:l is 
no demand for woolens, and it is utterly impossible 
for one country to suffer and others escape with im¬ 
punity. The large number of cotton operatives that 
have been out of employment in these countries have 
depressed the labor market; consequently, woolens 
have been produced at a lower rate the past four 
years than they wore the year previous. 1 Ins lias had 
an effect upon this market; and the consumption of 
wool in these countries having been dmutUehed on 
account of a contracted consumption of goods, cloth¬ 
ing wool has been lower in England the past four 
year* than it *w&s before tbe wmt. AikI wny * bon id it 
not * England has exported few woolens to this 
country during tho war. compared with other years, 
and her home trade has been during the same lime 
seriously depressed. , 
•'In September, 1800, German wool gold in England 
for adoffl*!.90 Cape unwashed, 19@30c B lb.; 
Mesrtw unwashed, UVrurte * lb.; English combing, 
42ifi 44c V Tq June. 1861, German wool sold from 
52ifi.(«c tg lb*: Cape unwashed. lStolS^c 'ft ft.; 'Mes¬ 
tizo unwashed, f lb : English combing, 
34 VffMOc V 1b. Tn June, 1862, German wool sold for 
BaatWe; Cape. 17@10c: Mestizo. 14 V@19Vc ; English, 
38^40c, In Jnnc.lWii. German wool sold for 56<3>84c; 
Mestizo, 1OV'3>90 ! l ,c; English, 48^560. In February, 
1866, German wool. 56@6Se; Mestizo, I4:ff20c; English, 
52@siflc. It will be seen from these figures that cloth¬ 
ing' wool has not been so high in England during the 
past four vears as previous, while English wools did 
not reach the price of I860 till the present year. Tho 
difference in the lower priced foreign wools has been 
about equal to the additional duty paid in this coun¬ 
try, so that we have been enabled to import those 
wools at about the same price in gold Hint they were 
imported for before the war, while the high price of 
English eombiug in February accounts for the ad¬ 
vance or that kind of wool in this country. In May. 
1861. English delaine sorts were sold in England at 
38a43c 1b. In May. 1862, they were sold at. 36f’i40c 
%? 1b. In May, 1863, they had advanced to 42tJMftc tf> 
lit. In May. 1864, they bad further advanced to 46@54c 
98 tb. In February. 1865. they were sold at 4SP54c 
lb. The advance in the price of Ihese wools was 
caused hy their being substituted for cotton. They 
are the class or wools we have long urged the Ameri¬ 
can farmer to produce in place of much Of the poor 
dirty heavy wools which come iu direct competition 
witli the low priced foreign wools. If we add the duty 
paid on these wools, which is 32c., we have then $S@ 
04c gold. This would be tbc price this wool would 
cost to supply ns from abroad. But the prices paid in 
England for this class of wool Will enable ue to 6end 
it to that market and obtain a higher price tn gold 
than it is selling for here to-day. 4Sc gold is. to-day 
equivalent to 70c our currency. '54c in gold in nng- 
land is eqnivalent, to 80c our currency. 
“But it will be urged that these wools having taken 
the place of cotton in a measure will recede in price 
as cotton becomes more abundant, but cotton is not 
going to fall to the point of I860 for some years to 
come. It will take some time to produce cotton at 
that price and tn the same condition. Much of the 
cotton that ts now in the market is in bad condition, 
and consequently is much higher in price compared 
with the quality and condition of cotton sold in I860, 
Now it will be found that just in proportion as cotton 
falls in price the machinery of this and European coun¬ 
tries will start; employment will be given to the ope¬ 
ratives: the demand for woolens will increase; the 
increased demand for foreign woo'g in England will 
increase their price here, which will enhance the value 
of our own wool; and the increased cost of the pro¬ 
duction of woolens in these countries will so increase 
their values that they cannot he imported at so low a 
gold price as during the past four years. This will in¬ 
crease the gold value of our own production. We have 
shown 1,he vnlnp of delaine woo: in England, ni d we 
our mother tongue to express the difference between 
them, Suppose we had no terms, like boy or girl, or 
youth, &e„ to imply the period in human lire between 
babyhood and manhood, would our languague be as 
complete and convenient, in that particular, as it is 
now? A correspondent has Objected Id “borrowing 
words from England.” Where does that patriotic in¬ 
dividual understand that the English language, which 
we speak, came from ? Tegs are called yearlings in 
the prize list of the N. Y. Sheep Breeders' and Wool 
Growers' Association. We favored that designation, 
for several reasons. The two leading ones were.these: 
The other class in each case (two-year old or over,) 
showed precisely what wag meant by yearlings in that 
list, viz., sheep under two years old. And we did not 
want, on such an occasion, to introduce a term which 
auybody could possibly regard as a "new-fangled” 
one. The term teg, however, is rapidly becoming 
common among sheep farmers. 
on them inside the wheels, and a board one foot 
wide outside the wheels, and put in inch pins 
through the board and scantling, near the ends, 
which rise about one foot* to hold on the hay. 
