iGETico/rcaiL. 
SEASONABLE NOTES. 
We have just passed through what is supposed to 
be our eqninoxial storm. The heavy rains of the 
few past days have injured aur fall flowers, and the 
high winds did injury to fruit. In some orchards a 
third of the crop is on the grpnnd, and some of our 
best pear trees are nearly stripped. With us, Socket 
and Flemish Beauty suffered most. About ten days 
since, we had a white frost, but not sufficient to do 
iDjury. Grapes are ripening ranch better than we 
anticipated, and the Isabella, in good situations, 
where the vines have been properly pruned, will per¬ 
fect their fruit. Good winter apples arc now selling 
at $2 per barrel. Flemish Beauty and Louise Bonne 
de Jersey pears are pretty plenty in our streets, though 
they bring ft high price. 
The few weeks of pleasant weather before winter 
should be improved in dressing beds of herbaceous 
plants, transplanting to the border such as have been 
grown in seed-beds the past summer, and making 
beds of tulips, hyacinths, and other bulbous roots. 
Next spring, when such things arc about to blossom, 
hundreds will send their orders to the nurseries, and 
feel disappointed that they are not filled. If you 
want a show of flowers next summer, this is the 
time to make beds. Send on orders U nurserymen 
and florists at once. Much work can be done in the 
garden in the fall. Have everything in the garden 
cleaned up; make all changes of walks that may he 
needed; spading and trenching can better be per¬ 
formed now than at any other time. See that the 
celery is earthed np properly. You have now no 
time to lose, for winter may commence in earnest in 
three or four weeks. Last season hard frost came 
so snddenly that many lost their celery. Winter 
fruit should he picked before hard frost. Apples 
will endure more freezing than almost any other 
fruit, and the longer they remain on the trees the 
better. Where persons have only a few barrels, they 
may be a little venturesome, but orchardists, with 
largo crops that must find a market before winter, 
should gather early. A few specimens allowed to 
remain on the tree until after several hard frosts, 
will he found to he of much higher flavor than those 
gathered earlier in the season. 
ORCHARD CULTURE IN ILLINOIS. 
A canny young Scotch Southron, with whom I p 
was talking about fruit, said, “ Orchards appeared to t 
do well here until they came to he .seeded down, ns v 
they ought to he, when the bark louse infested them 
and destroyed them.” r 
The young man’s “ as they ought to be,” I suppose c 
to be but the echo of the opiniou of tlu* mass of t 
farmers here; for their practice is to seed down their j 
orchards; and they wonder at their unproductive t 
ness, greatly. The only really healthy, productive f 
trees I have seen, have been such as are cultivated — i 
not simply by digging np the sod close about the 
body of the tree, but by systematic culture of the , 
entire surface, in small hoed crops—potatoes, brans, , 
or even corn. If the trees make too rapid growth ; 
if they have made an abuudauce of wood, or too 
much to allow the development of fruit buds, and it 
is desired to throw them into bearing, clover is , 
sown in the spaces between the rows—lint not close 
abontthe trees—and the portion seeded is mowed a 
few years. This generally results in fruit, where 
before the only product was wood. 
Another thing: 1 find few stilted trees bearing— 
and a much less number that are healthy aud thrifty. 
The low heads, trees whose brauches start from 
within two feet (or less) of the ground, many of 
them lying on the ground, are almost invariably 
productive. I write this after having visited hun 
dreds of orchards in which all sorts of systems of 
pruning and cultnre, and no systems at all, have 
been practiced; and invariably the low headed, 
cleanly cultivated trees, are hcaiihy and productive. 
It is a grave and very ge.neral error among farmers 
to suppose that the orchard mny take care of itself, 
y ia a fatal error in almost all cases in the West. 
And if it does not, this is at once branded a poor 
fruit country. 
There is one other common expression that we 
hear from the owners of these grass-grown orchards. 
If we talk with them of the experience of the best 
orchardists, and refer them to the published reports 
of Horticultural Societies for information—for the 
experience and practice of those who have been suc¬ 
cessful—we are answered, ‘‘Well, you know we 
farmers don’t have time to keep posted In these 
matters—wo have too much to do, and can’t keep 
track of all these things.” And we hear this balder¬ 
dash until we find our fist clenching and itching to 
beat common sense into somebody! Why, we told a 
man to-day that we could sit still and with a pencil 
make more money for him in an hour than he would 
in three days by active out of door labor. He 
wanted to know how. We proved to his satisfaction, 
in terminates, that his crop of fifty acres of wheat 
was really less valuable, less profitable than his ten 
acreH of young (five years old) orchard trees—taking 
his own estimates of the product of each as a basis. 
