many suppose, the dews haye a had influence on 
er&ge, but all the better for being strong for all 
the purposes for which' wine ought to be used. 
It is easily reduced with water at the time of 
using. 
Two tablespoonsfull of currants with sugar 
added—mashed up—and the tumbler tilled with 
cold water, makes a better drink than lemonade. 
The black currants may be dried in the man¬ 
ner described above. They lose the rank flavor 
in drying, so disagreeable to some, and are a 
good substitute lor raisins. Wine from the 
black cnrraDts is tins spoken of by a medical 
writer:—" Wine of black currants has all the 
good qualities of port without any of its heating 
or constipating effects. In cases of great debili¬ 
ty and exhaustion, after protracted fevers, this 
wine proves grateful to the palate and friendly 
to the stomach. Its use has been attended with 
remarkable success in the early stages of cholera 
and dysentery, and also in the later stages of 
these diseases. It has been strikingly remedial 
in the low stages of Typhoid and Bilious fevers, 
and excellent in sore throat" 
The above recipe is good for making wine of 
black currants, but a little water must be added 
or It will be jelly. Two pounds of sugar to a 
gallon of juice makes very good wine of this 
currant. 
It is good economy in making wine to let the 
expressed juice stand in an open vessel a day or 
two, so that the scum may rise and be skimmed 
off before adding the sugar. 
S. W. Arnold. 
little box of mignonette in bloom, in the center, 
with beans trained to sticks at the ends. A 
two-year old oak, grown from an acorn in a 
bottle, was the pride of one woman, while 
another, with a very humble display, said she 
had been trying to interest her husband in her 
window garden, with the hope that it might 
draw him away from the public house.— Ex. 
the health of the grape, this trellis would like¬ 
wise be a protection, as they could hardly settle 
on the ground from which probably the damage, 
if there be any, arises. It is a noteworthy fact 
that vines on trellises near a building, or that 
overrun a roof, or climb trees, places where 
but little dew falls, are commoDly thrifty and 
the fruit healthy. 
Z H M M ) uwnJTTLE BLACK-CAP 
. T. ..OUTijft 1CK, Datisvillij. Livi ngston Co , N. V. 
II EDGE SB 3 
Mn 9 ca® b°o R x A «^ 
All dews are not hurtful, but 
sometimes noxious gasses, or etberealized sub¬ 
stances, floating in the air may be fixed and con¬ 
centrated in the dew, and delivered to the roots 
and porss ofplants. 
Another advantage of this trellis would be in 
the better distribution of the fruit. One bunch 
would not hang on another, or be smothered 
and covered by leaves around it. Each buuch 
would hang down free and separate, shaded from 
the sun but free to the air. Thinning the fruit, 
which is very essential to our American vines, 
although the mass of cultivators do not seem to 
have learnt it yet, could be very easily done 
where all the fruit hung in plain sight. The 
rule would be, let no bunches touch each other. 
The ground would be shaded from the hot 
summer’s sun. This is important. Nature in¬ 
variably endeavors to protect the 6oil from the 
direct sunshine. She rears up the shade of the 
lofty forest, and spreads the soft mantle of the 
green grass. Nowhere does she uncover the 
soil. The solitary tree shades the space with its 
branches, through which its roots extend. Our 
orchards are cropped until they grow to shade 
the ground, and then the grass forms a mulch. 
Our corn and cereals shade the ground from the 
beginning. But the vine-grower plows and 
hoes, and cultivates his soil through all the 
summer sun, where but little 6bade falls on 
ground through which runs a network of vital, 
fibrous roots. Should we wonder that the care¬ 
less vineyardist, who lets the weeds overruu and 
mulch the ground, gathers sometimes the richest 
reward ? Who can tell the vitality sapped-the 
disease engendered in the delicate fibrous roots 
that are near the surface, by scorching heat- 
sudden changes of temperature—that attend this 
constant exposure of the soil? Surely the 
cheapest, most effectual, least-in-the-way mulch¬ 
ing we can put on the vineyards, is shade. 
We have argued in this article for a system of 
trellising which is seldom if ever adopted in 
vineyards in this country. Single vines are 
sometimes managed in this way, and so far as 
we have observed with great success. Why not 
whole vineyards, likewise ? 