Then have four hooks in your wagon shed, upon 
which to suspeud the rack when not in use, and 
your rack is secured from the weather and easy 
to put on and take off. S. W. Arnold. 
and may be safely used for a sick or idle horse. 
F„ IE Patch, a well known boarding stabler, 
prefers cut feed and meal three times a day, and 
long hay Ihe last thing at night. Farmers usu¬ 
ally feed too much hay. LlkeB corn meal ground 
line. Would not feed on shorts alone. Hogs 
eun live on horse manure when horses have coarse 
meal, Rye aucl carrots weaken a horse. Horses 
vary in their needs, but tifteeu pounds of hay 
Rural Notes (mb (Eilneries. 
JThb, Death of Abraham Lincoln, the chosen 
Ruler,'Friend and Preserver of tho Nation, struck 
awe to all loyal hearts throughout the Country. For 
awhile the People were paralyzed, then wept, but soon 
resolved that the Republic should he saved, and Jus¬ 
tice meted out to all traitors. The ordeal lias been 
TIN Vs. STEEL CHEESE CUTTERS. ftnd uieaI ‘‘neh, a day, or a hundred pounds each f,everc and terrible, but there ia a silver lining to the 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker : — I watched with 
a week is enough for most horses. A peek of 
com meal weighs about fourteen pounds. A 
shown l,he vnlne of delaine woo: in England, ai d wi¬ 
ll a vc large quantities of this class of wool produced 
here which is equal and some superior to the English 
wools, and there is no earthly reason why this class of 
wool should be sold one cent less here than It is in 
England—Uiat is 4S@A4e, say 50c It,, in gold. 
“But if the farmers are determined to rush their 
wool into the market nest June, lust as soon as it i- 
shearod. they must expect that doth manufacturer? 
and dealers will take advantage of their weakness, buy 
their wool at a very low figure, and either take it out 
of the market tintl hold it till prices advance, or send it 
to Etiglandandsellltfor50c. per pound there. Now the 
farmer can hold ou to hie wool: tie can i r he will make 
the money which others have made on account of his 
flootb g market, with it for a few days in June 
Let him do with his wool as he does with every other 
commodity, sell when the best opportunity offers, and 
he will find a source of profit tie lias not yet reached. 
Let him wash his wool well, do it up in good shape, 
with not too much string, and he will find that he has 
two airings to his bow. He can cither have 50c. per 
pound, gold, or its equivalent m currency here, nr 60e. 
per pound, gold, in England. Vi c think when all 
tlicge reasons are carefully and candidly examined, it 
will bc found that, there is no reason whatever whv 
the gold price of wool for the comrtng vear should not 
be as high as in I860.” 
— - ~ — ♦ »-+ 
CONDENSED CORRESPONDENCE, ITEMS, &c 
Moxonoa tin la Vallet. — Samuel Shepler calls 
the attention of those interested to the fact that the 
CONDENSED CORRESPONDFNPF TTTV 5 a* ' 'mauig or lying pynimseii, a dull expression in hi - 
VUAJUiBrUNDJhHbE, HEMS, &C eye. and evidently something wrong. Jn forty-eight 
- hours he refused to eat, 1 separated him from the 
Moxonuauela Valley. — Samuel Shepler calls ^ ocK - :Ul( l modified the above proscription as follows: 
tbe attention of lice IntercM u> tbe 
Monongabela \ alley presents peculiar advantages for time, three times, at intervals of twelve hones. His 
’ Winter Decltne.—J. S. Stanger, Mt.Morris. Ogle ing on one of the resolutions presented by 11 
i Co., Ill,, writes:—“I have a ram teg that is ailing. Fish of Herkimer county. With the most 
| The symptoms of disease are simply a decline, falling those resolutions I fully agree; but with that in 
i awa * v - ? rowin S weaker, a languid look of the eye and re i a |ion to steel knives I cannot at present con- 
I think enlargement of the pupil. The eyelid is white „„ , . „ . ... 