And ills orchard was only half—scarcely that— cared 
for. In less than three-quarters of an hour we 
Bhowed him how ho might double the product of 
the soil in wheat, at less than as much again expense 
sb it cost to get his present crop of ten bushels per 
clean, straight growing plants, than with bushy ones. 
Another thing — having the plants so distant from 
each other, gives the weeder the opportunity of usiug 
the hoe where the hand has to do the work on hedges 
where the plants are only four inches apnrt. 
In planting, I generally advise leaving one plant 
next to tlie gate posts uncut, and also at the corners 
of fences, as these places are more tmhject to injury 
than other parts are. This method I have found a 
perfect remedy. Lotting such plants grow untrimmed, 
these may in five or six years he ornamentally cut into 
shapes to suit the fancy, either as vases, birds, or ani¬ 
mals, or left, as I leave mine, in a state of nature. 
Trimming hedges is often done without any regard 
to reason. I have seen fine hedges ruiued by being 
cut at the wrong season. In fact, 1 know from expe¬ 
rience that this is the great reason of failure. 
I have had a life-long experience in the hawthorn, 
and can surely say I never saw as fine plants of the 
same age in Europe, of as thrifty growth, as l have 
grown them here; and I think 1 may safely defy any 
person to prove a failure in this country, where the 
hedge has been properly planted and cultivated, that 
has not originated from improper trimming. I may at 
a future day say something more on this subject; but I 
cannot refrain from inviting certain agricultural pub¬ 
lishers who have explored the West in vain to find a 
good hedge fence, to see now what their own State 
can produce. 
I hope, Mr. Editor, you will renew your visit aud 
give your readers your opinion. Our Fair is on the 
gth and Oth of October. This will be a good time to 
view our fences redolent in nature’s livery of deep, 
rich green, and tempting scarlet fruit, unless the 
frosts are earlier than usual. 
Tub Prickly Ash.—I think, from Professor Tou- 
kby’8 statement, this plant would bo only suitable for 
a fancy hedge, as it is thornless. Whether It roots 
horizontally or not, I cannot say, as it does not grow 
in this vicinity. I am glad to see inquiries and 
experiments, as I feel positive it will conduce to the 
adoption of the hawthorn eventually. Your corres¬ 
pondent li. E. G. can obtain a good hawthorn hedge 
that will be a barrier that will strike terror into the 
trespasser in less time than I think he can get ttie 
plants together for twenty rods of hedge of “the 
prickly ash.” W. M, Beauchamp. 
1 Skaoeatelea, N, Y., Sept., 1841. 
I'OMrONE chrysanthemum. 
Our nurserymen are taking op and changing their 
Chrysanthemums for flowering. Those who want a 
good show of flowers for the house about Christmas 
time, cannot do better than to purchase the Chrysan¬ 
themum. They are of almost every desirable color, 
and the Pompone race as perfect aB a daisy, of one 
of which we give an engraving, while the old Indian 
Chrysanthemums are large, loose, und showy. A 
good Chrysanthemum, with hundreds of flowers, is a 
“thing of beauty” not often equaled. 
-- 
PROVINCIAL PAIR OP CANADA WEST. 
HORTICULTURAL DEPARTMENT. 
Men do not have time to get out of the old beaten 
track which leads straight to an exhausted soil, 
small crops, a mortgaged farm, and ultimate tore- 
closure! They do not have time to carefully examine 
aud "figure upon” any new glittering scheme that 
is presented for their adoption; but they rush head¬ 
long into H, auu never get out or Itl 
All through the country ia this lesson taught: 
Men have invested all they had in a single enterprise 
in which they had prevlonsly no experience, and 
have lost all —or might as well have lost it, for it is 
now subject to interminable litigation. The high 
price of produce, the ease with which crops could 
be grown here, and the low price of land, led hun¬ 
dreds of men ignorant of agricultural processes, 
practically, to immigrate hither, invest their all In a 
piece of land, ran in debt for tools and stock, ex¬ 
pecting to get their money back with the first crop. 
