m 
fL 
father bad Buffered had aroused his pride, and he had weight as the Berkshires. He regards the Chester 
determined to recover. A neighbor told me that Whites as excellent, but has had h tie or no expen- 
there was another motive; they were determined to ence with them. The average market price for pork 
pay their father’s indebtedness, which they have here has been from $4 to S5.50 per cwt, net. Sheep 
since done. There were twenty-five years when are regarded more profitable than hogs, 
neither hot weather nor cold prevented Isaac; from mules. 
attending to bis business. He has frequently rode 24 what does it cost to keep a mule until it is three 
hours, only stopping long enough to eat his meals. yearB ol(J? 
Said he had rode from Chicago home, 1»0 miles, “ Do not know; never calculated. But it does not 
Btarting one morning, and reaching home the next cw i as much as it docs to raise at steer. The past three 
morning in time for eariy breakfast, getting no sleep 
except such as he secured on his horse. He once 
made a trip to Missouri, being gone 77 days —sixty- 
six days and nights of which he was out of doors, 
constantly watching and driving cattle. He drove 
the first drove of cattle and swine to Milwaukee, 
Galena, and Chicago. And he was the first Illinois 
drover who drove cattle to Ohio. Said he had driven 
hogs to Galena when there was no house after leaving 
Peoria, until within 15 miles of Chicago. But we 
must skip over the experiences, and state the results, 
as we find them to-day. 
SIZE AND STOCK OF THE FARM. 
Eighty acres of land were first purchased; the 
brothers, however, were here long before the lands 
came in market, and consequently occupied a great 
range. Isaac and Absalom continued to operate in 
company until 1841, when they dissolved partnership 
and Absalom removed to Chicago, where he has since 
died. The home farm now consists of 20,500 acres 
in one body. There ve 6,000 acres more in the 
county, making altogether 25,500 acres owned by 
him, in this oounty of McLean. About half of this 
land was purchased at Government prices; the other 
half at prices ranging from $5 to SS-'i0 per acre. The 
most of this land is paid for. A recent purchase of 
$00,000 worth of land, from the Illinois Central Hail- 
road Company, is not quite paid for. During the 
present year payment will be completed. The stock 
on the farm to-day (July 10th,) is as follows;- 1,000 
beef cattle, ready for market, where thoy will be 
driven as fust as the market will warrant; 200 cows 
with calves; 400 stock cattle; 500 sheep of the mid¬ 
dle class of wool; 500 head of swine, beside the pigs 
which he does not count; 240 horses and mules, one 
year old and upwards, and CO sacking colts. He has 
2,000 acres under the plow, 000 acres in meadows, 
and the balance inclosed for pasture. Three thou¬ 
sand acres of those pasture lands are in tame grasses— 
blue grass, timothy, clover, and red top. In seeding 
for pasture, he would seed with timothy, clover, and 
red top. The blue grass comes in naturally here, and 
runs all other grasses out. MeadowB are quickly 
ruined by it, and have to he plowed. In the East, 
timothyfin a meadow quickly runs clover out; here 
the clover is the strongest and longest lived. It. 
triumphs over the timothy. Blue grass pastures are 
very valuable for fall, winter, and early spring pas- 
turage, but they should not be fed during the summer 
when they are to bo bo used. Horses and mules 
winter well ou blue grass— half the winter, fre¬ 
quently they get nothing else. Sheep cost little if 
they have such pasture; they frequently live on it 
exclusively. Mr. Funk thinks sheep, with proper 
accommodations for shelter, and with an abundance 
of blue grass pasture, would pay a larger per centum 
profit on the amount of capital invested, than any 
other kind of stock, except mules. But ho has never 
entered largely into the handling of sheep, because 
they require more care and involve a greater amount 
of labor than he could command; in short, as he 
expressed it, he has “never been fixed for It.” He 
believes cattle, all in all, give more profit than hogs 
— that is, it pays better to feed and market them on 
the whole — because the market is more stable and 
uniform. Mules are the best paying stock—better 
than cheep, on the same amount of capital invested. 
HOW HE WINTERS CATTLE. 
Mr. Punk usually winters over from 700 to 1,000 
head of cattle, and stall-feeds for early spring market 
from 300 to 500 bead. He markets his stall fed cattle 
about the first of April. Ho buys cattle all the time, 
whenever he can do so profitably. Those he sells in 
the summer and fall are generally three yeai-s old. 
The class he stall-feeds are generally four years old. 