• and looks bloodless, and the pulse is feeble, Ho cats CDr * . ?f &8 ° 1 “"?* an arrangement with 
\ well enough cither corn, oale, or bay—drinks heartily a Bei S bbor to manufacture Ms milk with my 
■ —and is not costive, lie is attended regularly—wa- thus having the milk of tort _\ -one cows. 
tcred once and fed twice each day on hay and mixed For ten or fifteen years I have used a cheese cut 
. corn, and oats—and runs with ten of my weakest ter with sixteen tin blades, with a narrow strip 
lambs. ’Phis decline has been going on since early in of tin soldered across tbe points, or lower end, 
November. The teg is one or a lot I brought with me to prevent spreading; but wishing for the best 
from Pennsylvania last fall, All suffered from the apparatus, I purchased one of Young's steel 
trip, but the rest recovered and are doing well.” knives with six blades. I immediately found 
We have again and again alluded to this winter de- that it required much more time to cut the curd 
dine in sheep It is a gradual wasting away, and 6ufficicntl y fine with the steel knife than with 
oftentimes hardly asenmee the appearance of a specific . , , . ... 
disease, until towards its last stages. It is liable to thC tm 0ne ’ y<it W 0Scd lbe Simu * ln l * uantity 
attack sheep of any age if they enter tho winter in wonld compensate for the extra time required, 
low condition, and if the winter proves an unfavor- wishing to know the exact difference as 
able one. But tegs and old crones (old feeble sheep) near as possible, I used tbe new knife on every 
are-most subject to it; and ram tegs are more subject alternate day for two weeks, making use of the 
to it than ewe tegs. We have known it to fall with old ones on intervening days. The milk ws 
desolating severity on yearlings, particularly yearling accurately weighed when strained into the va 
rams and wethers. It is rather proverbial that a con- and tLe d iees c also when taken from the pres, 
siderabte flock of yearhng rams are not apt to winter m, c . 
well together. 1 The process of manufacture being as near i 
Mr. S. describes the symptoms as they frequently F oss " lljlc alike in either ease. At the end of ill 
appear down to a certain stage. In the last, stage ® Meeks I made accurately. \ erage of the weigl 
diarrnhea often supervenes, accompanied with pecn- cheese made with the use of each knife, an 
liraly offensive stools. There is generally, too, a dis- found a balance of two pounds per daj in fave 
charge of mucus from the nose, sometimes so viscid of the tin knife pith sixteen blades. This resul 
that it requires to be scraped away to prevent it from was the opposite of what I expected, and I ca 
impeding respiration; andayellowish waxy substance account for it on no other ground than the lac 
daSZme death ^ ^ W ’ tit * *** * ,eW that a many-bladed knife cuts the curd nearer c 
Various remedies have been tried, but in an ad- * 6ize tLftI1 0nC wltil bUl fe * bUd<?S ’ 
vanccd stage of the malady they rarely produce even Any fact * from y011r correspondents, beat 
a modification of the symptoms and scarcely ever a in £ 011 this subject, may be of use to the com 
cure. The only effective remedy we have ever heard munity in dairy districts. T. Peirce. 
of is prevention. This consists in bringing the sheep Springville, Erie Co., N. Y., April, 1S65. 
into the winter in fine healthy condition, and keeping -•—*—- 
^ ,C04 ,,,d S ° 0d,n “” : EIGHT "• “FI PLOWS. 
Since the foregoing was written we have received a ^ ^ . T ,, , 
communication from Wsr. Bassett, Oakland Countv. k”RAL New -Yorker : In the last uum- 
Mich., who. speaking of a remedy for that disease e-ys- bcr y° ur paper, Afr. Strong 01 Ill., discussed 
“ Some of my neighbors believe iher have di-cov- tbC meritS ° f pl ° WS ’ aDd tri f to fhoM tbat a luf( 
eretl the great desideratum in the following recipe •— hand plow was far superior tt> a righthand plow. 
