KBB. 1 
URAL MEW-Yd&KER 
41 
:ncr. 
KTEWS idee^etjvle^ntt. 
“ Nkvrr forget," exclaimed the Father of hi# Country, “the 
memorable words of Waiuikn : l,et them go with the flag”— 
Diwi.a p. 
“ lie who wus firat in war mid ttr*t In peace, 
h'irnt in our hearts will be till time shall cease, 
With the death dews of his devoted band, 
Baptised the banner of Ins ransomed land ! 
Preserve it, freemen, to your latest breath, 
And keep the watchword, ‘ IJherty or death !’ 
Our Kathbr spake ‘In trust that Hag is given : 
Its stars are Ou; forget me notx of Ilcarcrv' ” 
ROCHESTER, N. Y., FEBRUARY 1, 18G2. 
THE WAR’S PROGRESS. 
FACTO, SCJCNTOS, INCIDENTS, ETC. 
Scent* of the Late Iln.utc in Kentucky. 
Tiir following description of the natural sur¬ 
roundings of the position recently hild by the rebel 
Zollicoffer, on the Cumberland river, will aid the 
general reader in obtaining a proper idea of the 
manner in which the battle was conducted, and a 
glorious victory for the Federal arms secured: 
It is well known that Gen Sclioeptf hae been sta- 
owu country on the fall of its liberties, lie took 
refuge in New York city. From there he went to 
Washington, and his great abilities and genius were 
discovered by Hon. Joseph Holt, who procured him 
a situation in one of the Departments, and was 
afterward the means of procuring him a command 
in the army. Absurd stories have been extensively 
circulated by the press about his being at. one time 
a porter in one of the hotels in New York; but in 
truth he never held any suoll position. He was 
appointed five months ago to Eastern Kentucky as 
Brigadier General, and was there first, brought into 
notice by the disastrous engagement and retreat at 
Wild Cat Gen. Schoeplt; however, was in no way 
to blame for that melancholy affair. His present 
victory will elevate his fame high in public estima¬ 
tion, and confirm the opinion of those who know 
that he is one of our most scientific and bravest sol¬ 
diers. 
Gen. Geo. II. Thomas is a native of Virginia, and 
graduated at West Point in 1840, entering the artil¬ 
lery. Ho was breveted 1st Lieutenant, for gallant 
service in Florida, Captain at Monterey, and Major 
at Buena Vista. He is now Colonel of the 5th Cav¬ 
alry U. S. A., and Brigadier General of Volunteers. 
When the rebel General Leo was in our army he 
was Colonel of the 2d Cavalry, and General Thomas 
was Major of the same regiment Both the Colonel 
and TileiitenentrColoncl resigning to enter this rebel 
service, Major Thomas became Colonel ot his regi¬ 
ment by regular promotion. Under the new organ¬ 
ization, his regiment became the 6th Cavalry. He 
is said to lie a gruff; tamed bear sort, of looking per¬ 
sonage, with a face bidden by a profuse growth ot 
“sandy " beard, and a manner that partakes rather 
of years command in camp than of the courtesies in 
the drawing-room, but that Is frank and direct 
Gen. Zollieofler, if antecedents are worth any¬ 
thing, instead of being in league with the enemies 
of the Union, should have been one of Us defenders. 
Politically he was a Whig. lie was a Conservative 
in his instincts, lie had fought the anarchists of his 
South-west, and we quote the following from the 
World in explanation of it, with the remark that it 
it works as well as it reads, it will be entirely satis¬ 
factory: 
General Buell will advance against General Sid¬ 
ney Johnson, whose forces ho outnumbers, with a 
A private of Co. G., 6th regiment, has just been 
carried to the hospital with a bad flesh wound in the 
right leg. lie was struck by a small fragment of 
a shell. 
The rebels have displayed increased strength. 
Several new batteries opened fire to-day, but there 
view to cut his way through and got possession of is evidently a scarcity of ammunition, for they reply 
the Virginia and East Tennessee Railroad, lie will but tardily to our guns. 
It is well known that Gen, Schoeptt has been sta- 0 wn State and the South all his life. Having turned that Ibe rebel generalF 
tioned, for the last three months, at the little town of bis back upon his own past, and the Government weaken their army al 
Somerset, Southeastern Kentucky, about six miles whicli hnd so generously befriended him, he died They will he more like 
north of the Cumberland river, with a force of some 
8,000 men under his command,—the object being to 
prevent the advance of the rebels any further north 
until such time as we were prepared to move on 
Tennessee, through Cumberland Gap. On the 
Cumberland river itself; and on both ot its banks, 
near directly south of Schoepff’s position, the rebel 
ZnlUcoflfer has for some time had his stronghold, 
with a force of about the same strength ns his adver¬ 
sary. About ten days ago, however, Zoli coder, 
dreading an assault, was ro-enforced by the division 
under the rebel Crittenden, (eldest son of Senator 
Crittenden.) who has lately been stationed at Knox¬ 
ville, Tenn., and still later at Cumberland Gap. 
