ROCHESTER. N. Y.-FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY. APRIL 29, 1865, 
tion of the Cros3 Ram see pedigrees of his sheep 
given in Rural New-Yorker, May 7th, 1864. 
The dam of Green Mountain was got hy Young 
Matchless, her dam one of Mr. Sanford's pure 
Infantado ewes. 
The ewes in above cut were bred hy us. They 
were got by Green Mountain, dams ewes of our 
pure Hammond stock. 
SORGHAM SUGAR MAKING IN SPRING, 
additional importance from the circumstance 
that the Economist is a recognized and influen¬ 
tial organ among manufacturers and among all 
engaged in the wool and cotton trade. Most 
emphatically do we subscribe to its final con¬ 
clusion, that if farmers “rush their wool into 
the market next June, just as soon as it is 
sheared,” they must expect the natural conse¬ 
quences. “Both manufacturers and dealers 
will take advantage of their weakness and buy 
their wool at a very low figure.” And there is 
no need whatever for such a foolish panic. 
Never before were our farmers so free from 
debt, so perfectly independent. No agricultural 
commodity will better bear the change from war 
to peace prices, for the reasons so cogently set 
forth below. We entreat onr wool growing 
readers to pause and consider the subject well 
before they resort to the suicidal policy of glut¬ 
ting the early market. The Economist says: 
At the present time of doubt and uncertainty the 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
AN original wzeklt 
RURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER, 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker : — I am just finish¬ 
ing the manufacture of Sorgham Sirup from the 
last years crop, and as it is a somewhat new 
business to work Sugar Cane in the spring of 
the year, I thought it might not be uninterest¬ 
ing to your numerous readers to learn of the 
success attending the trial. I was so unfortu¬ 
nate as to break my Cane Crusher soon after I 
commenced business last fall, and through this 
misfortune, and some other hindrances, I was 
unable to get'my Cane worked up In season. 
My Cane was all cut up before the frost, as fol¬ 
lows : cut four hills and laid in pile between 
the two inner rows ; then cut the next four hills 
and lay down as before, having the tops cover 
the butts of the previous pile, and so on to the 
end of the rows. This way of doing kept the 
Cane from the suu and somewhat from the 
storms. 
I drew may Cane up to my mill and piled most 
of it in one large heap, butts and tops, and 
covered It. well with straw; I let the tops hang 
over the butts about three feet. 8ome that I 
expected to work, which were standing nearly 
upright by the side of a pole (horizontal.) I 
covered with straw, and as soon as the weather 
would permit, I uncovered a portion and com¬ 
menced stripping and working, aud found that 
the green appearance so common in the fall, had 
turned to a drab ; and when I heated the juice, 
it still retained that drab color, and but a small 
amount of scum raised, compared with that 
made last fall. The quality of the sirup was 
good—ubout the same as last fall's, but the yield 
might have been less. There was more loss in 
stripping than there woo.d bavu been in the fall. 
Some that remained in the field was in as good 
condition to work as apy that I had. 
Truly yours, n. m. 
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE 
To Correspondents.— Mr. Randall’s address ts 
Cortland Village, Cortland Co., N. Y. All communica¬ 
tions intended for this Department, and all inquiries 
relating to sheep, should be addressed to him as above. 
SPECIAL CONTRIBUTORS: 
P. BARRY, C. DEWET, LL. D., 
H. T. BROOKS, L. B. LANGWORTHY, 
T. C. PETERS, EDWARD WEBSTER. 
Teh Rural new-Yorker 1b designed to he unsur¬ 
passed la Value, Purity, and Variety or Contents, and 
unique and beautiful In Appearance. Its Conductor 
devotes his personal attention to the supervision of its 
various departments, and earnestly labors to render the 
Rural an eminently Reliable Guide on all the important 
Practical, Scientific and otter Subjects Intimately 
connect "d with the business of thoso whose Interests it 
zealously advocates. As a Fa milt Journal It Is emi¬ 
nently Instructive and Entertalnlns—being 30 conducted 
that It can be safely taken to the Homes of people of 
Intelligence, taste and discrimination. It embraces more 
Horticultural, Sclentlflc, Educational, Literary and News 
Matter, Interspersed with appropriate Engravings, than 
any other journal,—rendering it far the mo3t complete 
Agricultural,Literary and Fahily NswsPAPzaln 
America. 
question ari-es. Now that we are retnrinc to peace 
and a specie basis, will woolens and worsteds be sold 
for a less gold value the next nine months than they 
were the corresponding nine months of 180b? 