Entirely inexperienced, the first crop failed, the 
second was little better, but prices were worse, and 
the income no larger than the first year. Interest 
and ill-success gnawed like a canker upon the endu¬ 
rance and courage of the tyro of a farmer, breeding 
discontent and utter disgust with the business. 
Huch men have failed in every sense of the term, 
and arc glad to get back to their early occupation, 
if not to their early homes. They are the men who 
cast dark, deep shadows westward. No sun illumines 
the West for them. It is a gloomy, barren waste. 
But there are plenty of men who do “get along.” 
Rns. Rural Nrw-Yorkeu:— H. E. G. inquires as 
to the probable result of a hedge grown from prickly 
ash plants or seed. The result 1 think would he in 
almost every case a row of bushes that a pig would 
regard with contempt. A farmer not two miles from 
hero has tried it. Mis would not stop an ox. Very 
likely the work was not well done, but 1 believe the 
prickly ash to lie of too feeble growth and too apt to 
lose the lower branches ever to make a fence that 
would stop sheep or pigs. 
fVill any one tell what is the host hedge plant for 
Western New York? Will the honey-locust (Cite- 
(Utsclila triacanthasi) make a good hedge?— J. G. F., 
Stafford, A. K„ Sejit. 25, 1801. 
CULTURE OF STRAWBERRIES. 
New Hampshire and Maine. Why, sir, the straw¬ 
berry is fouud growing abundantly further to the 
north than any other of our garden or orchard fruits. _ 
Around Hudson’s Bay it is found in profusion, and 
Richardson, the explorer, found it plentiful in the 
Arctic region. Or the Pacific It Is found as far 
north as the Russian possessions, and it abounds 
around Puget Sound and at Vancouver’s Island, and 
along the entire shores of Oregon and California. ^ 
The strawberry will, therefore, succeed as well iu t 
our Northern States and in the British Provinces as 
it does around New York. Wm. It. Puinuk. 
Flushing, L. L, September, 1861. 
--— —+--♦ ♦ > ♦ - 
Horticultural Hotc$. < 
-- i 
Notes on tub Botany or Japan.—T here is a place i 
named Ah sax-saw, on the eastern side of Yeddo, which is 
renowned for its large Buddhist temples, its Ua-tionses, and 
Us gardens. The gardens were reported to contain au extra¬ 
ordinary collection of chrysanthemums, and 1 was therefore 
in duty bound to pay them a visit. M. L’Abbo Onrard, of the 
French Legation, who had visited the place on a former 
occasion, waa good enough to accompany me. A sharp ride 
of an hour and a half brought us to Ah-sax saw. It* massive 
temple was seen looming at the further end of a broad 
avenue An ornamental arch or gateway was thrown across 
the avenue, which had a very good effect j a huge belfry stood 
on one sldu, and a number of large trees, such as pines and 
Salinbnna adiantifolia, surrounded the temple. Each side of 
the avenue was lined with shops and stalls, open in front 
like a bazaar, ia which all sorts of Japanese things were . 
exposed for sale. Toys of all kinds, looking glasses, pipes, 
aud gimerncks of a like nature, predominated. Had it been 
covered over with glass, it. would have been a good reprosen; 
tatiou of Lowther Arcade or soma place of that kind at 
home. Crowds of people followed u* as we entered the 
avenue, who had evidently soon little of Europeans before; 
but, although somewhat noisy, they treated us with the most 
perfect civility and respect. On our arrival at the head of 
the avenue, wo found ourselves iu front of the huge temple, 
and ascended its massive steps. Its wldo doors stood open; 
candles were burning on the altars, and priosts were engaged 
in their devotions. It whs the old story over ugain 
unmeaning sounds, heating of drums, tinkling of bells, &c., 
which I had so often heard when a guest In the Buddhist 
temples of China. 
