94 
MOORE'S RURAL HEW 
X a A •. * 
STS'PT 4 A 
i!)XiX Jt • X^, 
HAWTHORN HEDGES. 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker :—When I last wrote 
you I expected to continue the subject of live hedges, 
but think now I must adopt a different course. J am 
induced to change principally from the frequent calls 
by letter for information on point* that all who 
desire a good hawthorn hedge may be anxious to 
know. I would here state to such persons as have 
not received answers to their inquiries, that the 
reason is I find the tax of paying postage, in addition 
to writing, a leetle too much for the benefit accruing 
to me. 
I would state, firBt, that unless a person wishes to 
go into the business of growing the thorn from seed 
largely, I would not advise them to do so on a small 
scale. It is a tedious operation. Still, if persons 
desire it, they can generally procure seed by mail. 
The first thing in planting a hedge, is to have the 
ground in good tilth —cannot be too clean—well 
drained, and well graded. Take the ground in its 
natural state, avoiding all manures, and cultivate 
eight or tern inches deep, four feet wide. Tho reason 
I recommend moving the earth only a spade’s depth, 
is that the thorn makes little or no growth upward 
until it has a firm roothold in the subsoil. T have 
seen it recommended to dig two spits deep before 
planting, but I have never seen any success from 
such a course. 
Another error is, persons unused to the plant think 
that if the seed ho sown in a drill where the hedge 
is wanted, that they shall attain their point easier 
than by putting in plants. This is an error. The 
seed is very uncertain in its germination, and it 
takes from one to four years for all to come up. 
Thus, you see, such a hedge would be a sorry spec¬ 
tacle; another thing, the plants would he at uncer¬ 
tain distances either too thick or too thin. I 
recommend getting plants from a nurseryman. Plant 
all large sizes by themselves, small ones the same. 
The ground having been well worked, the next 
process is to grade. This Is done by a line, the 
longer the bettor—Bay twenty rods in length. Lay 
your line for road fences two feet within the bound¬ 
ary. This will give plenty of room for spreading. 
I prefer more than less, as I find some here are more 
particular in regard to u foot or a yard of ground 
than in Europe. I once bad to move ft road hedge 
because it intruded two inches, after it had been 
planted four years, on a road four rods wide. How¬ 
ever, my informer or complainant had the law in his 
favor, and I moved it. This led to an examination 
of the Informer’s fences, when it was found he had 
intruded over half ft rod! I advise planting within 
two feet, say two and one-half, as it is a serious thing 
to move an old hedge, oven if it he but a few inches. 
Line fences there is no difficulty about, and no 
danger of removal when once well planted. In 
planting lino fences, I should plant eight or ten 
inches apart; let them grow three years without 
cutting, then plash. This will make a most effective 
hedge, such a one as even our redoubtable friend 
Robinson would not like to scale. 
The ground being raked, and the line stretched as 
tight as possible, will enable the workman to notice 
inequalities that otherwise would escape observation. 
Grade with a hoe or rake. Beat the surface a foot 
wide from the line, hack of where the plant is to be 
placed; this makes a firm surface to work against. 
If the plants are large-rooted, the next thing will he 
to dig out a trench four or six inches deep, lotting 
the side next tho line lie perpendicular, that the 
plants may stand upright against the beaten surface. 
Having thrown out the earth on an Inclined plane, 
proceed to place the plants in Ruch position as you 
wish. For a neat ornamental, or road fence, say 
four inches apart—fifty to the rod; for line fence, 
eight, ton, or even twelve inches. For fancy or 
ornamental hedges, cut the plants off one inch from 
the ground at time of planting. Plant deeper than 
the collar. 
After placing the plants in the trench, and filling 
in dirt two or three inches, tread the same firmly on 
the roots; then till up the trench, treading lightly 
thereon. Finally, finish off by straightening up the 
plants with fingers and thumbs. Then rake off 
smooth in front of the plants, leaving all neat. 
Skaneateles, N. Y., 1861. W. M- Bkacchamu. 
Many farmers are turning their hogs, unadorned 
with “rings in their noses,” into these pastures, and 
they fatten on these root-eating grubs. What shall 
we do with these pastures and meadows? After con¬ 
siderable inquiry, the writer is convinced that, if it 
is not desired to plow the land, and crop it before 
seeding, be would barrow it this fall — right away — 
thoroughly turning up the grubs, then sow the seed— 
timothy and clover— and roll it thoroughly. The 
roller M ill kill most or all of these grubs; they are 
veiy easily killed, and with the proper mulch, a good 
crop of grass may be secured next season. I notice 
that the newly seeded fields do not seem to Vie 
infested —the old meadows and pastures with the 
thick sward Buffering most. The reader may draw 
his own inferences from this fact 
You shall hear more, as I learn more of it. Mean¬ 
time let Borne member of the distinguished Stumble- 
bugger family look at the specimens herewith 
forwarded. Chas. D. Bragdon. 
