/ 
/ 
have done better The receipts for entries'and'admia- 
sions were about $11,100; for rente, &C-, $2,000; local 
subscription $ 3 , 000 -making a total in round numbers 
of $16,000 
Tmc Michigan State Fate. —We are glad to hear 
favorable accounts of the 17th Annnal Fair of the 
Mich. State Ag. Society, held at Adrian week before 
last. The weather was fine throughout. It is said 
that in the number of entries, the number in attend¬ 
ance, and pecuniarily, the Fair was a marked success. 
The entries numbered 1,751. The receipts from sale 
Communications, (Etc 
Hints on Harvesting Buckwheat. 
The excellence of buckwheat Hour depends 
chiefly on the management of the grain between 
the time of ripening and grinding. The com¬ 
mon way of treating buckwheat effectually pre¬ 
vents making good flour, it being allowed to- 
remain in the swath for several weeks, when it 
should never be suffered to lie longer than a 
day or two, and it is decidedly better for the 
grain to rake it and Bet it on end, as fast as it is 
cradled. Much less grain will be wasted by 
shelling out; the straw will cure and dry out 
sooner, and make better fodder; the crop will 
be ready for threshing aud housing In less time; 
and the grain will yield a much better quality of 
flour. It Is especially injurious to the grain to 
be exposed to storms before it is set up, for dirt 
is spattered all over the grain by the lalling of 
large rain drops. Wetting and drying the grain 
several times destroys the life of the flour. It 
will never be so white, nor make 60 good cakes, 
but will be sticky and the cakes clammy, like 
the flour of spronted wheat.— imninro Ag'ht. 
THE VERMONT STATE FAIR. 
The Vermont State Fair was held at Wtii'e 
River Junction, Sept. 12th to the 15th inclusive. 
It was the Fifteenth Annual Exhibition of the 
State Agricultural Society, and as a whole was a 
decided success. The weather was fair and 
warm— too warm to be comfortable, and the 
last two days were as dusty as they were warm. 
The first day was devoted principally to the 
show of cuttle, and as an entry day for stock 
o-enerally. There were 110 entries of cattle— 
™WmAllv the Devon, the Durham and the 
Treasurer-Hi. O, Humphrey. iviuamaziiu, nan v. 
Secretary—H, F Johnstone. Detroit. Wayne Co. 
Executive Committee-8. 8. Bailey, K ^? 1 Co.. .J 
Walter, Kalamazoo Co., K C. 
Gilbert, WaAliteuaw Co., Wm. Bort, l.crrien Co 
j Baxter, Hillsdale Co , Sanford Howard, Ingham 
JolmAJIen, Wayne Co , C W Greens. OaEland 
GOLD MINE. 
MR. AVERY’S RAM 
was “closely sheared at both 
t no dung or other impurities 
the fleece, but that the “ sweat- 
' ~ * fit; that there is no stand- 
^ ■ j the town; that the ones 
tested with others for several 
' > scales, and fouad to 
that the fleece has been sold and 
and 1805, and was 
shearings;” that no d 
were done up in the fle< 
balls* 1 were included in 
art! for steel-yards iu i 
used have been t- 
years and with Faiubank’s 
to be eorreet; 1- 
taken away. 
Mr. Hibbard has forwarded us specimens of 
the wool taken from the fleece about two months 
after shearing, and which,he remarks, “proba¬ 
bly do not show as much oil now as at first.” 
He has thus done all we asked of him, and so far 
as we can now see, relieved himseit of all fut- 
ther responsibility in the premises. That now 
rests on the certificate makers, and more pnticu- 
larly on the proprietor of the sheep, B. F. 
Dewey'. We know none of the parties making 
the certificates. Their testimony appears lair 
on its faco; and though it is not drawn up in all 
respects in that exact and definite way which 
leaves no possible loop-holes for error or eva¬ 
sion ; still it covers the ground sufficiently it 
(he witnesses are straight-forward and strictly 
candid men, as we trust they are. 
In commenting on this case, we feel that we 
have duties to discharge alike to the witnesses 
and the pnblie. Nothing in our opinion is baser 
than for an editor wilfully or causelessly to tram¬ 
ple on the rights or feelings of private individu- 
als—but on the other hand, we think he is bound 
not to pnblish- without protest statements 
which, whether made in good faith or not, are, 
iu his deliberate judgment, calculated to deceive 
and mislead the public. 