The temple has numerous tea-houses attached to it for 
the accommodation of visitors and devotees. Adjoining 
them are many pretty gardens with tlsli ponds, ornamental 
bridges, artificial loekwork, and avenues of plum and 
cherry trees, which seem the favorite one* at all the tea¬ 
houses and temples of Japan. This place is most famed 
i in thu vicinity of Yeddo for the variety and beauty of its 
r chrysanthemums. At the time of our visit, they wore iu 
full bloom, aud most certainly would have delighted the 
eyes of our Salters, Brooms, aud Birds, had they found 
themselves so far away from Hammersmith, the Temple, 
1 or Stoke Nmviuglon. I procured some extraordinary 
' varieties, most peculiar iu form and in coloring, and 
’ quite distinct from any of the kinds at present known In 
> Europe, One had petals like long thick hairs, or a red 
t color, hut tipped with yellow, looking like the fringe of 
a shawl or curtain; another had broad white petals striped 
r with red, like a carnation or camellia, while others were 
remarkable for their great size aud brilliant coloring. If 1 
can succeed in introducing these varieties Into Kuropo, they 
’ may create as great, a changu amongst chrysanthemums as 
my old protege, the modest “Chusan Daisy ” did when she 
became the parent of tlie present race of pompones.— Jt. E, 
in London Gardeners’ Chronicle. 
Messrs. Editors.— It iB a fact well known that 
when an inquiry is made concerning fruit or flowers, 
or any thing beneficial to community, the answer is, 
look in the Rural New-Yorker. I want to say a 
few words to my brother ft> hers, and to my lady 
friends. How many farmerilvrc theru in Niagara or 
Orleans county that have a bed of strawberries or a 
bush of raspberries? They think it is a great task to 
cultivate ft bed of these delicacies. Now I wish to 
give them my experience. T)iree years ago I sot 
one thousand plants of the llovoy’s Seedling ou a 
fine piece of land, tended them with care, and had 
no fruit — not a berry—vines long and thrifty —and 
waa sorely disappointed. Was laughed at by my 
neighbors for embarking in the strawberry business. 
I said but little, but concluded to make some inquir¬ 
ies and see what was the difficulty. One day, being 
on the cars corning from Rochester home, we stopped 
at Albion to do a little trading, and, in passing u 
grocery, I saw some of the largest, finest, and most 
delicious strawberries I ever saw or tasted. I made 
Inquiry, and found that they were grown by Mr. II. 
M. Mukwin, one mile from Albion. 1 soon finished 
my business and called or Mr. M.; found him (where 
it would have made you laugh, Mr. Editor,) on the 
finest strawberry bed I ever saw. The vines loaded 
down, and the earth completely red with fruit. It 
was a splendid sight, I insure you. I had a very 
pleasant talk with Mr. M-, and found him well 
Nkw Top Onion.—I Inclose a specimen of a variety of 
onion which needs hnt. to bo known to bu universally culti¬ 
vated, instead of the Idaek seed. The onions are of good size, 
three to four inches In diameter; the Reeds are small onion, 
produced at the rate of 1,000 to 2,000 from a single onion. 
Nearly all onion growers have failed sometimes with the 
toliu-.k. lint hero there can he no failure, as every one 
knows that a live onion will grow iu the spring, whuu,... u 
is in the ground or out. These Uttln onions may he sown by 
hand or with a drill, same as the black seeds, with the excep¬ 
tion that no allowance need he marie for any contingency, as 
every seed is a live onion at the start, and you are as snre of 
a crop as you aro of sunshine aud ralnsV Are they new to 
you? I procured a few of them last spring from my neighbor 
Deacon Denoe, who informs me they were brought from Eng¬ 
land quite recently. Further than this, I am not able to 
trace their history.—I. W. Bribob, Macedon, N. K. 
CAKES, CUSTARDS, ETC. 
I 
Apple Tourtk or Cake (German Recipe.) —Take 
ten or twelve apples, sugar to taste, the rind of one 
small lemon, three eggs, one quarter of a pint of 
cream or milk, one-quarter or a pound of butter, 
three quarters of a pound of good short orust, three 
ounces of sweet almonds. Pure, core, and cut the 
apples into small pieces; put sufficient moist sugar 
to sweeten them Into a basin; add the lemon peel, 
which should be finely Jnlnoed, and the cream; stir 
these ingredients well, whisk the eggs, and melt the 
butter; mix all together, add the sliced apple, and let 
these be well stirred into the mixture, Line ft large 
round plate wil.li the paste, place a narrow rim of the 
same round the outer edge, and lay the apples thickly 
in the middle. Blanch the almonds, cut them into 
long shreds, and strew them over the top of the 
apples, aud bako from one-half to three-quarters of 
an hour, taking care that the almonds do not get 
burnt; when done, strew some Bifted sugar over the 
top, and serve. Time, one-half to three-quarters of 
an hour. 