Crittendon, being u Major-General, ranked Zolli* 
coder, who was only a. Brigadier, anil Consequently 
took command of the whole rebel force on the Cum¬ 
berland, numbering, probably, some 15.000 men. 
Previous to this junction, however, Gen. Buell had 
detached from his main hody a division under Gen, 
Thomas, to do tho very thing which Zollicoffer 
dreaded -attack him “in the rear." 
At the latest advices, our forces under Thomas 
had reached the town of Burkesville, on the Cum¬ 
berland river, about thirty miles southwest of wliftt, 
is known as “Zollieoff’er’s Den.” It was then ex¬ 
pected that Thomas would at once move lip the 
river on the rebels, and assault their works. Put¬ 
ting together the dispatches from Louisville and 
Cincinnati, it appears that the rebels were assailed 
by the combined forces, drfven from their fortifica¬ 
tion, and completely routed. It would seem that 
Zollicoffer first imprudently caino up on Saturday, 
the 18th, and assaulted our position in the vicinity 
of Somerset., but his army was repelled by Gen. 
Schoepff, and ho himself slain, liis forces were 
pursued, and a combined attack by Thomas and 
Sehoepfl' was next day made upon his works on the 
Cumberland river, which resulted in a complete and 
overwhelming victory for tho Union banner. 
The position of Zollicoffer on the Cumberland, 
was one of tho three great rebel sirongholds in 
Kentucky,— the first being at Columbus, in the 
extreme west, soon to be assailed by the great 
flotilla; the second, at Bowling Green, in Central 
Kentucky, now imminently menaced by Gen. Buell, 
and the third and most important of all, in the east, 
being the one which has just succumbed before our 
gallant, troops. Naturally, the latter position was 
the strongest of the three, and indeed it was, for 
defense, one of the very strongest points possible. 
Selecting the mountainous region on both sides of 
the Cumberland river, at a point where ils course 
runs from due south to due west, and where the 
hills, although immediately upon the banks, rise to 
an altitude of SOI), 850 and 400 feet above the level 
of the river, Zollicoffer occupied anil fortified these 
hills, commanding all approaches by the river from 
both directions, as well as through the valleys of the 
creeks on the north and 0,1 the south. Behind these 
immense natural and artificial defenses the rebels 
were posted, capable, apparently, of bidding defi¬ 
ance to any force. His forces on the north side of 
tho river, prior to his re-enforcement by Crittenden’s 
troops, consisted of six regiments, stationed on a 
height 4ii0 feet above tho river, commanding the 
approach from both directions; and on the south side, 
of four regimen Is, commanding the valley of Moa- 
don Creek, and a depression through the hills from 
tho south, about a mile to the west. « The geographi¬ 
cal positinu of this entrenchment is as follows:— 
From Somerset, about fifteen miles southwest; from 
Columbia, forty miles southeast, and about six 
miles below the head of steamboat navigation. The 
position commands all the coal mines, and many of 
the salt wcllfl south of the Cumberland- Unluckily 
(or the rebels, their main body moved out ot this 
strong post to assail our forces, and Gen. Thomas 
coming up opportunely as they began to fall back, 
he pursued them, and tho glorious victory chroni¬ 
cled is the result. 
The column of Gen. Thomas, when ho lelt Colum¬ 
bia to move forward, consisted of 15,000 well-ap¬ 
pointed men. They were nearly all Western troops 
mostly from Ohio, Indiana and Kentucky. In 
Gen. Sohoepff's Brigade were the two famous regi 
meals of East Tennessee, who have been burning 
for a light with their enemies and persecutors for 
nearly half a year. 
This victory opens the way for our gallant army 
of the West to penetrate into East Tennessee, 
through Cumberland Gap; and if promptly followed 
up to the capture of the Virginia and Fast Tennes¬ 
see Railroad, will wlllcomitcl the rebels to evacuate 
Bowling Qreen , ami will compel Beauregard to 
retire from Manassas. 
SKETCHEB OP PROMINENT ACTORS. 
