MmURE 
AGRICULTURE 
ROCHESTER N. Y.-FOR THE WEEK EIWNCt SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 9, 1865 
the first prize at the Ontario Co. Fair last fall, 
and was one of a pen of five that received the 
highest prize, and also the sweepstakes prize, at 
the N. Y. State Fair in May. She was shorn at 
the latter, and her fleece weighed 14 pounds and 
2 ounces. She is a pure Infautado, and bids fair 
to take rank among the best American Merinos.” 
“ My ram ‘Ontario,’ one year old last spring, 
was also bred by Mr. Joxss. He was got by 
his ram ‘Seville,’ he by Wxr. R. Sanford’s 
‘Comet,’ he by Wright’s ‘California,’ he by 
THE PARAMOUNT IMORTANCE OF AGRI 
CULTTtE. 
active growth. At any other time, he thinks 
the effect would be prejudicial. It is used by 
Sir Joseph liberally on vine borders, melons, 
cucumbers, pines, peaches, and various other 
fruits, with the most powerful and satisfactory 
effects. In fact, the use of plant-food in a liquid 
state, if properly prepared and administered, 
supercedes the necessity for manure in the solid 
form; and the produce in favor of the liquid 
predominates in , a wonderful degree — being 
richer in color, larger in quantity, greater in 
MOORE’S EUEAL NEW-YORKER, 
AN ORIGINAL WEEKLY 
RURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER, 
CONDUCTED JBY D. D. T. MOORE. 
The late Hon. Edwjid Everett, in an 
address before the Agridltural Society of the 
Stabi of New York, after!peaking of the claims 
of the other pursuits cf life, says: — “ With 
greater reason it might 1 1 claimed for Agricul¬ 
ture, that it supplies It® first wants of our 
nature —the daily colt (F the great family of 
man for hi3 daily bread-the call that must be 
answered before the w<fra of life, high or low, 
cun begin. 
I must confess thnt tlure has always seemed 
to me something approving the sublime in 
this view of Agriculture which (6uch is the 
effect of familiarity does ot produce an impres¬ 
sion on our minds inproprtion to the grandeur 
of the idea. We seem, o: the contrary, to take 
for granted, that we live tv a kind of mechanical 
necessity, and that our frames are like watches, 
made, if such a thing wire'possible, to go with¬ 
out winding up, in virttf f some lunate princi¬ 
ple of subsistence indepmdent of our wills, which 
is, indeed, in other reeJects, true. But it is not 
less true that our exatenee, as individuals or 
communities, must be kept up by'a daily supply 
of food, directly or iitlirectly furnished hy Ag¬ 
riculture; and thft, if this supply should wholly 
fail for ten days, ill this multitudinous, striving, 
ambitious humai'.ty, these nations and kindred 
and tribes of melt, would perish from the face of 
the earth, by thepost ghastly form of dissolution. 
Strike out of eWVcnce, at once, teu days’ sup- 
,5 Indian corn, 
MR. POTTLE'S SHEEP 
HENRY S. RANDALL, LL, D. t 
Editor of the Department of Sheep Husbandry. 
Hon. E. B. Pottle, Naples, Ontario Co., N. 
Y., writes to us: — “The seven-year old ram 
‘ Frank,’ now owned by myself and I. 8. Good¬ 
rich of Lima, N. Y., was bought by me when a 
SPECIAL COXTRiBrTORSi 
F. BARRY, C. DEWEY, LL, D., 
H. T. BROOKS, L. B. LANG WORTHY, 
T. 0. PETERS, EDWARD WEBSTER. 
The Rural Nbw-Yoekkr is designed to he unsur¬ 
passed lit Value. Purity, and Variety ol Contents, and 
unique and buuutltul in Appearance. Its Conductor 
devotes ma personal attention to the supervision or Its 
various departments, and earcu-?tly labors to render the 
Rural an eminently Reliable Guide on nil the Important 
Practical, Scientific and other Subjects Intimately con¬ 
nected with the business of those whose interests It 
zealously advocates. As a Family Journal it is emi¬ 
nently Instructive and Entertaining—being so conducted 
that It can be safely taken to the Homes or people of 
Intelligence, taste and discrimination. It embraces more 
Horticultural. Scientific, Educational, Literary and News 
Matter, Inters persed with appropriate Engravings, than 
any other Journal,— rendenng.lt lhr the most complete 
Agricultural, Literary and Family Newspaper 
In America. _ _ 
jy For Terns and other particulars, see last page. 