Very Good Old-Fashioned Boiled Custard.— 
Throw into a pint and a half of new milk the very 
thin rind of a fresh lemon, and let it Infuse for half 
an hour ; then simmer them together for a few 
minutes, and add four ounces aud a half of white 
sugar. Beat, thoroughly eight fresh eggs; mix with 
them another half pint of now milk; stir the boiling 
milk quickly to them, tako out the lemou peel, and 
turn the custard into a deep jug; set this over the 
fire iu a pan of boiling water, and keep the custard 
stirred gently, but without ceasing, until it begins 
to thicken; then move the spoon rather more quickly, 
making it always touch the bottom of the jug, until 
the mixture is brought to the point of boiling, when 
It must bo instantly taken from the fire, or it will 
curdle In a moment, l’our it into a bowl, and keep 
it stirred until nearly cold, then add to it by degrees 
a winoglassful of good brandy aud two ounces of 
blanched almonds out into spikes, or omit these at 
pleasure. A few bitter ones, bruised, can be boiled 
in tins milk, instead of lemon peel, when their flavor 
ia preferred. 
Stewed Apples and Custard. -Take seven good- 
sized apples, the rind of half a lemon or four cloves, 
half a pound of sugar, three-quarters of a pint of 
water, half a pi til of custard. Pare and take out the 
cores of tho apples, without dividing them, and, if 
! possible, leave the stalks on; boil the sugar and 
! water together for ten minutes, then putin the apples 
1 witli the lemon rlud or cloves, whichever flavor may 
f be preferred, and simmer gently until they are tender, 
i taking care not to let them break. Dish them neatly 
3 on a glaHB dish, reduce tho sirup by boiling it quickly 
1 for a few minutes, let it cool a little, then pour it 
1 over the apples. Have ready quite half a pint of 
* costard. Pour it round but not over the apples when 
they are quite cold, and the dish is ready for table. 
From twenty to thirty minutes to stew the apples. 
Apples a la Poktogairk.—T ako eight good boil- 
! f ing apples, half a pint of water, six ounces of sugar, 
' a layer of apple marmalade, eight preserved cherries, 
garnishing of apricot jam. Peel the apples, and, 
, with a vegetable cutter, push out the cores; boil 
« them in sugar and water, without being too much 
c done, and tako care they do not break. Have ready 
!l a white upplo manualudo; cover the bottom of the 
y diBh with this, level it, and lay tho apples in a sieve 
^ to drain; pile them neatly on the murmalado, making 
j( them high in the center, and place a preserved cherry 
;rt iu tho middle of each. Garnish with strips of can- 
,r died citron or apricot jam, and tho dish is ready for 
if- table. From twenty to thirty minutes to stew the 
10 apples. 
Do Potatoes Mix in the TIh.i,?— This urn ms to be a 
question sot satisfactorily decided. Iu digging our potatoes 
this fall, wn found one which seeniH to settle the question —a 
perfect June potato and a common Mercer joined together. 
I would send you the specimen, but I propose to plant each 
section by itself to prove or disprove the fact.—f, W. Bilious, 
Macedon, N. Jf, 1H01. 
Wo don’t know as this proves anything. We have often 
known fruits and vegetables to assume strange forms. Until 
more is known of different varieties of potatoes, their names, 
characteristics, and origin, it is useless to say much about 
mlxturo. _ 
Crkmont Perpetual Strawberry.— In a late number of 
the Rural, you inquire for information in regard to the Crn- 
monl Perpetual Struwherry. I fruited it several years. It 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker: — We are having a fine 
display here this season,' and we Canadians arc show¬ 
ing the world we can do some things as well as you, 
if not a little hotter; but you can beat ub all out at 
bragging, so I'll not try. And now to my promise 
to tell you about the fruits and flowers. First, yon 
may know the Beason has been very unfavorable, and 
Buch things as peaches were not to be expected, and 
yet we did have some very tine ones, and they were 
not grown in Ohio either. Of flowers, there waa a 
fine display of Asters, Verbenas, Foliage Plants, 
FuscSias, Pansies, Gladiolus, and Dahlias, all of 
which exhibited moch skill and care on the part of 
the producers. 