Brig. Gen. Hoboepff, to whom this glorious Union 
victory is in a great measure duo, is a Hungarian 
officer of great distinction. Compelled to leave his 
^sg^jjgg 
miserably, his body left upon the field by his cow¬ 
ardly followers, and his memory tarnished by an 
ineffaceable stain. The first to invade Kentucky, he 
became one of the first victims of retributive jus¬ 
tice. lie was born in Mowry county, Tennessee, in 
1812. After receiving an academical education, lie 
entered a printing office; “served liis time at the 
case;” became an editor first of a newspaper at 
Parle, Tenn., afterwards of the Columbian Observe r, 
then of the Nashville Banner, Tie was successively 
elected State Printer, Comptroller, and State Sena¬ 
tor. In 1853 ho was elected Representative t.o Con¬ 
gress, wbeie be continued to serve until tho break¬ 
ing out of the rebellion. 
Later particulars of the Battle of Somerset, state 
that Bailie Peyton, as well as Zollicoffer, was killed, 
and his body left on the field. Mr. P. was a Ten¬ 
nessean—son of the distinguished Congressman of 
that name. __ 
Tlic Fight at. Prestonhurg, Ky. 
Capt. Wtt.T.ARo, of Co. F, 42d Ohio regiment, 
was in Cleveland on the 16th, and detailed many 
incidents connected with the battle at Prestonburg, 
to the editor of the Herald. Capt. W. was on the 
sick list at the date of tho fight, and did not, there¬ 
fore, participate; but being only a few miles distant, 
was witness to many occurrences. 
Prestonburg is about twelve miles beyond Paint- 
ville. After the cavalry skirmish at the latter place, 
Col. Garfield pushed on With the advance of his 
brigade for Prestonburg. Before reaching that 
place he found the enemy posted on and behind a 
range of hills. The Federal force forming tho 
advaneo was less than seven hundred, but Colonel 
Garfield at once prepared to make an attack. A 
body of tho enemy was posted on a commanding 
hill, and it became necessary to dislodge them. The 
14th Kentucky volunteered for the service, as they 
knew the nature of the ground, Said Col. Garfield, 
“Go in, boys, give them Hail Columbia!” Tho hill 
was cleared, and soon the reserve of the brigade 
came in at a double quick. When he saw them, Col. 
Garfield pulled off his coat and flung it up In the 
air, where it lodged in a tree, out of reach. The 
men threw up their caps with a wild shout, and 
rushed at the enemy, Col. Garfield, in his shirt 
sleeves, leading the way. As the Federal troops 
reached the top of the hill a rebel officer shouted, in 
surprise, “Why, how many of you are there?” 
“ Twenty-Eve thousand men,” yelled a Kentucky 
Union officer, rushing at the rebel. In an instant 
the rebels broke and ran in utter confusion. 
Several instances of personal daring and coolness 
are related. A member of Captain Bush noil's com¬ 
pany in tho 42d was about to bite a cartridge, when 
a musket ball struck the cartridge from his fingers. 
Coolly lacing the direction from which the shot 
came, he took out another cartridge and exclaimed, 
“ You can't do that again, old fellow.” 
Capt. Willard says that the two men killed on our 
side were Kentuckians. The loss of the enemy is 
not known. In addition to the twenty-seven bodies 
found on the field, a number of human bodies were 
found in several of the houses burned by the rebels 
in their retreat from Prestonburg. The rebels 
burned most of their camp equipage and baggage. 
Some arms loll into the possession of our forces, and 
a large number of knapsacks and overcoats. The 
property found was wretchedly poor, the coats being 
made almost entirely of cotton. 
Prestonburg is now held by a detachment of our 
forces, the main body being encamped al Paintville, 
where there is better camping ground. 
The Louisvillo Journal speaks thus of Col. Gar¬ 
field:—There has been no more brilliant movement 
since the rebellion broke out. Colonel Garfield 
was expecting tho arrival of Col. Lindsay’s regiment 
at Paintville, and several regiments under General 
Cox, but with daring bravery he led his inferior 
numbers against Marshall, drove him before him for 
three days and completely routed him, “horse, foot, 
and dragoons." On Saturday last- we stated that our 
friends anticipated by the loth to the 12th reaching 
Marshall's position and compelling him to fight; and 
on that very day, the 11 111, tin; Stars uml Stripes were 
floating victoriously over the town of Prestonburg. 
For wo 11-concerted strategy, celerity of movement, 
and recklessness of opposing odds, Got Garfield cer¬ 
tainly beara off the palm. It is to be hoped that this 
second repulse of tho rebels from Big Sandy will 
convince them that it is useless to contend against 
loyally on the soil of Kentucky. 
The Struiegic l’lnn of Gen. McClellan. 
