aw 
needle, thimble and thread, trying to repair the 
breeches. Our experience in the trenches availed us 
here. Many regretted they had not been made in the 
first place by tapered human fingers thus verifying 
the expression of the wag, that the best sewing- 
machines in the world were about eighteen years of 
age, affected ringlets aud wore gaiters. 
They returned with a company of ninety armed 
men, and demanded that the flag should be hauled 
down. But on discovering that the house was filled 
with gallant men, armed to the teeth, who would 
rather die as deariy as possible, than see their 
country’s flag disgraced, the secessionists retired. 
When our informant left Knoxville, the .Stars and 
Stripes still floated to the breeze over Parson Brown- 
low’s house. f.ong may they wave! 
clear the table at each stroke. Different dies are 
employed for caps of different forms. 
The next operation is that of charging and stamp¬ 
ing the caps. For this purpose, a strong steel plate, 
containing about 1,000 small conical holes or dies 
to receive as many formed caps, is used; it is laid 
upon the table of another small machine, a girl takes 
several handfuls of caps from the box of the die 
press, spreads them over the steel plate, and by a few 
rapid motions of the hand, they all siuk into the 
holes with open mouths, ready for the percussion 
powder. This is a compouud of fulminating mer¬ 
cury, of potash, sulphur, and a little ground glass. 
This is spread dry and loosely by hand, like meal, 
over the entire plate, and each cap is filled to the 
mouth. The surplus is then swept off with a brush 
from the surface of the plate. Tin foil is now laid 
upon the top of the plate covering the powder in the 
caps. A series of small plunges, eaeh of such a size 
as to fit into a cap, are now forced down upon the 
charged plate, cutting through the tin foil, and car 
rying a piece into each cap. The powder is pressed 
down by these plungers into a very small space at the 
bottom of each cap, and the pressure is sufficient to 
stamp the name or nnniher on the top of each, by 
forcing the metal into the proper figure cut in tilts 
bottom of each hole. The pressure to which the per¬ 
cussion powder is subjected by this operation is so 
great that strangers are always surprised on witness¬ 
ing it. Sometimes caps explode by the pressure, but 
as the plates are strong, no damage of auy conse¬ 
quence results. 
The next operation is that of coating the inside of 
the caps with varnish to render them water proof and 
prevent access of the atmosphere to the powder. 
For this purpose the plate containing the caps is 
placed in another machine, which has a series of 
little dippers that take up the varnish from a recepta¬ 
cle. and supply each cap with its proper quantity. 
The plate containing the caps is now removed into a 
warm room, when the varnish dries, and the caps arc 
then emptied oat of the plates, and put np for the 
market. 
Quite a number of steel die plates are employed in 
the process, and a set of small machines required for 
the entire operations of cutting the copper, punching, 
upsetting, charging, and varnishing, will make about 
400,000 caps per diem, 
Several sets of machinery arc generally run In 
every percussion cap factory. The demand for snch 
caps lias been so great for several weeks past, that the 
factories have scarcely been able to meet it by work¬ 
ing oyer hours. Some caps are made with top 
flanges, some are perfectly smooth and without rims, 
and others are corrugated. These forms are all pro¬ 
duced by the die machine .—Scientific American. 
put his feet on the soil of the enemy. This is not 
true. Of course it is advisable and best in times like 
these, for Southern men to remain at home, but in 
cases where their families are at the North, and they 
desire to bring them home, or in any other necessity, 
we have no doubt of their ability to go and return 
with perfect safety. The only condition is, attend to 
your own business, and leave the affairs of others 
alone. 
We know a number of gentlemen of this State— 
some of them of this city — who have recently gone 
North and returned without the slightest molestation. 
We yesterday saw a lettor from a resident of Savan¬ 
nah, now in New York, in which ho expresses his 
astonishment at the respect with which ho is every 
where treated, after all the blood-thirsty stories he 
had read in the newspapers. 