Napxrvillk, 111., August 28, 1861. 
“THE WHITE GRUB,” 
gural spirit of the jgre$0. 
Colls on a Hard Floor. 
Some people state that colts should stand on a 
hard plank floor, in order to toughen them for a 
hard road. It looks to roe like putting hard, thick- 
shoes on an infant’s foot to raise corns that will 
trouble him for life. Let colts stand on a Boft, moist 
floor, sayB the New England Farmer . 
quality only, and that not generally the most import- | 
ant, is considered. Our contemporary observes: 
“We have seeu oxen, well matched for size, color 
and disposition, oxen that were trained to draw npon 
a stone-drag, and to do it in the best manner; and 
yet, for the every-day work of the farm in the various 
operations of plowing, carting, Ac., they were as 
unfitted as a pair of two-year-old steers, bo far as per¬ 
fect discipline and handiness are concerned. They 
had been trained to pull, but knew nothing about 
anything else. If upon a cart, it would take half an 
acre of land for them to turn round on; and if en¬ 
gaged in loading manure, the cart could not Vie 
hacked to the heap, especially if the chance fordoing 
it was somewhat narrow, without lifting at the wheel, 
or bothering and fretting the cattle.” 
Just so. It may be of great importance to have a 
yoke of oxen that can “twitch” the biggest log in 
the “ lumber-swamp,” and for this great size may be 
an object, but for the general purposes for the farm, 
we have often seen medium sized cattle that were far 
more useful. Some of our Connecticut friends,— 
whose handsome oxen will move a load backwards 
with about as much facility and exactness as any 
could move it forwards, governed only “by the word 
of mouth,” and which at the same time could tire 
good horses at a fair test with the plow,—understand 
this matter. 
Uural IX otes emit Stems. £l)e Kerns Canfrenser. 
IAce on Cattle. 
Silas Mason gives the following simple remedy 
for these vermin, in the New England Farmer :— 
“Take poke root, sometimes called blue dragon or 
hellebore, and boil enough to get a very Btrong tea 
or wash, and apply it as a wash thoroughly, and it 
will surely kill every one of the vermin, and without 
the least detriment to cattle. One good application 
is sufficient.” 
Skimming RlilU. 
8. L. Watti.ES writes to the Country Gentleman, 
“Our women have a way of taking off the cream 
without the use of the Bkimmer. They use a knife 
only. They run the knife around the milk in the 
pan, to separate tho cream from the sides of the pan. 
Then they set the bottom of the milkpan at the edge, 
on the rim of the cream-pan; then with the left hand 
elevate one side of the milk-pan so that the cream, 
w-ith tho help of the knife in the right hand, will 
run off into the creara-pan. After a little practice 
it is done very quickly, and saves both time and 
cream.’ 
Pigs—How to Help Them Along. 
A WHITER in the Stock Journal says that if you 
should want to make anything very nice of your pigs 
(for you can), when the pigs are about ten days old 
commence to carry the basin ol warm milk into the 
pen, and let the pig get hold of the edge of the 
basin, and spill a little into his mouth; if he gets 
any, he is learned. Make a small pen outside of the 
pen, and cut a small hole, not large enough for the 
old sow, hut for the pigs to come Into the little pen; 
then put a small flat trough in it, and feed them each 
time sweet milk, and, as they advance in age, give 
them of the same milk as the sow. 
A(IniinlnLering Medicine to Horses. 
Geo. Beaver writes thus to the American Agri¬ 
culturist :—‘‘I consider the usual method of giving 
medicine to horses by drenching, as it is called, 
highly objectionable. In this process, the horse’s 
head is raised and held up, a bottle Introduced into 
his mouth, his tongue pulled out, and the liquid 
poured down. In his struggle, some of the medicine 
is quite likely to be drawn into his windpipe and 
lungs, and inflammation and fatal results sometimes 
follow. A better way is to mix the medicine with 
meal, or rye bran; make it into balls, pull out the 
horse’s tongue, and place a hall as far back in his 
mouth as possible; then release his tongue, and he 
will almost certainly swallow the ball. Or the dose 
may be mixed with meal and honey, or other sub¬ 
stance that will form a kind of jelly, placed upon a 
small wooden blade made of a shingle, and thrust 
into the back part of his mouth, when he will very 
easily swallow it,” 
About Keeping “a Grower.” 