* * « ft * ft « 
" la 1860 we had a very low tariff compared with the 
present one. Then we had an ad valorem duty of 24 
per cent, on woolens: now we have on ail woolen 
cloths and woolen shawls 34 cent? per pound, and in 
addition thereto S3 per cent, ad valorem, to be paid in 
gold. Then we had a duty of 20 per cent, ad wv'orem 
on carpets. Now we have a duly of 70c. per square 
yard on ail carpets of the value"of $1.25 per square 
yanl. payable in gold, nearly three times tne amount 
it was in I860: but we have a duty of .91 cents per 
square yard on all over $1 25 per yard, provided that 
none pay less than 50 per cent. Then we had a dutv 
on worsted pieces, jams, hose, cloves, &c„ of 19 and 
34 per cent, ad valorem. Now w- have a dtif.v of 35 and 
50 per Cunt, ad valorem. And -is the United States 
docs not manufacture sufficient for its own wants, it 
is evident ’hat the price of these goods will be regu¬ 
lated by the price at which they can be imported; and 
as the duty is nearly doable what It was in I860. wors¬ 
teds and woolens must he proportionately higher, 
other conditions being equal. 
" Then now was 1 it with wool!' Woo] at the value 
of 30 cents per pound, and at the port of exportation, 
was admitted duty free. All others paid 24 per cent, 
ad valorem. 
•• Vow wool at 12c. per pound, or 'ess, a: the port of 
export, pays a duty of 3c. per pound, gold. More than 
12c. per pound, and not over •Lie. per pound, 6c. per 
pound. Over 2le. per pound, and not over 32c. 
per pound, 10c. per pound and 10 cents ad valorem. 
Over 32c. per round. S2c. per pound and If per cent, 
ad valorem. 
"In view of the fact that we do not produce wool 
sufficient for our wants, is there any probability that 
it will not be as high the next nine months as ft was 
when the tariff was so much loweri A few weeks ago 
we presented the fcet. that during the war the gold 
price of wool had never been equal to its price in i860, 
wool was worth 10 cents per pound more then than its 
gold value has ever been since. It was selling then 
from W to 05 cents per ponnd, and manufacturers were 
making money, while daring the war it has never 
reached 50 cents per pound, gold, yet there have been 
times within the List twelve years that the most ordi¬ 
nary kind of clean wool was worth 50 cents. Are we 
to suppose that with our returning prosperity and 
protective tariff we shall not have as high prices'as we 
had In IS® f 
••Daring the past four years the Southern States 
have been closed to trade. Now they are thrown 
open, and we expect a demand for woolens from that 
quarter much larger ihan we have had the past four 
years. It is urged hy many that bm few woolens are 
required in the South, on account of the warmth of the 
climate; tint our b<-#' woolens wont there before the 
war, ami though through the day the Southerner 
wears light goods, yet iff the evening he wears wool¬ 
ens. Tat* Texan requires them to protect him from 
the “Norther,” while our heaviest caasimeres find a 
market In New Mexico and California. Then, again, 
during rids time wo have a largearusy to clothe either 
as soldiers or as civilians. If paid off in that time, 
then, with their pockets well replenished, from boun¬ 
ties ar.d back pay, they will nor O oiv reunite more 
clothes, but a better article, 
”Th« yeopie at largo are bare of goods, and are 
ready to supply their wants, now that they are ap¬ 
proaching a gold standard; for the price of labor, like 
the price of many other articles, has not been equal to 
gold value, nor will it be likely to fall with the price 
of gob: The laborer during -ho past four years has 
been at le to obtain little more for himself and family 
than Actual necessities; while the rule ha- always 
been that * reduction in the price of provisions in¬ 
creases the demand for wearing apparel. We have a 
large increase of machinery both for worsteds and 
woolens : the worsted business having .most entirely 
spnyrjpip during the last four years, and is now caus¬ 
ing an enormous T.emand compared with the supply 
L)r coarse combing wools, and giving them a value 
unprecedented iu the whole history of the wool busi¬ 
ness. Last week, notwithstanding the severe depres¬ 
sion, coarse Canada wool sold for $1.15 in Boston, 
which was cquid ♦ 70.Le. in gold. Then v\ -- have a 
larA increase of machinery for ruous. do laius. This 
biumesa requires combing wool, bat of a shorier and 
fin-.^%iud than rut commonly termed combing This 
' iucrv.iite will require a greater quantity of wool than 
the increased production of the past four years, leav¬ 
ing the Increased machinery to be supplied from for- 
etgfr wools, We leave also reason to believe, from 
facts that have lately come to our knowledge, that, on 
account of our increased tariff, several large English 
manufacturers contemplate, moving their machinery 
v> i .# country, and bringing operatives stuBe'.ent to 
wbrk it. 