Won't Fiofit, Eh? -A correspondent of the Mem¬ 
phis Appeal, in writing to that paper about the 
advance of Gen. McClelland with his Ohio and Indi¬ 
ana troops against Garnett’s force, said:—“if the 
great body of McClelland’s forces should be Hooaiers 
and Buckeyes, as reported, the number of our men 
need give the Department very little concern. These 
fellows won’t Jight. We have history for this. ’Re¬ 
member Duma Vista.’ One to four our hoys will drive 
them into the lakes." Wonder what the writer of the 
above thinks now. 
[Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.J 
NIAGARA RIVER. 
Several years ago (August 5, 1856,) an article 
appeared in the Buffalo Express, in which the writer 
advanced the bold idea that every body, “and the 
rest of mankind,” might be mistaken as to the mate¬ 
rial used by Dame Nature in forming the great gorge 
of the Niagara River, and setting on foot that glori¬ 
ous “institution” — the Falls of Niagara. That 
article, like its bnrable author, was not destined to 
make as much noise in the world as the great 
cataract whose birth, or rather manner of birth, it 
aspired to discuss. Yet “still the earth moves.” 
The theory advanced by early writers, and adopted 
by later geologists, viz: "That the Falls of Niagara 
were originally at the mountain ridge at Lewiston,” 
is far more popular than plausible. We read in that 
excellent work, Mr. J. H. French’s Gazetteer of the 
State of New York, p. 450, as follows:—“The pla¬ 
teau in which the basin of Lake Erie is situated, 
extends to the mountain ridge at Lewiston, the 
summit of the ridge being 34 feet higher than Lake 
Erie. The river originally must have flowed over 
the face of this precipice, at which time Niagara 
Falls were seven miles below their present position. 
By the wearing away of the rocks tbe falls have grad¬ 
ually receded, becoming lower at each period of 
their progress, and leaving a deep rocky channel, 
with rocky and precipitous hanks 200 feet high, to 
mark their course aud attest their power." 
This appears to be the opinion universally held in 
regard to this very interesting matter, yet this needs 
a considerable stretch of the imagination to enable a 
plain, unsophisticated mind, who will walk over the 
ground, and examine the premises, with the Book of 
Nature before him, to believe. Our faith, especially 
in regard to material things, always rests upon testi¬ 
mony: find when these witnesses, though of undoubt¬ 
ed ability and Integrity, yot perhaps prejudiced by 
what they have “beard say” about the Falls, tell ns 
over and over again, that the great cataract made 
itself, by first tumbling itself over “Queenstown 
Heights,” and then cut its own way through the solid 
limestone rock a distance of over seven miles, with 
exquisite precision, keeping the sides of this great 
gorge nearly perpendicular, and continuing their 
course exactly parallel with each other, wo begin to 
inquire liow all this was done? And the idea of 
powder, and a train of dumping-cars, with a track 
laid down to Lake Ontario, immediately presents 
itself before our untutored mind. What has become 
of all the great mass of rocks thus displaced, and 
upon which the “power” of the Falls has been 
speut? Have they been dissolved, or ground to 
impalpable powder and floated down to the depths of 
Lake Ontario? This must have taken considerable 
more than “sometime.” 
