N. Y. STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY, 
Rural Holes auit (Clucvu 
POLL EVIL IN HORSES, 
,,, ,v„ , -;pcrieuenfl. flock-master nr 
work. (V.;l. 8*;)-‘Onr 
, .nnch pinched [in 1822] that we did 
than Oiio-t.liifd ol' the- Huy we do in 
At tbis time my floclt consisted of 
-’=ng about .l&Hambs. * * 
I commenced feeding 
1 bad only about nine tun* ol tine 
I divided mv sheep into 
DO aud Commeiked giving them, sny 
b per tlav in the ear, dividing it so ns 
.1 _ •-the residue in 
ave nearly the 
. fedin this way 
•hen the quantity-of 
‘ ““’i 
' r ’~ I actually 
_i, and to the 
hieli would ho less 
andoats.eerhead.perday^to^h 
end, uyeept that 
tfLommunicaticms 
“.Tedcdiiih Morgan, an exper 
Caynga Co., sfatar 
meadows were so 
not secure more 
ordinary seasons, 
about oiW sheep, including 
About the 151 a of December 
them, at wlilcti time 1.. 
timothy and clover bay 
Hocks of about, lu ' 
i.nif .Tilt of corn t--. 
toghiflmff Of it in the morning an 
the* evening, except tp the lambs 1 
same qmt nitty of oats in the sbeat. 
wntil about the flrst of January, wl~- v - ,- r ,. 
irra-in was a little increased: so that between the loth 
of December and the 15th of April fodcwuig,. -- 
fed to my 3so sheep, U5 bushels ol corn 
120 lambs, 40 bushels of oats, wl 
tlian a gill of corn i.—. 
sheep and lambs dttnng the wmtu. 
little more than enough, nay to form a t * t 
that, in extreme cold weather 1 directed . 
full red cm hay. In this manner 500 efceep were win 
teredwhh the loss of only three lambs ai 
opening of spring they werem faottw hc»Uh andcon. 
ditiou than any flock l ever wintered m any fomer 
season since 1 have been engaged m rearing sheep and 
^’-How browse would answer for sheen itattoPtoft 
of hay, straw, etc.., we have no knowledge. Our ml 
prt'ssions would be that it would nuswer .it left.' - ■ 
substitute Bat it would nc a 'toy expeusivt 
one, we should think, on the score oHabor, and by the 
rapid destruction of forests it would occasion. 
Whether any ol' the Vermont farmers kept 
accounts of the exact amount oi hay ot straw 
fed by them in the winter of I860, we do not 
know. If 60 , we wish they would immediately 
favor us with the facts. We do not rernembei 
whether Mr. Morgan mentioned the breed of 
his sheep. They probably were small, ‘‘old 
fashioned” Merinos, and were well housed. 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker: —I saw in the 
Rural, page 302, Vol. 15, a long article on Poll 
Evil in Horses. It may be a scientific mode of 1 
treatment, but it seems io me, with my limited 
experience, to he mostly humbug. 
It is true, the cause is always a bruise, and to 
that extent to affect, at least, the cartilage over 
the bone, which always causes an abscess. 
When it is opened put into the sore about a tea- 
spoonful of calomel, an! make a poultice by 
Slaking a little qniclt liiuc and scalding a little 
Indian meal with the water from the lime. 
Place? this on the sore, nad it will cause a copi¬ 
ous discharge for a few days. Then take pul¬ 
verized blue vitriol nixed with honey, and 
apply that until thi soic heals up; and, unless 
it meets a new bruise, ym have a sore cure. 
This was my father’s rule, and he used to say 
be had full faith in the vitriol and honey ; il’ well 
applied, it would never fail. 
It is a fixed fact that lime is congenial to hone 
and will restore healthy action. Calomel is 
searching and will cause a copious discharge. 
I have cured Fistnlas of long standing, in the 
same manner, and would hardly ask a dollar to 
warrant a cure, if property treated, of either Poll 
Wintry Weather.— The temperature or the month 
has thus far boon unusually low, with more snow iu 
this region than during the corresponding period for 
many years. In various parts of Western ami Central 
New York the snow is now from twenty inches to 
three feet deep. Sleighing good and business brisk. 
Tuesday morning, the 14th, thujThermomet.er mnrked 
3" below Zero in this city—lire coldest of the season. 
From other parts of the State we have reports that 
the mercury was from two to fifteen degrees below. 
