South. In January, 1861, when only a few persons 
here foresaw the issue of war, he warned the lead¬ 
ing men of New Orleans, on (he occasion of a visit 
there, of the consequences of their mad folly. 
“You are going to iuvolve us in a war," he said, 
“and you will he beaten. One Northern man can 
whip two of your people." They didn't like it, but 
Burnside's eye warned them that ho was a man 
with whom it would not bo pleasant to quarrel. 
We cannot conclude this littlo sketch without 
adding that, as in all well-ordered stories, the rogue 
Floyd made nothing by his rascality. Jeff. Davis, 
then chairman of the Senate Committee on Military 
Affairs, found him out, aud was so disgusted that he 
introduced—solely for the purpose of heading off 
Floyd —a bill to prohibit the purchase of patented 
arms for the United States army. Ho explained the 
motive of the bill privately to the leaders of both 
Houses, and it became a law, greatly to Floyd's 
discomfiture, as may be imagined. We do not envy 
Brigadier-General Floyd if, in the course of the 
war, he should happen to meet his old acquaintance, 
the gallant Brigadier-General Burnside. 
Our map shows that portion of the Atlantic to 
which Burnside is now directing public attention. 
Fortress Monroe, at tire North, is in the command 
of General John E. Wool. Norfolk is held by the 
rebel IIuuer. Sewall’s Point runs up north of 
Norfolk, toward Fortress Monroe, and defends the 
entrance to that city. The great Sounds, Pamlico 
and Albemarle, are finely delineated, and Roanoke 
Island, an account ot the capture of which was 
given in lust week’s Rural, occupies an important 
strategic position between them. 
Gen. Burnside possesses so much of the “go- 
ahead" in his composition, and having been largely 
re-enforced, we may look for stirring times in his 
command. Our readers will be enabled to fully 
trace his movements, by using the map for reference. 
BRIG.-GEN. BURNSIDE AND HIS FIELD OF OPERATIONS 
50, containing 200 cells. The University of Nash¬ 
ville was founded in 1806. The Medical College 
connected with the University was opened in 1851; 
it occupies a capacious building, and has about 100 
students. There are also a number of female semi¬ 
naries, the largest of which is attended by above 
300 pupils. About 12 newspapers are published 
here, 5 or 6 of which are dailies. Natliville contains 
3 banks, with a total capital of $5,181,500, and about 
14 churches. The mineral cabinet of the late Dr. 
Trooat contains the largest private collection in the 
United States. The Cumberland river is crossed 
by a magnificent wire suspension bridge, recently 
built at a cost of $100,000. The city Is lighted with 
gas, and supplied with water raised from the Cum¬ 
berland river. Nashville has expended large sums 
in the construction of macadamized turnpikes, 8 of 
which radiate in different directions. The river is 
navigable during high water by large steamboats 
from its mouth to this point, and a number of splen¬ 
did packets are owned here. The shipping of the 
port, June 30, 1852, amounted to an aggregate of 
4,083 tuns, enrolled and licensed, all of which were 
employed in steam navigation. During the year, 5 
steamboats, with an aggregate burthen of 4705 tuns 
were admeasured. This city is the center of an 
active trade, and the seat of manufactures of various 
kinds. Nashville is the terminus of tire Nashville 
and Chattanooga Railroad, 150 miles long, which 
was finished in 1852, at an expense of about $3,000,- 
000. The road is built in a very substantial man¬ 
ner, and completes the connection with Charleston 
and Savannah. The construction of this railroad 
has greatly enhanced the value of property, and 
has given a vigorous impulse to tho prosperity aud 
improvement of the place. Other railroads have 
been commenced, which will connect this city with 
Louisville, Memphis, New Orleans, Ac. Population 
in 1845, 12,000; in 1853, about 20,000. 
Florence. — This town, which the Federal gun 
boats visited in their dashing exploit up tho Ten¬ 
nessee, after the capture of Fort Henry, is at the 
hoad of navigation, three hundred miles from Padu¬ 
cah, and contains about 2,000 inhabitants. It is the 
capital of Lauderdale county. Alabama, and is situ¬ 
ated at the foot ot Muscle Shoals, nearly opposite 
Tuscumbia, and 250 miles northwest of Montgomery, 
the whilom capital of the Confederacy. It. is about 
300 miles from the mouth of the river. The river 
here is about half a mile wide, and is crossed by a 
flue bridge. The route of the Memphis and Charles¬ 
ton railroad is within a short distance of this place. 