Messrs. Bruce & Murray, of Hamilton, exhibited 
fine specimens of Tritoma uvaria grandiflora, in 
bloom; some six varieties of Gladiolus, and one 
hundred of Verbenas, and a fine sample of the Pam¬ 
pas Grass. Mr. Geo. Leslie, of Toronto, had a fine 
show of Dahlias and Phloxes. In fruit there was a 
very large, and considering the season, a very fine 
collection. An almost endless variety of apples of 
all sizes, from the huge Alexander to the Httle Lady 
Apple; and pears, from Ducbesse d'Angouleme to 
Beckel. Plums, also, of flue size and delicious 
flavor, many of which were grown in the colder 
sections of the Province, showing that the Plum will 
make au excellent substitute for the Peach in those 
cold latitudes. And fi«er and larger grapes of the 
hardy kinds, suitable for oat-door culture, could 
certainly not be desired, from the Ontario, far exceed¬ 
ing the Bluck Hamburg In size, to the little but 
delicious Delaware. Hot house grapes, also, in great 
abundance, and among these the Bowood Muscat and 
Muscat Hamburg, the first yet exhibited that have 
been grown here. It ia not possible for me to give 
you a complete list of exhibitors iu this department, 
but I may say that W. Leslie, of Toronto, had a lino 
gen?ral collection; Mr. Arnold, of Paris, especially 
tine in hot-house grapes; Mr. Reid, of Port Dul- 
housie, in out door grapes; and Dr. Beadle, of St. 
Catharines, sent his usual general collection of fruits. 
Messrs. Ellwangkk & Barry, of your city, contrib¬ 
uted much to our display, in both fruit and flowers, 
particularly in Roses, for which we all tender them 
our hearty thanks. 
The Exhibition has been a grand success, and the 
crowd seems as great as that of last year. 
London, C. W tJ Sept. 2ath, 1861. D. W. Beadle. 
They are of a class who know what they are about— informed iu the cultnre arid sexual character of the requires hill or row cultivation,la not “perpetual,” but tear* 
' - I Y t. . . Al i 11 -..a.- . . I. • _ . 1 . rn •... 1. .. J.. /I I «. _ A 
who are educated in their business—who speud the 
same time that a merchant does, to find which are 
the most profitable forms of investment of time, 
labor and money. The question settled, the work is 
pursued with system and energy, and success almost 
invariably results.—o. d. b. 
HAWTHORN FOR HEDGES. 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker :—I once more take up 
my pen to renew the subject of live fences, notwith¬ 
standing the continued opposition of tho Agricultural 
Press generally, to the plant I advocate, as witness 
the last Genesee Farmer, where an article inserted 
from the Country Gentleman is, I consider, unfairly 
given. Why not give J. J. T.’s remarks concerning 
the plant ou the premises of K. T. T. Martin. Ho 
says Mr. Martin, finding the woolly aphis had 
attacked it, cut the plants down, burnt the brush, 
then “the stumps were white-washed to destroy the 
remainder, (soap would, perhaps, have been better,) 
and are now sending up a thick growth for a young 
hedge, the insect having disappeared.” Now for this 
aphis. I have never found them injure or increase 
unless where black ants y e in abundance. I have 
found soap suds good, but think a slight sprinkling 
of slaked lime better. Even road dust iB good. I 
only wish that sqjne candid opponents of the haw¬ 
thorn would visit this place. If they did not acknowl¬ 
edge the advantages of this plant for hedging, it must 
be from stubbornness. 
strawberry, aud soon learned what the trouble was 
with my own plants, and learned more In half an 
hour's conversation with ti nt gentleman than 1 ever 
knew about plants before. I bought of Mr. M., in 
the fall, four hundred planU, set them as directed, 
kept the weeds down, and kept off all runners, and 
tho next season 1 picked from my vines eight to ten 
quarts every day for twenty-three days. Only think, 
when you come in from the hay field all fatigued, 
what a glorious sight to aee four or five quarts of 
great, ripe, luscious strawberries set before you. I 
tell you it relishes better than salt pork. And you 
can have them if you set good plants and spend two 
days labor in each year on the bed. I visited Mr. M. 
again this season, and saw some new French straw¬ 
berries, ahead of any strawberries that 1 ever saw. 
