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UVEAL 1EW-YOEEEK, 
IfecM, jFdmtftic, h. 
TELE HAEVEST TIME. 
Cheerfully. 
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1. Come Autumn, erowned with ripened grain, And fruits of rich - eat fia vors, With notes of joy wo hail a-gain The 
N I N N s J N I r _ h. i , N I h‘ I J" J S I J* 
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sea - son of 
EATON’S PATENT EXTENSION LADDER. 
Every person having occasion to nse long 
ladders is aware of the difficulty of erecting 
them, and the strength required to take them 
down without injury to the ladder. The above 
engraving shows two extension ladders, one 
closed and the other extended. It is simply two 
ladders, the upper one running on the rounds 
inside the standards of the lower out 1 , and held 
in its position by means of the iron clips and 
rope, as shown tu the engraving. To extend the 
ladder, turn the crank oil the lower ladder until 
elevated to the desired height, where it is re¬ 
tained securely in place by means of a hook. It 
is light, strong, not. liable to get out of order, 
and, can be stored in the wood-house where it 
is at all times ready (in case of lire,) for instant 
use. 
From the testimony of prominent citizens in 
this city, who have them in use, and our own 
knowledge, we have no hesitation in pronounc¬ 
ing this ladder superior to any other with which 
we are acquainted for picking fruit painting 
buildings, and the various purposes requiring the 
use of long ladders. This improvement was 
patented in March last, and is now being Intro¬ 
duced to the public. Further information con¬ 
cerning it may be obtained by addressing A. 
Todi>, Jr., Ontario, Wayne Uo., N. Y., who will 
furnish a circular containing descriptive cut, 
dimensions, Ac., Ac. See Mr. T.’s advertise¬ 
ment in this paper. 
- - 
USES OF ICE. 
In health no one ought to drink ice-water, for 
it has occasioned fatal intkuumatious of the 
stomach and bowels, aud sometimes sudden 
death. The temptat ion to drink it is very great 
in summer; to use it at all with any safety the 
person should t«Uc. but« aintfle *umli«»u- <o.. 
take the glass from the lips lor half a minute, 
and then another swallow, aud so on. It will 
be found that in this way it becomes disagreeable 
after a few mouthfuls. On the other hand, ice 
itself may be taken as freely as possible, not. 
only without injury, but with the most striking 
advantage In dangerous forms of disease. If 
broken in sizes of a pea or bean, aud swallowed 
as freely as practicable, without much chewing 
or crushing between the teeth, It will often bo 
■efficient in checking various kinds of diarrhoea, 
and has cured violent cases of Asiatic cholera. 
A kind of cushion of powdered ice kept to 
the entire scalp, has allayed violent inflamma¬ 
tions of the brain, arrested fearful convulsions 
induced by too much blood there. In croup, 
water, as cold as ice can make It, applied freely 
to the throat, neck, and chest, with a sponge or 
cloth, very often affords an ulmost miraculous 
relief, and if this be followed by drinking co¬ 
piously of the same ice-cold element, the wetted 
parts wiped dry, and the child be w rapped up 
well in the bed clothes, it falls into a delightful 
and life-giving slumber. All Inflammations, 
internal or external, are promptly subdued by 
the application of lee or lee-water, because it. is 
cenverted into steam and rapidly conveys away 
the extra heat, and also diminishes the quantity 
of blood iu the vessels of the part. 
A piece of lee laid on the wrist will often arrest 
violent bleeding of the nose. To drink any ice- 
cold liquid at meals retards digestion, chills the 
body, and has been known to Induce the most 
dangerous internal congestions. Refrigerators 
constructed to have the Ice above, are as philo¬ 
sophical as they are healthful, for the ieo does 
not come in contact with the water or other 
contents, yet keeps them all nearly ice cold. If 
icc is put in milk or on butter, and these are not 
used at the time, they lose their freshness and be¬ 
come sour ami stale, for the essential nature of 
both Is changed w T hen once frozen and then 
thawed.— Hall's Journal of Health. 
