F 
> 
! blood than the average of the rams of the In- 
1 fantado cross used in the flock—what would be 
, the result 3 We still should have 153-256 1’an- 
lar, 71-256 Jabvis, and 33-256 Infantado blood 
in the get,— or, within a fraction of % Paular 
blood. 
We have described the crosses and the general 
line of breeding in the Rich flock, without citing 
our authority in each particular case — and as 
if on our own personal authority. We have felt 
fully authorized to do so. We have received a 
full history of the flock from its present propri¬ 
etors. We have a bundle of certificates of pedi¬ 
grees furnished by different proprietors of it, 
with sheep 6old by them at different and in some 
cases widely separate periods, each of which 
certificates travels over some portion of the his¬ 
tory of the flock, and thus throws crm-ltfhls 
over.it, which would infallibly lead to the detec¬ 
tion of errors in the present account, if any ex¬ 
isted. And, lastly, we havo been for more than 
twenty years in occasional correspondence, in 
respect to the flock, with persons intimately ac¬ 
quainted with its history. 
In the light of all the preceding facts, the per¬ 
fect propriety of the Rich flock retaining the 
designation of “ Paulars,” or “improved Pau¬ 
lars,” will not be questioned by any person who 
is familiar with the customs of breeders, or of 
the public, in such matters. The name does not, 
in all cases, imply that the animal bearing it is 
a pure blood descendant of the family which 
originally bore that name. Por example, the 
best English writers on sheep, for a time, called 
Mr. Bakeyvell’s Leicester sheep, which he had 
improved with various crosses of other blood, 
1Yew Leicesters ; but as the old family gradually 
disappeared, it became customary, among the 
same class of writers, to style the Improved 
family simply “Leicesters”—and they continue 
to bear that name to this day, though they have 
been generally, and in many cases repeatedly, 
again crossed with other blood, since Mr. Bake- 
well’s death.* The English Cots wolds have 
been almo&t univereally crossed with the Lei¬ 
cesters t and yet who thinks of challenging the 
right of the former to bear their ancient name ? 
Out of the numerous English families of sheep 
which retain their original designations, there 
are very few— certainly not one in five —which 
have not been crossed with other families which 
hear other designations. 
It certainly would be disingenuous, not to 
say fraudulent, to claim au ancient name, with¬ 
out standing ready to avow all crosses made 
with other families—or, in other words, to show 
the facts on which the claim to that name is 
founded. Where this readiness exists'—where 
the preponderance of blood is with the family 
whose name is claimed, and where the proprietors 
of the sheep choose to return the ailment name, it 
5s perfectly fair, proper and in accordance with 
time honored custom, that they should be al¬ 
lowed to do so. 
Before leaving the Rich flock we will add, to 
prevent future misapprehension, that in 1868 
■another cross was taken, by putting a portiqn 
of tbe ewes to Mr. Hammond’s rams Sweeps takes 
and Gold Drop. But the ewe lambs were sold 
to Messrs. Burgess of Rensselaer county, N. Y., 
and none of the ram lambs are used by the 
Messrs. Rich as stock rams. In 1804 the previ¬ 
ous line of breeding was resumed. 
We have uot space, nor do we deem it neces¬ 
sary for the object of the present discussion, to 
follow out in detail the history of several other 
early flocks which were commenced chiefly or 
solely with pure Paular Bbeep, and which still, 
in the hands of their original proprietors or 
their successors, preserve a preponderance of 
that blood. We will briefly allude to a few. 
Erastds Robinson commenced with Paulars 
purchased of Charles Rich, Jr., in 1S36, and he 
“preserved them pure,” as he himself certifies, 
until 1844. He next resorted to the Infantado, 
etc., cross, and by means of his “ Old Robinson 
ram ” originated that low, round, compact, 
short-bodied, well covered, dark colored, com¬ 
paratively small and highly valuable sub-family 
of Paulars, which were sold so extensively thro’ 
our Northern States under the tame of “Rob¬ 
inson Sheep” or “Robinson Merinos.” No 
new family blood was introduced into tbe flock 
culil 1863, when it was done by his son and 
successor, Darwin E. Robinson, by using a ram 
whose grand-dam, in the female line, was a full 
blood Infantado. Down to that date, at least, 
the Robinson flock possessed quite as great a 
proportion ol the original Paular blood as the 
flock of the Messrs. Rich. 
