MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
A If ORIGINAL WEEKLY 
RUKAI, LITERARY AND PAJflLY NEWSPAPER. 
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE. 
HENRY S. RANDALL, LL, D. p 
Editor of the Department of Sheep Huabandrv. 
their frequent attempts at mounting, contrasted 
strongly with the dull and unexcltable aspect 
presented by the others. No doubt the first lot 
would have commanded a higer price in the mar¬ 
ket than the second.' ” 
The above remarks and experiments exhibit 
the opinion and the experiment of the highest 
authority in such matters to be f und in this 
country and in Europe. 
Dr. Dalton’3 remarks on the av ion of chlo¬ 
ride of sodium on the various fun vtions, secre¬ 
tions, Arc., points quite clearly to its general 
effect at all times and conditions of the animal. 
By its effect on the complicated apparatus of se- 
seed-bed. It is not at all necessary to plow 
again. If the work has been well done in the 
autumn, under ordinary circumstances, we 
should, by an means, prefer not to plow again 
in the spring. Have t wo or three inches of mel¬ 
low, freshly turned soil, and that underneath 
will be left sufficiently loose by the frost for the 
roots of the plants. 
Fall plowing, also, helps to kill weeds. Can- 
I ada thistles are not Invigorated by having their 
roots on the top of the ground during the win¬ 
ter. But the chief benefit, in this direction 
would be derived from plowing early enough to 
let fed-root, cockle, and weeds that Infest wheat, 
sprout In the fall, and then the spring cultiva¬ 
tion would destroy them. In the meantime 
we advise farmers to fall-plow as much as pos¬ 
sible. Other things being equal, we think the 
man who gets the most plowed in the autumn 
has the satisfaction of feeling, when the spring 
comes, that he has his work best in hand. 
THE WOOL MARKET, 
SPECIAL CONTIUBCTOKB i 
P. BARRY, C. DEWET, LL, D„ 
H. T. BROOKS, L. B. LASOWORTHY, 
T. C. PETERS, EDWARD WEBSTER. 
The Rusal Nbw-Yobxrb la designed to be uo 9 ur- 
paesed lh Value. Purity, and Variety of Contents, and 
unique and beautiful In Appearance. Its Conductor 
devotes ni# personal attention to the supervision of its 
various departments, and earnestly labors to render the 
Rubai, an eminently Reliable Guide on nil the Important 
Practical, Scientific and other Subjects Intimately con¬ 
nected with the business of those whose Interests it 
zealously advocates. As a Family Jouknal it Is eml- 
nently InstrucUvc and Entertalnlng-belng so conducted 
that it can be safely tuken to the Homes of people of 
intelligence, taste and discrimination. It embraces more 
Horticultural,Scientific, Educational, Literary and News 
Matter, Interspersed with appropriate Engravings, than 
any other Journal,— rendering It Tar the most complete 
AGKICULTVBAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY KewSPAPKB 
In America, 
salt at any time to injure itself, provided that it 
is kept constantly before it, or supplied to It at 
short Intervals. I have also no doubt that ani¬ 
mals may be made to eat too much of it by mix- 
| iDg it in improper quantities in their food, as 
I through the over-saltlngsof hay, &c. What 
gg~For Terms and other particulars, see last page. 
FALL PLOWING 
There are many farmers, at this day, who 
deem fall plowing' unprofitable cultivation.— 
They prefer to t Tii'D nvor t.bo enil $»■» tii«< cr v >*'”/y. 
when it has become sufficiently dry, and put 
the seed into it while it is mellow and lrcsn. 
They argue that it is injurious to expose the 
ground, by plowing, to the rains and snows of 
winter, and, that it becomes too much com¬ 
pacted to be lu good condition for a seed bed. 
Moreover, it is more work, on the whole, to put 
in a crop; for the extra amount of cultivating 
and harrowing required by a fall-plowed field 
above that by a spring-plowed one, to get it as 
mellow and line, is considerable. Then it is 
denied that there is not much time gained in 
the spring, for one eau plow laud wetter, with 
less injury, thau he can harrow St. 