We have had about eight weeks of Continuous sleigh¬ 
ing, which is remarkable for this region. The rail and 
other roads have boon obstructed and blockaded to a 
great extent, not only in this hut other States, Tho 
winter has thus far been unusually severe, causing 
much suffering among the poor in cities, and, wo fear, 
hard for domestic animals of careless oPimprovidont 
owners in tho country. 
POTATO EXPERIENCE AND OPINIONS. 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker: —I have been 
experimenting some for a few years past with 
every variety of potatoes 1 could find, aud would 
gay a few words about them to others, through 
your paper, if you think it worthy the space. 
Potatoes require deep culture, though not 
deep planting, to he well hilled, and dean, 
thorough work. Sandy soil is the best, and 
poor land should never be called to account 
without being well supplied with enough good, 
rotter manure. 
As to varieties there are so many opinions 
that there are few that meet with a general good 
reputation. 1 had under cultivation last year 
Goodrich's Seedlings. They are fine varieties. 
If 1 should choose one variety, it would be the 
Chili. If I 6hould leave out either of the four, 
it would be the Cuzco White. The Chili 
with me proves quite early, and the Coppermine 
entirely ripened the past season, 1 he Pink¬ 
eyed Rusticoat is the latest of all but the Cuzco, 
Death of Dr. Holmes of the Maine Farmer.— 
Wo have only space to chronicle, briefly, tho death of 
this veteran and respected agricultural editor. Uo 
died at his residence, Wiuthrop, Mo,, the 9th inst., 
after a brief illness occasioned by a severe cold con¬ 
tracted by hia attendance upon the sittings or tho 
Legislative Committee of Agriculture, aud while 
assisting in maturing a plan of an Agricultural Col¬ 
lege. Dr. Holmes was over tyry-ears of ago, was a 
graduate or Brown University, Providence, R. I., 
had been editor or the Malnc’Farmcr since 1833, and 
was at tlio time of his death the oldest editor in his 
State. Hia death is a loss to Agriculture, to his State 
and tho Country. As a member of the editorial frater¬ 
nity ho was highly esteemed and respected. 
are great yicldcrs, giving from 200 to 300 bushels 
per acre. I raise the Carter for its pure quali¬ 
ties of dryness aud good flavor, and think the 
other variety is yet to be raised that is better. 
I plant them on sandy loam, manured in the 
hill, and get good crops, and as few rotten ones 
as from most varieties. 
The Prince Albert is a fine looking potato, 
good yielder, yet. lacks the dry quality to make 
them a first rate potato. I took some potato 
balls from this variety, and the Carter, that grew 
close to each other, three years ago, and dug the 
past season some very large oucs from their 
seed. I weighed one that weighed Impounds, 
was 11 inches long and of good proportion, It 
has the eyes of the Carter, and the shape of both 
varieties. Mr. Goodrich said live years would 
not always determine the real value of a 
seedling. 
The Yankee Notion is a good variety, only- 
second to the Carter. (I take this last variety 
to he the standard of excellence.) It has two 
faults, but these are overlooked by its good ba¬ 
king quality. It. has too thick a skin and too 
deep eyes. But lor a baking potato it is seldom 
equaled. The Jackson Whites too, are good 
yielders; they, too, have too deep eyes, and arc 
rather watery. 
For early ones I plant the Seedling Mercers 
aud Ashleaved Kidneys. Both are liable to rot 
some, yet are the best I have found. They both 
grow to a large size, and both are line varieties. 
The Junes are too watery. Manure should 
never he put in the hill. The ground should be 
thoroughly worked after the manure is applied, 
aud for me, the distance would be three by three 
aud a half feet apart—no nearer,—for they want 
room as much as corn; and if too thickly 
f 16 ,w so 
.. O.'XHS 21 
.. iso on 
.. 155 18 
A Crowd of Advertisements. — Our advertising 
friends are importunate, yet we have not tho Bpac-o or 
conscience to give, at once, all their favors. Vt o are 
doing tho host possible, but are from week to week 
constrained to defer what would please and benefit 
others and pay the publisher hereof. Read what we 
giro, aud look for others in fittur© numbers. Of course 
those who writ© for our best terms muko nothing 
while there is such a demand upon our columns. 
They aro referred to our term?, published in ©very 
issue, which have not been advanced since tho war, 
though tho circulation of Die Rural 13 ten .thousand 
gr©ator than two years ago. 
The Manufacture of Swiss Cheese. 