Tyler Stickney also bought a small flock of 
Paulars of Charles Rich, Jr., in 1S36, and we 
think he had a few before that date. He pur¬ 
chased a Jarvis ram in 1835. His cross with 
this stock was, we judge, more fortunate than 
Rich’s subsequent one.j but his flock, like Rob¬ 
inson's, took its distinctive sub-family charac¬ 
ter from a later cross with the “Old Robinson 
rain,” which he used, and finally purchased in 
1853.§ His sheep closely resembled Robinson’s 
and rivalled them In excellence and popularity. 
They had a little more Jarvis blood than the 
preceding families, but retained a decided pre¬ 
ponderance of Paular blood. Mr. S. is still alive 
ami manages his 6heep. 
Judge Wkhjht started with fourteen Paular 
(Rich) ewes, and ten % Paular (Jarvis) ewes ; 
and he bred more towards the Jarvis blood than 
either of the preceding, but otherwise his gen¬ 
eral line of boundary was similar, down to 1850, 
when he ugaiu resorted to a fresh Infantado 
(Atwood) cross. Prosper Elituakf coip 
menced with (Rich) Paulars in 1835, a few of 
them being dasked with Jarvis blood. He 
*They have Keen thus crossed with Cot* wolds 
almost. universally, to increase their hardiness, to five 
them better properties as brooders and nurses, und to 
improve them m tbe biud quarters. 
t To Improve, them in early maturity and fattening 
proper! lee. 
t Htii ksky’s .Turns ram “Consul,” as already 
said, pot •• Forlntii-,” who Bold lor the highest price 
of any ram Of his day. lie also got “Hero of Ver¬ 
mont." (out of a Paular ewe.) which Mr. 8. Bold to A. 
L. Bingham, in 1848, for $300. 
§ tie gave $350 lor the old ram. 
used more Infantado blood in his crosses than 
any of the preceding, but the preponderance of 
blood was Paular down to 1863, when he sold his 
sheep of this stock to his bou, II. P. Elituarp. 
Luicps Robinson and Loyal C. Remelee had 
pure Paulav (Rich) sheep at an early day. Rob¬ 
inson, we think, bred about like Lis brother 
Erastcs; and Remelee took more Jabvts 
crosses. Each retained a few descendants of 
these sheep, having a preponderance of Paular 
Wood, when we visited Vermont two or three 
years since. We have made no subsequent in¬ 
quiries in respect to them. 
A considerable part of S. W. Jewett's large 
flock of Merinos in 1844 were Paulars, partly 
from Rich's and partly from Bedell's old flock.* 
He bred them from that date to his celebrated 
ram “Fortune,” (of % Paular and % Jarvis 
blood other than Paular,) and to rams of his get 
on Paular ewes, down to the 6ale of the flock. 
This would make all the produce at least % 
Paular. Mr, J. sold great numbers of these 
valuable sheep, and there are now many flocks 
which originated from them which have retained 
an equal or not greatly reduced proportion of 
Paular blood by being bred in-and-in, or to Rich, 
Robinson, or Sticknet rams, &e. And numer¬ 
ous later flocks have in like manner been found¬ 
ed on the other flocks above described. 
Though we have contented ourselves with 
brief allusions to the history of the above flocks, 
except that of the Messrs. Rich, (which we have 
described more fully as the fountain head and 
type of all the others,) we wish it understood 
that in regard to most of them our information 
is as reliable, and, where nothing has been said 
to imply the contrary, almost as minute as in 
regard to the Rich flock. We have not assumed 
to pass judgment in respect to their present 
status of blood without what we deemed suffi¬ 
cient proof. 
* Bedelt,. Infected by the mania of the times, bred 
for quality instead of qnantity of wool towards the 
close of his life, and thus his sheep became compara¬ 
tively light fleeced and naked underneath. This is the 
reason why we hear so little of their descendants com¬ 
pared with those of the Rich flock. 