We believe, however, that there are very de¬ 
cided advantages in fall plowing; and that it is 
a fact that, on au average, better crops are ob¬ 
tained on fall-plowed land thau on spring-plowed 
exclusively. Wc say exclusively, because while 
fall-plowed land gains some of the advantages 
of a spring working, spring-plowed receives 
none of the fall cultivation. Here, then, is one 
apparent benefit, if there is more cultivation, 
there is a better condition. 
The cultivation for a spring crop, which com¬ 
menced with fall plowlDg, might be termed 
winter fallowing, it differs from summer fal¬ 
lowing in that, as no weeds will grow in winter, 
therefore, we destroy none. But then, we need 
not work; the frost-king drives his glittering 
plow through the lumpy earth and it crum¬ 
bles like dry ashes in the furrow, lie culti¬ 
vates and harrows, rolls and subsoils. Ho de¬ 
mands neither money nor food. He does his 
powerful work unheard and unseen. Sometimes, 
in the calmness of a winter night, when the full 
moon and the starry hosts jewel the sky; and, 
again, when the wrath of the storm smites the 
earth. Wc may sit by the fire and be comforta¬ 
ble, and our horses grow fat and gamesome in 
the stable. “ But,” argues one, “ all this will be 
clone if you do not fall-plow; the ground will 
freeze the same." So it will. But freezing will 
not have the same effect. That part of the 
soil destined to receive the seed is not pulver- 
hen and air-slaked; neither is it exposed to the 
rain and snow; which exposure, we think, is a 
benefit and uot au injury. Why should it be au 
injury ? I f it is detrimental to plowed land, it is 
so, likewise, to that which is unplowed, ouly to 
a lesser degree. Does Nature operating in this 
way, persistently, regularly for half the year, 
work injury to the soil ? The rain and the snow 
bold in solution much enriching substance, and 
most of it is imparted to the laud. Taken iu 
connection with the operation of the frost, the 
snows and rains of winter arc of great benefit to 
the land. And the most benefit. can be cabled 
OJ xxiiun4 ,) as a proximate 
principle In the animal economy. The desire 
for UiU akinant la - a • 11 t 
all civilized races of men and to all herbiverous 
nu;^., i> r * petting its use in the human econ¬ 
omy, Dr. Dalton*, (in his Principles of Physiol¬ 
ogy, page 71, ct. seg.,) says: 
“ This substanco is found, like water, through¬ 
out the different tissues and Raids of the body. 
The only exception to this is perhaps the enam¬ 
el of the teeth, where it has not yet been discov¬ 
ered. Its presence is important in the body as 
regulating the phenomena of endosmosis and 
exosmosis in different parts of the frame. For 
wc know that a solution of common salt passes 
through animal membranes much less readily 
thau pure water; and tissues which have been 
desicatcd will absorb pure water more abun¬ 
dant^' than a saline solution. * * * *, 
It exerts also an Important influence on the so¬ 
lution of various other ingredients with which 
it is associated. Thus in the blood it increases 
the solubility of the albumen, and perhaps also 
Of the earthy phosphates. The blood globules, 
again, which become disintegrated and dis¬ 
solved in a solution of pure albumen, are main¬ 
tained in a state of Integrity by the presence of 
a small quantity of chloride of sodium.” 
Referring to the benticial effects of salt when 
supplied to herbiverous animals, Dr. D 
Tire Rural is asked to furnish “ a plan for a 
good and convenient Piggery.” Perhaps we 
cannot better respond, at present, than by giv¬ 
ing two or three from correspondents, and 
which appeared in a former volume. The first 
was furnished by Mr. G. B. Johnson of Onon¬ 
daga Co., ami is as follows: 
The building should be twenty feet square, 
and placed upon a good wall one foot high, laid 
up with mortar, ten feet posts, and six feet be¬ 
tween lower and upper floors. The roof can be 
made to slant either way, or four ways, and 
come to a point at the center. In the former 
case a chimney could be placed at the front end, 
— in the latter case, it would be better in the 
center. The roof should project at least sixteen 
inches. If yon have a “ hipped ” roof, a balus¬ 
trade around the whole would add much to its 
appearance,—with the common roof, a plain 
cornice will answer. A pipe may pass up 
through the chamber floor, and thence into the 
chimuey, for a ventilator to let off steam from 
the cooking food, and the fonl air emitted by 
the swine. 