The Prairie Farmer says:—Most people let 
apples and pears become too ripe before they 
gather them. They want to see them fully ripe 
—ready to fall off the tree—before they pick 
them. This is wrong. If picked a few days 
before maturity they will keep longer, color 
more highly, and command a higher price in 
market. The precise time to pick is rather 
difficult to determine. The best criterion is to 
raise the fruit up and bend the stem over, and if 
the stem parts from the shoot without breaking, 
the fruit is ready to pick — whether apples or 
pears. Pears should be picked proportionally 
earlier than apples. The quality of the fruit is 
also improved by early gathering. After being 
picked, it should be put in tight boxes or barrels, 
and kept a few days in the dark, if of summer 
or tall varieties. Here they undergo a sweating 
process, and when the barrel is opened, the 
fruit will be found of the brightest crimson and 
richest golden colors. Half of the secret of 
success in orcharding, is in knowing how and 
when to pick fruit, and how to get it to market 
so as to command the highest price and readiest 
sales. Every one’s experience mnst govern 
him, and the more he studies this matter, the 
more expert he will become. We are anxious 
all our readers should think while they work— 
that the mind should be exercised as Well as the 
muscle in farm operations; and particularly 
should this be the case In fruit growing, where 
skill of the highest order will always be suitably 
rewarded. 
M •VrA'^V rauLiFlc GKAPKvivfm- 
~rstock 01 old wood layers, and odp vear old 
Villi tunings : all from f?Sft-bearing 
__ 0- L. HO Af> <Ss CO., Lockport, N. Y. 
address HAMMuA^ ^v^ox . n’I r^’ 
paid, and secir P 4y packed on recent 
who'lesaio rates. Tbe Jar 
»TA and three times as strong w rfe S 
wishing a sample, by fbnrardlne fl'SK 
amount It, ylnes. A. vsVr. l r£ 
CULTIVATING CHESTNUTS 
We notice in an Ohio journal, a communica¬ 
tion from Dr. Kirtland, in relation to the culti¬ 
vation of chestnuts. He raised in his garden, 
from seed, the French, Spanish, and Italian 
chestnuts, some twenty years ago, which he 
transplanted, and which, when ten years old, 
commenced bearing crops. He thinks they will 
pay well to cultivate, and also recommends the 
shelbark hickory nut for cultivation. He says 
the three kinds of chestnuts named are about 
equal in quality. Is he sure of this ? We find 
that the French is superior to either the 8panish 
or Italian, and we believe this to be the general 
opinion. But neither of them equal in quality 
our own native, though twice or three times as 
large. We have fruited neither, having only 
the French variety growing. 
While on the subject wo desire to add, that 
we have often been surprised that fanners gen¬ 
erally did not give some attention to the grow¬ 
ing of chestnuts and English walnuts. On 
almost every farm is a plot of ground that is 
useless for farming purposes. Chestnuts will 
grow almost anywhere, however poor and stony 
the land. No doubt the Fref eh variety Is more 
profitable, from being more marketable than 
our own. These can be raised either from the 
plant, or our native varieties can be grafted with 
them. They grow as readily from the graft as 
apple or pear. Even forborne use, a tree or two 
of the French is very desirable. Plant them out, 
protect them from cattie, and let them alone; 
and in course of time the fruit will come in 
abundance. 
But we desire to say a word for the English 
walnut. We consider this fruit as more profit¬ 
able to cultivate than the chestnut. The tree 
grows readily, affords good shade, and will com¬ 
mence to produce regular crops of fruit in ten 
years, and will add to the quantity each year as 
the tree Increases in size. The fruit is much 
sought after in its green state for pickling; and 
in its ripe state It is better than those imported 
from England. Its quality every one relishes. 
The price it commands at tbe fruiterers will 
always doubly repay trouble (end expense at¬ 
tending the gathering and marketing. We be¬ 
lieve tbe Enlish walnut, as well as the chestnut 
named, can be obtained at the nurseries adver¬ 
tised in this paper.— Gertnantoum Telegraph. 