A correspondent of the New England Farmer 
who resides in Halifax, Nova Scotia, and rejoices in 
the nom deplume of “Cock-a-doodle-doo,”thus treats 
this important topic: 
“I take pleasure in pernsing the communications 
to your valuable paper, and am sometimes amused 
at the queer notions put forth in some of them. 
For instance, in a letter in the June number, signed 
“Warfield, Vt.,” tho writer states:—'I do not keep 
a crower, as I save the cost of keep, and besides, 
what is a greater advantage, the bens may sit several 
days longer on their eggs without spoiling them for 
use.’ What docs he mean by the term ‘a crower?’ 
Is it a crow of the comparative degree? Crow, 
crower, crowcst—or is it an animal that crows and 
docs nothing else? But, joking aside, I cannot agree 
with ‘Warfield’ at all, respecting the eoonomy of not 
keeping a ‘crower.’ If the hens are not worth the 
cost of keeping a crower besides their own keep, 
they are a poor set; besides, it is very ungenerous to 
deny them the pleasure of a companion while the 
fancier takes all the eggs he can get from them. 
“The bird In question, call him what you may, Is 
of great consequence in a hen yard. He talks to the 
hens, helps them to select their nests, sympathizes 
with them in all their troubles, settles all their differ¬ 
ences, calls them to breakfast and dinner, protects 
them from their enemies, Ac. How is Warfield to 
keep up his stock or improve it? He must be totally 
dependent on some one else who is llbeial enough to 
keep a crower, or else he will he in a bad fix. Again, 
as to the eggs keeping sound while sat upon. He 
must be a half-and-half hen fancier who does not 
take in the eggs every day. I never have any stolen 
nests in my establishment. I keep eleven hens and 
a crower, and can tell to which hen every egg be¬ 
longs when I take it from the nest; besides, I should 
like something more than mere assertion t,o convince 
me that a fertilized egg will not keep as well as the 
eggs from “Warfield's” hens. I would recommend 
him to get a crower, and raise half a dozen pullets 
every summer, An order that, he may have a continu¬ 
ous yield of eggs, and be enabled to put away the 
old hens after they have passed their prime. 
“1 would recommend Hie Black Hamburg as the 
best kind Of fowls for general use, and they would 
suit ‘ Warfield’ to a nicety, as they never want to sit; 
they are good layers; the eggs are nearly as large as 
those of the Black Spanish: and the fowls are hand¬ 
some and well proportioned—not so long legged »s 
the Spanish. They have largo rose combs, which 
droop prettily on one side, and are hardy and easily 
kept. With these few remarks 1 will close, hoping 
that the opinion which seems to prevail in the States, 
‘that a crower ought not to crow,’ will shortly he 
exploded.” 
Ho ! fob the Agricultural Fairs !—This is the season 
of Fairs, when it is the duty, as we trust it is the pleasure, 
of the great mass of our readers to contribute to the success 
of the exhibitions in their respective States and localities. 
Let those who would promote the cause of Rural Improve¬ 
ment through associations and their exhibits, make proper 
efforts in the right direction, by attending at least one Fair 
and contributing thereto the product of industry, skill or 
taste. This 1* a matter in which Farmers, Horticulturists, 
Manufacturers, and indeed producers and artisans of most 
classes, can cordially unite, and each should strive to demon¬ 
strate some “ progress and improvement” even in time of 
war and its attendant excitement. While we unitedly sustain 
the War for the Union, let us not forget or neglect to pro¬ 
mote the Interests which must be relied upon to maintain 
that War and insure the continued prosperity of the People 
and Country. 
The New York State Fair, to be held at Watertown next 
week—Sept. 17th to 20th—promises to be worthy the Society 
and State. The arrangements are said to be very complete, 
and a large attendance and fine exhibition may be anticipa¬ 
ted. The local committees have made ample provision for 
the occasion, including the reception and accommodation of 
strangers, while the preparations of the Society are said to 
be sneb as cannot fail of eliciting public approval. Arrange¬ 
ments have been made to convey Stock and Articles for 
exhibition, to and from the Fair, free, over the Hudson 
River, New York Central. Erie and F.lmira and Canandaigua 
Branch, Rome, 'Watertown and Potsdam Railroads. Meetings 
for Agricultural Discussions will be held each evening durlDg 
the Fair, in a central, commodious and well lighted room, 
Tho Annual Address will be delivered on Friday by the Hon. 