To the dairy publfcj Vienna may perhaps he 
somewhat noted for laving erected within its 
limits a factory for tie manufacture of Swiss 
Cheese. Tho factory stands just, on the edge of 
the town below Tabergstation, near the junction 
of the two branches ofFish creek, and is owned 
by the Blossvale Cheesi Association. The build¬ 
ing is 84 feet by 34 feet and has a stone basement 
or cellar under the ent re structure feet high, 
where the cheese are kept cured. This factory 
receives the milk fron 155 cows, the average 
daily delivery being smic 2,900 pounds, which 
makes three cheeses oer day, each weighing 
about 100 pounds. Tin cheeses are pressed two 
sizes, 32 inches and 2£ inches in diameter, but 
uniformly 0 % inches hgh, and the cheese must, 
be at least three monhs in curing before they 
are fit for nse. The rrilk is made up night and 
Bloviating Editor—Eds. Rural New-Yorker: 
In a late issue of your paper, “ P. of Darien,” reflect¬ 
ed upon the editor of a contemporaneous journal in 
consequence or statements made by him at an evening 
discussion during the late State Fair in Rochester, on 
tho economy and physical effects of cooking and 
steaming feed for cattl© and horses. He made no at¬ 
tempt to refute those statements, and as they are tho 
result of personal experience, they are therefore 
deemed irrefutable. As to ”bloviating” let the read¬ 
er judge.— l. w. 
We suppose our correspondent to have used the 
term “bloviating”—which is not elegant—in a jocose 
Farm Book-Keeping.—Wo have before us on at- 
tomptby “Haliock”—for which we thank him—to 
show how easily and concisely a farmer may open and 
keep a set or books. Our correspondent has made it 
plain onougn to sucti as Rare some knowledge of 
book-keeping, but it would not meet tho wants of 
those who most need to learn it; and we cannot give 
the space required to such treatises. Farmers must 
learn book-keeping as other classes do. It should be 
taught in Die common schools just as surely as arith¬ 
metic. And no teacher should bo permitted in a 
school who cannot teach it. 
CULTURE OF PUMPKINS. 
The writer raised five wagon loads of pump¬ 
kins, last year, off from less titan one acre of 
ground. Off from the same acre, he also raised 
forty bushels of ears of prime Dent corn, and 
twelve bushels of Peach Blow potatoes. This 
same acre bad growing upon it eighty-one 
standard, and sixteen dwarf apple trees, seven 
standard plums, and one hundred aud seventy- 
five raspberry bushes. Tho bushes were set 
between the trees, in the rows of the young 
orchard, and uo bush, pumpkin, or corn hills, 
were allowed to root., within four feet of the 
young trees. Two rows of corn were planted 
between every two rows of trees, with pnmp- 
kins in the tows, in the usual way. The corn 
was planted two feet apart, in the rows, with 
from two io three kernels in a hill. The land 
was clayey openings, and had been under culti¬ 
vation about eight years, and only about one- 
fourth acre had ever been manured. If (he 
CONDENSED CORRESPONDENCE, ITEMS, &c, 
OrrsrniNQ from a Yearling Mark,— lam credibly 
informed that Mr. James Welch of this county has a 
yearling maro colt that actually produced a perfect 
foal (though dead) this last foil. The dam was win¬ 
tered last winter with a small liorso. My informant 
gays Uo would not have given credence to such an oc¬ 
currence if he lmd only heard of it, but when lie saw 
it lie was bound to believe. Did you or any of your 
readers ever hear of the like before ?—F. F. Randolph, 
New MUU/n, Dod. Co., Wctl Va. 
D. S. Ileffron, Utica, 3 var. seedling potatoes,. .Trane. 
Bam del Cary. { Committee. 
Osoar Granger. > 
BUTTER. 
1st Premium, three lubs made at any time. L. L. 
French, Page’s Corners, Herkimer county, 15 00 
1st Premium, three tubs mad'' in June, August 
\ - 
2 d do.. Mr*.__ . 
3d do., Ai Pine, Plttatown . • . ■ - .. 1 
1st Premium, winter butter, Mrs. It. \S eir. 5 00 
CHEESE. 
1st Premium, three cheoee, E. F. Carter, Evans- 
villi", Jefferson county,....... . ID W 
The che«ae exhibited by Mr. Carter wete of ex- 
Cod on t quality, jjond Iluvor wul uflilonri rhjiniciur, 
anil aro well deserving On; premium. 
Discretionary The three cheese exhibited by 
Messrs Cary & Son.-, manufactured by W. thompson 
South otsetir, were very superior, rich in color, and 
I.uro flavor. Your Committee would recommend a 
discretionary premium.J T , T, K. Foster™' 
Georg k H. Brown, 
Isaac H. Cocks. 
fruit. 
