LOOKS, WORDS, AND DEEDS. — WINTER’S DOING 
LOOKS. WORDS AND DEEDS. 
Are like pure and fra - grunt flowers, 
Iu this world of care and woe, 
Shed - ding roundthera 
Are like springs in 
1 Plea - sant smiles and glan - ces bright 
2 Words of love from hearts sin - cere, 
jkSlowly, softly. 
Dia - monds are in set - tings rare 
Looks, and words, and deeds of love 
In the realms of bliss a - bove 
Each his broth - era bur - den bear, 
3 Deeds of kind - ness done in love 
4 Let us clier - ish then with care, 
WINTER’S GOING, 
Sprigh tly.__ 
Flag of our Country, 
Droop not or languish; 
Though traitor* surround thee 
And threaten thy doom, 
The strong arm of Freedom 
Will firmly uphold thee, 
And plant thy broad folds 
Over Anarchy’s tomb.” 
most gone! Streams are flow 
i-kle,_ o'er Grass - y mead- 
Cheer 
Giv - 
ma - ny wea 
life where e’er 
- ing, GrTows 
ows, Bv 
ROCHESTER, N. Y., MAY 3, 1862. 
3 Buds are burst - ing On the trees, Fra - graucc fill - ing Eve - ry bree: 
4 Birds are sing - ing Loud and clear, Ech - oes ring - ing, Thro’ the air 
These the gems the bless - ed 
Travel - ing to our home ft 
wear 
bove, 
THE WAR’S PROGRESS 
The Field of War in Eastern Virginia. 
We are indebted to the New York Post for the 
following article, descriptive of the topography of 
that portion now seriously threatened by the army 
of Maj.-Gen. McClellan: 
The part of Eastern Virginia which may be pro¬ 
perly called the field of war, embraces nearly the 
whole of the tide-water and Piedmont regions— 
bounded on the east by the Atlantic and the Chesa¬ 
peake Bay, on the south by North Carolina, on the 
north and northeast by the Potomac, and on the 
west by the Blue Ridge. Harper’s Ferry and Win¬ 
chester are beyond the Blue Ridge, in what is called 
the Valley. This is the department of Gen. Banks, 
that of the Shenandoah, and comprises a belt of 
country about fifty miles wide, and running the 
depth of the whole State in a southwesterly direc¬ 
tion, between the Blue Ridge and the Alleghanies. 
n .1 V» 1. „ «r/vnf in rr\ Anl’u 
Flow’rs are epring-ing, Eve - ry - where, Flow’rs are springing Eve 
Sing - ing_ ev - er Lul - la - by, Sing - ing_ er - er Lul 
where, 
com 
rir 
All the 
We should 
[From Asaph, a collection of Sacred and Secular Music, by Lowell and William Mason.] 
the barbette fire bad ceased, and was never renewed, 
and his guns were once more turned on the breach, 
which already had become so extensive that orders 
had been given to prepare scaling-ladders in readi¬ 
ness to storm the fort if not surrendered. The 
whole exterior surface of the pancowpe, and so 
much of the nearest end of the S. E. face as covered 
two casemates, was gone; the two embrasures were 
enlarged, so that from the batteries the inside of the 
fort could be seen through them, and one was 
opened so near the parapet that it was plain the 
whole angle would soon be in ruins. Only two 
casemate guns, the third and fourth of the S. E. face 
next the angle, were still served by the garrison, 
and the fire from batteries Sigel and Scott were 
directed upon them about 1 4 o’clock, the McClellan 
battery ot two 32 and two 42-pounder James rifles 
still aiming at the old breach. Nearly every shot 
struck the wall, sending great masses of brick into 
the ditch below, and lifting into the air a cloud of 
fragments and dust. 
Suddenly, on the north angle of the fort, some¬ 
thing white fluttered up into the air, clung for a 
moment in folds, and then streamed out broadly 
into the sky. Pulaski had hoisted the white flag, 
Still the rebel ensign was 
a series of bills. There are about thirty field and 
siege pieces stationed at the mosf salient points. 