•' It is urged by many that the termination of the war 
trill brum anfucrehsed supply of cotton, and that this 
wrt^entW Into competition with wool and reduce us 
value, • I Vacs the high price of wool depend upon the 
scarcity of cotton 1 Wo contend that it doe- not, but 
rather, that a plentiful supply of cotton enhances 
the value of wool. We have Already shown that the 
f old v.c.ie of wool during '.he past four year* hue been 
elow that of the year previous to thc'war. it must 
be remembered that the past foar years has been a 
period ot intense suffering In England. France and 
the German Slates, ciused by ’he -earthly of cotton. 
Hundreds of thousands were thrown 0 «t of employ¬ 
ment with the first outbreak of the war. In Lan¬ 
cashire, England, whole towns, not only of operatives 
but of trades people also, were ruined by this rebel¬ 
lion. aud to these places, though ihe severe distress 
in a great measure has been relieved, prosperity has 
not yotroturned. Among this people there has been 
IW~ For Terns and other particulars, see last page, 
vGimxmriui 
BEEF - WHY SCARCE AND HIGH PRICED 
The extraordinarily high price of beef in all 
our markets cannot he attributed to the samo 
causes that affect Imported goods, t at, is alone 
created by a scarcity of animals to produce the 
article. There is no locality in all the region 
east of the lakes that produces animals sufficient 
to keep down and regulate our own markets; 
and therefore what few producers there are, tax 
the pockets of the consumer unreasonably and 
without stint, and to meet the demand butchers 
are obliged to kill animals so badly fattened that 
they arc hardly lit for dogs’ meat. Why isit so ? 
The great West is now almost wholly supply¬ 
ing all the Eastern citYes at exhorbitunt prices; 
immense railroad trains fairly encumber the 
roads, to the exclusion of way freight, wholly 
loaded with animals. We ought in every sense 
tp.be able to supply onr own markets and our 
own wants and necessities, 
y One of our great over-sights aud faults we 
consider, is the killing of so many calves, which, 
with a little care and small outlay, would in three 
years turn ont fine marketable animals, worth 
from fifty to seventy-five dollars each, according 
as they are eras 9 or stall fed. A calf after the first 
week with the cow’s fresh milk, can, in another 
week on half and half, be weaned to skimmed 
milk and a little Indian meal, aud In a mouth be 
turned to grass, and during the winter he kept 
in thriving order, by feeding a few roots and 9 talk 
fodder. And if you do the right thing iu raising 
a good crop of corn, at the three years’ end, 
almost before you know it, you have a line yard 
of aippials, that is good for sore eyes to look 
upon and may be sold at your own door, making 
happy amends for any failure of the preceding 
wheat crop. 
Every farmer as is a fanner, should always 
kill a beef for his own consumption during win¬ 
ter, to relieve the stomachs of the family from 
the eternal heavy, fat food of that auimal that 
was forbidden by the Mosaic law, which now so 
universally prevails in the rural districts. A 
good, well fattened sirloin, or rib of beef roasted, 
or a Porter House steak broiled, or even a nice 
boiled brisket nicely corned, is not bad to take. 
The raising of animals Is a point in good hus¬ 
bandry as important as any system of farming 
that can be adopted. There is a great falling off 
and ueglect hi growing beef creatures, while the 
pork business is well aud thoroughly performed, 
and even some years an unprofitable surplus 
produced. The sheep stock is readily increased 
-*t greater care and risk than the bullock and cow 
raising, which are neglected. Is there any good 
reason for it ? If so, name it. 
t INFANTADO EWE9. 