0vtUultttvalgoU$ atm 
A New Seedling Grape. — Mr. J. Keech, of 
Waterloo, N. Y,, sends us a bunch of a new seedling 
grape which he has named '‘Waterloo Beauty.’’ He 
Informs tis that it originated in Waterloo. The vine 
is three years old, and bore last year some twenty 
clusters, ripe 15th of August. The vine he says is 
trained on the east side of a dwelling and has not been 
taken down In the winter. Mr. K. claims it to be ten 
days earlier than any other hardy grape in cultivation 
in this country. 
The bunch sent ns is small, containing fourteen 
berries, round, black, abontthe size of fair Concords, 
adhering well to the stock. Pulp exceeding tough 
and acid, with a strong “foxy" perfume. We pre¬ 
sume the quality would have been much improved by 
hanging ten days longer on the vine —for though 
black it is far from being ripe. We hope Mr. Keech 
wifi bring his new grape before the Fruit Growers in 
meeting assembled. 
ANOTHEB APPLE THEE WOBM, 
** *B l IT?* -A . icuHnrlt,: .-uid other Straw- 
BTBBGBBE^ i . 8 ORN.AM^TAL TREES. 
the new'harpy tir^ES. 1 aud c 3 ffc”»trong?w^l-S^wn 
pWuit8 ot iOJk&,AdLroiniiac Afiil IsnielJa, by the 100 or 1000 
n»Mfc Also.Diana.Concord DeiiwareRohecea’ 
Allen s Hybrid, HMilord Prolific, Rogers 1 ' H’.hrids’ 
Crevelln s, and nearly all the valuable kinds AW> » 
^ 91 P e ^‘V Wlire Anf * f Ayers, manv* of them 
with o icet of bearing wykkL A'idjo-* wi*h Ht-unn tor 
Price List. BRof&N . GP. VVKs i sKLOVK^’ 
814-10C Washington St., Xursiriti, Geneva, V. Y. 
JMPOETAtfT TO OIDEE-MAEEfiS. 
THE JERSEY 
POWER APPLE GRINDER, 
l BUTTER'WORTH’S PATENT.) 
Attention is callc-d to the superior merit of this new 
valuable invention for grinding apples, peaches and 
Other kinds cl fruit. it possesses great advantages over 
the common vroodnr. milt, riving: an increase of from ten 
to thirty pur cent, in the yield oi elder, and is warranted 
to tie as represented In every particular, 
This machine hfl.< an rors cyleaiicT- containing steel- 
grater tolvee. a birh are adjusted and secured m .heir 
Ph**** oj means ot wt-serews so tliat when they need 
sharpening they can be Liken out an,l reset iutii-emln- 
uiea time. It has also a sectional iron concave held in 
position by Independent steel sprints adjoBtihle t . anv 
desired pressure, and the whole arrangement 1; . so eo n 
bmvsl that the machine cannot he injured by the stonS. 
M JtU atl Ordinary two-Uor»e power tills machine will 
grind line and uniform, one h and reel biislfeU an.l Up¬ 
ward*, o: apple* per hoar, needs vary lirrle Lf anv r f£ airs 
and by the superior manner in which tt does its work 
one months Use w u. pay for the mid Mann Lectured and 
lor sale by K. BUTTKP.WOKTH, Trenton \ j 
T A v5?ORmPpA^ T T 0S ’ V^StSheMerilv. 
iv OOKHKES & CO.. Tram&Oiburg, N. Y. ~ 
Fruit Growers’ Society op Western New 
York.— The Autumn Meeting of the Fruit Growers’ 
Society of Western New York will be held at the 
Court House in the City of Rochester, on Thursday 
the 21st day of September. There will be an exhi¬ 
bition of Fruits in-season to which all are invited 
Htbrid Perpetual Roses. — Giant of Battles has 
bloomed twice, and is now budding for the third 
bloom (July 18.) Dr. Arnol has bloomed twice. 8y- 
donic Is budding for second bloom, the first bloom 
having been very profuse. Pius IX. is six feet high 
and growing profusely but has not bloomed nor biTd- 
ded this year.-s. w. a., Cortland, III. 
their depredations I cannot tell. In some eases 
last year they had stripped every leaf from some 
trees and disappeared before I noticed the fact. 