The rebel camps are situated in the rear of the bat¬ 
teries, and capacious magazines have been dug in 
the sides of the hills, which are reported to be 
stowed full of ammunition. The number of the 
garrison at present stationed there cannot be accu¬ 
rately ascertained. General Villipique, the com¬ 
mander at Fort Pillow, is a Creolo, and was for¬ 
merly a resident of New Orleans. He is repre¬ 
sented to be, next to Beauregard, the ablest engineer 
in the service. The rebels place great reliance upon 
his scientific qualifications, and expect him to defeat 
Commodore Foote’s expedition to Memphis, if that 
officer should have the temerity to attempt to pass 
the batteries. 
practicable to make a demonstration in the rear of 
Norfolkand Portsmouth. Itwas atone time thought 
that Burnside would do this. The Pig Point and 
Fishing Point batteries were erected by the rebels 
to defond the entrance to the Nansemond. The first 
named has recently been strengthened, it is said, 
and a rebel encampment is now visible there. 
On James river, at Jamestown Island, thirty-two 
miles above the mouth of the river, is a fort; and 
another, called Fort I’owbattan, about half way 
between Jamestown Island and City Point. It is 
said that the rebels have fortified a place three mileH 
below Wyoming Creek, and other points on this 
river. 
Richmond is connected by railroad with Norfolk, 
106 miles distant; with Washington, from which it 
is 130 miles by rail; and there is also a railroad con¬ 
necting it with tlm head of the York river. 
Gordonsville is on the Central Railroad of Vir¬ 
ginia, seventy miles northwest of Richmond, with 
which it is connected by rail. 
Fredericksburg is connected by railroad with 
Richmond, from which it is sixty-five miles north. 
It is connected with a point a few miles north of 
Gordonsville by a turnpike, which runs through 
Wilderness and White Plains, nearly parallel with, 
but south of, the Rappahannock and its tributary, 
the Rapidan. 
Winchester is one hundred and fifty miles north 
northwest of Richmond, and seventy-one miles west 
by north of Washington. It is the center of a num¬ 
ber of turnpikes. 
Table of Distances.—T aking Richmond as the 
center, the following table shows at a glance the 
distance of different points in Virginia from there: 
To Richmond. Miles. 
From Norfolk_ 106 
From Suffolk. So 
From Cap** Hcury...-....150 
From Hampton... 
From Fortress Monroe .. .OS 
From Yorktown. „.:..70 
From Williumsburgh__ (50 
From Predoricksburgh...65 
From Washington_ 130 
From Winchester_ 150 
From Gordonsville.. 70 
From Staunton. 120 
Beyond Banks, on the west, is Gen. Fremont’s 
department. 
Eastern Virginia has been divided by the Presi¬ 
dent into two departments. That of the Rappahan¬ 
nock, under General McDowell, comprises, besides 
a partof Maryland, the District of Columbia and 
that part of Virginia between Blue Ridge on the 
west, and the Fredericksburg and Richmond Rail¬ 
road on the east. General McClellan’s department 
consists of all the area east of the Fredericksburg 
Railroad. It is probable that McClellan extends 
as far as he chooses to operate to the south, in 
Virginia, and that General Wool’s department, at 
and about Fortress Monroe, is within command of 
the superior general. 
.Tajiks River.— The rivers of Eastern Virginia 
nearly all empty their waters into Chesapeake Bay, 
the only exceptions being the New River and the 
llolston, in the southern part of the State. Leaving 
out of view the Potomac, the James is the principal 
river of Virginia. It meets the tide at Richmond, 
one hundred miles from its mouth, and is navigable 
to that place by vessels of one hundred and forty 
tuns. The only considerable tributary of the James, 
below the Blue Ridge, is the Appomattox, which 
flows into it at City Point, and carries seven feet 
water to Petersburg, capital of Dinwiddle county, 
ten miles from City Point and twenty-two miles 
south from Richmond. The James is navigable to 
City Point, nineteen miles southeast of Richmond, 
for large vessels, and to Jamestown Island it has 
water enough for a frigate. On Harrison’s Bar, a 
few miles below City Point, there are fifteen feet 
It flows into Hampton Roads 
The Fall of Fort Pulaski. 
The steamer McClellan arrived at New York 
on the 18th inst., bringing full details of the invest¬ 
ment and capture of Fort Pulaski, guarding the 
entrance to Savannah, Geo., from which we con¬ 
dense the following: 
Tyboe Island, upon which the attacking batteries 
were located, lies to the south-east of Fort Pulaski. 