The Eastern reader will think it u queer kind of stall 
feeding, when he is assured that not one of these 
animals go inside a stall or are tied up during the 
winter. A little further on we will give Isa ac Funk s 
definition of stall-feeding. He prefers to buy cattle 
(steers) the spring they are two years old. They 
usually coat then, if good ones, from $18 to $25 per 
head. These are kept one summer, one winter, and 
the half the next summer, when they are in condi¬ 
tion to market, and will average from $15 to $52 per 
head, lie winters his cattle on shocked corn. The 
steers that are to be wintered through and marketed 
in mid summer are “ strong-fed.” Those that are to 
go to market the last Of March or first of April, arc 
“ stall-fed.” The difterenoe in the two modes of feed¬ 
ing is that the bullock that is being stall-fed gets all 
'he can eat and a good deal more, while the one that 
is strong-fed, gets enough to keep him thriving finely 
nil winter — gaining in flesh, and growing too. The 
com is drawn from the field on wagons, to the pas¬ 
ture or lot where the cattle are herded. One man 
feeds from 75 to 100 head. And this care occupies 
him from early morning till late at night. He rises 
and cats breakfast by candle light, and draws corn 
with from two to four yoke of oxen — the amount of 
team depending upon the condition of the soil—all 
day, and returns and eats his supper by candle light 
again. Mr. Funk says the true way to feed is to pro¬ 
vide two fields for each compuuy of cattle. Feed thp 
cattle in one field to-day, and in the second to-mor¬ 
row; to morrow turn one hog for every strong-fed, or 
two hogs for each stall-fed animal into the field in 
which the cattle were fed to-day; changing each day, 
the hogs following the cattle. He says one acre of 
good corn will winter one bullock if strong-fed; if 
stall-fed it will require one acre and a half per | 
bullock. The cattle have no other feed, and no pro¬ 
tection, except timber, if theyjhappen to be feeding 
near it. Salts his stuck with this feed about, every 
third day, and provides them plenty of w ater. Beef, 
if fit to go to the New York market, sells here at $3 
to $4 per cwt., gross; packing cattle at $2 to $2.60 
per cwt., gross. He has not marketed cattle in 
Chicago in four years. It used to be his market. 
When he ships East it is via Joliet cut-off, through 
Michigan and via the Suspension Bridge to Albany 
and New York. 
SWINE — BREEDS AND MANAGEMENT. 
I have indicated above the way the swine arc fed. 
They are mainly bred here on the place. The present 
stock consists of a mixture of Irish Grazier, Bedford, 
Byfield, and Berkshire. Objection is made to the 
Berkshire because they do not cross well with com¬ 
mon hogs; neither do they dress as heavy an many 
’ other breeds. The Byfields are liked better-a good 
deal better. The leaf-lard in the Bylield will weigh 
nearly or quite double that of the Berkshire. The 
: Bylield will not cat as much in proportion to their 
yearB, a good fair average mule has been worth $130. 
A part of the time he would bring more. These 
figures are for an average mule, when thirty or forty 
are sold together. A good one would bring more 
than that. Mr. Funk feeds them on shocked corn, 
hay, and sheaf oats. They are never stabled. If the 
winter is open they will live half the time on blue 
grass pasture without other feed. When sheaf oats 
are fed, they are ent; but it is not profitable to ent 
the sheaf fine in a cutting-box. It is found that if it 
is cut three or four times with a broad-ax or 
hatchet, the mules eat it with a better reliBb, and cut 
it up cleaner, than if cut finer. The mares from 
which ho breeds mules arc never fed corn at all. JIc 
has mares ten years old that have never tasted corn. 
A good sized mule is one fifteen bands high, if made 
proportionally. Mr. F. thinks such an one is worth 
more than a larger one. He finds them longer lived 
than horseB. Places their average age at 25 to 3U 
years in this country. A good Jack here costs from 
$500 to $800. 
GRAIN GROWING. 
But little wheat or oats are grown on thiB farm. 
Corn is the principal crop cultivated. Mr. Funk is 
down on wheat culture; and down on growing grain 
of any kind to draw to market. He says a man 
worth five or six thousand dollars may soon sink it 
in wheat-growing. And he asserted that if a man 
grows a crop of corn yearly, and being too poor to 
buy stuck and feed it, sells it in the shock on the 
ground where grown, at 16 cents per bushel, he will 
be worth at the end of five years, double the money 
that his neighbor will who grows the same amount 
of coi n and draws it live miles and sells it at 25 cents 
per bushel. Why? 