The New York World gives a plan of the cam¬ 
paign which it says “ Gen. McClellan seems to have 
adopted,” and which it thinks will be attended with 
decisive results, and bring the war to a speedy issue. 
This grant strategic plan is to be developed in the 
thns intercept the supplies of tho army at Manassas, 
which all come from the South-west, The attain- h 
merit of this cardinal advantage is the object of all « 
the military operations in the West, A powerful fi 
armament will proceed down the Mississippi from l 
St. Louis and Cairo, and give full employment to all t 
the forces oi the rebel General Polk, and prevent | 
any of his troops being sent into Fast Tennessee to I 
meet the advance of General Buell and obstruct the 1 
consummation of the capital part of the operations f 
intrusted to him. 1 
The rebel generals at Manassas, seeing their com- t 
municatiou with their supplies threatened, will he 
compelled to do one of these three, things: They t 
will either (1) send a large force by railroad into < 
East Tennessee to thwart General Buell, or (2) 
they will withdraw their whole army southward, or 
(3) they will make a desperate push toward the 1 
Potomac, and offer immediate battle to General ' 
McClellan. If they adopt the first of these expedi¬ 
ents, they will l>e so weakened that Generals Banks ( 
and Stone can safely push forward lluur columns in 1 
a flank movement, on Manassas, if (he rebels come * 
out to meet this, General McClellan immediately 
marches to Manassas and takes it. If tho rebels 
should withdraw their thin army from Manassas 
southward, (which is highly improbable,) the seve- 1 
ml coastwise expeditions, particularly that of Con. 1 
Burnside, will be beforehand with them, having 
penetrated inland and destroyed the railroad com- 1 
tun nicat ions. 
Considering the danger that would follow the first, 
of the movements above indicated, and the disgrace 
that would attend the second, it is more probable 
that (be rebel generals will think it impolitic to 
weaken their army at Manassas by dispersion. 
They will he more likely to keep it together, and 
advance toward the Potomac and give battle. This 
course would appear to their own people more bold 
and heroic; it tins, at least, as many chances of suc¬ 
cess as either of the others; and success in this 
would lie worth infinitely more to them in every 
point of view. They cannot weaken their army at 
Manassas without being compelled to abandon the 
position. They cannot retain their army there 
without losing their communications both with the 
South-west, the source of their supplies, and with 
the Southern Atlantic coast, which would then lie at 
the mercy of tho expeditions wo are sending thither 
by sea. General McClellan’s comprehensive find 
masterly strategy will, in all humnn probability, 
compel them to advance and give battle, lit 1 is fully 
prepared for them; but it is not probable that he 
will repel them and put them to rout without terri¬ 
ble fighting. The rebels will feel that they are a 
forlorn hope, and will light with the desperation of 
devils. 11 they succeed, they will expect to take 
Washington, and bring Maryland into their Confed¬ 
eracy; if they fail, their retreat will be cut off both 
to the South-west and the South, and they must 
either surrender Or disperse. 
Tho I.ale IVnnn.colli Ttrunlisirdmenl. 
From the correspondence of the N. Y. Commer¬ 
cial Advertiser we gather the following intelligence 
relative to the renewal of hostilities between 
Pickens and Pensacola: 
Fort Ptckkss. January 1 —2 M. 
A shot has just been tired from Battery Lincoln 
at the steam tug Noafie, which is steaming away 
from the navy yard towards Pensacola. Battery 
Cameron also has fired a shell, which exploded over 
the navy yard. 
3I’.M.— The firing has ceased. Several round 
shot were sent after tho Neafie as she slowly got 
away, but the distance was so great that probably 
none of them took effect. 
The 10-inch Columbiad at the navy yard replied 
to our fire, without doing any damage. The last 
shot was from this side. 
A half hour's interval of silence. There seems no 
disposition on the part of Gen. Bragg to reply. 
Justus! was about to cease writing, the tiring 
commenced again from the enemy’s batteries along 
the beach, and was immediately replied to from our 
side. There is every prospect of a general engage¬ 
ment. 
G P. M.— Since throe o’clock the firing has been 
continuous. Batteries Lincoln, Cameron, Scott and 
Sutton are paying their warmest, respects to Gen. 
Bragg. All the large guns on the fort are ulso em¬ 
ployed. 
I have just returned to quarters from Battery 
Lincoln, The men employed in working tho large 
gun there, a detachment of regulars, with Company 
G, of the 6th regiment New York volunteers, are 
in the highest spirits, jumping up on the sanjl bugs 
whenever a shot Is fired, and cheering most vocifer¬ 
ously as they observe its effect on the other side. 