AfflM60LTWMI 
LIQUID MANURE 
Next in importance to the making and saving 
of manure-, is the. prnper time and way of apply¬ 
ing it to the crops. If we fully understood the 
methods by which the food deposited In the 
earth is brought to the proper condition to be 
absorbed and enter into the material of the 
plants, we could by the aid of Capital and 
Science furnish it to better advantage, and with 
greater profit. When we put raw and solid 
manure into the ground, it must manifestly 
undergo great changes before it enriches the 
soil. It is decomposed, and. its component 
Gases are 
ply of eight or \ 
fvp. rol 
banana, and tin 
others, which serve as the forage of the domestic 
animals, and the human race would be extinct. 
Tbe houses we Inhabit, the monuments we erect, 
the trees wo plant, stand in some cases for ages; 
bnt our own frames— the stout limbs, the skill¬ 
ful hands that build tbe houses, and set up the 
monuments, and plant the trees —have to be 
built up, re-created, every day; and this must 
athered 
be done from the fruits of the- earth 
by Agriculture. Everything else is luxury, con¬ 
venience, comfort; food is indispensable. 
Then consider the bewildering extent of this 
daily demand and supply, which you will allow 
me to place before you in a somewhat coarse, 
mechanical illustration. The human race is 
usually estimated at about out thousand mil¬ 
lions of individuals. If the tjsteuanee of a 
portion of these multitudinous millions is de¬ 
rived from other sources than agriculture, this 
circumstance is balanced by th$ fact that there 
is a great deal of agricultural \ reduce raised iu 
excess of the total demands for food. Let then 
the thoughtful husbandman wh j desires to form 
a jnst idea of the importance, of his pursuit, 
reflect when he gataers his little flock about 
him to partake the morning’.- meal, that one 
thousand millions of fellow-me i have awakened 
from sleep that morning, era dug their daily 
dreal, With the same appetite which reigns at 
bis '.arnily board; and that If, by a superior 
power, they could he gathered together, at the 
same hour for the same meal, they would fill 
both sides of rive tildes reaching ail around the 
globe where it is ®oftdest, seated side by side, 
and Glowing eighiten inches to each individ¬ 
ual, and that the* tables are to be reuewed 
twie# or thrice ev#ry day. Then let him con- 
sidei that, iu addition to the food of the human 
race, that of all tbs humble partners of man's 
toil - the lower aiimals —is to be provided in 
dike manner. The * all wait upon agriculture, 
as t io agent of thfet Providence which giveth 
the 0 their meat i4 due season; and they prob¬ 
able consume in the aggregate an equal amount 
of iroduee; and filially, let him add iuimagina- 
l . , . > . __i 1 .It. Mn « 
parts, to a certain extent, separated 
evolved which arc retained by the earth, or 
escape and mingle with the air, whence they 
arc fed to leaves. The solid portions that 
remain are absorbed and dissolved by water, aud 
in connection with great quantities of that fluid, 
are taken up by the rods. Undoubtedly while 
these processes are going on great waste takes 
place. Part is carried too far down by the rains 
into porous subsoils, and some of it may throw 
off much of its richness into the air. 