“ Because the man who draws the corn five miles 
loses time, labor, wear and tear of team and wagons, 
gets his money in driblets, and it goes in driblets; at 
the end of five years it is ail gone. I tell you it is 
better to sell it at 16 cents at home and not move it, 
than to move it five miles. It costs more than the 
extra 10 cents, to move it, in the end. It does not 
pay to draw grain. True, a few years ago, some men 
grew wheat and got $1.50 per bushel for it; but had 
they been compelled to take 25 cents for it, they 
would have been better off to-day. They would not 
have spent all they had in trying to grow more. The 
wealthiest parte of Ohio, to-day, are those parts 
where the farmers could not market their grain, and 
were compelled to put it into stock. So it is in 
Illinois.” 
TENANTS AND IJIRED MEN. 
A good deal of his land is rented to tenants. When 
the tenant has teams and tools of his own, and boards 
himself, he pays the landlord two-fifths of the corn 
in the shock and two-fifths of the small grain in the 
half bushel. When the landlord furnishes the tools 
and teams, lie receives one-half in all cases. If the 
landlord furnishes the team, lie provides food for it 
the first season, or until the tenant can make a crop, 
when the latter feeds from his share of the products 
of the laud. Mr. Funk says no man can afford to 
hire men to grow and market grain at present prices. 
Men do not half work; few earn the money they 
exact; at present prices of grain, none do. He thinks 
if men got less wages they would lay up more money, 
lie has worked many months at $8 and $10 per 
month. But men worked then. Mr. F. deprecated, 
in strong terms, the apparent effort of young mem to 
live without labor. The principle of labor, the law 
of service, he believed to underlie all prosperity, and 
form the base of the integrity of a people. He dis¬ 
covers much that is hopeful in the fact that capital 
and talent are both being turned into the channels of 
Agriculture — that the world has begun to recognize 
the complex character of a business upon which 
depends all progress. On this subject, and on the 
importance of a recognition of this principle of labor 
l>y all men, no matter their wealth or position, be 
talked long, forcibly and well. 
HOG CHOLERA, 
He has never bad any cases of this disease on his 
place, although cases have been reported within six 
or eight miles of here. Thinks the disease is easier 
prevented than cured. He would not herd them in 
close pens. Would teed sulphur, copperas and ashes, 
and provide them with fresh grass and good water. 
Good sweet grass and a wide range are essential to 
good health. If confined close in damp places, with 
access to the black soil of slough, they are sure to 
become diseased. The black slough soil is poison to 
swine; fattening hogs do much better on a yellow 
clay soil than upon the black soil of our prairies. 
BLOODY MURRAIN. • 
This disease has trouhled his herds more than any 
other. Some think it brought on by a sudden change 
in the condition — from a poor to a fleshy state, and 
that thus the blood vessels are affected. Mr. Funk 
thinks poor water the cause in some instances; and 
the manner and condition in which the animal isfed, 
in others. A good preventive is wood ashes and sul¬ 
phur led with salt. He does not think there is any 
help for the animal after it is once positively dis¬ 
eased. The best remedy is to give some thorough 
purgative as soon as any indications of disease are 
discovered. It sometimes happens that, this will pre¬ 
vent mortification, which soon takes place unless 
some such measure is adopted, lie advises bleeding 
cattle, especially those which have been strongly fed 
in the spring. He bleeds all of his by slitting the 
tail with a knife. Especially if the end of the tail is 
hollow, tills should be done. Sometimes he ropes 
the neck and bleeds the animal there strongly. He 
thinks spriug bleeding very useful—even necessary. 
He also recommends mixing wood ashes with the 
salt and feeding it to cattle. It helps keep them 
healthy, sleek, and smooth. 
BUYING BULLS OF PEDDLERS AND AT FAIRS. 
On this subject a long chapter might be written, 
recounting the injury done to breeders and to the 
disposition to improve herds in the West. My atten¬ 
tion was called for the hundredth time to this subject, 
by the remarks of Mr. Funk. He would not buy a 
bull at a Fair, so many that are there exhibited are 
fitted up to exhibit and to sell. Those that can be 
bought are rarely worth buying. He prefers to go 
and see the stock on the farm where it is kept— 
to examine the offspring of the animal. 
If a man purchases one of these pampered bulls at 
FairB, he rarely gives him the care necessary to keep 
him in prime condition; if he knows how, he does 
not do it; few men know how. Of course the 
bull runs down, the owner becomes disgusted and 
tells his neighbors fine stock is all hnmbng. If, how¬ 
ever, he is careful to go and see the stock in the 
pasture, where it is kept economically, without any 
polishing process, he is better able to judge of its 
real merits, and Is less likely to wish bis purchased 
animal in Dixie two months later. Three-fifths of 
these exhibition animals are spoiled. Mr. Funk does 
not advise 8 man who proposes handling stock, to 
buy full blood fancy cattle. Would rather have 
crosses of a thorough bred bull with native cows. 
