantfertility. Th(j Bn „ am i(i a nat ivc of Rhode Island, and from its gen- u ' fty hn r(!ad ;j y Dllu i e to germinate, by crushing tbe pulp in 
are at the present time loaded with fruit, aud are cer By the same process a border of two feet in depth 0ral re8e mblance to the Doyenne, Ills, no doubt, a seedling potiMlb wa t«. ri aod afterwards rubbing the needs in sand, 
tainly four timeB the size they were when received. may be ma de, or even two feet and a half. The addi- 0 f that flue sort, tt Is an orchard pear of the first quality, aa Thm)(j of mttKDO ) ia8i hollies, yews, and tho like, which will 
I have „ doubttbat difference iaooll, olimate, Ac, lion o( .be loo. will more .tab dooble the =*peo«, 
dll') UUIU* o nv .. till 
decayed No 1 was Roxbury Russet; lo, II, and we think 9, g j ve me a good recipe for making black cherry wine, 
■7 _ n .f _ . -»-r rt ff If .V f * ./. 10/11 
and oblige—A New Houbkwike, Howell, Mich., 18G1. 
- 4 • » # * ♦ 
Fish in Oven, in Tin I)ihh.— A long, square tin 
dieli, like those for baking, may be used for this ex¬ 
cellent mode of cooking tish, by which all the flavor 
and succulence of it is preserved. They may be had 
of all sizes, and at a very trifling expense.— Soyer's 
I have no doubt that difference in soil, climate, <fcc., tion of the foot will more than double the expense, 
may affect them somewhat, aud although I may be but in this latitude, and under favorable cii'cum- 
J « j ar.: ... J K w, A tt 
mav be made, or even two feet and a half. The addi- 0 f that flue sort, tt Is an orchard pear of tho first quality, as Thow> 0 f magnolias, hollies, yews, and tho like, which will Cookery fur the People. 
3 ..... • « X ..._1 Ia, A AW. Mil In. DMA. a . .A _I., a/ M.A M n .itk,.nl mi.iuln*# 
able to raise an abundance of my “ favorite ” here, 
yet onr friend in Maine may be disappointed. We 
have here an uncommonly rich virgin soil, and pos¬ 
sessing food peculiar to the growth of many kindB of 
shrubbery, which is not the case in many of the old 
Eastern States. I would advise our friend to order 
some of the true Black Naples, and give them a trial. 
stances, will be judicious and profitable. And if blH )n 
made to tbe depth of three feet, where permanence 
and best results are a leading consideration, the 
additional cost will never be regretted, Fr ’ u 
A grave error often occurs in the preparation of on „ ^ 
borders where deep working with its object ia not a ne i y 
it Is a very strong, upright grower, bears large, regular crops, ofu . n , ie lo th „ ground f„ r a couple of years without growing,-„ . ^ - -- 
and is a very handsome and salable fruit. It ia a little varia- comt „ 0 r 8 ftd ii y after having been thus treated.— Card. Sponge Fried Cakes._ Two teacups of sugar; 4 
ble in quality. We have frequently eaten them so fine as _ _. j cup 8Weet milk; 1 teaspoonful soda; 1 do. 
whirlatW^nripiiL^may be K lonsidered a beautiful and Grapb Stakes.- The farmer and Gardener says small cream tartar. Add spice.—H et Dike, Medina, N. V. 
. . -1.. — 4.onn f.t uuinmntririll fOITfl. IQ&kO 6XCCJ1 l^nt SlttkCR OT A. « ^ - a— - ■ 
good, though not first rate variety. Mdar wees 01 • 
Fruit of medium size, oblong obovate, a little smaller on trellises for grape vines Cut them down, out ine ^ . g ^ ^ the pulp 0 f potatoes scraped into 
>6 side. Skin fair, deep yellow, (brownish green at first,) smaller branches, hut cart- u y ® ““^with rines water, cleanses the finest kinds of silks without in- 
lely suffused over half the fruit, with bright red, sprinkled ting them to a pyramidal shape. When covered with vines, ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 
Sponge Fried Cakes.—T wo teacups of sugar; 4 
eggs; 1 cup sweet milk; 1 teaspoonful soda; 1 do. 
cream tartar. Add spice.—H et Dike, Medina, N. Y. 
well understood. 
LI VI VI Aa A AA f-y IT 1 VIA AAA# ~ A -W . AAA — UUCIJ V# . w- -» • ' 
The fertile soil, with- or without I with small brown dots, or a little russet. Stalk an inch long, I they are quite ornamental. 