It has several public buildings, including three large 
brick churches. 
The rnbst important fact in connection with the 
town, is, however, that it is the principal shipping 
point for the produce of the country and the adja¬ 
cent parts of Tennessee. The amount of cotton 
raised in the vicinity is very large. Lauderdale 
county produces from 10,000 to 12,000 bales of 
ginned cotton of 400 pounds. Franklin county, 
on the other side of the river, produces over 
15,000 bales. Cotton is also produced to some 
extent in Tennessee, on the line of the river. There 
are two large cotton factories on Cypress creek, 
three miles from the place, having a capital of $45,- 
000 each. Shoal creek, nine miles distant, also gives 
motion to a cotton factory which cost $60,000. 
Its white was made of Northern (snows 
Where first the English Pilgrims trod 
That ice-girt Rock, from whence arose 
Their grateful hearts to God. 
Then in a fair and sunny land, 
Freedom's inspiring spirit glowed; 
And from the -South's impassioned heart 
The crimson life blood flowed. 
God saw 'twas good., and o'er its folds 
A vail of heavenly azure threw; 
(Bright angels came, aud wondering, 
With starry eyes looked through. 
Charmed with tho young world of the free, 
O'er palmy groves, o'er mountain wild, 
They bore the flag of Liberty, 
While new-born angels smiled. 
It* Stripes can never fade or die; 
By shining forms ’tis guarded yet; 
And never from its holy sky 
One radiant Star shall set.” 
ROCHESTER, N. Y., MARCH 1, 1862, 
THE WAR’S PROGRESS, 
The Republic not »i Failure. 
From a fine article in the Presbyterian Quarterly 
Review for January we extract the following as a 
response to the hasty and ungenerous outcry of 
English aristocrats that the Republic has failed: 
“ The twenty millions of the North this day are as 
obedient to the law as any twenty millions on earth, 
and need far less force to keep them in order than 
the inhabitants of the British Isles. What means 
this trash then about the tepublieau bubble being 
burst because certain slaveholders have rebelled 
against a Government that was unly too mild and 
gentle towards them? Wo should like to hear the 
laugh of derision that would break from Massachu¬ 
setts to California, over tho mountains of Pennsyl¬ 
vania and tho prairies of Illinois, at the suggestion 
that, republicanism being a failure, we had better 
set up some English cockney as our King! The 
bubble burst, indeed! Docs not New York stand 
shoulder to shoulder with Indiana? Is not Ver¬ 
mont side by side with Oregon? Is not Michigan 
encamped close by Pennsylvania? Does one North¬ 
ern State hold back its contingent? Do they not 
volunteer from mountain and plain, valley and 
stream, city and village? What solitary State is 
backward? Name ill Such an army of volunteers 
never sprang on foot in eight months since the 
world began. And if Congress wants an army as 
large as thftfe of Xerxes, they have only to say the 
word, The bubble burst! Why. twenty millions of 
people are moved by a single impulse. 
Not oue of them can raise his eyes to our Ameri¬ 
can flag without haviug them dimmed with moisture, 
and not a sister whoso countenance does not beam 
with joy that her brother is going into tho very 
midst of danger. There is no thought or feeling 
upon us but an infinite spontaneity of patriotism. 
In Philadelphia every soldier that passes through 
the city—and they come by tens of thousands—is 
fed without money and without price, not by the 
Government, but by the free hands and hearts of 
loving countrymen. And all over the North the 
busy hands of women are sewing and knitting for 
our soldiers, garments by the thousand being given 
without thought of reward. The very atmosphere 
is radiant with patriotism; the children fill the air 
with strains of our national songs; every banner is 
a sacrament; heavy rifled cannon are looked upon 
as something endeared to us; and our great naval 
castles are our pride and joy. Never was every 
form of authority more implicitly obeyed. From 
our young General-in-Chief to the humblest cor¬ 
poral. from the President to the policeman pacing 
the streets, the power of law, military and civil, is 
recognized, and the only strife is as to who can 
most thoroughly yield himself up a sacrifice for his 
country. We tell the London Times , wo inform 
Buhver Lyttun, that Greece, at tho battle of Mara¬ 
thon. or when Leonidas fell at the Pass of Ther¬ 
mopylae, was not so united, so disinterested, or so 
obedient to the laws as America is now. 