He thinks tlere Is more money in proportion to their 
cost Iri the grades than in the pure bred Durhams. 
He likes the Durham better than the Devon, as a 
standard stock. 
But of all the classes of men who outrage green 
Western men, the stock peddlers are the greatest 
viJIians. They buy up the refuse stock of Eastern 
herds or flocks, add to their flock every good looking 
fine wooled sheep they can pick up cheap on the 
road, and iwcry spotted animal they can buy at a 
bargain, write np a pedigree, get. it printed on a slip 
of paper; tins prepared they perambulated the coun¬ 
try with thei “blood Btock” and “sell at a sacri¬ 
fice” to all Wio are so green as to allow themselves 
to be duped *-and their name is legion. There are 
scores oi men in the West who have a big-boned, 
t ing-streaked and speckled stock of cattle which they 
really believe to be decendants of the oldest and 
purest Durham families. And it cannot bo beat out 
of their brains; for is there not the pedigree traced 
straight back to Jacobi 1807343? Of course it is, 
and there can be no mistake about & printed pedigree! 
O, ye dupes I 
HORSES, 
Mr. Funk breeds few horses. He regards mnles 
much more serviceable. He has some Morgans, but, 
while they are good roadsters, he regards them too 
light for farm sendee. He Bays we want a class of 
horses 15 to HI hands high, well proportioned — that 
will make gool saddle horses, fair roadsters. Weight 
Is necessary —not toiyheavy however. Horses that 
will weigh 1,280 to 1,300 pounds are about right if 
they are rigbtlj put together. If a horse weighs less 
than 1,000 pounds, he is too light for farm uses. 
HOW HE GROWS CORN. 
The ground is prepared by plowing and hsfrrowing, 
and planted in check rows with Brown's planter. 
After it is sprouted, a large two-horse harrow and 
team is pot on and the ground thoroughly harrowed, 
regardless of the corn. This done, it is cultivated 
with a three-toothed cultivator, going twice in each 
row; then again with a double shovel plow. Fre¬ 
quently after the shovel plow, a scouring plow Is 
used, but. a donb e shovel plow Is regarded the best 
Implement to use after the harrow. He prefers to 
harrow before tin corn is np. Many in this country 
wait until the ctrn appears, then knock the center 
tooth out of an 4 harrow and drive astride the rows. 
If the ground proves cloddy, he rolls it, immedi¬ 
ately after harrowing, with a heavy field roller. He 
says rolling and harrowing pays excellently here, the 
soil being inclined to grow cloddy. It must be pul- 
tefized so that the young plants may grow without 
being retarded. One reason why Brown’s oorn 
planter is so generally approved in this country, is 
because it rolls (he earth which covers the hills, and 
pulverizes it. The roots of the young plant do not 
have to ramble Over a square rod to find food — to 
find something Reside dry clode and cold air. Mr. 
Funk recommends fall plowing, and the back-furrow 
lug the ground in narrow beds. He says it will pay; 
it will increase the crop so as to more than pay the 
Inconvenient whffh may result in the prosecution 
of the harvest. Such teslirnony from a large farmer 
who doe* his work in the cheapest way, looking to 
the greatest profit, ought to be received as having a 
good deal of weight. 
* Since writing the foregoing, my attention has been called to 
the followiug paragraph by an eastern contemporary who has 
rushed through the Wont, and is accordingly accurately posted! 
Our statements may be relied on. for they were given us by 
Isaac Funk In person It will bo interesting to compare them 
with the following. 
" Isaac. Funk rums hero from Ohio when the country was 
new. He brought with him all his worldly goods, consisting of 
a horse, one yoke ol a)ten and a fur hat. lie commenced work¬ 
ing some land, and t jaded bis fur hat in the village for a sow In 
pig, and drove her home bare headed tie bred all the pigs lie 
i-onld. and raised com lo feed them. lie ha- now twenty even 
thousand acres'd laid, all paid tor, estimated to be worth over 
$800,000. Ills stock M' horses, millet, hogs and fat rattle are 
worth another $101,(00. and be owns a good deal of railroad 
stock besides Tie hi« acquired thin immense wealth by fann¬ 
ing. He Ims never speculated in anything, except iu buying 
cattle. He has eight tons, great slock men, all of whom 
IlssisI him jo hi- lari'ire Operations. lie lias olio pasture fo ld 
of 8,001 acres, indoled with a plank fence; another of 3,900 
acres, and another of 1,000 acres. His principal crop is corn — 
raising oniv enough wheat, for his own use. He usually con¬ 
sumes all the corn on the farm. His average sales of cattle in 
New York are said to amount to $70,001) per annum." 