SiSS* SIS SSf itoltSSSTiSp Cc hS'SS 1 wU1 ,rJ!md •'“>"•«»* £»•**«»« 
of an egg. One dose is said to be sufficient." whatever. Mr. Strong first tried to show that 
We arc sorry to say that w-e have never been able to tb e near horse would walk more steadily iu tbc 
find, nor even to comprehend, the action of any of forrow than the off one, rjid If the near horse 
these supposed specifics, which at “ one dose" restore was on the laud he would walk near the furrow 
heai : h. vigor, and the proper action of all the functions and make a narrow furrow^^Now I would say 
to a frame lacking all of them, Mr. B. thus describes that it makes no difforene^j the horses, one 
the action of the remedy in a different disease: W U1 learn to walk in the furlw just as well as 
wether? , Tu t good e order C , C JuS? l\oxLeTlr^Uy tbe v ° lbcr - and a£ 10 waUdn e [unow ’ 
standing or lying hy himself, a dull expression in Ms ^ or&e will learn jubt as qfiick to walk near 
eye. and evidently something wrong. In forty-elglit the furrow as the neai’ one. 
some interest for your report of the Cheese luau that gives six quarts of meal at one feed, 
Manufacturers’ Convention, held at Utica in usually has a poor horse, and shows his igno- 
Jauuary last, and confess that I was disappointed rftncc feeding. Severe exercise, retards diges- 
in the result. don > keucc a horse should have less than usual 
I do not wish to find fault, but only to present J us ^ before and after a hard drive. Water spar- 
a little of my experience and observation bear- : a half pailful at onco being ample. Too 
ing on one of the resolutions presented by Mr. much water scours a horse and derauges diges- 
Fisn of Herkimer county. With the most of 1 ' 0U - Regularity conduces to thrift, and the clear¬ 
er a horse, the healthier. Grooming saves feed. 
George Kibbe, the coufcctionor, who always 
keeps good horses, aud knows how to improve 
them, believes in a variety of food, as well as 
regularity. He would have no meals in a day 
alike. LikM a clean manger aud a sharp appe¬ 
tite. Fasting sharpens the appetite. Uses very- 
little long hay, and never more at a time, than 
can bc carried with one hand. Prefers oats first 
iu the morning, corn meal aud shorts in equal 
quantities, wet, at noon, and cut feed at night. 
Cracked corn or corn in the ear is desirable once 
a week. Uses a thin blanket in the stable. A 
horse treated iu this way generally looks and 
feels well, and is ready for service. At Quincy, 
Ill., where Mr. Kibbe spent the last winter, they 
feed horses twelve ears of corn three times a 
day. Nearly one-third of their horses are blind 
old ones ou intervening days. The milk was or white eyes, caused, doubtless, by giving 
portentous cloud —for the People are, more than ever 
before, united, firm anil determined in. the sacred pur¬ 
pose of restoring and perpetuating the Union. In- 
stond of aiding secession, (l»e base and cowardly 
assassination of the late President — the dastardly 
revenge of vanquished treason —will recoil upon the 
heads of its plotters and abettors, and result in con¬ 
quering or driving all rebels from these soon to be 
Free, Independent and United States I May Heaven 
speed the consummation,^enabling up.jfs aj People 
and Nation, to temper Justice with Mercy 1 
Tub Season, Prospects, &c.—Our article in the 
Rural nt the 15th“ (written tin the 10th,TwhoreitTVo 
spoke of the season being very propitious, with warm 
aud favorable weather for out door operations, was 
somewhat promature-for since then the cold rains 
and high, chill winds have been quite adverse to (lie 
interests and active pursuits or rurajists. For tile 
past ten days especially, (we write on the evening of 
the 2 lt.li,) the weather has been decidedly unseasonable 
in this region—chill, rainy and dreary, in consonance 
with the sad feelings of tho people who were mourn¬ 
ing in consequence »f the unparalleled National calam¬ 
ity. bast night there was a severe frost hereabouts, 
but the sun has shone brightly to-day, and wc think 
no material Injury will result to fruit or other exposed 
crops. If fair, warm weather be vouchsafed us iu 
future, the season and crop prospects may soon prove 
as encouraging In May as many had anticipated. Our 
reports from oilier sections, near and distant, arc gen¬ 
erally of a favorable character. 
accurately weighed when strained into the. vat, 
and the cheese also when taken from the press. 
The process of manufacture being as near as 
possible alike in cither case. At the end of t he 
two weeks I made accural coverage of the weight 
of cheese made with the use of each knife, and 
found a balance of two pounds per day in favor 
corn to colts, 
better. 
Mature horses can hear corn 
of the tin knife with sixteen blades. This result about the first of March, the eyes will st art rap- 
was the opposite of what I expected, and I can idly, the nourishment in the tubers will sustain 
account for it on no other ground than the fact them for two or three weeks, by which time 
that a many-bladed knife cuts the curd nearer of they may usually he planted out in some favor- 
a size than one with but fe» blades. 