And again, it la possible that chemical action 
may fix a portion iu an Insoluble state, so that 
it may remain a long time inert 
Nature de- j 
posits all manure on the surface, aud the rain 
absorbs its fertilizing qualities, and carries them, 
largely diluted, downward to the roots. We 
should take a hint from this. Art may assist 
and extend, as it were, the operations of Nature, 
but as far as she carries her working she never 
makes ft mistake. Nature carries manure to 
plants in a liquid form. She only mulches tbe 
surface with it in its solid state. If thus we go 
so tar as to convert all of our fertilizers Into 
liquid form, and largely dilute them with water 
and apply it “as the rain falls,” have we not the 
most perfect and economical method of enrich¬ 
ing our laud that experience and science can 
devise? In China aud Japan, where the land 
subsists more people to the square mile than 
any other country, and where from necessity It 
i6 forced to produce, likewise, more, this way is 
generally adopted. Iu England, also, systems 
have, to some extent, been devised and put in 
practice by which manure in its liquid state Is 
exclusively used. And It is mainly for the pur¬ 
pose of introducing some instances of success 
with such systems that this article is written. 
Not everywhere, at present, do we suppose it 
would pay to incur the expense necessary to ap¬ 
ply liquid manure, but there are numerous 
localities, near large towns, where, for market 
gardening and raising small fruits, we thiuk it 
would pay. Wo quote from the Report ol' the 
American Institute, 1863-4: 
“Sir Joseph Paxton collects, at Cbatswortb, 
the manure water from water closets, horse 
dung aud other sources, iuto large covered cis¬ 
terns. The waste also of a small bath is emptied 
into one of these, by which means the solution 
becomes thin, Tue liquid so collected passes 
almost immediately into a state of Incipient 
decomposition, and becomes well fitted for the 
pabulum of vegetation. When druwn off for 
use, it is greatly diluted with water, aud never 
supplied except when the plants-are in a state of 
in a thin sheet. The whole apparatus, including 
tanks, pipes for fifty acres, cost *1,500. By refer¬ 
ence to the aggregate capacity of the tanks they 
will be found capable of fertilizing five hundred 
acres instead of one. The stock on this farm 
producing manure, is on the average, thirty-sLx 
dry and feeding eatile, two hundred and ten 
sheep, nine working horses, one hack, four or 
live young horses, and thirty hogs. No houses 
contribute to the liquid manure, but all the cat¬ 
tle sheddings, piggeries, staWes and other farm 
buildings, and the percolations of the solid 
manure heaps, irocs into the tanks. One man, 
AMERICAN PRIZE SHEEP AT HAMBURG, 
25 pounds — average weight of four consecutive 
fleeces, 22)^ pounds. He is well known in. 
Western New York as a stock ram. In his 
prime he was, taking all his points together, 
entitled to rank among the beet specimens of 
American Merinos in New York.” 
•* Rellk, owned by me, now two years old, 
was bred by R. J. Jones, West Cornwall, \ t. 
In ihe Practical Shepherd, page 438, we stated 
that Georgs Campbell of Westminister, Yt., 
took American Merino sheep to exhibit at the 
International Exhibition at Hamburg, in July, 
1563; that “Mr. Campbell found 1,761 sheep 
competing in the same class with his own 
that Mr. Campbell was awarded the 
first prize ot fifty thalers for the best 
ram, the second prize of twenty-five 
thalers for the second best ram, and 
L the first prize of fifty thalers for the 
best ewes. 
We also gave various particulars 
going to show under what a cloud 
of difficulties this great victory was 
won; that the German press and 
public murmured at the decision of 
the Judges; that thereupon Col. 
Daniel Needham, who was Com¬ 
missioner of the State of Vermont at 
the Exhibition, after conferring with 
__ the U. S. Commissioner (Governor 
Wright) and Mr. Campbell, pub¬ 
lished a card in the German tongue 
proposing a sweepstakes open to all the previ¬ 
ous competitors, the award to be made by a 
new Committee selected by the German associa¬ 
tion under whose direction the Hamburg Exhi¬ 
bition look place; that Mr. Campbell immedi¬ 
ately entered his sheep, but that his was the 
ONTARIO. 
She was got, I learn from Mr. Jones, by a ram 
owned by Simon Rockwell, purchased by 
him, of William R. Sanford, and got by 
Sanford’s * Comet. ’ Belle’s dam was a pure 
Atwood ewe, purchased by Mr. Jones of Reu¬ 
ben P. Halt and C. B. Cook. She received 