We have seen altogether too mauy Merino 
rams carrying as heavy fleeces as any on record, 
to believe, for a moment, that any one weighing 
(in fair ordinal j owumtion and on its usual 
but 101 pounds, has produced, in a year, 28kj 
pounds of wool, or wool mixed with any ordi¬ 
nary or reasonable amount of yolk. The sam¬ 
ples from Mr. Dewey’s ram sent to us, are 
remarkably yolky. But they range only from - 
to inches in length. Tbi3 is below the 
average length of rams’ fleeces, at this time! 
We can only reconcile ourselves to the belief 
that such a fleece, yolk and all, weighed the 
amount stated, by supposing that the exces¬ 
sively yolky wool, especially that under the 
Rn Ar bad can edit no £ very unusual amount of 
They cannot bo well 4< rough It ’ and endure 
hardships. They are nothing like as thrifty, 
hardy and free from disease as the latter under 
unfavorable circumstances — under exposure to 
severe storms, intense cold, rapid changes ot 
temperature, insufficiency of food or water, poor 
food, cramped, unventilated shelters, &C-, dfc. 
The English LoDg Wools are adupted to situa¬ 
tions having rapid aecess to market, fertile soils. 
can market continues to be as brisk as ever, nud 
the only wonder is, where do all the cattle come 
from, for few had any idea that the country was 
so well stocked, especially after so hard a Winter 
as we had last. year. The price obtained is 
highly remunerative, and we would advise far¬ 
mers to take advantage ol the market before 
there is a decline in price, as there moat gen¬ 
erally is in the Fall of the year. The generality 
of the cattle passing through here are in good 
condition, giving evidence of having enjoyed 
good pasture, the result of the refreshing 6how- 
Tue Monhob Co. Fair— near this city, last week— 
was not what it ought or might have been in many 
respects. The attendance was good, however, and 
the receipts will prohably leave a balance In the 
Treasury after paying all expenses. The best feature 
of the Fair is saiil to have been the able, practical 
and truthful address by IIuuii T. Brooks, neq , of 
Wyoming, [H T. B. of the Ritual.] As the Society 
voted that a copy he solicited for publication, we 
nope to give extracts, at least, iu future numbers. 
former years, and was alike creditable to the 
State and the owners. Among the exhibitors 
of note-worthy animals, I will mention John 
Dally, L. Tucker, C. Joslin, J. Johnsou, and 
others of Vermont ; L. D. Harlow, C. Ballard, 
G. J. G. Freeman and J. Endicott of New 
Hampshire; G. W. Batchelderof Massachusetts, 
and Carlos Pierce of Canada East. Of fancy 
matched horses, A. B. Tinkbam of Ilartford, 
took the first premium; 2d and 3d do., L. T. 
Tucker, Royalton; R. M. Chambers, Newbury. 
Fine matched spans were also exhibited by C. 
Pierce of Stanstead, C. E., and I. Pompilly of 
Auburn, Me. This feature of the exhibition 
was especially interesling-exhibiting a desire 
to excel worthy of example. 
The show of Sheep was unusually large. 
There were 320 entries principally of the Merino 
stock, though the long wools were creditably 
represented. Couch & Fuller of Pomfret, took 
the 1st premium on Spanish Merino rams, two 
years old and over; J. Cowles of New Haven, 
the 2d, and Cushing & Boynton of Woodstock, 
the 3d. The greatest Interest was manifested 
among the sheep-tneu in this class, each com¬ 
petitor anxious to carry off the prize. Mr. 
Cowles, who received the 2d premium as above 
stated, took the 1 st on the same animal at the 
New England Fair the week before. Long 
Wools were exhibited l>y J. A. 8 bedd of Bur¬ 
lington, Park Avery of Thetford, S. & W. S. 
Allen of Vergennes and others. 
Swiue and Poultry were among the weakest 
features of the Fair. There were a few lots of 
each worthy ofjtfintion—fair representatives of 
4 .U- 1 - fiMPpeacet S. 'Taylor v* =« 
and Messrs. Alllef, v ergennes, were some of the 
exhibitors. Entries of swine, 7; poultry, 5. 
There was a fair show of Fruits and \ egeta- 
bles. Apples aud pears are unusually large as 
well as unusually scarce In V'ermout this season. 
The largest show of apples was made by N. B. 
Hazen of Hartford, comprising 62 varieties. Gar¬ 
den vegetables were plentiful, and the show was 
large of large-sized specimens. Thu entries of 
fruit numbered IS; vegetables 43. Of butter 
and cheese there were some line specimens. 
Sugar aud houey was o! good quality —only 
nine specimens were entered. 