several days without injury from the rain or sun. It 
will he observed that not only the eight sheaves are 
protected, but the caps themselves are in a position 
to shed rain effectively, for they soon become dry 
after a shower. N. B. Ament. 
Mt Morris, N. Y., 1861. 
Rural Notes anil Stems. 
SHOCKING AND CAPPING WHEAT. 
Eds. Rural N*w-Yorkek: —Much of the anxiety 
exhibited by wheat growers during harvest for the 
security of the cipp, can be dispensed with if they 
will ouly learn to properly shock and cap their 
wheat. We lay jt down as an axiom, that wheat 
should be capped Eft alt kinds of weather. It should 
be cut before the kernel is fully hard, and if set in 
open shock in hit weather , the kernel hardens rap¬ 
idly, and is apt to shrink, but when capped the 
kernels harden gtadually, and the remaining juices 
of the stalk are Conveyed to the head, which has a 
tendency to Jill okt the grains and thus make larger 
kernels. There in also less danger of the heads 
breaking off when drawn to the barn and put in the 
mow, for the stmw is less brittle than when it is 
cured in the sun. 
Wheat that was cut at the commencement of the 
rainy harvest in 1855, and capped, was uninjured, 
notwithstanding it remained in the field about three 
weeks, exposed tb heavy showers nearly every day 
and night. 
Jtcau he capped in either long or round shocks, 
but. the round sh4cks stand the firmest and are less 
exposed to the wind. Long shocks can be capped, 
by pntting the butts of two bundles together over the 
middle of the shock, letting the tops project over 
the ends. The butts should be pressed firmly to¬ 
gether, and sufficiently elevated to carry off the 
water at the tops. 
The best way to shock is to set four bundles close 
together, with the tops a little inclining toward each 
other, in the form of a square, which leaves four 
spaces; then set a bundle in each space, which com¬ 
pletes a shock of eight bundles, and a part of each 
one is thus exposed to the air and sun, which would 
be entirely excluded from the inside bundles of a 
perfectly round shock. Then break over the tops of 
the caps to one sidt, at nearly right angles with the 
bundle, comttienciig at the band; and, if properly 
done, there will he formed a peak at the opposite 
side, near the top of the sheaf. Open the butts, on 
the side of the sheaf to which the top is bent, and 
place the cap on the shock, the heads reaching past 
the middle, with the butts projecting over the side. 
Put on the second cap from the opposite side of the 
shock, with the heads reaching well over the baud of 
the first; spread the butte of both caps around the 
shock, and the work is done. When wheat is well 
capped in this manner, it can remain in the field for 
Or tuk Season and Crops we can report but little progress 
since our last. Tbe continuously cool weather — and i 
especially cool nighta — bas greatly retarded vegetation of 
most kinds. The grass crop is full two weeks later than < 
usual, and timothy was scarcely fit to cut nntil the proent 
week; consequently many are now in the midst of haying. , 
Some wheat of the early varieties has been cut. but at 
this writing ( July 23) tbe harvest baa not fairly commenced 
in this region. Corn, melons, cucumbers, tomatoes, Ac., are * 
much “ behind time,” and the prospects are dnbiouB. 
Potatoes and beans promise well. < 
The Account or “An Illinois Cattle King,” given in 1 
this number from the pen of our Western Aid, will be perused 
with interest by thousands of Rural readers. Though it may , 
seem like a romance to many—and to us it has proved quite 
as entertaining as a first-class novelette—let it he remembered 
that tbe writer deals in and with facts, and that truth is 
oftentimes stranger than fiction. A* we could not well 
divide the “veritable history,” it is given entire, to the 1 
exclusion of our usual variety — In the belief that none of 
our agricultural readers will complain of “too much of a 1 
good thing.” 
-- 
The Farm op Robert J. Swan, Esq., of Seneca Co.— 
beautifully situated on the eastern shore of Seneca Lake, 
near Geneva—is to be let for a term of years, as will be 
observed by announcement in onr advertising department 
It is a very superior farm, and was awarded the first premium i 
of the N. Y. State Agricultural Society in 1858. We regret 
that Mr. Swan's health compels him to leave a homestead so , 
valuable and pleasaut, and trust “ Rose Hill Farm ” will soon 
have a competent anil appreciative tenant. 