CONDENSED CORRESPONDENCE, ITEMS, 4tc, 
•Samples op Wool — Weights or Fleeces.—D. W. 
Peecey, North Iloosic, N. Y., sends 5 samples. 1. 
Ewe, 3 years, suckled lamb; age of fleece, 1 year; wt. 
II lbs., length 2% Inches, quality and style beautifal, 
yolk pale and moderate in amonnt. The other 4 year¬ 
ling ewes, all well charged with yellow yolk, quality 
and style good, lengths 8, 3.3T4 and 2’,,’ inches. No. 
3, age of fleece Ijr. 27d., weight, 12 lbs. No, 3. age of 
fleece 18 mo, 13d., weight 13 lbs. S ozs. No. 4. age of 
fleece ly. 25d., weight 12 lbs. 6 ozs. No. 5, age of 
fleece ly. lid., weight 11 lbs. 
C. D. Turner, Viola, Wie., samples from 2 year old 
ram and two 3 year old ewes bred by Henry S. Ran¬ 
dall. Ham’s wool 2h inches long, ewes 2’i' ; quality 
and style good; medium quantity of yellow yolk. 
Ham’s fleece 18 lbs. 2 ozs., ewes 11 if, 8)|£ lbs. Tbe 
ewes were uot housed until winter. Ram not housed 
until say middle of fall, and not houseu this spring. 
Both ewes “ shed wool—tbe last named a considerable 
quantity.” 
Daniel C. IIerr, Chili, N. V., sample from 2 year 
old grade Merino ram. Graded doubtless with long 
woo! sheep. Wool Ay, inches long; wt., 15 lbs. brook 
washed, and would cleanse, judging from the Bample, 
8 lbs. or more. Good coarseish delaine wool—and a 
strong proof, as far as one case goes, of the utility of 
such a cross for certain objects. 
Enoch Little, Webster, N. H., also sends wool of 
a grade ram. got by a Hammond ram, dam % At wood 
blood. First fleece 12 lbs. 12 ozs.; 2d, just one year’s 
growth, 17 lbs. 12 oz;. Wool almost 3# inches long, 
medium amonnt of paleish yolk, style and quality as 
good as the average of very heavy fleeced Merino nuns 
—excellent delaine wool. 
D. D. Deuel, South Windham, Vt., back and belly 
samples from his "Tag ram” got by a ram “from Mr. 
Pebcky's flock, Hoosic, N. Y." First nearly 3 inches 
and last 2)s' inches long, heavily charged with yellow 
yolk, quality and style medium, weight of fleece not 
given. 
J. C. Short, Livonia, N. Y., sends us at our request 
four samples of wool taken from the fleece of his ram 
(noticed by us July 8.) which yielded in Ids 3 first fleeces 
the unprecedented aggregate amount of 73 lbs. -1 oza. 
The samples are from 1% to 2.V Inches long, quality 
medium, yolk yellow and (as all would know without 
being told) superabundant— a bout equaling the Messrs. 
Rays’ “big fleeced two year old,” Old Abe, mentioned 
by us June 17th. If one was to step on a piece of the 
fleece of either, in the dark, be would imagine be had 
got his foot into-something sticky! Mr. Short 
sends up 2 samples from a ram teg, got by preceding, 
which yielded 17# lbs., wool about 2.T, inches long, in 
other regards a chip of the old block. Two other ram 
tegs, he writes, yielded 17>f and 1SX lbs. 
H. H. McDonough, VanceviJIe, Washington Co., Pa., 
sends 7 samples. One from a 3 year ram bred by G. 
Campbell. Vt,, growth llmo. 20d„, weight 20 lbs. 3 
ozs. 2 and 3 about a year old When shorn, weights 13 
and 14 lbs. Other 4 from owes, all of which, except 
No. 4, raised lambs; weight 10lbs. 2 ozs., 10 lbs. C ozs, 
10 lbs. 8ozs., it lbs. 12 ozs., growth “not quite Jlmo," 
Either samples 1 and S were not Inclosed in letter, or 
we have mislaid them. The others, except 7, arc of 
good fair style and quality, medium amount of yellow 
yolk, and average about 2)4 inches In length. No. 7 
shorter and of higher quality. 