The &how of Agricultural and Mechanical 
Implements was quite large. Besides the vari¬ 
ous kinds of mowing machines, plows, harrows, 
cultivators, hay aud root cutters, horse-rakes, 
wagons, Eleigbs and other articles usually on 
exhibition, there were exhibited a hay and cot¬ 
ton press of considerable interest, and a monster 
tin vat said to hold ten hogsheads, from the 
cheese factory of East Berkshire, VU On mow¬ 
ing machines the Improved Buckeye manufac¬ 
tured at St. Albans, rec ived the 1st premium. 
Last out not least came the Ladies’ or Floral 
Hall. Thisgrand receptacle of the ladies’ handi¬ 
work was one of the leading and loveliest fca- 
Of the many rich and benuti- 
A Trip to Canada.—I n company with the Roches¬ 
ter city officials, members of the Press, etc., we last 
week enjoyed (though an invalid.) a two-days excur¬ 
sion to Port Hope and Pcterboro, C W Though 
illness precludes us from now giving any particulars 
of whaL new things wc saw and what pleasant, frater¬ 
nal people we chanced to meet, we hope to transfer 
gome of our notes to the pages of a future number 
of the Rural 
production. In a word, they require an English 
style of farming. All these wants and peculiari¬ 
ties unfit them measurably for common, rough, 
American farming, for our cheaper soils, and 
our un-English climate. 
5. If the Merino will give most scoured wool 
for his food, other things being equal, what shall 
we say of his superiority for the special purposes 
of wool production, where the other circumstances 
are so very unequal, aud all in his favor. 
We are sensible that in these hasty remarks we 
have submitted nothing new to our experienced 
readers. But we must not forget that new labor¬ 
ers are constantly entering the held of sheep 
husbandry, and that every one, in turn, must 
learn the A, B, C, of the occupation! 
Eradication of Stumps. 
When it is necessary to remove large stumps 
under circumstances which render it impracti¬ 
cable to avail one’s self of the assistance of a 
“ stump machine,” the work may be successfully 
accomplished by burning. This is done by dig¬ 
ging under them, filling the cavity with com¬ 
bustible materials, and covering the stnmp, after 
firing the materials, with turf, In the same manner 
that coal-kilns are covered. The fire will In a 
short time effect the entire destruction of the 
stumps—even the long lateral roots, unless the 
soil is very humid, iu which case the burning 
should be undertaken during the dry weather of 
summer. If the dirt is nveavatad a few weeks 
before the burmug is undertaken, the operation 
will be more speedily effected. The ashes pro¬ 
duced by the combustion will afford an excel¬ 
lent stimulus for the soil, and should be care¬ 
fully applied as soou as the operation la com¬ 
pleted. But in all cases where eradication by 
pulling is practicable, the stump machine should 
be used .—'Germantown Telegraph. 
American Institute Mowing-Machise Trial.— 
The N Y. Times states that the judges appointed at 
the great field trial of morning-machines, held at 
Hum’s Bridge, July 25 and 26, have awarded the gold 
medal ot the society to the Buckeye Mower, built by 
Adriano*, Platt & Co , Poughkeepsie, and No. 105 
Greenwich-street. New York-lhe many severe tests 
to which the various machines were subjected having 
..i.,.. a ...n-y ' '"i-lli'nrf. - superior¬ 
ity in the “ Buckeye,” as to fairly entitle it to this 
award. 
MR. AVERY’S RAM “GOLD MINE, 
His dam is a pure Atwood ewe by the ‘ Cross 
Ram.’ ‘Gold Mine’ was dropped in April, 
1863. Weight of fleece May 10, 1SG4, 15 fts. 
14 ozs. Second fleece, May 10,1865, 21 Bjs. 
“ A part of my breeding ewes are descendants 
from the importation of Consul J Aims, crossed 
for two or three generations with pure Atwood 
rams; and a part of them arc pure Atwood 
ewes, purchased by me of S. J. Merhiam ot 
Brnnuon, Vfc, in Jan., 1804. Mr. Merriam pur¬ 
chased the entire flock of John A. Conant 
who was in company with Jessee Hinds in bis 
purchase of Stephen Atwood in Oct., 1843, and 
Jan., 1844. My entire flock (not, highly fed,) 
consisting ol breeding ewes — brook washed 
and yearlings, gave an average of 7 Tbs. 4 ozs. to 
the fleece, My yearling ram, which was awarded 
-second premium in class “ Delaine Merinos” at 
the State Sheep Show, at Canandaigua, in May 
last, was from one of my mixed Jarvis and At¬ 
wood ewes, aud an Atwood ram. He gate a 
fleece on the 16th of May, when one year and 
fourteen days old, of W/ t lbs. of wool," 
or the Tribune argues that the late melting weamtr 
was a great blessing because of Us good effect upon 
the corn crop which must ho our chief dependence for 
food for the year ensuing. " heat was nowhere heat), 
audio some sections a complete failure; while com 
was in good part planted lata, and encountered cold, 
wet weather in June and July. An enormous area 
was seeded, and it is generally large, hut still green. 