If the great gorge was formed by the action of the 
water “gradually wearing away the rocks,” those 
ancient waves that originally performed this stupen¬ 
dous work observed a much greater degree of regu¬ 
larity than is adopted by the modern Niagara, who, 
in using all his powers to destroy the sublime and 
majestic cataract formed by Nature, is doing any¬ 
thing else but keeping the course of the bank on the 
American side parallel with that on the Canadian 
side. The simple child of Nature coming across 
Lake Ontario in a steamboat, as he nears the mouth 
of the Niagara River, runs his eye over the mountain 
ridge, stretching along the Southern horizon, and 
remarks a gradual rise as he glances towards Brock’s 
M onument on “Queenstown Heights.” As the boat 
threads her way up the river, on approaching the 
dock at Lewiston, he looks up Into the great gorge 
whence comes tumbling the majestic river, and he 
exclaims, “ What a mighty heaving up must that 
have been, which font these rocks asunder and let 
down the waters from above, and drained this once 
vast ocean to form this beautiful country!” He leaves 
the boat, and forgetting that he has a ticket to Sus¬ 
pension Bridge per railroad, he climbs up the moun¬ 
tain and follows the great crack in the ground, never 
doubting but the banks, which now confine the river 
that bounds two of the greatest nations on the earth, 
were once in close proximity to each other. As he 
approaches the great Cataract, he sees that Father 
Time has also had his finger in the work, and that he 
is now gradually “wearing the rocks;” aud should 
our hero tarry over winter he might see Jack Frost 
driving his icy wedge between tbe huge rocks over 
which the waters are pouring, and perhaps in spring 
one might be seen or heard to take the awful leap, 
and rolled down by the mighty current to Suspension 
Bridge, there to disturb the waters so as to cause the 
poor Maid of the Mist to “smash her pipe” in 
passing over. 
I have long desired to call the attention of Prof. 
Maury to this subject, bat now I fear he has gone so 
far South that he can nevei hear tbe roar of a North¬ 
ern river, much less the piping of a Northern peasant 
on its banks. Professor Agassiz, or Borne other 
“man of science,” would coufer a lasting benefit 
upon at least one humble student of Nature, if he 
would elucidate this matter to the public, in the 
light of Science. t. w. 
Williamsville, N. Y., July, 1861. 
Tho Uniform of the Confederate Army. 
Thk uniform of the Confederate States army is a 
short tunic coat of cadet gray cloth, double breasted, 
with two rows of brass buttons, two inches apart at 
the waist, and widening towards the shoulders; pan¬ 
taloons sky blue, made full in the legs. Tho buttons 
are plain gilt, convex in form, and three-quarters of 
au inch in diameter. The different arms in the ser¬ 
vice are distinguished by the color of the trimmings 
— blue for infantry, red for artillery, and yellow for 
cavalry. The artillery buttons are stamped with the 
letter A, but the infantry and cavalry buttons will 
bear only the number of the regiment. The General 
and Stall' Officers' dress will be dark blue cloth; the 
medical department black cloth with gold and velvet 
trimmings. Badges of distinction will be marked on 
the sleeves and collars — Brigadier General, three 
large stars on the collar; Colonel, two stars; Major, 
small star and horizontal bar; Captain, three Bmall 
stars; First Lieutenant, two small stars; and Second 
Lieutenant, one small star. Tho buttons for a Gene¬ 
ral and Stall officers are to have a raised eagle in the 
center, surrounded by thirteen stars. 
General Scott nnd the Prrxji, 
The Washington correspondent of the World 
gives the following articles of agreement between the 
newspaper staff and Gen. Scott: 
On the part of the Lieut. General commanding, it 
was agreed: 
1. That all gentlemen of the press may report by 
telegraph the progress and results of all battles actu¬ 
ally occurring, and shall be afforded official facilities 
to that end. 
2. That the previous order, requiring every mes¬ 
sage to be submitted to tho inspection of the Llcnt, 
General’s staff, at the army head-quarters, is hereby 
rescinded. 
On the part of the gentlemen of the press it was 
agreed: 
1. That no reports of arrivals, departures, or other 
movements of troops, shall be forwarded by telegraph, 
nor any statistics of army numbers and munitions. 
2. That no mutinies or riots among the soldiery 
shall bo telegraphed. 
3. Nor any predictions of movements to ensue. 
4. That Mr. Burns, of the American Telegraph 
Otfioe, shall he there stationed as the censor to main¬ 
tain tho observance of the preceding articles. 
This covenant is understood to delight the Com- 
mander-in-Chief, who, by the way, uever reads a 
newspaper, and to have struck despondency into the 
hearts of the toleraphie gentlemen—the latter justly 
deeming tho moat important portion of their occupa¬ 
tion gone. 
Capture* by the 1’rlvateer*. 