Wm. M. Evabtb, of New York. 
— For list of other Fairs see last week’s Rural. 
— There are now 1,800 “ contrabands " at Old Point. 
— There are now over 800 men employed in the Watervliet 
arsenal. 
— Business affairs have assumed a more cheerful aspect in 
Rhode Island. 
— The stage fare from Sacramento to Missouri has been 
reduced to $155. 
— There are upward of 22,000 persons in England and 
Wales who are blind. 
— All the Union postmasters in East Tennessee are being 
removed by Jelf. Davis 
— The private subscriptions to the Italian loan have already 
amounted to 065.000,000 francs. 
— A scion of the oldest barony in the Empire died a few 
days since in an Irish poorhouse. 
— A fine marble quarry has been found in Southern Oregon, 
about 20 miles from Jacksonville. 
— Accounts from Haytl state that the coffee crop there 
promUeB an unusually large yield. 
— The Wilmington, Del., city election has resulted in the 
election of an entire Union ticket. 
— It is estimated that the wealth of Massachusetts amounts 
to twelve hundred million dollars. 
The Fair of the Milwaukee Agricultural and Mechan¬ 
ical Association was held last week. Our Western Cor¬ 
responding Editor was present, and informs us in a hasty 
note that the exhibition of Horses was large, there being 150 
entries; and that the quality of the stock was In the main 
excellent,, The Wisconsin herds of Durham*, Devons and 
Alderneys were well represented. There was a large exhibi¬ 
tion of Swine, embracing some animals worthy of further 
notice. There were pen* of Spanish and French Merino 
Sheep, South Down*, Leicester* and Cotewolds. No premi¬ 
ums were offered for manufactured articles, except Agricul¬ 
tural Implements and Machinery; neither for Farm, or 
Orchard, or Garden products—hence there was no exhibition 
in these department.*. There was a respectable exhibition 
of Farm Implements, though not a large number. The Fair 
was poorly attended, and in that respect a failure. Our Aid - 
has notes of the noteworthy feature*, which will appear 
hereafter. 
Our Acknowledgments are due and tendered to the 
Officers of various Agricultural Societies—State, Provincial 
and Local—for premium lists, bills, and complimentary cards 
of Admission to Fair*, Fuel) favora are gratefully appre¬ 
ciated, though their number precludes further notice of 
each exhibition than was given in our list last week; while 
our laok of the power or ubiquity will limit personal re¬ 
sponses to invitations. We hope, however, to attend several 
Fairs in this State, Canada, and the West, the prominent 
features of which will be noted for the information of Rural 
readers. 
Reports of Fairs. —We shall be glad to receive accounts 
of the most noteworthy features of the Agricultural Fairs 
now being held, from those who can and will give brief, con¬ 
densed report*. What we desire 1* a summary of the most 
important feature* and doing*, statement of receipts, success 
compared with former years, &C, Correspondents and officers 
of Societies will therefore oblige us by furnishing note* of 
their exhibitions, with *uch additions a.* they think will prove 
interesting and useful to the agricultural community. 
— The coronation of the King and Queen of Prussia will 
take place at Konig^berg. in October. 
— The widow of ex-Gov. Bouck died at the old homestead, 
in the town of Fulton, on the 10th ult. 
— Salt is selling in Richmond at $6 to $7 per barrel. No 
wonder they want the Kanawha region. 
— Gen. Watkins, a commander of the Southern forces in 
Missouri, is a half brother of Henry Clay. 
— Nearly the whole amount, $10,000,000, of the new loan 
assigned to Boston has been already taken. 
— The New Orleans Delta says the sugar crop is very large, 
but planters don't know what to do with it. 
— The Cincinnati tradesmen give notice through the papers 
that they will receive treasury notes at par. 
— The census of Nova Scotia, ju*t completed, shows a 
population of 350,690, against 276,117 in 1851. 
— The exportation of cereal* from California to other parts, 
the past year, amounts to $4,000,000 in value. 
— A Parisian journalist, mortified at the rejection of an 
article he had written, recently hung himself. 
— The Rabbs in Cracow and Tatnon, Poland, have forbidden 
women in hoops from attending the synagogue. 
— A detatchment of a Massachusetts regiment captured, 
on the 2d inst, 22 of the Charleston Home Guard. 
— The emigration to Oregon, now on the way, is said to 
amount to 3,000 wagons, and from 12,000 to 15,000 souls. 