■ ■ 11 — 
WHY SHOULD BOOTS BE POLISHED. 
Brightly polished boots are cooler iu warm 
weather and warmer in cold weather than dull 
ami dusty hoots; for in warm weather they re- 
fleet the sun, which dusty and dirty boots ab¬ 
sorb; and iu cold weather the clean boot does 
not allow the warmth of your foot to radiate 
freely, whereas the unclean boot does. Clean, 
bright boots arc consequently more comfort¬ 
able, as w r elL as respectable, both iu warm 
w eather and cold. Not only will different sub¬ 
stances, as iron and wood, give out heat or take 
it in, more or less, but the same substance radi¬ 
ates heat more or loss actively as it is bright or 
‘lull, rough or smooth. Now dirty boots ure 
rough as well as dull. They have a surface, ot 
many little hills and valleys, so that iu truth 
there | 8 more surface for ttie heat to pass 
through either way. As a rough surface Is a 
large surface, more heat from within and with¬ 
out always pusses through dull aud dirty boots 
than polished ones. 
thy fa - 
A: A - 
vors; Our hearts and voi - ce3 strike the chime, The har - vest time, the 
har - vest time, The liar- - vest time, 
i s i J* J-tJ- Jo 
the har - - vest time. 
A JFA Jc- 
ANEWEX ^” E ’ f Ifliws. 
A Prussian”, named Relchen, has invented a _ 
substitute for gunpowder, which bids fair to 
create a revolution as well in the pleasant and HINTS TO BATHERS, 
peaceful pursuit of field sports as in artillery 
pr ctice. Tie Is at present in Quebec, where Las At this warm season > when bathing is so popu- 
been placed at his disposal the laboratory of the * ar ’ ^ observe the following prac- 
arsenal, in order to experiment and to manufac- bints, which we take from the London 
turc the new ammunition. The invention con- ^ lT P €nu y Magazine. 
sists in the substitution for powder of a certain “On first plunging Into cold water there 
kind oi paper, which is not explosive uutil dip- comes a shock which drives the blood to the 
ped in some solution. The new material can, central parts of the system. But immediately 
therefore, be transported without danger. It is a re-action takes place which is assisted by the 
lighter than powder, being only seven-tenths of . exercise of swimming, producing, oven in water 
the weight. Its power is greater, and it is a less of a low temperature, an agreeable warmth, 
perishable article. Experiments made in Que- The stay in the water should never be prolonged 
bee in tho presence of officers, wit h Enfield rifles, boyoud the period of this excitement. If the 
have proved highly satisfactory. With half the water be left while the warmth continues, and 
charge tho ball penetrated deeper than wbeu }th6 body immediately dried, the healthy glow 
propelled with powder, and the gun was scarcely , ovur tbo whole surface will be deLightful. 
fouled at all. In connection with this statement ^ “To remain in the water alter the first re-ac- 
we tiud the following similar one in an English V tion is over, produces a prolonged chilliness, a 
HINTS TO BATHERS. 
At this warm season, when bathing is so popu¬ 
lar, it will be well to observe the following prac¬ 
tical hints, which we take from the London 
Sixpenny Magazine. 
“On first plunging into cold water there 
comes a shock which drives the blood to the 
central parts of the system. But immediately 
a re-action takes place which is assisted by the 
paper: —“A new'gunpowder is said to have ’ishrlnklng of the flesh, aud a contraction of the 
been Invented by a German named Ehrhardt. Akin, by no mentis favorable to health or enjoy- 
It. claims to be three times as explosive, and yet raent; iorlt is only in water thoroughly warmed 
one-half cheaper than that now in use, leaving, by the summer heats, where we may bathe for 
moreover, no residuum. It can also be kept miuiy hours writh imparity. 
safely in magazines. Its two component uarta L v __.u-nlare i-ec€ = 3arv. 