I3TJ RN SIDE. 
to bring his weapon to perfection. He was a ruined 
man. He returned to New York without occupa¬ 
tion, without money, and with heavy debts pressing 
for payment. 
Harper's Weekly stales it to be a fact that, a few 
days after the discovery ot Floyd’s treachery, he 
walked up the Bowery as bravely as ho would have 
Walked up to a hostile battery, entered a Jew cloth¬ 
ing-store, and sold his uniform and sword for some¬ 
thing like thirty dollars; handing this, and some 
twenty dollars more, to his wife, lie kept half as 
much for himself, and went to the West in search of 
employment. There he had tho good luck to meet 
with the President of the Illinois Central, who, at 
once struck with the remarkable merit of the man, 
offered him a post in that Company's service, by the 
side of the present General McClellan. lie 
served the Illinois Central until the outbreak of the 
war; and we hope that we may bo forgiven for 
adding that, nnlil recently—when a fortunate legacy 
AMBROSE K 
We take pleasure in laying before our readers 
the portrait of Brigadier-General Amrrose Ever¬ 
ett Buunstpe, U. S. Army, one of our most gallant 
officers, and refer our readers to the Rural of Jan. 
18th, present volume, for au extended biographical 
sketch. In connection with his portrait, however, 
we give some incidents of his career, which exhibit 
the characteristics of the man. Some six or seven 
years since, he invented a rifle of peculiar merit, 
and, resigning his rank in the army, (which was 
that of Lieutenant,) devoted his whole time to his 
invention. At that period it was intended to arm 
the United States army with someimproved weapon, 
and several inventors competed for the prize. 
Among others, Burnside’s rifle was the subject of 
many tests, and, in the opinion of good judges, was 
the best of the many pieces offered to the War 
Department. The inventor had reason to believe 
that it would be the one chosen; he had, it is said, 
assurances to that effect from John B. Floyd, then 
The Deserted Rebel Forts at Bowling Green. 
The streets of Bowling Green run southwest 
from the river for about a mile, and at right angles 
for about three-fourths of a mile, being intercepted 
on the southeast by a range of prominent hills, 
familiarly known by tho citizens as College Hills. 
Upon the most northern one of this range, which 
runs in the form of a crescent northeast and south¬ 
west, the foundation of an extensive building was 
found standing by Buckner, and taken possession of 
for military purposes. 
On the northeastern boundary of the city is ano¬ 
ther prominent peak, known as “ Mount Airy," the 
residence of Warner L. Underwood, Esq., a mein- 
tor of the Kentucky Legislature. This point is 
east of the river. To the north of the town, and 
beyond Barren river, is “Baker's Hill," a knob 
encircled by the horse-shoe bend in the river, and 
around which the turnpike, on the one side and rail¬ 
road on the other, wind, and thencorun north, inter¬ 
secting three miles from the city and two miles 
from “Baker's Hill.” Two small hills west of 
“ Baker's Hill” have also been fortified. They are 
known as “ Erie’s" and “Webb’s Hills." Beyond 
the river, and directly west of the city, is Judge 
“Underwood's Hill." To the southeast there are 
no knob?—and it is upon this side that tho weak¬ 
ness of the position is found. 
Upon,the “College” range of hills, to the south¬ 
east of the city, are two lunette or crescent-shaped 
embankments, and a bastion foit, the latter for teu 
guns. The building mentioned before has been 
made the basis of this work. The earth has been 
thrown up against the heavy stone walls of the old 
foundation, and strongly sodded. The bastions 
have been, made as follows, and in some instances 
are what are called double bastions:—Strong and 
heavy woodwork has been laid, with logs at right 
angles, and bound by shrub and brushwood, and 
filled in with earth and stones. The whole bastion 
is then covered with earth and sodded. The gorge 
is wide and deep—the hill steep and rugged, and 
the position naturally very strong. The guns mainly 
looked to the oast and southeast. Two heavy ones 
aro intended to bear upon the southwestern 
approaches. 
The lunette works on two of the other hills of this 
range mounted nine guns, mostly 9 and 12-pounders. 
On Mount Airy a lunette fort was embrasured for 
six guns, hearing north, “ Baker’s Hill,” on the 
north, five guns in a lunette fort; aud “Price’s 
Hill," northeast of the city, with a crescent-shaped 
embankment of three guns, were also erected to 
command the northern approach by rail or turn¬ 
pike; “Welch Hill” was crowned by a lunette 
breastwork, from which three guns frowned upon a 
broad valley to the northwest On “Judge Under¬ 
wood’s Ilill," west of the city, a bastion fort for 
thirteen guns formed the only defenses of the west 
and south west. AU these works were incomplete, 
and the guns mounted upon them of small caliber. 