On the top of the battery a llagstuff had just been 
erected, as l arrived. In a moment or two a shell 
from the other side exploded over the heads of the 
gunners. No one was injured, and quickly up wont 
a Hag, and as the stars and stripes waved forth to 
the breeze, a joyous shout boro defiance over the 
waters to the enemy. 
At batlory Cameron a rilled gun is most efficiently 
worked, and is playing havoc with the navy yard. 
Bt battery Scott a GO-pouudcr Parrot gun is pay¬ 
ing its respects to Fort McRae and the water battery 
on (he beach I toy Olid. Every shot must toll fear¬ 
fully, for this is the most effective gun on the island. 
Battery Sutton has a largo lO-incli mortar, and a 
12-inch also, both of which are being worked. Much 
better gunnery is witnessed than at the first bom¬ 
bardment 
Many of the enemy’s shells fall within the fort. 
Ours are aimed with great precision, and drop into 
the navy yard and the batteries along the beach, in 
a way to mako them uncomfortable, to say the least. 
The amount of damage cannot be known, as the 
effect of the shots is uot immediately soon. Oue 
battery, the second below tbe navy yard, has not 
fired a shot since one of our shells dropped in it, 
and exploded. Doubtless the gun is dismounted. 
8 P. M.—The tiring since dark has Blackened up 
ou both sides; the mortars, however, still continue 
at work. The sudden flush of light as a mortar is 
discharged, the glimmering of the fuse as the shell 
slowly revolves iu its passage through the air, and 
the final explosion, all can be seen from any of tho 
adjoining sand hills, and form truly a brilliant sight. 
The Cth regiment, with the exception of two com¬ 
panies that are employed at the batteries, are 
ensconsed safely behind the Band hills above their 
A mortar battery, cast of the large marine 
hospital, which the rebels claim is occupied by their 
sick, and over which the yellow flag floats, continues 
firing away every half hour. Its proximity to tho 
hospital is such, that fragments of shell thrown at 
the battery might easily, if the explosion taken 
place before the shell reaches the ground, strike the 
building. Should this happen, doubtless General 
Bragg will again assert that Col. Brown has been 
guilty of firing upon the hospital. Has ho the 
hardihood to expect that his batteries will be pio- 
tocted by the yellow flag? 
As l write, 1 see through the door of my tent that 
tho sky, in the direction of the navy yard, is lumin¬ 
ous with flames. 
Fort PlCKRNS, Jan(ia rj 2 — 10 A M. 
The tiring was kept up until 4 o’clock this morn¬ 
ing and then ceased, as a dense log had settled down 
over all the enemy's works as well as over our own. 
The navy yard was in (lames all night. The amount 
of damage cannot be seen. It is reported that the 
Fulton, a new steamer on the stocks there, is 
destroyed. 
The fog has just cleared away, revealing the long 
line of batteries on the opposite shore. The rebels 
have evidently been repairing damages during 
arbitrary control of legal machinery, by which tho 
property of one citizen is illegally and despotically 
taken from him, without adequate compensation, 
while that, of another is paid tor at enormous prices, 
and the most profligate abuse ol authority generally 
in every department, is the rule.” 
From a copy of the Memphis Appeal we make the 
following extracts of a report of a safety meeting 
held in that city a few days since: 
Mr. A. I’. Merrill, the Chairman, in slating the 
object of the gathering, said that after a few montlm 
of preparation we found ourselves in great, jeopard v 
in reference to the defence of the Mississippi Val¬ 
ley. Our force was nut large enough to protect the 
oily. The time had come when we had to endanger 
oar own lives in the defence of our firesides. Fverv 
house had arms to use when Ihe enemy approached, 
hut it was a sad mistake to suppose thill Memphis 
was to lie successfully defended when the enemy 
had passed Fort Billow. Every one who Into a gun 
should eilhor use it himself or give if to some one 
who would use it. The enemy is marching upon us 
in immense force, and with iron fleets, atul we owe 
it to ourselves to make preparations to assist our 
friends who are struggling for our defence. 