(resin .fnd chlorate potash) being incombustible at I CJLt . rcbc> by 6 Utn aiming into action the 
when .separate. powers of the system, and quickening thecircu- 
*■*”* lati in, Isbetterthan inactivity. Wo should never 
Water-Proof Boot Soles. — If hot tar is go ynto water immediately after a meal, nor while 
applied to boot soles, it will make them water- tin/ process of digestion is going forward. Nor 
proof. Let it be as hot os the leather will bear ehfould we plunge into the water wheu violently 
without injuring it, applying it with a swab, aud heated, or in a state jof profuse perspiration, 
drying it in by the fire. The operation maybe Such imprudences are! often fatal, especially if 
repeated two or three times during the winter, 
if necessary. It makes the surface of the 
leather quite hard, so that it wears longer, as 
well as keeps out the water. Oil or greasy 
softens tho sole, and docs not do much in keep¬ 
ing the water out. It is a good plan to provide 
boots for winter during summer, and prepare 
the soles by tarring, as they will thou become, 
before they are wanted to wear, almost as firm 
the water be unusually cold. If too warm, the 
temperature of the body may be .’educed by 
bathing tho wrists, and wetting the head. 
“ Before meals ratlfcr than after, and espe¬ 
cially before supper, art proper seasons for bath¬ 
ing. The heats of the lay are to be avoided, but 
in hot weather, a bath ii useful to cool the blood, 
aud secure refreshing sleep. If in the middle 
of tho day, a shaded pi Ace should be chosen, or 
as horn, and will wear twice as long as those the head protected frori the sun by being kept 
unprepared. wet, or by wearing a slruv hat, as Is practised 
-*—•- by the fashionable French ladies at their water- 
A Large Telescope.— The University of Chi- iog-places. 
cugo possesses the largest, and it is believed the “ The sea is the best rjluce for swimming, 
finest telescope in the world. Heretofore Har- Owing to the greater ipiciflc gravity of salt 
yard College has held that honor, but the “ Clarke water than fresh, the body h more buoyant in it. 
Telescope” is to the Harvard as 34 to 21—more as are Other substances. A slip coming out of salt 
than oue-lndf larger. Its cost was §11,1S7 for water into fresh, sinks perceptibly in the water, 
tho object glass, aud §7,000 for the tube aud The difference U nearNequd to the weight of 
mounting. The focal length of the telescope is sa lt bedd * u solution, 
twenty-three feet. It is to the honor of America “ The bottom should of hard sand, gravel 
that this fine instrument is the product of Ameri- or smooth stones. Shari stiles and shells cut 
can skill. A meridian circle, the instrument the teut—weeds may entaiigh them. Theswim- 
with which the chief work of an observatory is m L-r must avoid the floating gifts* and quicksand, 
doue, has been ordered. It is tho gift of Mr. The new beginner must be eatsful that the water 
W.S. Gurnee, late of Chicago, now of New York, does not run beyond htt dejth, and that the 
__ current cannot carry lint into a deeper place, 
, , . . also that there be no holes in the bottom. As 
A new boiler for steam engines has been „ ., , ,. 
. , ,, T . . , , ., , persons are ever liable tu tceldcita, cramps, Ac., 
patented by an Irish inventor of tho name of . ... 
L, n . . . . .... , , it is always best that boys or gris should be ac- 
Elson. It consists of a number of cast-iron bot- . , , . . , 
,, . , • , . f . . companled by those who areoHer than them- 
Lles, twelve inches in diameter and six feet in , , A ... . , 
. . . , ...... selves, and #10 will be able to e .ve them in any 
1»» »11 r f it lit AVmiis urwl n.im iwto.l tl tVirtir* 1 ^ J 
unprepared. 
A Large Telescope.— The University of Chi¬ 
cago possesses the largest, and it is believed the 
finest telescope in the world. Heretofore Har¬ 
vard College has held that honor, but the “Clarke 
Telescope” is to the Harvard as 34 to 21—more 
than oue-half larger. Its cost was §11,1S7 for 
tho object glass, aud §7,000 for the tube aud 
mounting. The focal length of tho telescope is 
twenty-three feet. It is to the honor of America 
that this fine instrument is the product of Ameri¬ 
can skill. A meridian circle, the instrument 
with w liich the chief work of an observatory is 
doue, has been ordered. It is tho gift of Mr. 