It was while holding this position, with about 
10,000 men, that on the night of the 7th ult., Gen. 
Hardee received the information of the attack on 
Fort Henry. He held the position until Sunday, 
when the fall of the fort was confirmed, and the dis¬ 
mantling of forts at Bowling Green was begun. 
The artillery at Bowling Green was sent south by 
rail, whether to Clarksville or Nashville, the person 
who gave the foregoing information, and who took 
occasion to escape in the confusion, cannot state. 
He states positively that the cannon were removed, 
and the troops retreated. It was upon the statement 
of this gentleman, and another who escaped on Fri¬ 
day, the 7 th, that Gen. Buell determined to advance. 
i "Y ovcvV'&a.'K'owA 
1 
■gNorfo 
.^ 
rXMjftolk Y , -.. 
MNP 
j owvmwoHoW- ':*>£ 
—l . 
Bullies Lost, and Won. 
A correspondent of the N. Y. Times has 
collated an approximately accurate list of the war¬ 
like encounters ot last year, and this year so far. 
ne says: 
While making our “ preparations,” we have 
fought the following battles of the rebellion, giving 
to tbe rebels the battles of Wilson’s Creek, Belmont, 
and Sumter: 
UNION VICTORIES, 1861. 
.1 line 2—Philippa 
June 17—Bonneville. 
July 5—Brier Forks (Stgel’B victory.) 
.Inly 11—Defeat of Pegrain by McClellan. 
July 13—(’amok s Font (death of Garnet, rebel.) 
Aug. 28—H»ttit»8 Forts 
Sept. 10—llout of Floyd, Gauley Bridge. 
Oct. 5—Second defeat of rebels at Hatteras. 
Oct. 8—Santa Rosa Island. 
Oct. 11—Repulse of Southwest Pass. « 
Oct. 26—Charge of Fremont's Guard. 
Oct. 27—Romney (Kelly wounded.) 
Nov. 7—Port Royal. 
Dec. 13—Camp Alleghany, Virginia. 
Doc. 1H—] 300 rebels captured by Pope in Missouri. 
Dee. IS—Drauesville. 
1862. 
Second rebel repulse at Santa Rosa. 
Humphrey Marshall’* rout 
Capture of rebel butteries in South Carolina. 
Mill Spring (Zollicoffer killed.) 
Fort Henry. 
Roanoke island. 
Fort Donelson. 
In addition to the foregoing, we must add the 
capture of Edenton, Elizabeth City, aud Winton, in 
North Carolina; the occupation of Clarksville and 
Nashville, Term.; the defeat of the rebel army 
under Price, and their expulsion from Missouri. 
REBEL VICTORIES, 1861. 
April 12—Sumter. 
June 10—Big Bethel. 
July 21—Bull ltuu. 
Sept. 20—Lexington. 
Oct. 25—Massacre of Ball's Bluff. 
Nov. 7—Belmont. 
Wilson’s Creek. 
1862, NONE. 
Recapitulation.— Union victories, 23; Rebel victories, 7; 
ratio, 3 to 1. 
There is one section of the above list, and the 
most remarkable one, too, the accuracy of which 
the most mendacious rebel will not dispute — the 
list of battles for the present year. That, at all 
events, is undoubtedly correct and complete. Not 
a single success have the rebels achieved in 1862, 
while on our side are at least four victories worthy 
of the name. These, too, are but the beginning of 
their defeats. We have but begun to tight. Even 
our preparations for fighting are not yet completed, 
but are going on with energy, and on a scale which 
will not be satisfied with small triumphs, nor 
indeed with anything less than the utter and final 
extinction of this rebellion. The rebellion, on the 
other hand, is already beginning to stagger. The 
vitality and the passion of it are dying out. Pierced 
through as it now is with many arrows, we shall 
soon see the whites of its eyes, aud its ghost will 
pass down among tbe other evil spirits in limbo. 
In almost every skirmish we have been success¬ 
ful. as might bo readily inferred when wo consider 
that almost all of tho above battles were fought 
successfully by our troops with the rebels acting on 
the defensive, behind works of various kinds, while 
in skirmishes we meet them in “ fair fight.” 