SDS’ INFANTADO SHEEP. | The ram teg, Grand, bred by .rselves, was 
- dropped In April, 1864. He was got by Gold- 
Y Brandon, Vermont, write j finder, Goldtinder was got by Mr. Hammond’s 
50, we purchased of Edwin i Gold Drop, dam by Green Mountain, grand dam 
bury, Yt., twenty-five ewe one of the ewes we purchased of Mr. Hammond. 
autado stock. We first used j Goldtinder was bought for and is now the prop- 
tock rams, Matchless, Old erty of John D. Patterson of California. 
Vool, (for the pedigrees of —The accompanying portraits were drawn and 
Shepherd, p. 1*21.) and after- I engraved expressly for the Rural New-Yorker. 
PLANS FOR HAY RACKS 
In the Rural of March IS, “O. N. C.” wants 
a hay rack. I have one made by a neighbor 
which is, I think, handy. Take two pieces of 
lumber or S inches by S, lfilfcet long, frame 
these together closely, with four cross ties, 2t^ 
by 6, so as to fit inside the stakes of the wagon. 
Put through each of these ties two mortices six 
inches from the center; into these fit two by four 
scantling for arms, a bevel tenon at the lower 
end extending through far enough to receive a 
pin on the underside, at an angle to clear the 
hind wheels, and length to make a rack the 
desired width. Fasten two hoards six inches 
wide across the arms on each side, a strip in 
front to support a “ center pole,” a board on the 
bottom, and you have a “rig” “easily taken 
apart aud put on and taken off” without any 
“tugging aud lifting.” w. c. 
Farmersburg, Iowa., 1865. 
Ei>s. Rural : — I send my plan for a grain 
or hay rigging. Take two pine or whitewood 
plank, 10 feet long, two inches thick, and say 12 
inches wide. Frame in three cross pieces 10 
inches wide and 2^ inches thick, with tenons 
long enough to receive a pin outside the frame. 
Forward cross pieces far enough back not to 
interfere with wheel in turning. Place the 
frame on the wagon, and make the braces of 
pine, whitewood or chestnut, 2 l , inches thick, 
SLj inches wide where they rest on side pieces, 
tapering to 1}£ inches at each end — 4 for each 
side. Try the braces and narrow down the side 
pieces before, and behind if necessary, so the 
braces and sideboards will clear the wheels, 
(.’hamper off the lower corners of the lower ends 
of braces, so they will enter iron staples driven 
Into the inside lower edge of side pieces to 
receive them. Place the side boards on and fas¬ 
ten them with bolts. Boards 16 feet long, 1 inch 
pine or hemlock. Make wedge - shaped pieces 
to fill up on the sides under the braces. Nail to 
the braces to make the load rest squarely on 
frame. Also nail similar pieces on braces inside 
the frame to prevent sides from shaking off. 
For a ladder, put on a cross bar two or three 
inches from end, of oak two iuehes square. Set 
iuto 6ido pieces two Inches, and fasten with large 
screws for ladder to lean against. Place the 
ladder and let it lean forward against the bar 
and mark place for round to pass through the 
side pieces and lower end of ladder. Round 
lV.j inches, and fasten iu with pins. Cannot 
give exact width of side pieces, as wagons vary 
so much in width between stakes. 
The above described rigging is the best kind 
I ever used, and a man can easily lift it on or off 
as it is in three pieces. A. Rovison. 
Waterloo, N. Y., 1S65. 
Efeects of Buckwheat Straw on Domestic 
Animals.— J. Miller, of the D4th N. Y. Yols., 
writes the Rural: —“Buckwheat aud buckwheat 
straw create, when fed to them, on all the domes¬ 
tic animals a variola-like cutaneous eruption, 
called buckwheat eruption, appearing on all the 
spots poorly covered with hair or wool—around 
the mouth, ou the ears, aud inside the hind 
legs. This disappears without further injury as 
soon as the food is changed." 
ORA NO. 
ago, advanced in anticipation of the same result; 
and they arc fortified by the able editor of that 
paper by many new facts drawn from events of 
more recent occurrence. The article derives 
Green Mountain, dropped in ISAS, was bred by i 
r«« V * 1 O C . .... .tf . . »1 T^A IT 
William R. Sanford of Orwell, Yt. Ho was 
got by the Cross Ram bred by Mr. Sanford, 
by Old Greasy, cec. For Mr. Sanford’s descrip- 