W. S. Gurnee, late of Chicago, now of New York. 
A new boiler for steam engines has been 
patented by an Irish inventor of tho name of 
Elson. It consists of a number of cast-iron bot¬ 
tles, twelve inches in diameter and six feet in 
length, set in ovens, and connected in their 
steam and water spaces. Forty-two of these 
evolve a power of sixty horses. The advantages 
claimed are the cheapness of construction, dura¬ 
bility aud freedom from tho danger of explosion. 
The inventor is said to have applied his boiler 
with complete success. 
On tub Direction of tub Wind.— Professor 
Heunessy, at tho last meeting of the British As¬ 
sociation, stated, as the result of his observa¬ 
tions with an improved anemometer, that the 
wind rarely blows in a perfectly horizontal 
direction. The deviations from that direction, 
although usually small, are sometimes very re¬ 
markable, aud follow each other in such a way, 
especially during strong breezes, as to indicate a 
species of undalatory motion iu the wind. 
To Curb Piles.— Ira F. Scuddkr writes the 
Rural: “Wild turnips will cure the piles. Pre¬ 
vention Is better than cure. Let. the afflicted 
carry it in their pockets. A very simple thing 
will make a mau sick; why not a simple thing 
cure him ?” 
emergency. 
THE HUMAN EYI 
Tuk language of the eye is ven hard to coun¬ 
terfeit. Yon can read in the eye.- of your com¬ 
panion, while you talk, w hether \ iur argument 
hits him, though his tongue will nt)t confess it. 
There is a look by which a mau shows he is 
going to say a good thing, and a ook when ho 
has said it. Vain and forgotten are all tho fine 
offices of hospitality, if there be no holiday in 
the eye. llow many furtive imitations are 
avowed by the eye, though dissembled by the lips. 
A man comes away from a comp ly; he has 
heard no Important remark, but if in sympathy 
with the society, he is cognizant of such a st ream 
of life as has been flowing to him through the 
eye. There are eyes which give no more admis¬ 
sion into them than blue berries; others aro 
liquid, aud deep welts that men might tall Into; 
and others are oppressive and devouring, and 
take too much notice. There are asking and 
asserting eyes, eyes full of faith —some of good 
and some of sinister omen. 
2. The harvest sun, how bright at noon 
His richest radiance throwing! 
And, Oh 1 how bright the harvest moon, 
As she with joy is glowing, 
And fain with us would strike the chime, 
The harvest time, the harvest time. 
3. Our land is broad, we’ve every clime, 
And all some gift possessing; 
And all enjoy the harvest time. 
That makes each gift a blessing; 
Then let oar hearts and voices chime, 
The harvest time, the harvest time. 
AN INDUSTRIOUS MECHANIC. 
— 
Peter the Great once passed a whole month 
at the forges Of Mailer, during which time, after 
giving due attention to affairs of State, which 
he never neglected, he amused himself with 
seeing and examining everything in the most 
minute manner, and even employed himself in 
learning the business of a blacksmith. He suc¬ 
ceeded so well that one day before he left the 
place he forged eighteen poods of iron and put 
his own particular mark upon each bar. The 
buyers and other noblemen of his suite were em¬ 
ployed in blowing the bellows, stirring the coals, 
aud performing the other duties of a blacksmith’s 
assistant. When Peter had finished, he went 
to the proprietor and praised hi3 manufac¬ 
tory, and asked him how much he gave his 
workmen per pood. 
“Three kopecks, or an altina,” answered 
Muller. 
“Very well, then,” the Czar said, “I have 
earned eighteen altinas.” 
Muller brought eighteen ducats, offered them 
to Peter, and told him that he could not give a 
workingman like his majesty less per pood. 