The smaller ones have black heads with yellow 
spots on the back. As they become larger the 
body becomes darker, and the head and those 
spots become bright scarlet. The largest speci¬ 
men inclosed is not half grown. When folly 
grown these spots become very bright and much 
larger than on these. Their excrementitious 
deposits literally blacken the ground. I am 
fearful that they are destined to he a worse 
enemy to the apple tree than any worm or in¬ 
sect that has heretofore appeared in this section 
of country,—they multiply so rapidly and de¬ 
vour so ravenously. 
I am not sufficiently read in Entomology to 
be able to classify this worm or form an opinion 
how dangerous it is. If in your opinion it is 
worthy an article in your valuable paper, I hope 
you will give us the benefit ot your science and 
opinions in the matter, and tell us what we may 
expect from Its future operations—what reme¬ 
dies can be applied, «fce., Ac. Please send me a 
copy of your paper which shall contain the 
notice, if you should notice It. 
Lockiwrt, Aug. 1st, 1805. 8. Cavkrxo. 
In reply to the above, we are glad to say that 
this worm is not known here, so far as we have 
heard, and that we have not the means of ascer¬ 
taining the necessary knowledge. Our corres¬ 
pondent, and others also, will ascertain the 
Pttrninq Vines. —Should grape vines which were 
set this last spring, be trimmed any this fall, or 
rather should more than one branch be permitted 
to grow?— c. d. 
t ine should be trim m ed. Cut back to one or two 
eyes. This may be done in the autnm or early in the 
spring. 
[SU-St 
NOT STEAWBEBBLES ENOUGH. 
|1REES AND PLANTS. 
Gi-eat Inducements Offered, to Dealers and 
Tlrrnters in Trees. 
coming Sprlnr, a Uree stock 
of S..i!>dfti d App.e Trees. 3 to 5 ye*:.* old: a ro*id stock 
ot Wandard and L)w*rf IV** : Standard Mul Dwarf 
Cherries; standard Pima. Pou-u .*nd Orange Quince. 
Also a *p.undid stock of Horse Chestnut*, sad'*MO 000 
Strawberry ar.4 Raspberry Plants. Gooseberry. Currknt 
and other stocks., ib.Cco Grape Vines of the kind 
trom 1 to S years old All for sale aliean for cash. 
Will our kind Editor, or some other 
good friend, tell us if there is any way of killing Plac- 
!Ain/id ntago Major, —without plowing ? We have 
tried mowing, but it seems to grow only the more 
thrifty.— m. 
Cultivation is the only method we are acquainted 
with. 
Wb have been paying from forty to sixty eents 
a quart for strawberries ever since the firet of 
June. Now and then they would slide down to 
thirty or thirty-five cents for a day or two, but 
most mysteriously slide up again. The supply 
in this market is below the demand. As late as 
the d4th of June our niArket-men had the audacity 
to charge us fifty-live cents a quart for strawber¬ 
ries not above the average lu quality, and even 
as late as the 28th, one of our most distinguished 
nurserymen charged us titty cents for the worst 
looking box of strawberries we have eaten this 
year, and that too on the place, not Including 
commissions, profit of middle-men or anything 
of the kind. This berry has become almost a 
necessity for consumption la our city, especially 
in families where there are children. It is one of 
the most healthful of fruits, and comes just at 
the time when the debilitating effects of warm 
weather are felt, and will have them at any rea¬ 
sonable price. For a person not engaged in ac¬ 
tive matiual labor, aud whose appetite is not at 
this season remarkably good, a quart of straw¬ 
berries is worth more than a pound of meat auy 
day, and as a matter of luxury hr is bound to have 
them at any rate if they can bo had. We hope our 
readers who are within reach of this market 
will think of this matter, and get ready, next 
month, to put in the largest kind of a straw¬ 
berry bed. They may be sure it will pay.— 
Mass. Houghman, 
serv. i 
8t2-tf 
To Stew Pbabs. — To every pound of pears 
when pealed put half a pound ot loaf sugar. 
Put the fruit into a stew pan aud cover it 
with cold water, and shut the lid quite close. 