Any facts from yonr correspondents, hear¬ 
ing on this subject, may be of use to the com¬ 
munity in dairy districts. T. Peirce. 
Springville, Erie Co., N. Y„ April, 1S65. 
RIGHT vs. LEFT HAND PLOWS. 
Eds. Rural New'-Yorker In the lust num¬ 
ber of your paper, Mr. Strong of Ill., discussed 
the merits of plows, and tried to show that a left 
hand plow was far superior tb a righthand plow. 
I will try and show that there is no difference 
whatever. Mr. Strong first tried to show that 
the near horse would walk more steadily in the 
forrow than the off one, and if the near horse 
was on the land he would walk near the furrow 
and make a narrow furroi«WS T ow I would say 
that it makes no dlfl'ercnci^) the horses, one 
better. The Wheat Crop—Draining— Fattening Stock, 
——- &c.—In a note to the Country Gentleman, written 
Starting Early Potatoes. April 10th, (the flay preceding his 75th birth-day,) 
. r . . John Johnston, Esq., of Seneca county, N. Y., save 
A CROP of potatoes, ready for the table early th e wheat crop was never hotter thereabouts than t his 
iu <. une, may be secured without great trouble, season, and adds“ Drained and undrained, all looks 
If seed potatoes are brought into a warm room well; but if one or two million of tbe money that has 
about the first of March, the eyes will start rap- boon spent on this war could have been applied to 
idly, the nourishment in the tubers will sustain drainin S the land, ihe improvement to the country 
them for two or three weeks, by which time w °Hld have been immonso. However, the war is over 
they may usually he planted out in some favor- 1 thblk ’ aud il wdt ccrtaiul >' he a long time before the 
able spot. Of course, cure must be taken iu a °°' lK ' r "‘T,,* 1 * 1AeNor,h ' Tat 
. , I am afraid our high luxes will retard the iinprove- 
plantu, ot ti. biuik the sprouts. Or the menl. of the land, unless high prices for produce pre- 
tubers may be planted in a hot-bed 01 moderate vat], which is hardly to be expected, except when they 
temperature, about the middle ot the month, have a great failure iu England, Scotland and Ireland. 
Cut them in halves, lay them flat side down, as A S^at deal has been made by fattening cattle and 
thick as they can be planted, and cover with 8 beep thapast winter—more than ever borore; hut It 
about ten inches of earth. They may bc trans- is almoet emo t0 be the rcvcra ’ c asxl Y ear > especially 
planted when t wo or three inches high. They Sf foed 10 w ' as ^ mMywlU fi011110 lhu bUfiiDMB ” 
will not be likely to yield a full crop under this 
able spot. Of course, care must be taken iu 
planting out not 10 break the sprouts. Or the 
tubers may he planted in a hot-bed of moderate 
temperature, about the middle of the month. 
treatment, and may therefore be planted more 
closely, say in drills, thirty inches apart, aud 
twelve inches apart in the drills. Another meth¬ 
od is to put pieces of potato in small squares of 
A Vermont Cheese Factory— There is a very fine 
cheese Factory hi West Fawlet, Vt. It manufactures 
milk from 350 cows, and employs three hands. Iu the 
best of last season it made nine cheese per day, each 
weighing 100 lbs. when cured. Ten lbs. of milk made 
if L A.1 1 cuitu, ACH IU?, v* lillla mnuc 
turf, ect them close tegether in a warm place , !b . of cheese. The cheese sold at from S 3 to 25 cts. 
the establishment of an extensive woolen manufac¬ 
tory. He describes it as one of the best wool growing 
regions in the United States, with abundant, and com 
venient waterpower, great facilities of transportation, 
&c., Ac. But he doee not point ont what particular 
parts of it he would call attention to, and. acciden¬ 
tally no doubt, fails to give Ms own address. 
PratenASE AND 8ALE OF SHEET AT THE FAIR.— 
A correspondent asks us if it is st ill intended to have 
a public sale of sheep at the conclusion of the Fair at 
Cauandagua ? Unquestionably, if any persons Urns 
wish to offer theirs for public competition. We un¬ 
derstand that a very large number of gentlemen will 
be present from all parts of the country on purpose to 
buy sheep. So far as Merinos are concerned, there 
will be a demand for all qualities, from fair to extra. 
We know one gentleman who wishes to buy SO ewes, 
another 40. and a number of parties from 5 to 30 each. 
Life Members.— The following persons sent in 
appetite was soon restored, and the second dav al'kr 
he jumped from his pen aud rejoined the flock, and is 
now doing welL” 
dlommunifations, (£tc. 