— The number of spindles in Ireland, running on the 
manufacture of (lax, Is 550,000. employing 27,000 people 
— The receipt* of grain by lake, at Buffalo, on the 6th 
inst., were very heavy, amounting to over 944,000 bushels. 
— A whale in Nantucket harbor, on Friday week, created 
quite a furore among the population of that neighborhood. 
— Tennyson is expected to w rite the poem for the opening 
of the great World's Fair at London, during the coming year 
— We learn that the Erie County Savings Bank, on the 
6th inst., sent a subscription of $25,0*10 to the Popular Loan. 
— The New York Collector employsfemale revenue officers, 
whose duty consist* lu searching suspicion- parties of their 
OrkgonSi-ri.no M'hi;at.—W» are indebted to Mr. BrntON 
Barnard, of Livingston Co., for a sample of Spring Wheat 
grown from seed obtained in Oregon. The head iB peculiar, 
being flat and about ari inch wide—having several branches 
on each aide, and thus unlike any other wheat we have ever 
seen. It is quite prolific,—tho berry white and fair,’superior 
^nquims and 
to ordinary varieties Of spring wheat. Mr. B. sowed ODO 
bushel of seed (on about an acre of grouud) the middle of 
April, when other kind* were sown, hut the crop ripened 
and was cut a week earlier. The yield is estimated at 40 
bushels. We are promised the exact figures as to ground 
and yield so soon as measured. 
. Mr. K, S. Chaim*. or West Bloomfield, N. Y., has sent 
us a handsome sample of red wheat, known as the ‘‘Hope- 
well Wheat.,” having originated on the farm of a Mr. Whit¬ 
tier, in the town of Hopewell, Ontario county. Mr. C. 
thinks “it as early or even earlier than the Mediterranean; 
it grows on a good, nice straw, stands up well, and bids fair.’ 
Dear Moore:— I have to-day had an opportunity 
to examine what is here called “ The White Grub,” 
and its work. This grub has been described to me ns 
being identical with the grub “we boys used to im¬ 
pale on our fish-hooks when we went a fishing,”—but 
I confess 1 do not identify it as the same with which 
I was acquainted. That was a gray grub. This is 
from one and a quarter to one and a half inches long, 
with a yellow (a chrome yellow) head, six legs im¬ 
mediately back of the head, which propel the body, 
dragging the rear part after it. These legs are used to 
excavate the holes in the earth in which they bury 
themselves, eating the roots of the herbage entirely 
clean. The grub is white immediately back of the 
head and half of the body, terminating In the rear 
in a gray or dirt-color, in some instances nearly 
black. It is sparsely covered with hairs, light 
colored. I am not acquainted with it, and inasmuch 
as I propose to send you specimens, will not under¬ 
take a critical description. I have no means at hand 
for identifying it, and will therefore simply tell you 
what it is doing here. 
On my way hither from Pan by Station, on the 
Chicago and Galena Union K&ilroad, in a stage coach, 
yesterday, 1 saw hundreds of acres of timothy and 
blue-grass pastures without a green blade visible — 
the roots of these grasses having been entirely con¬ 
sumed by these grubs. They cat just below the 
surface, and the herbage cleaves from the ground as 
fur from a moth-eaten skin! Their work astonishes 
me. The ground is literally full and alive with these 
filthy but active and well-fed fellows. They do not 
touch red clover, and they shun the wet places and 
all hard trodden spots. They work in the dry, light, 
upland prairie soil, t saw fields of corn in which 
acres of it were withering because the supply of food 
had been cut off by these grubs —the feeding roots 
had been consumed. And to-day, in company with 
Hon. Lkwis F.i.lswgrth, (at whose pleasant home 
this is being written,] I have visited strawberry 
plantations which are nearly destroyed ; have seen 
three year old European Larches the roots of which 
are gone, pear stocks destroyed, apple seedlings used 
np, and Osage Orange plants, by the acre, extinct,— 
all this devastation having been accomplished by this 
same “white grub.” Now, I have seen the army 
worm al work, and the grass-hoppers clipping off the 
oat heads at reaper rate, but I charge this pest with 
being the “hardest case” yet; for these timothy and 
blue-grass meadows and pastures are not going to re¬ 
vive wbeu the grub disappears and the earth is 
moistened by the fall rains. The roots are destroyed 
—no vitality is left. There will he no more fall feed, 
arid no spring herbage. It must be re-seeded. 