Mr. Watson then came forward and said, that 
%hile at Columbus he matin particular inquiries of 
mr officers arid men, and all Concur in one senti¬ 
ment, and urge upon us to come into the army and 
assist them. They had had a terrible battle, and 
(bund that the enemy they had to meet there was a 
different.sort of material from there motnt Mantissas, 
Bull Run, and Leesburg. They were men who 
would light face to face until the last man was slain, 
as was shown in the fact that one whole regiment 
was cut down except, forty-three men. * * * 
Tho presumption now is, that Lincoln’s forces will 
be sent down the Mississippi from the Kentucky 
side. They arc expected to come down from Cairo 
and Faducnh, and flank ns on the rigid, and left. If 
tho night, anticipating a renewal of the fight this succeed in flanking Col Bowen, they have only 
- ”11 lew miles to go to tear up the railroad, thus cutting 
morning. off our subsistence supplies, and taking Columbus 
At Fort Pickens the havoc made by the enemy’s without firing a gun. * * * When the enemy' 
shells does uot equal that of the first bombardment, takes Columbus, it is folly to talk about saving 
~ „„ , . . . Memphis. I here is not ail artillery com puny hut 
One gun, u 32-pounder, mounted on the parapet, w | m f; ,. ail p|, f j accommodations for fitly men. Go 
was dismounted, but as this gun has not been in use, and help tho flying artillery—go and hefp the heavy 
and was not needed, it was a trifling matter. artillery. Fori Pillow has' not enough men to man 
Th„ only man in tho on- , h.™ .Irani, «» 
mentioned; his wound is somewhat more sonouH where the tight ia to be -Columbus and Feliciana— 
than at first supposed. It is quite likely an ainputo- and attempt to keep them from flunking Bowen and 
tion of the leg may bo necessary. J ,. ... ,. . 
.. „ ' , , . , , , „ . Mr. Howard then name forward and briefly but 
Many ol t.hoeuotnys round shot and shell struck f orf .jl,jy addressed the meeting. He said we ought 
the fort, and exploded around within the walls, to fight, the enemy at Columbus; for when they 
scattering the bricks, and plowing up the sand in passed Fort Pillow he was willing, for one, to make 
/Ht,,.imr, a Moscow of Memphis. Ho feared that there were 
c Y 1 '■ • ihoseamongoswliooughtnottobehere. Ourmovo- 
It would require weeks of steady firing to breach mon j H were a ]| known to (he enemy. Wo ought to 
Pickens, and even this accomplished, bags of wind organize, jmd if we have no guns, go up as a blank 
ore always ready with which to close an aperture of regiment ami * : »K<• the guns ol the enemy an they 
. ‘ r fall, lie thought we had about 4,flop men in our 
any size. The rebels can expect nothing from a oify who could he spared to fight at Columbus. 
bombardment. They exhaust their ammunition .. ,.... . . , .. .. ,, . 
.. • ,. .. , The Mobile nrt/isfer and Aar-erhser ol December 
without obtaining any satlslactory results. ... . , .. . 
, r i ,, , . .list, comments thus upon the situation of affairs in 
Upon our side, heretofore and now, all has been . „ 
accomplished that could reasonably bo expected, „., 
, ' , , . , , It seems to be the popular impression—we sex; it 
Their steamers havo been crippled, the navy yard in men * H fat . e8 w ]„. n ' w ', 0 ()o IU) |, h,. ar it j„ their 
has been nearly destroyed, or left in such a eondi- words—that (he military affairs of the Confederacy 
tion as to be'useless to them, and several of their are not very cheering 'just now. We may chiefly 
„ account for this tore of feeling by the met. that somo 
guns havi bu n silenced. time has elapsed since mir arms have achieved any 
Tho light liutLsc in undermined, bo that a very hucoosh ol' mu me tit. Thus victories Boom, at tho 
little thing would send it toppling over. This is first, glance, to be as touch the cause as the conse- 
not desired, however; it would have received no in- quenceof pafiioti: m. But because when our arms 
........ are glonoim with triumph our patriotism eflnlges, 
jury, had not a battery been planted just before it- and wo 8W enr most enthusiastically by the “Stars 
Every preparation has been made at the batteries and Pairs "one man must. not. inter from the quietude 
'• '«>■■»'•»* <0 
answer the tire <>r the enemy; not to commence. 1 i,„ r rahing over a fresh success of arms. 
think it more than likely that hostilities will cease The ufl’nir al Draiiusville contributed its mite to 
the depression of public spirit. We are bo unused 
* ' ' to adversity ttuR anything which is not brilliant 
success seems defeat. There the invading enemy 
•onilcni'v «t the South Rebel <Jonfcte»iunn. seems defeat. There Ihe invading enemy slew Col. 