Apples — Beet 20 varieties, Win. H. Slingcrland, 
Normnnskil), Albany county. ,•••••••;• 
Best 15 do., Win. IL Rogers, Pultney ville, Wayne 
ffi 11. Weir n S. S. AS 
Discretionary — Mi. John Harold, of I limp stead. 
Queens county, exhibited a variety of wine niade 
from tho pure Juke of the Norton Virginia b<©<- 
lin.r Grape, which the Committee consider a dUi- 
r.ious wine and free from that d sagTcealile acid which 
most native wines have. The Committee nnaid 
1 d' a. Bidkely^rWilliamstown, Mass., oxliibito<l >i. 
pleasant Blackberry cordial. The 'J' v " d 
Transactions. I'^vrro EhDKM '’ 
Asa i’ itch, 
D. R. Floyd Jones. 
Discretlenary Domestic Maunfaetures—Mrs. Ilenry 
Weir, of Jollli son ville. Reus. Co., exhljnied a great 
vitrlt-Tv of Domestic Manufactures made by htm.II. 
nearly all daring the past yiair. courHUng [mPdi work 
embroidered bed spreads n '|V.l. , i; 
QUilis, llauueU, ginghams, rug carpets, dt ifiiugt i 
n, aniotumng to twenty-two articles, htgf.ly cred- 
fS 1 ‘wliidfthe '&cuUve Committee awarded a social 
Mrs.Wier'tilAi) exhibited ti beautiful Bout arts ofltv- 
Dennis Grogan ol Albany, exhibited samples of Up¬ 
land Cotton grown iu that city,.liaus. 
We have notes of the very interesting discussion on 
tho host manner of procuring cowb for the dairy - 
whether by raising or purchasing - which we shall 
«ndimvnr to uive in a future numbet. 
r ruubu, a c „—, , , • ■ 
4 r. wl three tub* much- in June, August 
and November, L. L. French . .. ... 
H, Weir, Johnson ville, Rens. 
inter butter, Mrs. II. Weir. 
Rkntino or Working Farms.— “ Farmer,” Cayuga, 
N. Y,, a»ks “ what is the rule for renting or working 
farms* in the State of Now York.” We dp not know 
that there Is any general or especial rule. The value 
of a farm to the parly working it must, depeud upon 
its condition, fertility aud location—also upon tho kind 
of husbandry to which it Is adapted. And bargains 
in such canoe are personal—ns much so a* when men 
trade horses. ,. __ 
To Kill Lice on Cattle and Horses.— Take one 
part vru/uentum, two parts lard, mix well together and 
rub on the odgo of stanchions once in three or fonr 
woolts during winter. For homes, rub a little inside 
Iho halter. The above I got from a farmer last fall, 
and used it with good success. The cost was one cent 
per head, and my cattle and colts wore free, from lice 
in the spring,—N., Oran , N. Y. 
Flax Buhxuinq and Dressing Machines. Ira 
Eastman or Eagle, N. Y., writes us that his neighbor, 
Luther RondkiJt has Invented a machine which will 
do more and better work than 8 anford A Mallory's 
with one-tenth of tlio expense in machine and labor. 
If such is the fact, tt must bo an excellent one. 
■who have acquired a table lor it, ftiul that it 
usually brings a slightly advanced price over 
cheese manufactured uftcr the ordinary manner. 
No sales for the season had yet been made. Mr. 
Cribs says a very palatable butter cau be made 
from the- cream of the whey, alter the following 
manner, which U generally adopted in Switzer¬ 
land:— The whey, while, sweet, is highly suited, 
aud then put over tile lire and boiled, when the 
cream rises and is taken oil and put iu a tub 
until it cools. After ft sufficient quantity is oh 
taiued it is ckurued in the ordinary way, and 
makes a kind of butter which is palatable and 
very much liked by those who arc in the liftblt of 
using it. At this factory it takes about 10>j lbs. 
of milk lor one of cheese. The milk is mostly 
furnished from farms on * The Forks,’ and on the 
tinttnrn lands ol Fish creek .”—Utica Herald, 
Heavy and Light Potatoes. —Norman I!,, Ontario 
Co., N. Y.; Wedo not know that the heavier potatoes 
are less liable to rot than tho lighter. Wo believe it 
was so asserted in this paper some years since, but 
we neither know it to be a fact, nor any philosophical 
reason why it should be so. 