I picked one dozen of the berries, and the largest 
one measured eight and a half Inches around. I am 
in for a few dozen plants of this variety. They are 
of a sweet, delicious flavor, ani they yield twice as 
much, we should judge, as the Willson) growing aide 
by side. Mr. M. says he shall net set any other Borts, 
as they hear transportation better than other sorts. 
Niagara Co., N. Y., Sept. 5th, 1861. It. L. Vincent. 
BEST TIME TO PLANT STRAWBERRIES. 
Editors Rural New-Yorker Having’noticed 
several queries and discussions as to whether the 
Ifiring, summer or autnran ia moist suitable and most 
successful for the transplanting of strawberries, 1 
a largo crop of largo berries, large a* Triumphs de Gaud, aud 
of good llavor. it appears to bo hardy with me (tut does the 
Hooker,) but requires morn earn than cultivators generally 
will bostow on strawberries. We picked forty bushels of ber¬ 
ries this summer from sixteen different varieties, and And the 
Wilson to produce the most, though not of the best flavor.— 
Sylvester, Iajous, N. Y., 1801. 
guquirtffl ana 
Plants son Name.— Will yon give the common and 
botanical name of the Inclosed flower in your next paper, and 
oblige—M. B. G, Canandaigua, M. Y-, 1861. 
Euphorbia varieyuta. 
Inclosed yon will And a Bpnciroen, of which I should like 
to know ihe name, botanical and common. The end came 
from llermnny. and the plant is new to me. tbOUlib tt may bn 
common. It ha* blossomed all summer. The stems, several, 
radiating from the saoie root, aie ascending, rather weak, 
but not twining. Bums of ihe podsare two aud a half inches 
in length.— 0 M. M., Meridian, N V, 1861. 
Thin is a plant common in wheat and rye Balds in Germany 
and .Switzerland, called Wickeu, at once recognized by natives 
of that country, but we have not been able to ascertain its 
botanical name. 
I 8 end you the loaf of a shrub which I have had growing 
ten or twelve years. It is now about ten feet high; has never 
blossomed or produced flower bods. It has very ornamental 
foliage, is an exotic, und will not bear much frost If yon 
will ploore tell me wbut It is. I *hall feel greatly obliged.— 
E. S, Dowse. Jericho, VL, 1861- 
Aucub a Japonic a, or Gold Dost Tree. 
I SHALL be greatly obliged if yon will favor me with names 
for the inclosed (lowers 1 The white flower is a perennial, 
blossoming profusely TrOlii early summer until severe frosts. 
2 The other two are annuals, for which 1 hear a different 
name in every separate garden.—K. A. O., Hudson. Mick. 
1. Achillea ptar mica plena. 2. Chrysanthemum, coronarium. 
I recommend persons that have everything to learn have deemed it beneficial to those interested therein The wild parsnip is poisonous, but not the cultivated. 
to procure small plants of the hawthorn, as they can 
be planted with the Bttmc ease and in same manner as 
cabbage plants, with a small stick to make tho holes, 
pressing tho dirt firmly with the feet ou each side of 
the line, and raking off evenly afterwards. If large 
plants are preferred, it would be well to order them 
trimmed, root and top. By this, much expense may 
be saved in transportation, and time saved in plant- 
to express my settled conviction on tho subject, 
resulting from a long experience. I am positive 
that the month of September is preferable before all 
other periods for the State of New York und the 
States to the north of it, and from the 20th of Sep¬ 
tember to the 1st of November for the States adjoin¬ 
ing on the south, as far as the Potomac, and the 
months of October and November for tho more 
Pbrskcted Tomato - Will you, or some of your nuroer- 
on* readers, through your columns, give us the address of 0. 
EDWARDS Lester the originator of tho Perfected Tomato?— 
U. F., Salem. N. Y, 1861. 
The principal seedsmen In tho country wilt have seeds of 
tniv tomato for sale the coming winter. It is now becoming 
common. Wo cauuot give Mr. Lkhtbh'B postoffice address. 
ing. For fall planting, I trim the roots less than for j southern States. The great advantage is, that tho 
spring planting. 