J. McD. Glenn & Bro., Noblestown, Alleghany Co., 
Pa., sent us a number of samples which, with the let¬ 
ter containing them, are lost. We therefore adopt the 
following description of the same samples from the 
Ohio Farmer; 
“ J. McD. Glenn & Bro. of Noblestown, Alleghany 
Co.. Pa,, sends samples of the wool of eight ewes pnr- 
chased.of Hon, D 8. Randall last year, and added to 
tlieif already fine thick. This wool has iln* high style 
which characU-rizes the flock or Mr. Knndull, who has 
had the range of the whole country Horn which to 
select and enrich »he. blond of tils sheep, and the pur¬ 
chase shows the dt-.termiued purpose of Mei-sr* Glenn 
to huvo j list as goi .il sheep a* are going These fleeces, 
of less ilmn a year’s growth, range from m to 12 lbs, 
in weight, the latter being exceedingly flue and well 
crimped. Three of these ewes havu lambs by Ham¬ 
mond's Sweepstakes, and one by Gold Drop, which 
are trump curds in the handset Slu-.-o, Glenn. The 
ewes were two years nld the past spring, ate tarhion- 
ably built, and of course well bred. We have also 
samples ol tin- fleece ot the rams Crape Dcflance. 3 yrs. 
old. und Gold Drop. 2year-! old, the piopercy or Mi,wire 
Glenn, the former weighing 20 lbs fleece to 110 Ihs. of 
carcass, and the hitler 18 Ihs. to J01 lbs. carcass; both 
ehovrlug good style and great density. Messrs. Glenn 
may be said to be lait ly iuuucbed In the royal line ol 
wool growing. ’ 
Gen. Harris “lays it on” our sheep “rather steep,” 
but then the General carries round a large heart as 
well as head, and feels a natural partiality for brethren ’ 
of the editorial persuasion ? 
A. Henderson, Beloit, Rock Co., Wie., sends us (i 
samples, all from rams. No. 1, 3 yr. old, age of fleece 
18mo., wt. 15 lbs,, wt, of carcass 12(1 lbs : 2, teg 14oio , 
fleeco!3 lbs.: 3, teg lfimo., fleece 11)*.' lbs.: 4, teg 14 
mo., fleece 11K lbs,: 5, teg llmo.. fleeee 12)* lbs.; (i, 
2 yr. old, age of fleece 13mo„ wt. 11 lbs. Nos. 1, 8, 4 
and 5 of good fair style and quality. No, 2 not so 
good, and 6 inferior. All have medium amonnt of 
yellow yolk with considerable black end. The wool, 
even of tbe two older rams, ends too much in points; 
and Nos. 2 and 5 are short for teg wool, the longest 
fibers but little exceeding 2j£ inches. Mr. H. sheared 
Sli2 sheep this year, all washed but preceding six, and 
he obtained 2,421 lbs. of wool. 
Report of the Committee on Scoured Fleeces. 
—A leading member of the Ohio State Board of Agri- 
Sulture thus writes as in regard to the Report of the 
Committee of the N. Y. Sheep Breeders’ and Wool 
Growers'Associatieu on scoured fleeces:—“The Re¬ 
port of vonr Committee on the Moore Premium is 
indeed a valuable one. The results of that trial alone 
would amply repay all tue trouble and expense of the 
entire exhibition. The 1 Report’ clearly beara the 
imprint of Messrs. Geddef and Sweet. The latter is 
unequalled as a compiler of statistics. His ’Table’ 
seems perfection itself. Your Society may indeed feci 
proud of the manner in which the Committee dis¬ 
charged this important trust,” 
About Sheep Labels.— S. G. Decbow, New Way, 
Licking Co.. O., strongly combats the opinion put 
forth by Mr. Dana that trass labels will corrode and 
thns become poisonous to the ears of sheep, He cites 
several examples to the contrary which have come 
under his observation: and he. calls for proof. He 
says that Mr. Wyeth has made an important improve¬ 
ment In his (braes) labels, by putting the numbers 
on both sides so they can be seen from the front as 
well as the rear of the sheep. The numbers are large 
enough to be seen readily at. the distance of eight or 
ten feet. _ 
Questions to us vs other Papers.—” O. S. P. N.” 