At last accounts there had been dispatched in 
search of the two privateers of Jeff. Davis, known to 
be roaming the ocean, tho first-class steam frigate 
Niagara, from Key West; the Hteatn gunboat Crusa¬ 
der, in company with the latter; one sloop of war, 
the Vincennes, and the two revenue cutters, Caleb 
Cushing and Morris, from Boston; and three cutters 
under command of Commodore Howard, from this 
port The capture of one old brig, aud one screw 
steamer of no particular pretensions to Bpoed, are 
tolerably certain, provided tbe obnoxious cruisers 
should be found. Summing up the depredations 
thus far, we have the following list of captures which 
they have made, and the disposition made of the 
prizes: 
Captured. Privateer. Date. Cargo. 
1— Brig Panama, W. H. Webb, May 24, Oil. 
2 — Sc hr Mermaid, “ “ “ 
3— Schr John Adams, “ “ “ 
•l—Brig Joseph, Savannah, May 2fi, Sugar. 
f>—Schr A. B. Thompson, Unknown, May IS), “ 
6 — Brig Lydia Francos, “ Unk’n, Molas’a. 
7— Sohr Transit, “ “ Ballast. 
8 — Brig Mouticollo, St. Nicholas, June 29, OntToe. 
0 —Schr Margaret, “ “ Coal. 
10— Schr Mary Pi tie, “ “ Ice. 
1 1— Soitr Mary Goodell,* JefT. Davis, July 9, Missel. 
12— Brig John Walsh, “ July 6, Sugar. 
18—8chr 8, J. Waring, “ July 5, Miscel. 
14— Schr Enchantress, “ July 0, “ 
If)—Brig M. K. Thompson, “ July 9, Lumber. 
16— Ship Golden Rocket,t Sumter, “ Ballast. 
17— Brig Cuba, 4 “ “ Sugar. 
18— Brig Machine,* “ “ 
It)—Brig Naiad, “ “ “ 
20— Brig Albert Adams, f “ “ 
21— Brig Bon. Dunning,* “ “ 
22— Bark West WimlA “ “ “ 
23— Bark Louisa Kilham, “ “ “ 
♦ Released. | Burned. 
The Sumter, which has been the most mischievous 
of these cruisers, was formerly the MarquiB do la 
IJabftna, owned by Miramon, nnd captured by tho 
Saratoga, near Vera Cruz. Having been carried to 
Now Orleans for the adjudication of her case, she 
was seized by the Confederates, and converted into a 
vessel-of war. 
It appears that after achieving the capture of these 
half dozen unarmed and unsuspecting molasses 
droghers, near the port of Cienfuegos, just as they 
were emerging from it to pursue their respective 
voyages, the privateer had exhausted alllierooal, and 
was compelled to enter the very port from which 
most of the vessels sailed to take in coal and water. 
It Is thus seen how utterly helpless these freebooters 
would bo with steamers, without some porta into 
which they could enter fora supply of fuel. 
The captain of the pirate Argo, Captain Coxsetter, 
told Captain Fiflold, of the John Welch, that there 
aro arrangements along the whole Southern coast by 
which signal lights are made to assist privateers in 
entering the various creeks with their prizes. This, 
however, is doubtful. 
How nu Army Moves. 
As the central column of our army has received 
its orders to move forward upon Richmond, it will 
prove of interest to our readers to know the manner 
in which large bodies of troops are Bet in motion aud 
thus thrown forward, hence we give the following: 
There are a great many things besides men and 
guns essential to an army, and a commander, about 
to lead au army into a hostile country, first sees that 
the commissariat is well provided with provisions, 
that there aro ample means of transportation, and 
that there is a reserve of ammunition and clothing, 
and a good supply of hospital stores and medicines. 