Hungarian Grass for Hav—When Should it rk Cut?— 
If those of the Rural Tender* who have cultivated this gnu* 
will give their views ms to what stage of growth it should he 
cut for making hay, they will oblige many farmers who lack 
thi* experience.—J, B, POTTER. Madison. Lair Co., O. 
Pasturing Mowing Lniuls in Autumn, 
John Johnston, who is good authority on all 
matters relating to practical farming, writes to the 
Boston. Cultivator as follows:—“I think it bad 
policy to pasture meadows — mowing ground — in 
autumn or spring. We can get here, doublo the 
quantity of hay, if the meadow is not pastured, and 
therefore we only require half the land to get the 
given quantity of hay from, and the other half can 
be appropriated to Borne thing else.” This agrees 
with the opinion of the Maine Farmer upon the sub¬ 
ject, but a correspondent of the Valley Farmer gives 
reasons for an opposite course. He says: 
“ My experience is that pasturing meadows of any 
kind in the fall season of the year, is a decided ad¬ 
vantage to them, provided they are not pastured too 
much, and for tho following reasons!—If a meadow 
is left to stand after harvest without pasturing in the 
mouths of August and September, if there be any fall 
rains, the wild grasses aud weeds will spring up, and 
as they grow nincti taller than the fall growth of 
timothy or blno-grsM, they seem to choke out the 
fall growth of the young grass; and if the weeds and 
wild grasses are allowed to remain all winter and 
spring, they will be materially in the way the follow¬ 
ing harvest. 1 have had ample experience to prove 
tins in our rich bottom lands. My opinion is that 
meadows should be pastured after harvest, say in the 
months of September aud October, sufficiently to 
keep down the weeds and wild grasses. I have 
noticed, particularly in our bottom meadows, where 
a partition fence ran through the meadow and where 
one side was pastured regularly every fall season, and 
on the other side, being a corn field, or iu some way 
not admitting pasture by stock, that while the side 
of the meadow regularly pastured every fall would 
keep u good set, the other side, not being pastured, 
would iu a few years be taken with wild weeds and 
become worthless, unless broken up and newly set.” 
”Coercion ” AS aim-lied to Swine.— 1, as a sufferer, wish 
to inquire of those loyal to the agricultural interest, through 
their organ, the R< HAL, by what means we cat) effectually 
put flown rebellion among onr swine and Flop the lawless 
attempt* to overthrow our beautiful pastures and meadows, 
I’uttlug a wire twice threngb Hio rim of the nose, with » 
twist to keep it them, seem* rather severe coercion; to im¬ 
prison would be expensive, and would hurry them to the 
barrel which thev are in so way prepared to meat. Ia there 
any inode of disabling that hostile member by injuring the 
cord with an awl or knife, so that they can nor ‘‘run the 
thing into the ground.” Can it not be performed on the little 
“Jeff's,” and make them swear allegiance? — E., A artli Chut , 
A* Y. 
Discipline' xr*. Strength. 
Under this head, the Maine Farmer brings up a 
subject which is deserving of the attention of all 
farmers where oxen are used for labor,— especially 
“ about these days,” when cattle-shows prevail. We 
have in several instances noticed the undue value 
which has been giveu to mere strength in working 
oxen. We have attended shows where the pair that 
could move the largest load on a drag or stone-bout, 
were awarded the first premium. This is just abont 
as unreasonable as to award u premium to a horse 
merely because he had trotted a mile in less time 
than any other in the class. In either case, a single 
Founder. —I have a colt which has bad the misfortune to 
become foundered. What shall I do for him?—W. R., Jlow- 
ar<l , N. I'., 1861. 
We give the treatment recommended by two veterinary 
authors, and our inquirer may choose for himself which to 
adopt: 
According to Jennings, (f the animal is in full conditinil, 
two quarts of blood should be taken from each of the fore feel; 
an active purging ball should be given, followed by one-drachm 
doses of belladonna, made into pills, every four hours; poul¬ 
tices of flaxseed mfli- should be applied to the feet for several 
days; injections of snap am! water ft'so onght not to be 
neglected. By this treatment tho animal is usually well 
again in n week, or even less; but if tho disease is neglected 
until It becomes chronic, the animal will ever after remain 
unsound, though he may bo rendered useful. From the 
alteration or disorganization of structure that takes place, 
there can little be done in the chronic stage, except careful 
shoeing, which the smith should understand. 
iVm. Henry Herbert prescribes the following remedies:— 
Aconite, Bryonia, Veratrum , Arsenicum, and Rhus toxicoden¬ 
dron. 