is Informed that we cannot., under ordinary- circum¬ 
stances, undertake to antwer questions pnt to os by 
correspondents in other journals, and the assumption 
in the case he points out, hat our failure to do so im¬ 
plied a confession of Inability to defend a frequently 
expressed opinion, is simply a harmless display of 
braggardism on the part of some very Hilly person, or 
one totally unacquainted with the prevailing custom 
of journalists in such matters. 
tCommuntcntions, (Etc. 
FARM NOTES. 
WAK ON TH3 CANADA THISTLES. 
“ I tell you, John, we must declare war, and 
pitch into them.” 
“Pitch into what, father?” 
“Into these thistles. See how thick they are 
in that crop of oats, and along that wall, there 
is a perfect hedge of them. They Beem to have 
grown very vigorous,all over the country this 
vpo* t think tbev oip |ooi.»«ciog it. 
pasture. Oats are io lit-* that they go to seed 
in them before they caj^i^cnt, and it makes me 
nervous to see the white blossoms flying all over 
the country, though there is this consolation 
that not one in ten thousand ever grows. Still 
yon will find in the new clearing there will be 
Canada thistles, and they , of course, come from 
the seed. It will take a good deal more time to 
secure these oats than it would if the prickers 
were out of them. It costs money to harbor these 
pests, and we might as well spend the money 
getting rid of them, besides it would save much 
fretting. We must declare war against them.” 
“Weil, father, you shall be Major-General 
Commanding in this Department, to issne your 
orders, and we are ready to obey. Will you 
have them cut when the stem is hollow so that 
the water will kill them? Or will you summer 
fallow and plow six times, or salt them, or cut 
’em off lour times in a season with a sharp 
spade ? I’ve seen men that contend that any ol 
these ways is a sure thing, but I notice that the 
thistles stick by them yet, and I guess they'll 
stick by us unless a proclamation kill’s ’em.” 
The trouble with John, who carried on the 
farm, was, that he planned only for the ordinary 
farm work —the getting in of crops, and secur¬ 
ing them, &c. So his work was usually kept 
well up, but he had no time or help for extra 
jobs. It aiiy thing unlooked for came up It 
threw him behind with bis regular work. His 
calculation was for the present, and did not 
comprehend in what condition, under such 
management, the farm would be in years hence, 
contrasted with the state it ought to be in. But 
tbe old gentleman, who took his exercise in 
rambling about the premises, and his resting 
spells cogitating on a fence under a shade tree, 
saw the mistake, and its ultimate consequences, 
and from his lODg experience in farming evolved 
a plan for getting rid of the weed that had in¬ 
sidiously and rapidly gained a foothold on his 
laud. 
“Ah, John, we won’t trust to any one of these 
methods, for though all of them have killed 
thistles in separate instances, yet no one of them 
will exterminate them from a farm I have taken 
time (as such time is riways well speut,)and 
planned, and our campaign shall be this: 
“We will cut the thistles down to the ground 
on the whole farm right away. The field that 
we plant with corn next year must he kept per¬ 
fectly clean. If the thirties grow iti It after we 
get, through cultivating tare will go oyer the Held 
and pull them up with tfings, such as Fat says 
they have in Ireland. I will have several pair 
made. Wc will go through the grain before it 
heads out and pull out every thistle. The 
meadows we will cut eattiy, and on the pastures 
we will try- the frequent cutting below the sod, 
and the salting. I estimate our expenses for 
this additional labor at one hundred dollars per 
year while the war lasts.’ 
John promised to raise the black flag and 
commence the campaign. As he is great on ex¬ 
ecution 1 expect to hear of the enemy's being 
exterminated in three years — except, it may be, 
a few skulking guerrillas. Chiel. 
HAY-LOADER. 