All the preliminary arrangements for tho march hav- 
tfig been carefully made, the “order of march” is 
communicated to the several commanding officers of 
divisions, brigades and regiments, but not published 
in orders. The troops ata distributed according to 
tho character of the country. In a very open coun¬ 
try, a large proportion of cavalry would be ftt the 
head of the column; but generally it is distributed 
throughout the. line. The artillery should be in the 
rear if the first foot regiment. An advance or rear 
guard of mount d troopp — one or two companies — 
should be detailed efti'h day; and the regiment that 
has tho right of the lino one day should be next day 
in the rear. In a woody or mountainous country, 
detachments of flankers and skirmishers are thrown 
out to tho right and left of the column, at the dis¬ 
tance of one or two hundred paces, to keep a sharp 
look-out, and prevent any such disastrous and gratui¬ 
tous experiences us those painfully and recently 
familiar to us in connection with the ambuscade on 
the road to Vienna. ThA column having been formed 
at half or quarter distance, and the baggage train 
assembled in tbe rear, protected by a guard selected 
from each regiment for its own baggage, the column 
is put in motion aud the march commences with the 
same regularity as would be observed by a regiment 
moviug iu or out of a garrison town, tbe bauds play¬ 
ing, the light infantry with arms sloped and those of 
the riflemen slnng over the shoulder, the officers with 
swords drawn, exact wheeling distances preserved, 
and perfect silence observed. After having proceeded 
a short distance in this manner, the word of com¬ 
mand, “route step,” is given by the general at the 
head of the leading battalion, and passed quickly on 
to tho rear. The captains, instead of continuing at 
the head of their companies, draw back to the rear 
of them, that they may see any men of their respec¬ 
tive companies who attempt to quit the rankH without 
leave. The soldiers thou march and carry their arms 
in any manner convenient to them, conversation and 
smoking being ordinarily allowed. 
persons or their agents in tho North. It mentions 
three cases, viz:—Gen. Patterson, in command of a 
large force now advancing on Virginia; Capt. Adams, 
who commands the squadron which is now depre¬ 
dating on the property of Southern citizens; ami Dr. 
Wood, the Surgeon-General of the United Stab's 
army. These officers all own large properties in the 
Sonth. Gen. Patterson holds a large amount of tho 
paper of our planters. He is even now, through his 
attorney, endeavoring to execute a judgment for 
J30.000, on a plantation owned by a widow lady in 
this State. Capt. Henry Adams has a large interest 
in a plantation and negroes iu this State, and Sur¬ 
geon-General Wood has a large force of negroes 
working on a plantation in Louisiana. 
Fatality of Mf.asi.f,s in the Rebei, Ranks_A 
correspondent in the Rebel force at Winchester, 
Virginia, writes as follows to the Louisville Courier. 
“ I regret to chronicle the ravages made in our ranks 
by the measles, which has, in many instances, proved 
fatal. The 11th Mississippi and 4th Alabama regl 
merits have suffered more than all the rest of tho 
army, the former having at one time three hundred 
aud sixty on the surgeon’s list. Among the Ken¬ 
tuckians, Capt. Bowman’s have been the sufferers, 
haviug twenty-seven on the list; hut, thanks to the 
ladles of this place, their condition is such that, in a 
few days, they will be able to ‘fall in’ the ranks 
again. Too much cannot bo said of the treatment of 
our soldiers by the inhabitants of this town. Every 
family in the town has one or more, frequently a 
dozen, sick soldiers, who are treated as one of the 
family." 
Outrages upon British Subjects. —Wm. Mure, 
the British Consul at New Orleans, writes to the 
Picayune, under date Of July 6th, in regard to tho 
impressment of British subjects in the Rebel Army, 
We quote the following: 
“ At the time of Mr. Russell’s arrival in this city, 
about 35 to 40 of these “illegal masters” had been 
discharged, and my office was still dally beselged by 
women, imploring mo to get their husbands released. 
Within the last few days there have been over twcuty 
applications of a similar kind, and some of the men, 
according to tho evidence, have been most severely 
maltreated. One woman alleges that her liasband 
was seized on his way to procure medical help for 
their child; that it was three days before she dis¬ 
covered the rendezvous where he was confined, and 
when she saw him he was tied by cords, ami so dis¬ 
figured by bruises that sho scarcely recognized him. 