Gen. Gilmore, under orders from Gen. Sherman, 
took possession of the Island Feb. 20th, and has 
been since engaged in the work of erecting bis 
batteries and making every preparation for the 
bombardment Commencing at the eastern end of 
the line of batteries, eleven in number, and the first 
met is named “ 
and the siege was over 
not struck, and while that flew there remained a 
doubt. Just then, from one of the casemates of the 
fort, came another white puff and a shot. Our guns, 
which had hesitated since the white flag was first 
seen, answered along the wholo line of batteries, 
with an almost simultaneous roar, and the fort was 
half hid in the dust of the crashing bricks and the 
smoke of bursting shells that followed. When it 
cleared away once more, the rebel flag and flag-staff 
had disappeared together, and only the symbol of 
surrender floated over the walls. 
The hour was 2 o’clock on the afternoon of Friday, 
April 11, a memorable anniversary. The parapets 
of the works and the beach were covered at once 
with troops, cheering loudly and expressing in all 
ways their delight at a success by no means expected 
so soon. Gen. Bonham came riding rapidly up the 
beach to the point, and ordered a boat to go over 
immediately to the fort. Major Halpine, Assistant 
Adjutant-General on Gen. Hunter's staff, Lieut.- 
Cul. llall, of the Vol. Engineers, Capt. Ely, A. A. 
Adjutant-General on Gen. Benham’s staff, and 
Lieut. Wilson were detailed for this duty by Gen. 
Benham. General Gilmore, arriving shortly alter, 
crossed in another boat, with Capt. Pelouze and an 
aid. The party were met at the fort by Col. Olm- 
stead, and the immediate and unconditional surren¬ 
der of the fort and garrison was agreed to — the 
unimportant articles of the signed memorandum not 
deserving (he name of conditions. The following is 
a copy: 
TERMS OX CAXITIU.AVION AGREED UPON XOR TITX. SURRENDER, 
TO TIIR XORCKS OX T1IK UNITED STATES, OX PORT 
PULASKI, COCKSPUR ISLAND, GEORGIA. 
Article 1 
Battery Stanton,” in honor of the 
Secretary of War, and consists of three 13-itich 
mortars, each weighing 17,120 pounds, and having 
a range of 3,476 yards. The next is precisely like 
it, and is named " Grant ’’ - the range being 3,256 
yards. The lino of batteries, some two miles in 
length, is oblique to the Fort, and the range con¬ 
tinues to decrease. The following table will show 
the force of guns which were brought to bear upon 
the garrison of Pulaski: 
No. of Wc'gt, Range-. When 
Battery. Guns. Size. Kiml. lbs. yds. made. 
Sbutton..._3 13 inch Mortar. 17,120 3.470 1861 
Grunt _3 13 inch. Mortar. 17,120 3,256 1861 
Lyon . 4 10 iuch. Col’ad. 15,056 3,258 
Lincoln_3 8 inch. Col’ad. 9,240 3,045 1844 
Burnside_1 13 inch. Mortar 17,120 2,760 1861 
Sherman .3 13 inch. Mortar. 17,120 2.667 1861 
llalleck.2 13 inch. Mortar. 17,120 2,407 1861 
u .. t 2 10 inch. Col’ad. 15,059 1,767 1861 
Hcott . j 1 8 inch. Col’ad. 9,240 .... 1841 
, ( 5 30 llis. Par’ts c’r 
Sl S el . ) 1 24 lbs. James. 
,, C 2 42 lbs. James. 
McClellan ^ lbs. James. 
Totten_4 10 inch. Mortar. 
water at low tide, 
near the mouth of the Chesapoake Bay, and its 
entrance is closed by Fortress Monroe, Newport 
News, and our cruisers in that neighborhood. 
The York River.— The York liver, on which 
lies Yorktown, is formed by the junction ot the Mat- 
tapony and Pamunky, and falls into the Chesapeake 
Bay above the mouth of the James. Its appear¬ 
ance is rather that of an estuary than a liver. At 
its mouth it is about three miles wide, and it is forty 
miles long. It is navigable for large vessels, and is 
one mile wide at Yorktown. On the peninsula 
formed by the near approach of the James and 
York, in their course, are situated Yorktown and 
Hampton; its southern extremity is Newport News, 
and at the southeastern point is Fortress Monroe. 