Samples op Wheat — Mr. Edgar M. Potter, of Gates, 
near this city, last week handed us several heads of a variety 
of wheat which he is growing, known as “ Lambert’s Weevil 
Proof”—seed obtained in Ohio. He tried the Lambert last 
season, and was so well pleased with the resnlt that, his 
present crop i« almost exclusively of that variety. It is a 
beardless variety, fine, plump berry, and apparently matures 
early—tbe heads being fully ripe, and the crop fit to harvest 
in advance of most other varieties. We hope Mr. P. will, at 
the proper time, give us the figures as to yield and other 
particulars. 
Mr. K 8. Chapin, of Bloomfield, Ontario Co., sends ns (by 
mail) a head of wheat called the “ Hopewell ”—said to be a 
new variety in that section. As the head was not fully ripe, 
we could not judge of the quality of the grain. 
The English Butino Wool and Wheat in our Market — 
A recent number of the Troy Times aaya:—“ We have seen a 
private letter from a perfectly reliable source in Michigan 
— a consignor of wool to this market—which states that 
English agents are purchasing wool In various parts of that 
State, and that they want 15,000,000 lbs. in all. English 
agents purchased nearly all the Canadian clipping last year; 
but this is the find instance, we believe, of purchase On 
F.nglish account in the State. The effect of this will proba¬ 
bly ho to increase the price of wool here, as onr entire stock 
lu tbe absence of importation!! cannot be sufficient to supply 
the borne demand. The same writer informs us that the 
English agents referred to have recently purchased $200,000 
worth of wheat in Chicago.” 
Premium eor Flax Cotton.— The R I. Society for the 
Encouragement of Domestio Industry, offers $500 for the 
best bale of prepared llax cotton of not less than 50 lbs., with¬ 
out respect to the place of its manufacture, which shall be 
shown at. the Noeiety’s Exhibition In Providence, Sept. 11th. 
It must be proved that tbe article is of a quality, and can be 
produced ft) quantity and at a price to be an economical 
substitute for cotton. Such a premium will be likely to create 
competition, and aid in dethroning King Cotton. 
Prosit ok Sheep Farming.—A correspondent of the Ohio 
Field Notes, who keeps an account with his sheep, says:— 
“The increase of roy (lock and tbe wool makes a profit of 
about three hundred dollars a year, from 112 acres of land 
and about 20 acres of that in woods, besides keejiing enough 
other stock for roy own use. I consider sheep the most 
profitable stock that I can raise; they give sure and quick 
returns.” _ 
Minor Rural Items. — The Illinois Central R. R. Co. is 
buying corn of its farmer land-tenants, to enable them to pay 
up arrears of installments on land purchases, and for freight, 
giving Chicago prices. Gnod policy, as it benefits the Co., 
their tenants, and consumers.—Late advices from Europe 
state that tbe harvests promise well; breadstotfs somewhat 
dull in consequeuco — yet the absence of largo stocks from 
last season will leave prices sufficiently high to induce ship¬ 
ments of American produce throughout the year.-Messrs. 
Whjttakkh, of Lima, Mich., who have a large flock of Adc 
wooled sheep, sold their this year’s clip (4.000 lbs.) a few 
days ago at the rate of 32 cents per lb. Their clips for the 
last eight years, including the present, have soldatau average 
of 40 cents per lb.-A Western paper says—“ During the 
week past, vegetation in this suction has just been rearing 
and pitching like young colts. On still nights one can hear 
it growing—the sound resembling the roar of the ocean at a 
distance. With corn and weeds, it has been twigs and brouse 
—weeds a little ahead.” 
THE FARMER'S BANK. 
The times may be hard as the ground 
Frozen stiff in the December cold; 
But the bank of the fanner is sound— 
If broken, it discounts iu gold. 
His share is a plow-share in banks 
Whose dividends never rely 
Oil the grind stone men at their cranks, 
But on rain and the sunshiny sky. 
His deposits are small, hut they yield 
An hundred per cent., or per seed, 
So that the gold grows up in the field, 
Like a thought that grows into a deed. 