Despomlenre nl the South— Rcbul 
The Richmond (Va.) Examiner of the 2d inst, Terry, as noble and brave a man as wears the Con- 
... . ,, • .. i .. ... fed orato un dorm, ni the i>h«h ol (j rocri River. Iney 
publishes a rather curious article, Irom which we ^ av(1 ( . r()KKm i Q ia (, river, which many thought would 
extract the following: , he their Styx, and are advancing in force. In Mis- 
he year closed under gloomy auspices, with a ®" ,,r b too, onr banner reems to trail; fur the tele- 
• If il Hiiii n/»wvi1 !<• imrt ti diviufltnv* in M?k- iTHlT)!) tolls 118 I VU-'O 18 III lull lOtnut.. IHM OHO 
The year closed under gloomy auspices, with a *oo* our nanner seems io irau; luruie ieie- 
ohock at Drainesville, and a rumored disaster in Mis- g ,- n.ph toH a us I ru e i» in toll retreat.. 1 bus one 
Bouri. The year which yesterday began haw opened enemy seems to lie progressing along our nOithem 
with evil tidings. We fear that there is no doubt of frontier, while all around us lie lords it on our 
the fact, that the Northern Union lias consented to ?•>««'«• organizes his expeditions on Our soil, and 
the surrender of Mason and Slidell; ami with that threatens us with iurther invasion. These are tho 
enemy seems to be progressing along our northern 
frontier, while all around ns ho lords it on our 
event all hope of an immediate alliance between Eng¬ 
land and Inc Southern Confederacy must cense. 
The present condition of our army is a cause of 
severe and painful anxiety. * * There in loo 
much drunkenness among thn officers on the Poto¬ 
mac, and too much vacant idling among the men. 
We are informed, as a positive fai l, I lull in the 
majority of the army on the Potomac, the practice 
of regimental drills Inis fallen into complete disuse. 
* ‘ * What can lie predicted but utter demorali¬ 
zation for an army whose condition is that of tens of 
thousands of men living in utter idleness, groveling 
in their louts, with no other occupation than wlmt is 
afforded by the greasy pack of cards that is the inev 
points of the situation. 
A lull, u pause, a suspense exists, preceded by 
minor events, which cause a feeling uf apprehension 
more than of confidence as to the future. We 
know that the enemy are in great power ami medi¬ 
tate mischief, and feel that ere long their blows, the 
heaviest of Ihe war, must fall. We trust that their 
hammer will strike our anvil; lint we arc not sure, 
for we a re in doubt whether at some points there is 
an anvil to meet the hummer. These points can 
only be on our coast, for we are ready to meet their 
worst ut Manassas, in Central Kentucky, and at 
Columbus, and also at most points on Ihe coast 
But we do not. know with • tint ovcrwhelruing force 
tUMPI tll-ll If y III* 1 I / vl\J IV VVI V.llVID .. . , I | * » ^ 
itable inmate of every lent, or the yellow-covered >'7 " oL ™ ak V »“ onslaught, at some unpro¬ 
novel, whose wretched and perhaps fiHby entertain- h'/aed noint, and g un a success to inspint thun and 
mcnl has more than once gone the rounds of the dupinl us. Let oh rerncmltor, however, that our 
contpany. 
We cannot shut our eyes to the fact that the army 
is becoming a name uf terror and dread to the minds 
of our citizens. The newspapers are still Ailed with 
advertisements ol bonuses lor “substitutes,'’ although 
the War Department has adopted a rule restricting 
the number of substitutes to one in ouch company. 
The rates paid for substitutes are enormous. We 
are informed that they average from two hundred to 
two hundred and titty dollars; and wo have been 
told of a recent instance where fifteen hundred dol¬ 
lars were paid for the prompt procurement of a sub¬ 
stitute to take tbe place of a private suddenly con¬ 
strained to leave tliu army. Evidences stare us in 
the face of the unwillingness of men to accept the 
life of famine, din, and vacant idleness in the army. 
Richmond is tilled with soldiers who have come out 
of the hospitals, or who have got here on some pre¬ 
tence ur other, applying for discharges, and striving 
and wriggling in all sort- of ways to gel out of the 
army, it was but a few days ngo that, a soldier, dis¬ 
charged from one of the hospitals here, committed 
suicide rather than be constrained to return to tho 
army. 
So long as the armies of the Union and the Con¬ 
federacy aro both composed of recruits, we stand in 
no danger, and need entertain no apprehensions. 
The dark hour of our trial has not yet come. It will 
come whenever McClellan has succeeded in con¬ 
verting his Yankees into the involuntary machines 
known to the military science as regiments, brigades, 
and divisions. 
The Examiner concludes by hinting that certain 
of their leaders aro already “meditating the means 
ot escaping the penalties of rebellion," complaining 
of appointments, and growling generally, with the 
significant declaration — “ Revolutions are epidemi¬ 
cal. And revolutions never go backward." 