I have many times thought that if farmers 
would publish the facts of their experience iu 
the use of agricultural machinery, those facts 
would form a very valuable fund of informa- 
lion. Of course, the record should be pure on 
the part of its authors. If a writer is interested 
in the sale of a machine, that fact should also 
appear. 
Our young people have for years owned a 
mower, a horse-rake, and a horse-pitchfork. 
They have this year added a hay-loader to the 
list, of their haying implements. The hay-loader 
Ss a machine easily attached to, or detached from 
the hay wagon in the meadow; and consists of 
a skeleton drum, or cylinder, revolving on an 
axle borne on two wheels, and armed with 
hooked teeth, which pick up the hay from win- 
row or swath, and, by means of an elevator or 
straw carrier, pours the hay in a continuous 
stream on to the wagon as fast as two active 
men can receive it. The elevator can be readily 
raised or depressed by a man on the load. One 
person drives the horses at a slow walk. Two 
men and boys can receive and take care of the 
bay. All three have foil employ at the barn 
with the horse-fork. 
I was invited to witness the performance of 
the Loader in a clover meadow adjoining the 
barn. The hay was in small winrows, which 
were speedily rolled on to the wagon by the 
loader, and the hay deposited In the barn at the 
rate of a two-horee load per half honr. After 
which the field was horse-raked and all leavings 
gathered up. At the second trial witnessed by 
me I was an assistant. A man, a boy 16 years 
old, and myself, aged 60, constituted our force 
for hauling bay. Not one of us was more than 
half a hand for the old practice. The hay was 
in a lowland meadow, distant half a mile from 
the barn, and was in the swath just as the mower 
left it, only dry. At ten o’clock A. M. we ap¬ 
plied the wagon, with loader attached, to the 
swaths, without using the rake, aud before sun¬ 
down that evening we had seven large loads 
stored in the bairn over the high beam. A horse 
was kept at the barn-door in readiness for the 
power fork. After picking up the swaths with 
the loader for 16 load6 of hay, the horse-rake 
was applied, and gathered up less than half a 
load as the leavings of the loader. 
I computed the time spent, in mowing, gath¬ 
ering and storing this hay, aud very nearly three 
loads per hand, per day, was the result. Thus 
the machinery used enabled three light hands to 
accomplish, with comparative ease, very large, 
days’ work, at a time when help was very scarce 
and dear, and not to be had by many seeking for 
it at even 12.50 per day. Peter Hathaway. 
Milan, Erie Co., Ohio, 1865, 
£*uvat (finvit of tfw 
Young Stock. 
Calves and lambs, well treated, will make 
better cows and sheep than if neglected and 
allowed to shirk for themselves. Wo know 
that sheep improve a good deal both iu wool and 
mutton ou good keeping. The same is especial¬ 
ly the case with calves. What you want is not 
to fatten, but to keep op a strong, healthy 
growth. At this season, good, tender grass and 
u little milk, no matter if it is not all sweet., and 
a little oat meal mixed in, will pay for itself in 
the thrifty growth which it. will induce. A little 
extra care at this period of growth, Is sure to be 
rewarded at a later age. The treatment of calves 
which we have olteu seen, such as turning them 
out to grass before they are old enough, and re¬ 
quiring them to eat what they know little about, 
or die, is cruel aud wasteful in the extreme. 
There is no economy in neglecting young stock. 
They may live through it, but nature will de¬ 
maud her reckoning. 
The same may be said of colts. Sweet, pure 
pasture grass is the best, but if this is short, a 
litt le out meal i& excellent for them. Oats make 
muscle rapidly, and this gives strength and 
power, and growth, and this is what all young 
stock needs to thrive upon. It is a great 
mistake to keep any stock short of feed, but 
especially youug growing stock.— Htmghman, 
Farming in California. 
The San Jose Mercury gives the following 
account of a three thousand acre farm at that 
place, which is worked by a Professor Gates; 
‘ One would suppose that the Professor would 
have his hands full to carry on a Brat-class edu¬ 
cational institution, with nearly 200 students, 
and a three hundred-acre farm at one und the 
same time; but with competent assistants, and 
his business thoroughly systematized, lie mana¬ 
ges the whole with the regularity of clock-work. 