We are too prone to look for nothing but victories, 
and consequently, unlike the rebels, we magnify 
every defeat. 
CurrituckC. 
Winton* 
Gate s villi 
Hertford 
•Edeufcoti 
)•Colt^nl>il 
•Hxmoufcli 
ItcniN and Incidents. 
Slidell and Mason went up like a rocket and 
came down like a stick. They dazzled the general 
eye for a brief moment, threw out a shower of sickly 
corruscations, whirred and whizzed and frisked con¬ 
sequentially— burnt themselves out, and dropped 
down into nether darkness. Nobody noticed their 
arrival in England. John Bull, having struck off 
their fetters, turned them contemptuously adrift, 
like a pair of scurvy vagabonds. 
Ix.Zollicoffer’s entrenchments, among Maj.-Gen. 
George B. Crittenden's private baggage, Lieut-Col. 
Kise, of the 10th Indiana, found a "breast plate which 
the General either wore on the battle field and found 
tco weighty to carry further, or else intended to put 
on and in the frenzy of his fear forgot to make use 
of it. It is made of commou sheet iron, of four 
thicknesses, rivited together, is about eighteen 
inches in length and fourteen inches broad. Lieut- 
Col. Kise has deposited it in the State Library at 
Indianapolis. 
Old Classmates at tiie Fort Donelson Fight. 
— The Chicago Tribune recognizes among the rebel 
prisoners Orderiy-Sergeaut Stanley M. Warner, of 
the Texas 7th. This gentleman, says the Tribune, 
is a graduate of Norwich University, and a class¬ 
mate of Lieut-Col. Ransom, ot the Illinois 11th. 
By one of those remarkable circumstances which 
mark eventful life, the Texas 7th and the Illinois 
11 th were pitted against each other outside of the 
entrenchments at Fort Donelson. These two regi¬ 
ments almost annihilated each other, suffering far 
greater loss than any other on either side. These 
old classmates and friends were opposed to each 
other in deadly strife. One of them received an 
ugly hut nut dangerous wound in the shoulder, and 
the other was taken prisoner. Such is life. For 
eight years past Mr. Warner has edited the Tyler 
(Texas) Reporter. 
The Gunboat Tuscarora.— The following are 
the dimensions of the U. S. vessel Tuscarora, which 
has been keeping watch and ward over the pirate 
rfton. 
ib era 
Points of Interest. 
Nashville, threatened by 100,000 loyal troops, 
is now the center to which the eyes of the North are 
turned, and we doubt not our readers will lie 
pleased to peruse the following description which we 
extract from Lipplncott’s Gazet'e, published in 1855: 
Nashville, a handsome and flourishing city, Capi¬ 
tal ot the State of Tennessee, aud of Davidson Co., 
is situated on the left bank of the Cumberland 
River, 200 miles from its mouth, 230 miles E. N. E. 
of Memphis, 206 miles S. W. of Lexington, in Ken¬ 
tucky, and 684 miles from Washington. Latitude 
36° 9' North, longitude 86 c 40' West; elevation 
above the sea, 460 feet. It is tho most wealthy and 
populous city of Tennessee, aud is distinguished 
for its enterprising spirit, literary taste, and polished 
society. Many of the private residences are built 
on a scale of palatial magnitude and splendor, aud 
the public buildings exhibit a corresponding char¬ 
acter. The new Capitol, which stands on a com¬ 
manding eminence, 175 feet above the river, is one 
ot the most uoble, magnificent, and costly structures 
in America. The material is of a fine limestone. 
CLAN’ 
BURNSIDE’S FIELD 
Secretary of War, and was thus induced to incur i 
heavy outlays to bring his weapon to perfection. 
But the fact was that Floyd had already made a 
secret bargain with another inventor, to decide in i 
favor of his rifle, on the condition that, he, Floyd, < 
was to participate in the profits of the invention. 
This appalLiug discovery was made by Major i 
Burnside alter he had incurred very heavy expenses 
i OF OPERATIONS. 
raised General Burnside to a position of affluence 
—by the practice of the most rigid economy, he was 
able to pay over two-thirds of his salary monthly to 
the creditors to whom he had becomo indebted in 
consequent’!? of the treachery of John B. Floyd. 
General Burnside is a remarkably handsome 
mau, arid very winning in his manners. He is pop¬ 
ular with every oue, and has many Mends at the 