ABOUT GRAIN DRILLS, 
It 6eems that some of your correspondents 
think well of the grain drill. I never owned one 
or used one, (except to sow peas, for which it is 
a very good thing,) but many of my neighbors 
do own them, aud I have been a clo^; observer 
suid inquirer for the last ten years to ascertain 
the true value of the machine. I have examin¬ 
ed dozens of fields and talked with dozens of 
farmers about the drill and the crops grown from 
seed sown with them, and never yet found a man 
that thought he ged any snore grain from that I 
the furrow as the near one. 
I plow witli a right hand plow, and jockey off 
my near horse, and no horse will crowd out of the 
furrow after a few rounds; and in reference lo 
turning, it makes not the leas difference to the 
team which way you learn them to turn, and it 
is natural for a colt to walk in the furrow better 
than on the land, and no oi e would think of 
where they can be watered readily. On cold 
nights protect them with straw. When large 
enough they can be set out turf and all, without 
disturbing the roots. This might not pay on a 
large scale, hut enough may thus be brought 
forward for a family supply, until the main crop 
is mature enough to draw upon.— Selected, 
Raising Calves. 
A CORRESPONDENT of the Germantown Tel* 
egraph, thus describes his method of raising 
calvesA calf that I am going to raise I never 
let enck the cow. It is much easier to teach it 
to drink without than after sucking. I have had 
calves drink alone before they were twelve hours 
old; and after the second day have but little 
hooking up a coH on the near side, which you trouble with them, as they drink freely it in good 
would have to do in a left hand plow: and atm n , >... ..... . 
their names as Life Members of the New York State, drilled than he did from that sown broadcast 
Sheen Breeders' and Won! Growers' A fconfia H/vn ■Prvr I i it. _ •_ .. ± _ •. „ .. ! 
Sheep Breeders' and Wool Growers’ Association for 
the week ending April 22d: 
William Uhamberlain, Esq.,.Red Hook. 
Elijah Ennis, Esq...Palm vi a. 
Samuel Lawrence, Esq,.New York. 
John R. Page, Kstj,...Bennett 
S. Center, Esq..South Butler. 
Robert. E. Chamberlain, Esq,.Niles. 
Charles 11 Clement. Esq,.Pompey Hill. 
Guilford C. Clapp, Eaq,. *• 
Morris Beau). Esq,. 
Randolph Beard, Esq,. “ * 
Sweet Brothers. Esq»,.’| « 
Samuel AL Hibbard, Esq,.Manlius. 
Sucking Lambs at the Fair.—* A gentleman at 
Rashviile inquires if ewes with lambs at their feet ( 
will be exhibited at the Fair, aud if there will be any 
premiums paid on sucking lambs? We take it for 
granted that, many ewes wiming lambs will be ehowjt. 
They will look a little Ihinner and rougher than dry 
ewes, but good judges can decide ou their real nJpLi 
equally well in this condition, and they will n*l as¬ 
suredly allow them to be prejudiced by Inferior condi¬ 
tion produced in this way. Therefore let no man k«*p* 
back his ewes because they have Inrnbs. No prize 1ms 
been offered for sucking lambs, but should there he a 
good show of them on the ground, vre feel warranted 
in saying that a haudaome set of premiums will be' 
offered and a committee appointed to aw«d them. 
® ft, • 
The Term “Teo.”—R. S. Sbldbn, Le Roy, N. Y., 
asks at what age does the terra M teg ” apply to sheep. 
The,Eugti8h apply it to them between -weaning aud 
the first shearing. Our own people have generally 
called them lambs from birth to the first shearing. 
But this leads to confusion. From the time lambs 
come iu March or April, down to the time when those 
which came the previous year are sheared, the farmer 
has what he frequently term- his “ last years lambs " 
and Ms “ this years lambs.” This is an awkward cir¬ 
cumlocution, and a wholly unnecessary one, so long 
as there is an ancient and well established word in 
and the labor is certainly increased, for the. land 
requires just as much dragging, either before or 
after sowing, as it would if sown broad-cast. 
When the ground is wet in spring, as it usually 
is when we sow spring wheat, (for that should 
he sown as soon as the land is sufficiently free 
from frost to allow the harrow to work,) the 
drill clogs sometimes, and when it doee not clog 
it docs not cowr one half the grain. 