Aconite, if there is inflammation, the animal stands as if 
rooted to one spot, the breathing is hurried and interrupted, 
the breath is hot, and the pulse accelerated. Bose —Six drops 
every one, two, or three hours. 
Bryonia, complete stiffness of the limbs, with swelling of 
the joints. Dole— Six drops every two hours. 
Veratrum, if it is brought on by violent exercise. Dote— 
The same as directed for Byronia. 
Arsenicum, if it is caused by bad or heating food, or after a 
cold drink, when overheated. Dote —The same as directed 
for Aconite. 
Rhus t'xricodendrm, if there is much pain in the feet, and 
the animal is very stiff in his movements. Dose —Six drops 
or eight globules three times a day; at the same time, the 
limbs may be bathed with asolution of Rhus, externally, twice 
a day.' 
It is Paid For 1—As our terms are cash in advance, those 
who roccive the Rural without having subscribed for it, will 
please understand that some one has kindly “ assumed thu 
responsibility.” Such is the fact iu regard to the copy con¬ 
cerning which we have just received this note from Chlli- 
cotho, Ohio:—” 1 have for some time been the recipient of 
your valuatde paper, and it* weekly appearance is looked for 
with great interest by my wife and self she for the interest¬ 
ing domestic matter contained therein, and I fur the decided 
stand you take on the ‘ K PlurUrus Umm ’ question. 1 think 
you give evidence nf being 1 all right. But, my dear air, to 
whom ain 1 indebted for this privilege, or am I reading your 
paper without compensation* If so, write me, and I will 
‘fork over.’ I desire a continuance of it as long as you furnish 
us with such recipes, &c., aud are sound on the L nion for if 
sentiment* like yours were promulgated in our papers gen¬ 
erally, 1 seeesh ’ would not receive much sympathy.” 
Or r Fall Campaign.— The prompt responses to our offer, 
last week, of the Rural from September 1st or October 1st to 
January, on trial, at only half price, are encouraging. The 
first was from Livingston, Co.. N. Y-, with a remittance for 
several trial subscribers, closing with this remark:— “ At the 
extreme low piled you advertise, l hope to be able to semi 
you a lurge list. ' Some order the paper sent for the Trial 
Term to friends, near and distant, a* a present. To-day we 
have received orders to send copies to Scotland aud Australia. 
Though we make no immediate profit on trials, wo hope to 
circulate at least five thousand copies, and trust Rural 
agents and other friends will kindly aid in the endeavor. See 
particulars cm seventh page. 
Editorial Ciiange — Mr. Chas. D. Bragdon, for Several 
years past the editor of the Prairie Farmer , has withdrawn 
from that paper, and associated himself editorially with Mr. 
Moore, of the Rural New-Yorker. Mr. Bragdon will travel 
extensively through the Northwest f hilt summer and autumn, 
and then remove to Rochester, H. Y.. wbpre his duties will 
compel him to remain permanently. We part with Mr. 
Bragdon with reluctance He has been a Sincere friend of 
agricultural progress, and an efficient laborer in the Western 
field.— Wisconsin Farmer. 
Wi H. B., Auburn X. Y \—We are not aware that a Naval 
School is in existence in Buffalo. The begt way of ascertain¬ 
ing would be to drop a line to some of the local papers. 
POSTS Heaving. — In compliance with the request of a 
“Constant Reader." I would say that I live on a heavy soil, 
and have tried different methods of setting posts, but never 
succeeded in keeping them in until I filled the surrounding 
spacwwith stone, exclusively, using no dirt, and driving them 
in well with an iron bar. 1 have posts *et in this way that 
have stood well for three years.— M. C. Hopkins, Ripley. 
We copy the above item in order to correct the statement 
relative to Air. Bragdon's removal to Rochester. Brother 
Hoyt is in error, as no such removal is contemplated. 
Though Mr. B. would undoubtedly prove an invaluable office 
associate, he will continue in the equally important position 
now occupied—that of Western Corresponding Editor, resid¬ 
ing and traveling in the West. And all who have read his 
letters ia thi* and previous issues of the Rural will admit 
that he is “the right man iu the right place’’—for what he 
imparts is of interest and value to both Western and Eastern 
readers. Though not now connected with a paper published 
in the West, our large and wide circulation there makes Mr. 
B. “ an efficient laborer in the Western field.” 
— The following correction aud appreciative notice Is from 
the Northwestern Christian Advocate, Chicago: 
An Error Corrected. — Iu a late issue, in noticing the 
withdrawal of C. D- Bragdon, Esq,, from the editorship of 
the Prairie Parmer, and his connection as Western editor 
with Moore's Rural New-Yorker, we inadvertently stated 
a removal to Rochester, as contemplated byr him. We are 
happy to learn from Mr. Bragdon that such is not the case. 