He has on his ranch 2,500 acres of grain, besides 
several acres of hay. Some of his earlter sown 
grain stands now at least three and one-half feet 
high, and is as rank and thick as it can grow. 
One lield of a thousand acres would astonish tbe 
optics of any New England farmer. He esti¬ 
mates that his entire yield will not. full far short 
of 40,000 sacks of 100 pounds each. To prepare 
this immense tract for seeding required the 
services of about 35 men and 80 horses aud mules 
for three months. It will require sixty men to 
do the harvesting. The work Is all done with 
the most improved machinery. For instance, 
there are on the ranch no less tkau nine gang- 
plows, twenly-flvo wagons, throe headers, five 
mowers und reapers, one splendid steam thresh¬ 
er, and other farming Implements without 
number. To form some Idea of the expense 
attending the securing of this immense crop, 
we need only mention that the sacks alone will 
cost about $20,000. We believe it is the largest 
tract in the State tilled by one man." 
Glycerine is the best article for curing cracks 
in cows’ teats. It is healing und cooiiDg, and 
should be applied twice a day after milking. 
Rural Notes aitii Stems. 
Crops and Harvest at the West.— The unfavor¬ 
able weather at the West, in July, retarded the har¬ 
vest and injured the crops in some regions, which 
created alnrm and caused excitement, speculation and 
an advance in prices in the Chicago and other markets. 
The fears which prevailed have not been realized, 
however, and late reports are favorable—quite differ¬ 
ent rrom those wc received two weekB ago. The 
Chicago Republican of tho 3d pays the weather is 
“propitious for the haivest —golden with sunshine 
and warm,” and adds:—“There can hardly be any 
question now, bn t what the wheat crops will he secured 
in good condition. The recent heavy rains unques¬ 
tionably caused a good deal of damage to the crops in 
Indiana, Ohio, and Kentucky, and also In some parts 
of Missouri, bnt whatever this damage may have been, 
wc feel confident it will be more than made up by the 
splendid crop prospects In northern Illinois, northern 
Iowa, Wisconsin, Michigan and Minnesota. Specula¬ 
tors trill now have to resort to some now sensation to 
advance their interest." 
- 
Fair of the Amerioan Institute.— The next An 
nual Fair of the American Institute, New York, will 
open 8ept. 12, and hold until Oct. 16. The exhibition 
will consist of machinery, new inventions, manufac¬ 
tures, and agricultural and horticultural products, aud 
will be held at the spacious armory on Fourteenth St., 
where was held the great New York Sanitary Fair. 
F.xhlbitors’machinery will be provided with steam- 
power and other advantages will be offered to exhib¬ 
itors in the different departments, on a most liberal 
scale. The premiums consist of gold, silver and 
brouze medals und diplomas. There is every indica¬ 
tion that the Fair will be tho largest and finest in the 
history of the Institute. Articles intended for Exhi¬ 
bition may he sent, freight prepaid, to “John W. 
Chav hers, armory of the. 22d regiment. Fourteenth 
street, New York,” and they will be returned to their 
owners, freight Tree. 
--v.- 
Indiana State Fair.—W e are indebtod to Hon. 
I. D. G. Nelson fora copy of the Premium List, Itulcs, 
Regulation 11 , Ac., of the Thirteenth Annual Fair of the 
Indiana Btato Agricultural Society, to he hold in the 
city of Fort Wayne, Oct. 2d to 7th inejusive. The 
premiums ere liberal, and the regulations and instruc¬ 
tions to judges sensible aud judicious. All Rural 
Hoosierdom ought to he represented at the Fair, and 
as Fort Wayne is one of the most important and inter¬ 
esting historical points in the State, many strangers 
will no donbt be there to see it and the flue exhibition 
anticipated, 
— The Indiana Horticultural Society, a live and 
progressive Institution, is to hold a special meeting 
for pnrpoees of exhibition and consultation, at Fort 
Wayne, during the week of the State Fair. Mr. Presi¬ 
dent Nelson has favored us with tickets, and a cordial 
invitation, and we shall endeavor lo have the RunAL 
New-Yolker represented on the occasion. 