One mau sowing out of a bag or basket will 
walk and sow as fast as a team moves, and sow 
nearly twice as wide a breadth, thus doing more 
work than the horses, drill and driver together. 
I have noticed, drills at work with the teeth 
raised, thus being used only to scatter the grain. 
I never yet. saw any grain that was put in evenly. 
I^mictimes tier#*vill be spaces of t wo feet where 
them is no grain, and then a hundred grains with¬ 
in one I'uaiU Jt seems to me the “ neplus ultra” 
of saving To^e to have each grain equi-distant 
from its neighbor, which the drill certainly does 
nof accomplish. 
would have to do iu a left.baud plow; and again 
i it makes no difference to the ground whether it 
is turned right or left just so it is turned up deep 
enough. 0. t. p, 
Orangeville, Ill. 
TO START A BALKY HORSE. 
Josh Billings says: “Talk of the patience 
of Job ; I should like to know If he ever taught 
a country district school and boarded round; or 
undertook to drive a balky horse. If there is 
any pursuit in life that will exhaust the patience 
of man and make a minister swear— them's urn." 
Sometimes a balky horse may he made to go 
by blindfolding, sometimes by putting a stone 
in his ear and tieing it dose, and sometimes by 
burning a bundle of straw under him. An 
exchange says—“Fill his mouth with dirt, or 
gravel from the road, and he’ll go. The plain 
philosophy of the thing is —it diverts Lis atten¬ 
tion and gives something else to think of. We 
have Been It tried a hundred times, and it Las 
never failed.” L, 
Orleans Co., N. Y. 
■-♦ 
Uural Spirit of ffee 
Horse Feeding. 
Tub Springfield, Mass., Repumiean, has col¬ 
lected the experience of a large Amber of per¬ 
sons ami firms that keep many forses, and we 
give the following as most applicable to this 
region: 
Henry & Marsh, long livery leepers in this 
health. Besides the great advantage of this is, 
that when they are turned with the cows they 
never trouble them, neither have I to muzzle 
them to prevent, their sucking, as they know 
nothing about it. For tho first two weeks I give 
them milk drawn from the mother; after that 
the cud comes, then I scald a little bran or ground 
oats and coru cake meal, etc. This mixture I 
have about milk warm, feeding them three times 
a day, making fresh each time, as they do not 
relish stale food. They will soon cat a little hay; 
clover is best. If there is grass, I tic them out 
for a short time, and in six weeks may bc left to 
run, and then slop gradually slacked off. I con¬ 
sider March the best time to start calves, as 
iu April they can get a little grass, and by the 
following winter they have a good beginning. 
Polishing Plows. 
The following recipe, sent to the Farm Jour¬ 
nal, by a practical and scientific farmer, will be 
found useful at this season : 
“The application of sulphuric acid, diluted 
with its own weight of water, to the mold-board 
of a plow, aud allowing it to remain on the iron 
twenty-four hours, would be calculated to eat 
the surface into holes, and destroy the iron. 
Dilute sulphuric acid will not only dissolve the 
oxides of iron, hut will destroy the metal. If 
those who wish to spare themselves the trouble 
of polishing a rusty mold-board, will have re¬ 
course to muriatic add, (quite as cheap an arti¬ 
cle,) they will find that this ucid will not touch 
the iron, but will render the rust soluble and 
easily removed. 1 would not advise allowing the 
to ascert^ip from aiftig course of observation, 
aud rn« it is pojJpronomy to pa# $75 or $100 
for a machine of sWulle use. 
Cortland, Ill. S. W. Arnold. 
Remarks. —Wc think many New York farmers 
will take issue with our Western friend as to the 
value of the grain drill. 
That Cheap Hay Rack is just the thing. I 
have used one many years. I take four pieces 
of of 2 and 4 scantling, 7 feet long, and lay across 
the box, putting wooden pins in the under Bide 
t® keep them from slipping. I put a fence hoard 
city, feed as follows: At 0 A. M.. four quarts of surface to remain moist, with any add twenty- 
oats, then long hay is offered; st noon, eight four hours. Muriatic add will do the work in 
Now these are facGrofc far as I have been able quarts of outs; at night, a scoof shovel full of five minutes, and should be either washed off’, 
cut feed, consisting of chaffed lay aud straw, 
intermingled with wheat shorts a:id meal. 1'he 
night feed is always the heaviest. They use 200 
pounds a day for forty horses, aud only about a 
tun of hay a month. They like oats ground 
with corn, hut, think clear corn too hearty Rye 
makes a horse weak and stumble. Eye straw is 
the beat of straws for feed, hut all horses do not 
love it. The horses arc fed regularly, a little 
food this way being considered better than a 
large quantity at random. Water is given three 
times a day, the two last times with a pail in 
the stall. Wheat shorts alone are medicinal, 
Or cleansed by running through the soil without 
delay.” 