Hi* able letters to the New-Yorker have already largely 
increased the value of that paper to our Western farmer*, and 
we notice that they have become prominent “clippings 1 in 
the agricultural departments of ourexebauges. Mr. Bragdon 
has a good eye, a ready pen, and we are glad that he ia still 
to be “ a permanency ” among us. 
— There is a man in East Bridgewater, Mass., 64 years old, 
who weighs 326. He has never stopped growing since he was 
born. 
— On tho 31st ult., a severe shock of earthquake was 
experienced at Cincinnati, arousing the people from their 
sleep. 
— The Navy Department has recently furnished Fort 1 
Pickens with thirty nine-inch guns and munitions, aud 3,000 
shells 
— Garibaldi was one of the first to sign the Italian protest, 
originated by Maeeini, against the French occupation of 
Rome. 
— An aerolite fell near Lancaster, Eng., on the 1st ult. It 
weighed about 83 pounds, and was buried nearly six feet by 
it6 fall. 
_William Lyon McKenzie died in Toronto, on Wednesday 
week. Mr. McKenzie was a leader in the Canada troubles of 
1837-8. 
— Tbe Quartermaster's Department in St. Louis employs 
700 women, and in another week the force will be increased 
to 2,000. 
— A city horse railroad is to be immediately commenced 
in Montreal, the length of which, when completed, will be 
16 miles. 
— The quantity of coal mined in Yorkshire, England, last 
year, was 8,500,000 tuns. The number of collieries is now 
about 400. 
— There is an improvement in recruiting in many of the 
cities aud country towns since the second call of the 
Fresident. 
— Letters from Bordeaux state that a ship just arrived 
from Senegal has brought upward of 10,000 parrots aud 
paroquets. 
— Since the 4th of March last, there have been 69 changes 
in the office of the Auditor of the Treasury for the PoBtoffice 
Department. 
— There are one thousand one hundred and two newspapers 
and four hundred and eighty-one magazines published in 
Great Britain. 
— An unsuccessful attempt to seize ex-Gov. Thomas, of 
Maryland, was made by the secessionists of that State on 
Friday week. 
— The English Government inspector of railways has stated 
that the rate of speed on railways should not exceed forty 
miles an hour. 
— The citizens of Oregon are much concerned at the 
removal of tbe l'. S. troops, anticipating trouble with the 
border Indians. 
— A magnificent collection of mounted diamonds, the 
property of the late Sultan, are now on exhibition and for 
sale in London. 
— The residents of Poultney, Vt., intend celebrating the 
one hundredth anniversary of the incorporation of the town 
on the 21st inst. 
— Among the shipments last week from Boston to foreigd 
ports, were three hundred and eighty-three barrels of shoe 
pegs to Liverpool. 
— Hon. A. G. Dana, M. D., LL. D., one of the most dis¬ 
tinguished citisen* Pf Vermont, died at Brandon, in that 
State, on the 2lst ult. 
— The increase of correspondence from the Washington 
postoffice, consequent on the war, is enormous—70.DCK) 
letters a day being sent off. 
— Several of the Cape Ann fishing vessels are armed with 
rifled cannon. Privateers will meet with a warm reception if 
they venture to attack them. 
— A few gentlemen of St, Louis have subscribed $1,400 for 
the purchase bt a carriage and a pair of horses, which they 
will present to Mrs, Fremont. 
— Hon. Chas. Henry Foster, M. C. from North Carolina, 
has arrived at Washington for consultation with the Govern¬ 
ment on the affairs of his State. 
— By the Wyandotte, we have news from Fort Pickens to 
Angust23. The troops were all in good health. Large num¬ 
bers of the rebel troops had deserted 
— Citizens of Tennessee are leaviag that State in great 
numbers, rather than take the oath of allegiance to tie 
Government of the Southern Confederacy 
— The latest returns of the Bank of England show that iu 
vaults contain but £12,360.445, against £15,651,544 at the 
time last year—& decrease $ 16 ; OOO.OOG. 
— Lieut. Cate engaged 20 bakers in LawreuctT, Mass., a” * 
vicinity, on liia recent visit home. This will increase 
force in the basement of the Capitol to about i5, 
— News from Louisville indicutes the certainty of the Ken- 
tacky Legislature giving its whole weight in the support 
the administration. Gov. Magoffin promises obedient- 