She was not allowed to hold any communication 
with him, but was threatened with tho prison if she 
troubled them again! 
I do not wish to trespass upon your columns by 
multiplying instances. Instead of one repenting vol¬ 
unteer, there have about sixty cases of impressed Dritish 
subjects reported at my office. I am somewhat sur¬ 
prised, when so much patriotic spirit has been 
evinced in the filling np of military companies witti 
so much rapidity, that any resort should have been 
had to the gag or bludgeon; and it is singular that a 
fact so notorious should have escaped the attention 
of your city reporter, who might have easily satisfied 
himself of its accuracy by applying to official 
quarters." 
A. Bio Jon.—The Charleston Courier thus dis¬ 
courses about the war, and though it entertains no 
doubt of their ultimate and signal success, has laid 
out a big job of work for the Confederate army: 
“ But, in the meantime, we have much to do. i\Vc 
shall be necessitated to whip them soundly—to burn 
a few of their towns — to capture Washington as a 
city, or enter it as a heap of ruins; we will have to 
cripple their commerce with privateers, burn their 
factories, and reduce them to the condition of beg¬ 
ging peace, instead of graciously condescending to 
grant us a separate existence as we have besought. 
They are distracted among themselves. Their re¬ 
sources are crippled; their toiling millions are suffer¬ 
ing already. Their sober, thinking men acknowledge 
that madness rales their every movement, and none 
who view things as they are, can for a moment be¬ 
lie*" that success will crowu their efforts.” 
Frank Confession. The Richmond Whig says 
that, whatever shame and humiliation may be in¬ 
volved iu the confession, the fact cannot be denied 
that the Virginia forces behaved shamefully at Fair¬ 
fax Court House, and still mose shamefully at 
Phillippa. 
A Com fument TO the North.— Tbe Savannah 
Republican says :—“ In times of great public excite¬ 
ment a great many stories are invented in both sec¬ 
tions with the view of adding to the public irritation. 
Of this class is the statement, generally believed, that 
it is unsafe for a citizen of the Confederate StateB to 
OOD bless the old flag! as Ho ever has done 
Since lie strengthened the arm of onrown 'Washington; 
And God bless the freemen, devoted and trno, 
Who are ready to die for the Red, White, and Blue!” 
ROCHESTER, N. Y., JULY 27, 1861. 
The Army Tailor. 
A member of the New Jersey Brigade thus humor¬ 
ously describes the distribution of uniforms in camp, 
and very justly relates the universal experience of 
the army with respect to the fabrics coming from the 
“army tailor.” He says: 
Who is the army tailor? Who wields the shears 
and furnishes IJncle Sam with clothing for his fight¬ 
ing nephews? 1 ask the question because f am aware 
that genius of the very first order generally conceals 
itself under cover of an incognito. Yon recollect 
that the author of “Waverly,” in this way, gave an 
opportunity to Maria Edgeworth to perpetrate her 
famous mot that the now well known novel was writ¬ 
ten either by a Scotsman or the d—1. I believe — for 
it is a matter of much importance and some doubt — 
that the literary world, so called, has of late years 
been exercised as to the authorship of “ Adam Bede.” 
The North-west passage has called for the patience of 
generations, and numbers have faith in the Atlantic 
Cable. Who, then, would donbt or deny the exis¬ 
tence of the army schneider7 We don’t. We have 
had occnlar demonstration of his vitality. On the 
15th inst. immense cases, containing summer coats 
and pantaloons for the volnntoers, arrived in camp. 
Some were opened at the Quartermaster’s tent, and 
the garments carried on shoulders to the Captain’s 
quarters and there distributed to the men. Others 
were sent unopened, and from the case each selected 
what be thought would fit him; or at least, that being 
hopeless, what would remain on. A coat aud panta¬ 
loon* were distributed to every volunteer; the former 
were intended for giants, the latter for dwarfs; the 
coats were wide enough in the body to wind about 
yon once or twice, and half a yard too long in tbe 
arms,— stuff, woolen — color, blue — style a la sailor 
boy’s roundabout. The man who cut them must 
have been under the impression that marching and 
army rations are conducive to corpnlence. 