C’OTUtFOR Bee Stings.— Dr. Bush, Chester Co., 
Pa., says that oue drop of strong spirits of harts¬ 
horn will in an instant remove tbe pain caused 
by tbe sting of a bee, wasp, or hornet. It should 
he at hand in every family where there arc chil¬ 
dren. Smiles of gratitude shining through the 
tears of distress will often repay the thoughtful 
mind that provides and the quick hand that 
applies the remedy. He recommends tho same 
article also for the removing of grease spots. 
d jw, lb.—through the season much above the average 
e of private dairies. Whole cost of cheese per lb., 
it boxed aud delivered at the depot, Iwo cents and one 
a mill. Average gross earnings per cow, from $90 to 
t *100. The quality of cheese was firm, solid, mild— 
patrons well pleased and business enlarging. So says 
an article in the Vermont Record, baaed on statements 
made by one of tho proprietors or the factory. Good 
for Vermont I 
~ 
. Cheese Factories in IllinoiS.-TLc groat success 
r of cheese factories in New York and Ohio is very nat- 
> urally resulting In the adoption of the associated sys¬ 
tem of manufacture in other States. For example a' 
Citizen of Lemont, Ill., writes the Prairie Farmer that 
1 a small choose factory was in operation at Blooming 
i dale, last season, and that one 1ms been erected in 
i Lemont. w ith a capacity to make tip the milk from one 
[ thousand cows. This will roraraenco operations tn 
full May 1st. The Farmer also learns from another 
, source that tho factory nt Blomlngdale will, this year, 
make the cheese from five knndred cows. The people -. 
were well pleased with Its working last year. 
--»•♦-«-- 
Poultry Shows. —Though tho "chicken fever” 
does not prevail now-A-days, there are evidences that 
considerable attention 1* being glveu to Poultry—one 
logical, If not cyyr-act, reason for wMch is the price 
of its products. A fine and extensive Poultry Show 
was held nt Worcester, Maas., last month. It is said 
a bettor collection of varieties was probably never 
shown in the Stato. And a “ Grand National Poultry 
Show" Is this week In progress at Barncm's Muse¬ 
um, New York, under tho auspices of Ihe National 
Poultry Society. The programme Includes fowls,pea¬ 
fowls, ducks, geese, swans, fancy pigeons, gold and 
silver pheasants, rabbits, Ac., for the best specimens 
of which over $500 in premiums are offered. 
I -- 
The Spirit of the West 1b the title of a weekly 
journal "devoted to Popular Sports and Amuse¬ 
ments," just started ln Cincinnati, Ohio, by B. G. 
Burrows, at $4 per annum. It is au eight page quar¬ 
to (somewhat loss in size than the Rural,) and makes 
a creditable appearance; hut if, as we infer, it expects 
to successfully rival Wilkes’ Spirit, mere tact and tal¬ 
ent must be brought into requisition than are appa¬ 
rent in the first issue. 
«■»*-- 
Tan Grains and Grasses, sown last ftdl, are said 
by the Mass. Plowman to bc looking exceedingly 
well In all parts of New England, so far as that jour¬ 
nal has beard. It adds:—"A note from M'hately, on 
the Connecticut river, says these crops never looked 
better. We took a turn taat week through Middlesex 
and Worcester counties, and found it so there. The 
spring has so far boon uncommonly early, and the 
work is well begun.” 
-- 
Nnw England Ao. Society.—I t is stated thatC’HAs. 
L. Flint, Esq., has resigned the Secretaryship of this 
Society —probably ou account of other duties and 
positions, among them that of Secretary of the Mass. 
State Board of Agriculture. i 
-- 
Whioh is the Best Grain Drill? — A. G. M., 
Leyden, N. Y., wishes to be advised ns to wMcb of the 
many uiaohimm for drilling in grain is most approved. V> 
Will some of our readers, not inhacstvU In the matwfac- T 
lure or tale of drills, give the desired information, or . ; 
their opinions founded upon experience ? u~ 
-- I 
Bunouhs on Houses’ Feet. — Jus. M., Walworth: 
Without some further aud better description of your jV 
horse’s ail, we cannot venture an opinion. /a 
2rrl 
j 