Bloat in Catti.ic.— A writer in the Michigan Farmer, says 
that when cattle are bloated from eating wet clover, or horses 
frem eatlog green clover, he has found a sure remedy in giv 
ing to the animal an ordinary charge of gun powder, mixed 
with about the same qnautity of fme salt, In the hand, and 
thrown on the tongue every fifteen minutes, until two or 
three doses are given. He savs: “In III* summer of 1858, I 
had five head taken at one time, two of which were severe 
eases, but this treatment saved them- The same week the 
hides uf forty head were sent Into Rattle Creek, and all from 
animals that had boon lost by eating wet clover.' 
A ilORSE Sixty-Kink Years Out.— Wilkes' Spirit of the 
Tones gives an account of a small black Galloway, eleven 
hands high, which attained to the greatest age of any horse 
of which we have any record. He was a resident of a small 
village near Haddington, iu Scotland He was foaled in 1720, 
and at the time of hi* death lie was 69 years old. A few 
weeks before bis death be trotted /or several hours at the 
rate of seven or eight miles an hour, and fed well on bis oats 
and hay to the last. 
-- 
Tns Glory ok the Farmer —HIb glory is to create ADd 
construct. Other men may fetch, and carry, and exchange, 
all rests, at last, on his primitive action. He is close to 
nature. The food which was not he makes to be. All nobil¬ 
ity Tests on the use of land. Tillage is the original calling of 
the race; many men are excused from it, yet if they have 
not something to giTe the farmer for his corn, they must 
return to their planting. The farmer stands nearest to God, 
the first cause .—Edward Everett. 
Heaves. —The Farmer and Gardener gives the following 
as a care for tbe heaves in horses;—Take smart-weed, steep 
it in boiling water till the strength is all out; give one quart 
every day, mixed with bran or shorts, for eight or ten days. 
Give green or eut-up feed, wet with water, during the opera¬ 
tion, and It will cure. 
®lje Conbetxscr. 1 
— The new Sultan has only one wife. 
— The Chinese rebels have taken Hanakow. , 
— The Maryland peach crop promises to be good. 
— A plot to assassinate Garibaldi has been discovered. 
— John Murray, the blacksmith of Gretna Green, is dead. 
— The Pope has been very ill, but was improving at last 
accounts. 
— John Anderson, the fugitive slave, is living “in clover,” 
in England. 
— The rebels have returned Major Winthrop’s watch to 
Gen. Butler. 
— Ice is selling in the streets of Richmond, Va., at $6 to 
$8 per 100 lbs. 
— Merriman, the Baltimore secessionist, has been released 
on $40,000 bail. 
— The wheat harvest in Maryland is concluded, and the 
crop is excellent. 
— A relationship existed between the late Sultan of Tur¬ 
key and Napoleon III. 
— It is intimated that the Baltimore secession press will be 
vigorously prosecuted. 
— A line of telegraph baa been erected, connecting Pensa¬ 
cola with Montgomery. 
— There are, it is stated, about 2,600 different trades car¬ 
ried on in Great Britain. 
— The cabin passage from Quebec to Liverpool, by the 
Great Eastern, is only $65. 
— Gov. Jackson, of Missouri, was last reported as traveling 
disguised in female apparel. 
— A salute of 34 guns was fired at Harrisburgh, Pa., in 
honor of Gen. McClelland’s victory. 
— The Prince of Wale* has gone to Curragh, Ireland, to 
study the details of military science. 
— The health of the Empress of Austria is very prec&ri 
ous. She has an abeess in tbe lungs. 
— The Snn Fire Insurance Company of London loses 
$1,200,000 by the great Uto in London. 
— The war in the United States is producing much depres¬ 
sion in the hardware trade of England. 
— One of the sister* of Francis II is about to be betrothed 
to the brother of the Emperor of Austria. 
— The entire postal service, embracing postoffices, mails, 
&c., have been discontinued in Tennessee. 
— The Gen. Rains who figured in the battle near Carthage, 
Missouri, was formerly U, S. Indian Agent. 
— Tbe British press speak of Mr. Adams, the new American 
Minister, in a very complimentary manner. 
— The Mobile Tribune says that tbe sum of $1,400,000 was 
duo the troops at Pensacola, on the 1st inst. 
— The new signals of the fleet off Pickens distress the rebel? 
very much, as they are unable to read them. 
— A hyppopotamus has arrived in Boston, and is nowon 
exhibition in a pavillion on Boston Common. 
— “Shopping ” has ceased in North Carolina, much to the 
grief both of the ladies and the shop-keepers. 
— Specie exportation from Now York during the last fiscal 
year, $23,845,000. Previous year, $58,090,000. 
— About $5,000,000 of specie was transferred from tbe New 
York city bank* to thn Sab-Treasury last week. 