It will be seen by the engraving Hat the feed¬ 
ing pens and cooking-room are 10 feet square, 
and the sleeping apartments 5 by 1) feet. The 
upper floor may ho used for storing soft corn In 
the autumn —and with trap-doois one foot 
square, over each pen, will be found very con¬ 
venient in feeding. It also would be a good 
place to store farming implements during the 
winter and summer, when not in use. Upon 
each side of the main door, there Should be a 
window, and small doors to each Jon, leading 
into separate yards, on the side and in the 
•ALTON 
says—‘‘The importance of chloride of sodium in 
this respect has been well demonstrated by 
BoDSSiNcHrr.T iu his experiments on the fatten¬ 
ing of animals. These observations were made 
upon six bullocks, selected, as nearly as i*ossi- 
ble, of the same age and vigor, and subjected to 
comparative experiment. They were all sup¬ 
plied with an abundance of nutritious food; but 
three of them (lot No. l,) received also a little 
over 500 grains of salt each per. day. The re¬ 
maining three (lot No. 2,) received no salt, but 
lu other respects were treated like the first. 
The result of these experiments is given by 
Boussing.u lt as follows:—‘Though salt given 
with the food has but little effect in increasing the 
size of the animal, it appears to exert a favora¬ 
ble Influence upon his qualities and general as¬ 
pect. Until the end of March, (the experiment 
began iu October,) the two lots experiment¬ 
ed on. did not present any marked difference; 
but in the course of the following April this dif¬ 
ference became quite manifest, even to an un¬ 
practised eye. The lot No. 2 had then been 
without salt for six months. In the animals of 
both lots the skin had a flue and substantial 
texture, easily stretched and separated from the 
ribs; but the huir which was tarnished and dis¬ 
ordered iu the bullocks of the second lot, was 
smooth and glistening in those of the first. As 
the experiment went on these characteristics 
became more marked; and at the beginning 
of October the animals of lot No. 2 after 
goiug without salt for au entire year, pre¬ 
sented a rough and tangled hide, with patch¬ 
es here and there where the skin was en¬ 
tirely uncovered. The bullocks of lot No. 
1 retained, on the eoutrary, the ordinary as¬ 
pect of stall-fed animals. Their vivacity, and 
leaving a space inches between the girt and 
flodr; the floor made of two-inch plank, and 
lined with half-inch boards. The floor extends 
one foot over the sill Into A, and Is sufficiently 
elevated at the other end under B and D to carry 
off the liquid manure, the bedding and other 
manure being thrown over by means of conven¬ 
ient windows or openings for the purpose. B, 
10 by 10, is an apartment lor fattening hogs. C,’ 
S by 10, for bedding fattening hogs, connected 
with B by door. D, 7 by S, is for Vacate. E, 6 
by 7, to receive bedding for shoats, connected 
with D by doors. F, embraces alley and stairs, 
with ample room for boxes to contain feed. G, 
G, feeding troughs. 
The improvement to which I wish to direct 
attention, is a convenient arrangement for sav- 
rear. 
more necessary or more scarce. This is all we 
tftiw t to see wool sold for. 
What is to be the practical result ? Will the 
farmers, frightened in turn by the delay, con¬ 
tinue to sell by piece-meal, at present prices, or 
at some small advance, and thus enable a small 
body of united, energetic, and resolute men to 
bend all the wool producers of the United States 
to their views ? Would a trifling advance—with 
a fresh batch of rumors about faliinggold, great 
importations, Ac., cfcc.,—send the wool-elip of 
lSdo in a body Into the market? This is for the 
producer lilmsclf to decide. Thtre can be n, 
I gained Jail in prices. Such a thing mignt be 
pretended for a few days, or weeks, provided 
the mills could procure a supply of wool for the 
intervening time—but this farce could not long 
be k opt np. That it would be a farce the state of 
both our woolen and other markets, and the sta¬ 
tistics of the raw material throughout the world 
clearly show. It Is safe then to hold on. The- 
waul'acturer can, iu our opinion, afford to pay a 
handsome advance on present prices, ami wheth¬ 
er he will do so or not, will depend upon the 
firmness of the holders. 
SYi/O 
11 
Dll' 