For line fences, the plants should not be less than 
eight inches apart—twelve would not be too much— 
and should be planted uncut, either in root or top, 
unless needful to get it in good position. Tho reason 
for this forbearance is, to give all assistance to 
increase tbe enlargement of the plant, and prepare it 
for early plashing. This ia much easier done with 
plants set at the periods named will become well and 
firmly established, and will usually form several 
runnerB before the winter sets in. 1 hey are, conse¬ 
quently, well prepared to sustain themselves during 
the severe weather, and will be sure to produce a 
fair crop the ensuing season. I have been amused 
at the doubts of some persona whether they can 
succeed in the culture of strawberries in Vermont, 
To Make Plum Treks Beak.— Will the editor of the 
Rukal, or Mime of its contribute!*, inform mo what I shall 
do with uiy plum tree* to make them boar fruit? Tho trees 
are of a lar^e blue variety, and are twelve years old They 
net full of fruit C-verv year, and it nearly ail fall* oil when 
the size of peas.— L. P. Holdkn. CheUta, Will Co., ill. 
We suppose it must he tho curculio that destroys your 
pin ms, 
Weed for iAmk.—W ill you please in ve Ibis weed a name, 
and oh go? It is spreading very fast on one of my neighbor’s 
farms.—IL Smith, Wales, St. Clair Co.. Mich , 1861. 
The specimen is too imperfect, being only a part of a 
flower stem. Please send a perfect plant with leaves. 
HOUSEWORK AND WAGES. 
Women, especially those who do housework, make 
complaint that they do not receive near as large 
wages as men, and there is a great and sufficient 
reason why this is so. Men who learn any business 
or trade, have to serve an apprenticeship, and become 
good and competent workmen before th#y can offer 
their services for wages. Women who learn trades 
have to do tho flame. They have to give time and 
use measures to fit themselves to do their work 
properly. 
But housework is not thought to require any fitness 
or understanding. A girl will offer to do your house¬ 
work who does not know how to do one single piece 
of work properly, and is better qualified to waste 
her time aud destroy your property than anything 
else, aud you must give her just as high wages as 
though sbo were ft real help to you. If not, you are 
branded as hiring her to do “the meanest of all work 
for the. meanest of all pay.” A man, if he is nothing 
but a hodcarrier or a ditcher, is expected to under¬ 
stand his work and tho best method of doing it. 
Now, if girls or women want good wages for house¬ 
work, they must first learn how to do it. They must 
know It makes a difference how a table is set, a floor 
swept, a bed made, dishes washed, Ac. And it 
makes a vast difference whether they heedlessly 
waBte or Injure whatever comes under their care. 
Plenty of women would bo glad to have a girl who 
knows how to earn two and three dollars a week, 
and would freely pay it; but gills will never earn it 
by flyiug, and slamming, and tearing around, nor by 
thinking this little thing, and that, aud the other 
are but trifle*— no matter if they are broken or ruined. 
Girls would do well to practice the golden rale in 
housework, and do as they will like to lie done by 
when the responsibility of housekeeping and the 
comfort and happiness of a family come to rest upon 
them. It is well to “set reason to work,” especially 
before we condemn others. Queechy. 
CAKES AND PIES. 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker:—A s domestic recipes 
seem to he the rule, and as l can stir up a good mess 
of cake, I send you a lew of mine for your readers: 
Cup Cake.—T hree teacupfuls flour; three eggs; 
two cupfuls sugar; one cupful butter; one cupful 
milk; pearlash; half a gill of wine or brandy. 
Pound Cake. —One pound flour; pue pound sugar; 
one pound batter; eight eggs; rose water or mace 
to your taste. 
Soda Fried Cake.—O ne cupful of milk; two cup- 
[ fuls sugar; three eggs; two teaspoonfula cream tar- 
’ tar; one teaspoonful Hoda. 
Crullers. —Four tablespoonfuls sugar; two-table- 
r spoonfuls butter; two eggs; half a teacupful cream; 
half a teaspoonful saleratus; flavor with nutmeg, 
i Lemon Pie.—T o one grated lemon add one cupful 
8 SHgar, one cupful water, one tableBpoonful flour, one 
, einr. A Farmer’s Daughter. 
egg. 
Owtuico, N. Y., 1861. 
13 