Proper Time to Cut Locusts, &c.—A correspond¬ 
ent inquires wbat is the proper period for cutting the 
locust , to prevent them from sprouting t As a general 
rule the true time for cutting sprouts, shrubbery and 
trees, is at so late a period in summer that there is not 
iiuiinj muugii mn io resume the mld-snmmer grow in, 
or ttgUlti oia* t ujc uoiumm uuti--’, o.uv* jcl cu curly tiJ&t 
the hot sun will dry and destroy the life of the stubs. 
About the Inst ten da.vs of August has been consid¬ 
ered as the best time. 
There are many trees, bashes, &c,, Of pestiferous 
growth that annoy the farmer that are not destroyed 
by this process —such as elders, briars, allanthus, 
silver-leaved poplars, Ac.—which nothing short of 
constant and early destruction of the leaves or lungs 
of the plant can overcome, hut which, if thoroughly 
followed, is effected. 
Public Sale of Short-Horns. — Breeders and 
others are reminded that Hon. T. C. Peters is to offer 
hts valuable herd of Short-Horns at public sale at his 
residence In Darien ou the 16th inst.—Wednesday 
next. It will be observed by reference to the adver¬ 
tisement that there will be no postponement on ac¬ 
count of the weather We havo heretofore spoken of 
the character and value of Mr. P.’s herd. Breeders 
and farmers of Western New York wishing to pur¬ 
chase can probably do so on better terms, and certain¬ 
ly more conveniently, at this than other sales. 
Another International Exhibition.— It is said 
that Altontt, (a city of Schleswig-Holstein,) near Ham¬ 
burg, busisssued a very attractive programme fora 
grand Industrial and Agricultural Exhibition, to take 
place in June, 1866, and that an agent has been went 
to this country to induce a display of American ma¬ 
chines, manufactures, animals, etc, Mr. Marsh, 
American Consul at Altona, lends his aid and influ¬ 
ence to promote the object. Particulars will he fur¬ 
nished by Achtin, Baldwin & Co., 72 Broadway, N. Y. 
How to Kill Quack Grass.— In your issue of July 
2i)th, “ Ciiikl” asks If there te any way to kill quack 
grass, I have succeeded in exterminating it in my 
garden, where it was tho principal crop when I pur¬ 
chased the place, by spading deep, aBd carfnlly raking 
out the roots, which 1 took to the river and drowned. 
Two years with this Process has done the work effect¬ 
ually.- Gardk.vkr, Dtposit, N. Y. 
Tim Wool Market.— Onr reports in regard to the 
price of Wool are quite encouraging for wool growers. 
The rates have advanced both East and West of late, 
and there seems no occasion for holders to be anxious 
to soil. Sec the remarks of the U. S. Economist in 
our Market Reports. 
State and County Fairs, -Secretaries of the vari¬ 
ous Agricultural and Horticultural Societies in tbe 
Loyal States, Canada, Ac., will please notify ns of the 
times and places of holding their annual exhibitions 
for 1865, iu order that we may perfect onr list lor pub¬ 
lication. 
••"Machine Wanted to make Ditches for Tile.— 
Will you he kind enough to tutorm mu whether there 
is any machine Invented for making ditches for tile? 
b so, where can information about them be oM.iiuoJ ? 
Do you know any such machine that is a success? An 
early reply will much oblige— M. W. Montgomery, 
College Corner, Jay Co., Ind. 
Various machines havo been invented for the pur¬ 
pose above staled, bnt ns to their comparative value, 
and continued succcbb In operation, wo are not at, pres¬ 
ent advised. Some Rural reader who is posted on 
the subject will please respond to the inquiry. 
/ « 4 » — J 
Corn Cradlk Wanted, — Can yon inform me, ( 
through the Rural, where I can obtain a corn cradle, 
aud what is the price?— P. H,, W'UlUinteJidd, Ohio. 
We are unable to nnswer. Havo heard of such an 
article, but never suw one, They are not UBod in this '■ 
region, and our implement men can give us no inlor- | 
no Information on the subject. ( 
r 
AAAI A 