The pantaloons were a novelty in their way. Those 
which were long enough in the legs, were too narrow 
at the waistband; those wide enough about the waist, 
were too short in the legs; the balance were both to 
short aud too narrow. They were evidently cut for 
storks or skeleton*, and in one respect resembled the 
place of future punishment destined for the wicked— 
they were bottomless. They were tried on in the 
shadow of the tent, every man commencing at the 
top of the heap, and going through to the bottom, 
fitting on about seventy pairs before getting one 
approaching to a fit. When on, however, the worst 
was still to come, the difficulty was then to sit down. 
Slowly and cautiously each man approached mother 
earth, rear forward. Some succeed with a slight rent; 
others were congratulating themselves on the suc¬ 
cessful result of the experiment, when away went the 
back seam. Strange to say, the thread remained 
perfect; thanks to the sewing machine. Immedi¬ 
ately thereafter, all were tailors for the nonce, with 
Cure for Soldiers. 
In the Crimea, the troops which resisted priva¬ 
tions and fatigue most successfully, wero thoso com¬ 
manded by colonels who were careful of their 
soldiers. For example: Of two regiments which 
The Untile of Garrick’s Ford. 
In the last Rural we gave brief accounts of the 
conflicts between the Hnited States troops under Gen. 
McClelland, and the rebels under Gen. Garnett. We 
now give a more detailed statement of the retreat 
and pursuit which finally ended iu tho death of the 
rebel commander. 
A special dispatch to the Cincinnati Gazette from 
the field of battle at Garrick's Ford, on the 14th, says 
that on the night of the llth, the rebel army at 
Laurel Hill, under the command of Brigadier-General 
Garnett, lato Major in tilt* United States Army, evac* 
uated its camp iu great haste on learning of General 
McClolland’s approach to Beverly, apparently hoping 
to pass that place before General McClelland arrived, 
and thus escape the trap set for them by a passage 
through Cheat Mountain Gap. 
The evacuation was discovered on the morning of 
the 12th, and pursuit was instantly ordered. By 10 
o’clock, tho 9th Indiana regimeut entered the rebel 
camp on Laurel Hill, and found a largo number of 
tents, a lot of flour, camp equipage, clothing, and 
several sick aud wounded, with a note asking us to 
give them proper attention. The whole route for 
twenty miles was strewn with baggage throwu from 
their wagons to hasten their retreat. 
The rebel army wont within three miles of Beverly, 
and there found the rebels flying from Rich Moun¬ 
tain, and finding the escape to Huttonsville impossi¬ 
ble, they all united and returned towards Laurel Hill 
and took the road in the direction of St. George. 
The division of Gen. Morris pursued them for a 
mile or two beyond I^eedsville that night, and then 
halted until 3 o’clock in tho morning, when the 
advance resumed pursuit and continued it all day, in 
spite of the Incessant rain pouring down. 
Tho rebel army left the Pike, struck Cheat river, 
and pursued the mountain road down the valley. 
Our advance, composed of the 14t)i Ohio and 7th and 
9th Indiana regiments, pushed on, guided through 
the mountain gullies by the tents, camp furniture, 
provisions, and knapsackB thrown from the wagons 
to facilitate their flight. Our troops forded Cheat 
river four times, aud finally, about 1 o’clock, came 
up with the enemy’s rear guard. 
Tho llth Ohio advanced rapidly to the ford in 
which the enemy’s wagons were standing, when 
suddenly the rebel army opened a furious fire on 
them with small arms and two rifled cannon from the 
bluff on the opposite side of tbe river, where they 
had been concealed. The firing was too high and 
tbe 14th returned it with spirit Meanwhile two 
pieces of the Cleveland Artillery came up and opened 
on the rebels, and the 9th Indiana advanced to sup¬ 
port the 14th Ohio’s left, while the 7th Indiana crossed 
the river between the two firefl and came in on the 
enemy's left flank. The rebels lied in great disorder, 
leaving their finest pieces of artillery. 