Peter refused the sum, saying, “keep thy 
ducats; I have not wrought better than any 
—-- «».- - 1 —. j...-M s ive to 
another. I want the money to buy a pair of 
shoes, of which I have great need.” 
At the same time he showed him his shoes, 
which had been once broken, and were again 
full of holes. Peter accepted the eighteen 
altinas, and bought him a pair of shoes, which 
he used to show with much pleasure, saying, 
“ these I earned by the sweat of my brow.” 
One of these bars of iron forged by Peter the 
Great, authenticated by his mark, is still to be 
seen at Istia, in the forge of Muller. Another 
similar bar is preserved in the cabinet of curiosi 
ties in St. Petersburg. 
~ ■ ■ »♦ »- ■ 
A CAPITAL BATH. 
As open window, with the direct rays of the 
sun coming in, will be good for the little one. 
On a hot summer day, to lay it down near the 
window, quite nude, and let it lie for some min¬ 
utes where the rays of the sun may fall upon its 
skin, will give It new life. There is a vital rela¬ 
tion between sunshine and a vigorous human 
being. Seclusion from sunshine Is one of the 
greatest misfortunes of civilized life. The same, 
cause which makes potato - vines white and 
sickly when grown in dark cellars operates to 
produce the pale, sickly girls that arc reared in 
our parlors. Expose either to the direet rays of 
the sun, and they begin to show color, health 
and strength. When Iu London, some years 
ago, I visited an establishment which hud ac¬ 
quired a wide reputation for the cure of those 
diseases in which prostration and nervous de¬ 
rangement were prominent symptoms. I soou 
found the secret of success iu the use made of 
sunshine. The slate roof hud been removed and 
a glass one substituted. The upper story was 
divided into sixteen small rooms, each provided 
with lounges, washing apparatus, etc. The 
patient, on entering each his little apartment, 
removed all his clothing, and exposed himself 
to tho direct rays of the sun. Lying oa the 
lounge aud turning over from time to time, each 
and every part of the body was thus exposed to 
the life-giving rays of the sun. Several Loudon 
physicians candidly confessed to me that many 
eases which seemed only waiting for the shroud 
were galvanized into life and health by this pro¬ 
cess.—Dr. Dio Lewis. 
-■» <■» 
Depth of Coal Beds.— Heath's mine in Vir¬ 
ginia is represented to contain a coal bed of fifty 
feet in thickness. A coal bed near Wikesbarre, 
Pa., is said to be twenty-five feet thick; aud in 
the basin of the Schuylkill are forty alternate 
seams of coal, twenty-five of which are more 
than three feet in thickness. In Novia Scotia is 
a coal formation 1,400 feet deep, and containing 
seventy five alternate layers of coaL The White¬ 
haven coal mine in England has been worked 
under the sea; aud the New C’ustle coal mine, in 
the same country, has been worked to a depth of 
1,500 feet, and bored to a similar depth, without 
finding the bottom of the coal measure. 
WHAT YOUNG PEOPLE OUGHT TO KNOW. 
The best inheritance which parents can give 
their children is the ability to help and take care 
of themselves. This is better than a hundred 
thousand dollars apiece. In any trouble or diffi¬ 
culty, they have two excellent servants in the 
shape of two hand3. Those whocan do nothing, 
and have to be waited on, arc helpless and easily 
disheartened in the misfortunes of life. Those 
who arc active and hardy meet troubles with a 
cheerful lace and easily surmount them. Let 
young people, therefore, learn to do as many 
things as possible. Every boy should know how, 
sooner or later— 
1. To dress himself, black his own boots, cut 
his brother’s hair, wind a watch, sew on a but¬ 
ton, make a bed, and keep the clothes in order. 
3. To harness a horse, grease a wagon, and 
harness a team, 
3. To carve and wait on table. 
4. To milk the cows, shear the Bheep, and dress 
a veal or mutton. 
5. To reckon money and keep accounts cor¬ 
rectly, and according to good book-keeping 
rules. 