Yorktown is seventy miles east-southeast of Rich¬ 
mond, and the latter city is one hundred and fitty 
miles from the sea by water. 
Yorktown.— Yorktown is situated on the right 
bank of the York river, seventy miles from Rich¬ 
mond. It is an old town, settled in 1705, and now 
has about fifty houses, it was the theater ot one of 
the most important events in American history—the 
surrender of Lord Cornwallis to General Washing¬ 
ton, which occurred on the 19th of October, 1781. 
The rebels have erected strong fortifications along 
the river banks; the works ut Gloucester Point, 
opposite Yorktown, are represented particularly to 
be very formidable. 
The Rappahannock.— The Rappahannock enters 
Chesapeake Bay twenty-live miles south of the 
mouth of the Potomac, and is navigable, for vessels 
carrying ten foot ol'water, up to Fredericksburg. 
This place is forty miles from the river’s mouth. 
The Elizabeth River.— The Elizabeth river, oA 
which lies Norfolk, rises in Norfolk county, and 
flows into Hampton Roads. It is connected with 
Albemarle Sound by the Dismal Swamp canal and 
Pasquotank river. On its right or north bank is 
Norfolk. This city is eight miles from Hampton 
Roads, and one hundred and six miles by land from 
Richmond, with which place it is connected by rail¬ 
road. At Portsmouth, opposite Norfolk, is the 
Navy Yard. Tho approaches to Norfolk are 
defended by a fort on Craney Island, at the mouth 
of the river, which mounted, some months ago, 
thirty-four guns; by Fort Norfolk, a few miles 
below the city; by a battery of twenty guns on 
Sewall’e Point, opposite Fortress Monroe; andiuall 
probability by several other works, of which we 
know nothing. 
The Nansemond. —The Nansemond river risesin 
the Dismal Swamp, and is navigable from Suffolk, 
on the Norfolk and Richmond Railroad, to its 
entrance into Hampton Roads, for vessels of one 
hundred tuns. Suffolk is seventy-two miles south¬ 
east by south from Richmond, and is a village of 
about 1,500 inhabitants. From Suffolk, it would bo 
Bombardment of Fort Pillow. 
CoMJionoKK Foote seems to be a model of 
indefatigability. No sooner is Island No. 10 off his 
hands, than he is “under weigh” lor some other 
stronghold of the robols. Just now (April 23) 
Fort Pillow is receiving his attention, and we pre¬ 
sent our readers with a diagram of the position: 
1,852 1,643 1841 
These works are constructed with a parapet in 
front about eight feet high, and with a bomb-proof 
traverse between every two guns; the sides of tho 
parapets and traverses beiug riveted with sods, 
fascines or hurdle work. The mortars fire over the 
parapets, and the guns through embrasures cut in 
the parapets. The embrasures are riveted like the 
traverses and parapets. The batteries nearest the 
fort are connected by trenches, which afford a safe 
means of communication between them. All the 
advanced batteries have splinter-proof shelters, and 
each one having three reliefs, two of them can all 
the time be under shelter. These advanced batter¬ 
ies have also a bomb-proof surgery, supplied with a 
table and all requisites for surgical operations; and 
each battery has also a well of water. 
The active direction and command of the forces 
in the trenches remained with Gen. Gilmore during 
the bombardment. Maj.-Gen. Hunter was present 
as commander of the department, and Brig.-Gen. 
Benham as commander of the district The latter 
also relieved Gen. Gilmore during Thursday night, 
and had general direction of all tho forces, both on 
Tybee and on the opposite shore, under Gen. Yiele. 
Soon after daylight on the morning of Thursday, 
April 10, Gen. Hunter sent Lieut Wilson of the 
Topographical Engineers, under a flag of truce, 
with a written demand for the surrender of the fort. 
The communication was as follows: 
* hbaduitartkiis ox the South, > 
Tyhkk Island, Ga., April 10, 1862. J 
To the Commanding Officer, Fort iyjasld:— Sir: 
I hereby demand of you the immediate surrender 
and restoration of Fort. Pulaski tu the authority and 
possession of the United States. This demand is 
made with a view to avoiding, If possible, the effu¬ 
sion of blood which must result from the bombard¬ 
ment and attack now in readiness to be opened. 