A sharp frost two or three weeks ago would have (lone 
enormous damage; hut this hot weather has done a 
great work. There will he more corn harvested, and 
probably more pork made, in this than in any for¬ 
mer year; and both of these staples must bo cheaper 
throughout ’66 than they have been in '65. The Trib¬ 
une might have added that the hot weather and dronth 
were beneficial also In enabling farmers to make drains 
and do other work which can only he performed in 
drv weather. “ It’s an 111 wind,” Sc 
Pastures.— Where the ground is very dry and 
the grass short, it is better to give all stock one- 
feeding of hay, daily, than to allow- them to 
gnaw the grass close to the ground. Sheep, 
neat cattle and horses will subsist on hay in 
summer as well as in winter. Pastures must 
have more time to grow in hot and dry weather, 
than when vegetation does not suffer for rain. 
If pastures are short, let stock be fed on green 
corn stalks or sorghum, a portion of the time.— 
Exchange. 
The Cornell University.— At a meeting or 
institution, on the 6th ult., the Board of Trustees 
was formally organized, and measures adopted to 
secure the munificent donation of Haif a Million o 
Doll.r* from tl.« Hob. Kzn, o™,,,. A 
reported that the gift would be in the form or a bond, 
with good securities —paying not less than sov^ per 
cent, interest. Tbo following Is a list the Board f 
Trustees and its officers; 
Hon. I.dwIn J • ,] >via Kelly, RhinCheck; J 
r «d Alb’tnv' Hon. ( H. Andrews. Sprinc- 
- lion. A. B. Weaver, Deerfield. One!* 
field, fit ig . j-) \yiiUg Syracuse; Hon. Charles J. 
Geneva-’lion. lulwiuD.Morgan. Aurora; Bon. 
T?^ W BarU -r C' wego; Hon. T. O. tV,cr*. Barren; 
mnSaflildey Rochester; Hot) G. G. Hoskins, Bcn- 
Ezra Cornell. lion. J. B. William*. Hon. 
Qwnt\V Schuyler. William Andrus, John MtGraw, 
Francis M Finch, Alonzo B. Cornell, Ithaca. 
1 Cornell, Chairman; Hon. Geo. 
w 4t uvU*r Treasurer; Fraud* M. Fmcb. secretary. 
//'35J tv committee.-"' UUam Andrus,Hon. Joslah 
Severe and 
designed todo-and also from sending representatives 
of the Kubal to them, or making arrangements for 
reports—hence the meagerness or absence of accounts 
of even onr own State and County exhibitions 1 lit* 
has been a great disappointment to ns, and perhaps 
the absence or reports in onr pages has disappointed 
many readers, hat we can onty explain, and express 
our regrets for what was unavoidable But, though 
prevented from attending, or sending representative* 
of this journal (except to the N. Y State Fair,) w e 
are truly rejoiced to learn that the Fairs thus fur held 
have been comparatively successful —indn-d l-hat 
many, if not most, of the prominent ones have been 
such as lo fully maintain or augment the reputations 
of the organizations under whose auspices they were 
held And we congratulate managers, members, and 
the industrial and progressive people In the numerous 
localities where exhibitions have taken place, upon the 
improvements manifested and results achieved, U c 
subjoin brief notices of two or three Fairs. 
We are now. Oct. 2. confined to onr room M(l»nifoj-lrig 
from a second attack, or, relapse, or rover. MU roar w o 
shiill bo unable to attend any ot the later lairs ot 
tures of the Fair 
ful articles there exhibited it would be next to 
impossible to select or particularize the best or 
the roost meritorious in this connection,—all 
were among “the best,” and did much credit to 
the fair and ingenious Angers that gave them 
form and beauty. 
The address by Hon. J. W. Patterson of 
Dartmouth, was spoken of as an able effort, 
replete with practical inst ruction conveyed w ith 
an elegance of diction rarely enjoyed on like 
occasions. J Prof. Patterson was followed by 
Col. Hajuuman of N. II., whose remarks were 
received with applause. 
The evening discussions were a marked and 
interesting feature of the Fair,—a profitable 
addition to our annual State Festivals. They 
were fully attended, amllistcued to by the audi¬ 
ence with marked attention. Time aud space 
forbids an extended account of these discussions. 