— Major Stammer, of Fort Pickens’ fame is now in Chicago, 
attached to the new 16th regiment, U. S. Infantry, 
— Capt. Craven has been promoted to the command of the 
Potomac flotilla, vice Ward killed at Mathias Point. 
— Since the 18th of last Aprfl, about 60,000 troops have 
passed through the city of NcwYork to the South. 
— The steamer North Star arrived at New York on Satur¬ 
day week, bringing a million and a quarter in Bpecie. 
— Mr. Blondin proposes to cross the Seine upon a rove 
stretehed between tbe Tuilleries ami un Quai d’Oixay, 
— Gen. Butler delivered a short, pointed oration at Hamp¬ 
ton, on the 4tb, and that is not very far from Richmond. 
— Two hundred car loads of cotton have passed through 
Indianapolis within the past week, bound to eastern ports 
— The Louisville Courier states, on the authority of a 
private letter, that Louisiana has sent 21,000 men to Virginia. 
— On Wednesday of last week, a Federal loan of $5,000,000 
was taken iu Wall street in forty minutes, and more begged 
for. 
— The Convention of Indians, called by Governor Harris, of 
the Chickasaws, was held on the 24th ult., but broke up in a 
row. 
— Tbe squadron in the Gulf, under the command of fl&g- 
ofticer Mervine, consists of 21 vessels, 282 guns, and 3,500 
men. 
— The London Star publishes elaborate biographical 
notices of Generals McClelland, Fremont, McDowell, and 
Banks 
— Gov. John W. Ellis, of North Carolina, is reported ae 
having died at the Red Sulphur Springs, Virginia, on the 7th 
instant. 
— Cotton growing has been commenced in the British 
colony of Queensland, Oceanica, with a good prospect of 
success. 
— The State Superintendent of Common Schools —Joshua 
Pearl—has been notified to leave Tennessee, for Union pro¬ 
clivities. 
— It is a curious fact that Robert Garnet, who was killed at 
St. George, was the professional instructor of McClelland at 
West Point, 
— Hon. James Averell, long a resident and most protm- 
1 nent citizen of St. Lawrence county, died at Ogdensburgh, 
Monday week. 
— Tbe Governor and State Treasurer of Michigan have 
determined to dispose of no more bonds of that State at less 
than 90 cents. 
_The Paris Debats—imitating the London Times —has 
pent out a special correspondent to keep an eye on the 
American war. 
— A widow lady named Peck, who recently died in Ben 
nington, Vt., left all her property, amounting to $20,000, to 
the city of Troy. 
— The oldest person in New Hampshire is said to be Mrs. 
Eunice Hayes, of Milton. She was one hundred yearB old 
on the 16th inst. 
_gfx thousand six hundred and six lbs. of clover *ud 
timothy, well dried, were recently cut from one acre of 
in Deerfield, Mass. 
_Florida is paying the interest of her State debt's 
York. She does not repudiate. The city of Mobile is aLu 
* paying her interest. 
— The four States of Maine, Massachusetts. New H&mp- 
shire, and New York, have an aggregate of thirty seven 
r living Ex Governors. 
1 — There is a Zouave Company in Hartford, Conn., cow- 
e poBed entirely of deaf mutes. They march without muac, 
n ami are drilled by signs. 
_The proprietors of Charleston, Savannah, Mobile, H!ir ‘ 
New Orleans journals, have resolved to raise the price of th* •• 
' Journals thirty per cent. 
e _The total vote in Texas on secession was 84.826, 46.1- 1 
l ,‘ in favor, and 14,697 against. Thirty-four new and unorgan- 
w (zed counties sent in no returns. 
£ — Mr. Russell, the correspondent of the Loudon Times, 
has returned to Washington from Fortress Monroe, aud g 
over the Polomac to join our army. 
d — On Saturday week the bids for the $1,000,000 Massachu- 
° 0 ’ setts loan, were over $2,000,000. No bids were ai.cej e 
I- under one-half percent, premium. 
— Next year will be the 1,000th anniversary of the ^ 
it Empire, on which occasion there will be grand religi” '» 
l| vals at St. Petersburgh and Moscow. 
— The Free Masons in Canada propose to establish a ^ 
sonic Asylnm, at the cost of $20,000, for the relie 
p gent masons, their wives and families. 
rt — Government purchased in Cincinnati, up to Muc . 
2,060 horses, 3,900 sets of harness, and 850 wagons or 
army, and nearly all sent to Western \ ir^inia. 
... i £ 