For example 
left the camp of Kt. Outer at the same time, arrived 
together in the Crimea (in the month of October, 
1865), encamped side by side, having submitted to 
the same atmospheric vicissitudes and performed 
like service, one of them had preserved, on the 1st 
of April, 1855, 2,224 soldiers, out of a force of 2,676 
men; while the other, with a force of 2,327 men, 
had left to it only 1,239. This account includes 
those who died from disease, and not from wounds 
received in battle. In the navy the commander of a 
vessel watches over the composition of the food of 
tho crew, and, moreover, respects scrupulously the 
hour for breakfast and that for dinner; never is it 
delayed, anticipated, or interrupted. 
It is desirable that the same scruples should per¬ 
vade the army, and that these wise measures for the 
preservation of health should never be infringed 
without a clear and absolute necessity. Rewards are 
given to colonels of cavalry in whose equadrous is 
preserved the greatest number of horses, which re¬ 
sult in an excellent and profitable emulation. Similar 
results, but still more important and happy, would 
be experienced, if like rewards were bestowed upon 
the colonels whose batallions were distinguished for 
the healthy condition of the men. 
HOW PERCUSSION CAPS ARE MADE 
Tur. inventor of percussion caps is alleged to be 
Joseph Manton, an Englishman, who took out a 
patent in ISIS. His first caps were made of small 
copper cups charged with percussion powder, similar 
to those still in use. Other parties soon tried to 
evade his patent by using small copper discB charged 
with percussion powder, but these were held to be 
covered by the patent. The cap was a great improve¬ 
ment upon the loose charge of a pellet of percussion 
powder placed in the nipple, and all fire-arms except 
those furnished with Maynard’s primer, or explosive 
cartridges, are adapted for percussion caps. 
Percussion caps are formed of a soft copper alloy, 
which is principally obtained from France in the 
form of thin sheets. The first operation is cutting 
these sheets into narrow strips with roller shears. 
The next step is punching out tbe blank caps, and 
striking them up in dies iu a machine. The strips of 
copper are led in between small rollers over a small 
table which has four dies in it. A punch comes 
down, and at each stroke cuts out four blanks in a 
row from the strip. Each blank is formed like a 
Maltese cross, and just as it is cut out, a small round 
plunger pin strikes it in the middle, forces it into a 
small couical die in the table below, and thus forms 
it into a cap. At the very instant the small die 
plungers are raised, a puff of wind from a blower 
throws the four caps out of the dies iuto a receiving 
box, and tbe dies are ready for upsetting another set 
of blanks, Sufficient copper is left in the strips after 
punching to enable them to be carried forward to 
Turnon Hrownlow’* Daughter. 
In onr last issue we gave the history of the diffi¬ 
culties encountered by Tennessee’s “fighting parson,” 
because he persisted in keeping the “ Flag of our 
Union" flying from a staff upon hiH house. The parson 
has a daughter fully as plucky as himself, it would 
seem from the following, which we find in the 
Chicago Journal: 
A gentleman just arrived in this city from Knox¬ 
ville, Tenn., brings intelligence of affairs in that city. 
The house of the celebrated, bold-hearted, and out¬ 
spoken Parson Brownlow is the only one in Knox¬ 
ville over which the Stars and Btripes are floating. 
A few days ago two armed secessionists wcut at six 
o’clock in the morning to haul down the Stars and 
Stripes. Miss Brownlow, a brilliant young lady of 
twenty-three, saw them on the piazza, and stepped 
out and demanded their business. They replied that 
they had come to “take down them Stars and Stripes.” 
She instantly drew a revolver from her side, and pre¬ 
senting it said, “Go on! I’m good for one of you, 
and I think for both!” 
“ By the looks of that girl’s eye she’ll shoot,” one 
remarked. “ I think we'd bettw not try it; we’ll go 
back and get more men,” said the other. 
“Go and get more men,” said the noble lady; get 
more men, and come and take it down, if you dare.” 