The number, caliber, and completeness of the bat¬ 
teries surrounding you, leave no doubt as to what 
must- result in case of your refusal, and as the 
defense, however obstinate, must eventually suc¬ 
cumb to the assailing force at uiy disposal, it is hoped 
you may see lit to avert the useless waste of life. 
This communication will be carried to you under 
a flag of truce by Lieut J. II. Wilson, United States 
Army, who is authorized to wait any period not 
a very tall flag-staff, was shot away, and came 
swooping down inside the tort, followed by cheers 
from all the batteries. Another was soon raised at 
the north angle on a low stuff At twelve, forty-one 
scars were counted on the south-flank, the pancoupe 
and the south-east face of the fort, and several of the 
embrasures were considerably enlarged. During 
the afternoon the fire slackened on both sides, and 
after sunset not more than seven or eight shells an 
hour were thrown till daylight the next morning. 
On Friday morning at daylight the bombardment 
opened with fresh vigor on both sides. The bar¬ 
bette guns on Pulaski were directed with consider¬ 
able precision and rapidity at the upper batteries. 
On our side the work of breaching was resumed 
with determination, and the effect of the fire was 
almost immediately apparent in the enlargement of 
the two embrasures on the left of the south-east face. 
About 9 o’clock, Thomas Campbell, private of 
company H, 3d Rhode Island, while serving his gun 
in Battery McClellan, was struck by a solid shot 
entering through tho embrasure, and was so badly 
injured that he died in less than an hour. This was 
the only casualty on our part during the bombard¬ 
ment. 
Pulaski’s fire was far less accurate than ours. In 
crossing the open space between the batteries, I 
found the shot from the fort sweeping a good deal of 
ground, but nearly all went over. In the batteries, 
also, few shot struck the face or parapet of the 
works, or exploded directly over the trenches, but 
either buried themselves in the beach or went 
entirely over. A small rifled barbette gun, after- 
_ Tho Fort, Armament and Garrison to 
be surrendered at once to the forces of the U nited 
States. 
Article 2.—The. officers and men of the garrison 
to be allowed to take with them their private effects, 
such as clothing, bedding, books, &c. This not to 
include private weapons. 
Article 8.—The sick and wounded under charge 
of the hospital steward of the garrison to be sent up 
under a flag of truce to the Confederate lines, and 
at the same time the men be allowed to send up any 
letters they may desire, subject to the inspection of 
the Union officers. _ 
Signed this the 11th day of April, 1862, at Fort 
Pulaski, Cockapur Island, ‘Georgia. 
Ciiak. H. Olmsteab, 
Col. 1st Volunteer Regiment of Geo., 
Commanding Fort Pulaski. 
Q. A. Gilmore. 
Brigadier-General Volunteers, 
Commanding U. S. forces, # 
Tybee island, Georgia. 
These terms were communicated to Gen. Benham 
and approved by him. The 7th Connecticut Volun¬ 
teers, Col. Terry, were immediately ordered to gar¬ 
rison the fork 
Three hundred and eighty-three prisoners, forty- 
seven cannon, and large quantities of ammunition 
and provisions were captured with the fork All the 
stories about deficient supplies were without foun¬ 
dation. Not less than 40,000 pounds of powder 
were found in the magazine, with shot and shell in 
proportion. Three hundred barrels of beef and 
A A—Breastworks ; B B—Abattis ; C—Eleventh Louisiana 
Regiment; I> I>—Sloping Bluffs, 100 feet high ; 1—Commis¬ 
sary stores; 2—Quartermaster's post; 3—Small magazine , 
4—Headquarters ; 6—Large magazine ; «—Ordnance stores. 
This is said to be the only fortification of import¬ 
ance between New Madrid and Memphis, and is 
named after General Gideon J. Pillow, of Fort 
It is situated on a high bluff 
Douelson notoriety 
on the Tennessee shore, near two insignificant and 
decayed villages, called Randolph and Fulton, and 
is distant about thirty-five miles (some of the jour¬ 
nals say sixty), from Memphis. The river at this 
point makes a decided bend under the bluffs, and 
the water batteries oxteud aloug the shore at the 
curve for a mile and a half. These are mounted by 
about forty heavy guns, only one of which is a 
10 -inch, the rest being rilled sixty-fours and thirty- 
twos. On the bluffs the rebels have constructed a 
line of intrenchmenta so as to occupy the ridges ot 
5 
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