Tbe Richmond Enquirer is in no better condition 
than its neighbor, the Examiner, if the following is 
any indication:- “There is a sum lire aspect, on many 
faces; and the belief prevails that if tho war is not 
determination in the proroeulinn of this War is not 
dependent on vicleries, though theirs may be. If 
every battle ended in our dclotit, wo must still offer 
battle, and make new sacrifices ot slaughter upon 
the alter of independence. If we could not win 
that inevitable goal of our effort by defeating tho 
enemy, wo could do it by exhausting him by his 
very victories. Wars have been so won. “Livoor 
die,' survive or perish," we are “for independence.” 
Ilenurcgard on the Bailie of Manassas. 
At a select dinner party tendered to General 
Beauregard upon New Year’s day, in reply to 
a complimentary toast, Gen. B. made a speech, 
which was sent to the New Orleans Delta for publi¬ 
cation Ivy the reporter of.that journal. We copy bis 
remarks to show how slight a cause may turn the 
tide of battle; and how even the most calculating 
commanders may waver between hope of victory 
and fears of defeat, even on the best planned and 
best contested fields. 
The closing sentence is a puzzle,- wlmt does 
Beauregard mean? Some of the leading Southern 
papers aro propounding this query, but as yet havo 
failed to elicit any response, la if tho mere expres¬ 
sion of a humane desire to avoid bloodshed, or does 
it intimate dimly some dream of adjustment, recon¬ 
ciliation, and rc-union? But we leave the reader to 
his ms n speculations, on the following speech oi tho 
General: 
On the 21stof July, at about, three and a half 
o’clock, or perhaps I'oiir, it seemed to me the victory 
was already within our grasp. In liiet, up to that 
moment, 1 had never wavered in the conviction that 
triumph must crown our arms. Nor was my confi¬ 
dence shaken until, at the time 1 have mentioned, I 
observed ou the extreme left, at the distance of 
something more than a mile, a column of men ap¬ 
proaching. At (heir head was a flag which 1 could 
not distinguish Even with the aid ol a strong 
waged in earliest we are doomed, and that Virginia | V \ ,is tumble to determine whether it was tho 
and all the Border States must inevitably be re-oceu- United Sta es flag Or the Confederate flag. At the 
pled by the Federal authorities. But we differ from same moment t received a dispatch from Captain 
•.. *» - "*r‘ f r i,iDion -'ilif 
think the army will not Biibmit, whatever may Is; appr oaching from that, direction, and that it was 
ihe stipulations of others. supposed lobe General I’aUersou’s command com- 
The New Orleans / rue Delta says that the so- ,, liy mnnu>nt | nillst OQufera, my heart failed 
called Confederate Government is a vast machine mK i came reluctantly to the conclusion that, after 
for robbing the people. “ Buehanunism "—such is all our efforts, we should at last compelled to 
fX|ir 08 Hiv,> „, im „ b, which the NOW Orh*. 'J 
journal designates the system of organized public „p, m)ac hing column, but mv anximw inquiry was 
plunder—“ Buehanunism is in full and magnificent unproductive of result—could not lull to which army 
development, the machinery to conduct it is perfect, the waving banner belonged. At this tiuio all the 
... .i,i. ri„. members ot my staff were absent, having liecn dis- 
a complete espionage over the telegraph, thecxei- with Orders to various points. The only 
cine of unregulated and unrestrained power over person with me was the gallant officer who has 
the export toad® of the country, tho unlimited and recently distinguished himself by a brilliant teat of 
and exploded. Doubtless the guu is dismounted. ^ u ‘ faint-hearted in one respect ol opinion. \\ o 
8 P. M.—The firing since dark has slackened up think the army will not submit, whatever may be 
ou both sides; the mortars, however, still continue the stipulations of others. 
ut, work. The sudden flash of light as a mortar is The New Orleans True Delta says that the so- 
discharged. the glimmering of tho fuse os tho shell called Confederate Government is a vast machine 
slowly revolves in its passage through the air, aud for robbing the people. “ Buchanamsm " — such is 
the final explosion, all can be seen from any of the tho expressive name by which the New Orleans 
adjoining sand hills, and form truly a brilliant sight, journal designates the system of organized public 
The Cth regiment, with the exception of two com- plunder—“ Buehanunism is in full and magnificent 
panics that are employed at the batteries, are development, the machinery to conduct it is perfect, 
ensconsed safely behind the sand hills above their a complete espionage over the telegraph, the cxer- 
camp. The 75th is up the island, out of the way of rise of unregulated and unrestrained power over 
the falling sheila. the export trade of the countiy, the unlimited and 