The question considered the first evening, “ Is 
it expedient to allow the race of Morgan horses 
to become extinct?” after considerable ani¬ 
mated discission by some of the leading horse 
characters of the State and New England, was 
unanimously decided by the large audience pres¬ 
ent In the negative. 
The secojid question, “ What is the best breed 
of cattle ftr Vermont?” was one on which the 
minds of Ihe people were not so unanimous. 
The Devon, the Durham, the Ayrshire- all had 
their advocates—and even the old natives—the 
“ mllk-pii.il” breed— were not left forsaken and 
without their admirers. I think this, toaconsid- 
erablo extent, may he regarded as a question of 
fancy, governed in a degree by situation and 
circumstance; a question which no amount of 
discussion, experiment or practical demonstra¬ 
tion will ever sot at rest. I. IF. Sanborn. 
Lyndon, Vt., 1865. 
ram weighing 101 lbs.—the fleece being of a lit¬ 
tle less than one year’s growth. Wc expressed 
our incredulity, called lor proofs, and for average 
samples of the fleece. On the 7th Sept. Mr. 
Hibbard forwaded to us a certificate from B. 
F. Dewet declaring that the ram was shorn 
June 20,1865; that lie produced 28^ lbs.; that 
the next morning at his request Eli Ray weigh¬ 
ed the ram and found iris weight, to be 101 lbs. 
He says: — “Public notice was given of the 
shearing, but a trial of mowing machines that 
day called many of my neighbors away.” James 
M. Dewey affirms the same facts, says addition¬ 
ally that he weighed the fleece on the 21st, 
in the absence of B. F. Dewey ; — and that E. 
8. Newell and B. Wilson of Shoreham were 
present when the careass was weighed by Rat. 
Rat certifies to the wuighlng of the careass 
on the 2l8t, and says that B. F. Dewey then 
requested him to weigh the fleece, which he 
declined to do, having full confidence in 
D.’s statement of Its weight. Barnes Fris- 
bib, “Judge of Rutland Co. Court,” M. Clark 
“Cashier Bank, Poaltney,” Henry Clarke, 
“Secretary of Beuate of Vt,,” L. E. Thompson, 
“ Constable of tire town of Poultnoy,” certify as 
follows . “ The undersigned know personally B. 
F. Dewey, J. M. Dewey and Em Ray; they are 
respectable citizens of Ponitney, and are men 
well known ior truth and veracity. 11 
As these statements contained nothing in re¬ 
gard to the age of the fleece, w-e called Mr. Him 
l ard’s attention to the omission, and askudseve¬ 
ral questions; whereupon he enclosed os another 
certificate from B. F. Dewey, that the ram was 
beared on the same day of June, both in 1864 
Summer Fallow, Fallow, &c. — The following 
definitions of these terms are given in Webster s 
Unabridged Dictionary: 
“ Summer Fallow, u. [Sec Fallow.J A f.illuYY made 
dnring the warm months, to kill weeds.” 
•• Fallow, n. Land that has lain a year or more 
untilled or unseeded. it is also called fljflow when 
plowed without being sowed. The plowing qj J allows 
is a benefit (0lands, -Mortimer. 
2 . The plowing or tilling of land without sowing It. 
for u season. StHnmer/WJtw, properly conducted, nas 
ever been found a sure method of destroying wttns. 
By a complete summer fallow Uudte rendered unde 
and mellow. The fallow gitt • U a better (Uih than can 
be gi an if by a fallow crop.— trinclair. 
_ . . . > . _1__ Y - , n r-n« . 
•The 16th Annual Exhibition of 
Ojijo Stays Fair. - 
the Ohio State Board of Agriculture-held at Colurn- 
bus, Sept 12 15—f* 1 ‘eponcd by the Ohio Farmer and 
Other Journal* to have been largely attended and ex¬ 
ceedingly creditable In mutt departments The Bhow 
or Stock —especially of cattle, horses and sheep—war, 
tl » usual,a marked feature. The Uorlk tfiturul dlsplny 
was uJbo very fine, considering the unfavorable season 
aud failnre of the fruit crop hr many portions of the 
State The Farmer says the department or Imple¬ 
ments, Machines, and of mechanical Inventions gen- 
orally, •• was a complete and instructive exhibit of the 
skill’ science and genius of onr people, who are ever 
on the alert to compter time, space, force ned drenm- 
stance, transferring brain nnd muscle to wood, steel 
and steam— harnessing the elements to contrivances 
which cau do nearly everything but talk, and even 
doing away with the necessity for a great deal of 
that ” Financially the Fair was a comparative suc¬ 
cess, though our Buckeye friends could and should 