0. To write a neat and appropriate, briefly- 
expressed business letter, in a good hand, fold, 
and superscribe it properly,j and write con¬ 
tracts. 
7. To plow, sow grain] and grass, drive a 
mowing machine, build a neat stack and pitch 
hay. 
S. To put up a package, build a fire, mend 
broken tools, whitewash a wall and regulate a 
clock. 
Every girl should know how,— 
1. To sew and knit. 
2. To mend clothes neatly. 
3. To make beds. 
4. To dress her own hair. 
5. To wash the dishes and sweep the carpets. 
8 . To make good bread and perform all plain 
cooking. 
7, To keep her rooms, drawers, and closets in 
order. 
S. To work a sewing machine. 
9. To make good butter and cheese. 
10. To make a dress and children’s clothing. 
11. To keep accounts and calculate interest 
12. To write, fold and superscribe letters prop¬ 
erly. 
13. To nurse the sick efficiently, and not faint 
at the sight or a drop of blood. 
14. To be ready to render efficient aid and com¬ 
fort to those in trouble, and in an unostentatious 
way. 
15. To receive and entertain visitors, in the 
absence or sickness of her mother. 
A young lady who can do all these things well, 
and who is always ready to render aid to the 
afflicted and mitigate the perplexities of those 
around Urr, win 'bring’ more comfort to others 
and happiness to herself, and he more esteemed, 
than if she only knew how to dance, simper, sing, 
and play on the piano.— Home Monthly. 
__ % 
BEWARE OF A PREVALENT VICE. 
Boys, if by a few earnest, heartfelt words you 
may be induced to keep clear of a vice now fear¬ 
fully prevalent in this country, it will be worth 
more to you than a large sum of money. We 
refer to the use of profane language. It is almost 
the only sin that has neither excuse, pleasure 
nor profit. Alike offensive to God and good 
men, it marks a vitiated taste, a want of refine¬ 
ment, and a disregard both of virtue aud the 
feelings of others. Instead of relieving the pas¬ 
sions, as some declare, it only strengthens it by 
giving it expression. If it be urged that it is a 
habit difficult to be broken, this is a confession 
that disregard of right lus become a settled part 
of the character. No boy old enough to know 
the meaning of words, utters his first oath with¬ 
out a shudder; and if by repetition he is able to 
swear without compunction, it is not that the 
sin is less, but because his own sense of right 
has been blunted; the crime aud its penal ties 
are the same. But the habit can bo subdued. 
Scarcely a boyor man will use profanityin the pres¬ 
ence of his mother; then if hewdl hecan restrain 
it at other times. Let every boy respect himseif 
too much to yield to this habit, but rebuke pro¬ 
fanity whenever heard by expressive silence aud 
a good example, if not by words. 
Good Luck.— Some young men talk about 
luck. Good luck is to get up at six o’clock in 
the morning; good luck, if you have only a shil¬ 
ling a week, is to live upon eleven pence and sdve 
.1 penny; good luck is to trouble your head with 
yourownbusiness, and letyour neighbor’s alone; 
good luck is to fulfil the commandments, and to 
do uuto other people as we wish them to do 
unto us. T.hey must not only work, but wait. 
They must plod and persevere. Pence must 
be taken care of, because they are the seeds of 
guineas. To get on in the world, they must 
take cure of home, sweep their own door-ways 
clean, try to help other people, avoid tempta¬ 
tion, ami have faith iu truth and God. 
Advice for Boys.— “You ore made to be 
kiud, generous aud magnanimous, says Horace 
Mann. If there Is a boy in school who has a 
club-foot, dou't let him know you ever saw it. 
If thero is a boy with ragged clothes, don’t talk 
about rags in his hearing. If there is a lame 
hoy,assign him some part of the game which does 
not require much running. If there is a dull 
one, help him to get his lesson.” 
There is no whet to the appetite like grass 
and wild flowers wet with dew and,; taken with 
a fasting eye at five in the moruiug. It was 
Adam's own salad, aud that's why he lived to 
nine hundred and thirty. 