Stew the fruit gently till tender, aud then add a 
few lumps of sugar. After stewing the pears 
two or three hours, put in the cloves — twenty 
cloves to six or eight pounds of fruit — and the 
peal of two lemons. Keep adding the sugar by 
degrees. If the sirup is much wasted add a little 
more hot water. They require stewing about 
two hours very gently. When they are nearly 
done, add the juice of both lemons—it will add to 
their flavor And brighten the sirup. 
done. And it is pleasant to contemplate, iu 
these days, that all the work could be done in 
the shade. If the trellis was high, as it ought 
to be, a team and wagon could be driven under 
It when the grapes were ripe, and the pickers 
could gather the fruit from the wagon. A 
wagon could have a suitable platform built on 
it for the pickers to stand on and move about, 
with room for their baskets, and the same ar¬ 
rangement could be used when the vines were 
trimmed and tied. Of course If the land Is 
steep and not terraced other means would have 
to be used. 
Plenty of air, or rather a free circulation of it 
would be secured to a vineyard by this trellis. 
The wind can no more blow through a vineyard 
trained by stakes, on level or gently rolling 
ground, thau it eau through a corn field, or a 
lorest. With the upright trellis it is worse. We 
could scarcely devise a better barrier to the free 
circulation of the healthful breeze. We rear up 
dense and lofty walls of living green, rank after 
rank, till the summer zephyr is bewildered in 
their mazes, and dies in their midst. Poisonous 
exhalations, arising from the ground, or falling 
like the dew, are entangled by those walls of 
green, aud find leisure to work their deadly mis¬ 
chief The horizontal trellis would offer no 
impediment to the circulation of the air, but iu 
the calmest day, if the sun shone, it would pro¬ 
bably create some movement iu the utmoBphere; 
a mass of shude close to the sunshine alters the 
density of the air and produces motion. If, as 
TriOi.. — l win uxctmnge Nursery 
n VV avae county, for houses and lota 
Address JOEL H. PRESCOTT, New- 
*• 808-St 
To Preserve Tomatoes. —Prof. Mapes says: 
’ It tomatoes are slightly scalded aud skinned, 
and put iuto bottles, and those set in boiliug 
water for a lew minutes, and corked and sealed, 
t tie fruit will keep as locv as desired, and if 
eaten when first opened will liar*the same taste 
as when just picked from the vines." Probably 
u better way is to peel the tomatoes and boil 
slightly so as to expel the air, then put in heat¬ 
ed bottles and eork at once. All depeuds on 
the exclusion of the air. • The more perfectly 
this is done the longer fruit may be preserved. 
WHAT TO DO WITH THE CUEEANTS. 
\ — 
Drt them. Alter separating them from the 
stems, put into a porcelain or tin kettle aud 
cook over a slow fire till the skin opens, then 
spread on plates and dry in the sun or a cool 
oven. The juice may be pnt over them when 
drylug, or made into jelly or wine. 
Make them iuto jolly, it is good and whole¬ 
some, and no more costly than most other pre¬ 
serves. To do this press out the juice —before 
adding the sugar throw away the skins aud seeds. 
Make them into wlue. It is much better every 
way than the villainous mixtures generally sold 
for wine. The clear jnlce and three pounds of 
sugar to the gallon make an excellent wine,— 
too strong for temperauce folks to use as a bev- 
IHCOK’S PATENT PORTABLE 
Keystone Cider aud Wine Mill. 
, fills aJmirAbie Machine is now roislr ter the trust har¬ 
vest el 1SK>, util is ntajo ta the most aerteet manner 
with either one or two tuts, ami Is well worthy the At¬ 
tention or all persons wantiac each a Machine. It has no 
superior lu lUe market, ami is the only mill that will 
properly .-rind grapes. For sale l>y all respectable deal¬ 
ers. I also make two iLu? ot a superior nr—for Ber¬ 
ries, fee-. &c. 11 your merchant does not keep them, tell 
him to send tor one lor you or write for one yourself to 
th o^?«!} uf8Cturer ‘ W. O. H 1 CKOK, 
HorriRhurtr. Pa. 
