ally as an absorbent, and thought the free use of 
charcoal would double the value of the manure 
made on any farm. 
Mr. Downiiyo inquired how much Mr. B. thought 
the farmer could afford to pay for charcoal. 
Mr. Brooks could not say how much farmers 
would be justified iu paying per bushel for charcoal, 
but thought it Could not be prized too high. 
Mr. Ellwangek visiled the orchards of the Presi¬ 
dent the past week, and was very much surprised to 
observe the difference between the trees that had 
received the charcoal and those planted in the 
ordinary soil. They were double the size, and had 
made an extraordinary growth. Ho believed they 
were Greenings. 
l)r. Beadle, of St, Catharines, said that among 
the English gardeners of Canada he heard a good 
deal said about burned soil. They sometimes lay 
down a layer of fresh limo, and covered this with 
sods, then another layer of lime and sods, until they 
have a pile high enough. This is watered and the 
turf is thus burned, and the product is considered 
very valuable for fruit trees. Perhaps the burned 
soil of the coal-pit had more influence on the Presi¬ 
dent's than the charcoal. IIis experience caused 
him to doubt whether the extraordinary growth of 
the trees in Mr. Brook’s orchard was chargeable to 
the charcoal. 
Dr. Sylvester, of Lyons, said the absorbent pow¬ 
er of charcoal is very great, and it will keep the 
soil moist and furnish plants with abundance of wa¬ 
ter. Our black ash swamps furnish farmers with 
charcoal, that can be obtained for the trouble of get¬ 
ting it out. 
The President thought the free use of animal ma¬ 
nures had been in many cases injurious to fruit 
trees, causing a blight, and he was glad to find a 
good substitute. 
L. B. Lanoworthy had been of the opinion that 
liberal dressing of animal manures was one great 
cause of blight in pear trees — producing plethora 
and bursting of the sap vessels; but his theory was 
somewhat shaken on seeing a large pear tree about 
killed with the blight, that had grown on a poor 
sandy soil and near a bank, where a portion ot the 
soil was washed away from the roots down the 
bank. Charcoal is insoluble, indestructible, and 
therefore inoperative as a manure. As an absorber 
it is good. Ashes are valuable in the garden, the 
orchard, and everywhere. Mr. L. had never seen 
ashes applied where they were not productive of 
great good. Ono bushel of unleached ashes is 
about equal to four of leached. 
Mr. Holmes, of Syracuse, hod found the liberal 
use of ashes to hasten the maturity of grapes, and 
improve them much, both iu quantity and quality. 
Application of manure. 
The application of manure to the surface. M what season is 
the application most beneficial, and in what condition should 
the manure be when applied ? 
Dr. Sylvester had changed his plan of applying 
manure. Now applies mainly to the surface. He 
had also changed somewhat, the character of the 
manure used, composting stable manure with black 
muck, 
Mr. Downing applies manure on the surface, in 
the autumn, and forks it in in the spring. 
H. N. Lanoworthy had used liquid manure the 
past season and had met with very unusual success. 
The effect was quick and marked. 
Currnai Worm. 
The Currant Worm. What are its habits ? 
effectual means for its destruction? 
Mr. Elt.wanger had 'tried many, in fact most of 
the remedies recommended, and the present year 
had succeeded in saving the leaves and destroying 
the worms with slaked lime, put on in a powder. It 
must be done every day, or at least every other day, 
while the insects prevail. There would be no 
trouble in saving the currants if this were attended 
to faithfully, but neglect for a day or two might 
prove ruinous. 
II. N. Lanoworthy found suds made of soft-soap 
the best remedy, and one at hand in every family. 
It should be used as strong as possible without in¬ 
juring the foliage. 
Dr. Sylvester never saw any at his place until 
a year ago last summer. Had a row of Whitesmith 
gooseberries which he was anxious to save, and tried 
whale oil soap, one pound to four gallons of water. 
Found it effective. Applied the soap every other 
day. 
White Urnb. 
The White Grub. What are its habits .? Whot cere the most 
effectual means for Us destruction ? 
L. B. Lanoworthy said that the white grub is 
the larva of the May Bug, and remains in the 
ground four years before becoming a perfect insect 
They commence operations the second year, but the 
third year are the most destructive, and in the fourth 
appear as our well-known May Bug. Knew of no 
way to destroy them but to dig them up and kill 
them. They are particularly fond of strawberry 
plan Is, and injure potatoes a good deal. Mr. B. 
remarked that this year there is an unusual 
scarcity of our common insects — there are but few 
May Bugs, no Rose Bugs, though he never knew 
them before to delay their appearance later than the 
18th of June. In this section, too, there is a great 
falling off in the number of the apple tree cater¬ 
pillar. 
Mr. Eli/w anger said the white grab always fol¬ 
lows the use of night-soil. Wherever this is ap¬ 
plied, great numbers of white grubs will be found. 
Mr. Heuendekn had a piece of ground infested 
with white grub, and tried to exterminate them with 
salt. Finally put some in clear salt, where they 
seemed to live and thrive several days. 
Mr. Nelson found great quantities of the white 
grubs in cow manure. 
Salt as Alan ure. 
Has the use of Salt been found to be beneficial to Quince. Stocks, 
or to Plum Tices I 
Mr. Ei.lwanger applies salt to pear and plum 
orchards every season. Uses it mainly to kill in¬ 
sects, but considers it a good manure. Applies in 
February, giving the ground a good coating, 
making it appear as if there had been a slight fall 
of snow. 
Mr. Downing said salt is good as a manure, but 
not worth anything for killing insects. 
Dr. Sylvester believed in using salt, but there 
is some danger in the operation. A little too 
much would kill the trees. 
New Strawberries. 
What new varieties of the Strawberry have been found to 
promise well in the experience of this Society t 
No member present appeared prepared to recom¬ 
mend a new variety of strawberry. Some remarks 
were made upon the character of a few old and 
well-known varieties. 
H. N. Lanoworthy called attention to the great 
destruction of trait by the birds. They take nearly 
S ECONO SESSION. 
On assembling in the afternoon, the President de¬ 
livered the following address: 
Gentlemen of the Fruit GrowerAssociation: 
Scarcely any worldly interest is of more impor¬ 
tance than the one you have met to consider; 
scarcely any has been treated with more indiffer¬ 
ence arid neglect. 
In the brief record of man's early history, we are 
told that, “the Lord God formed man of the dust of 
the ground.” put. him into a garden and there made 
“to grow every tree that is pleasant to the sight and 
good for food." Yes. good for food. 
lie who wrought, this miracle o' miracles—man- 
ami knew his wants, was careful to tell us, as His 
first announcement succeeding that creation, that, 
He put man where there were trees “good for food,* 
with the command to dress and care for them. 
all the early cherries, and strawberries suffer very 
much from their depredations. By law their de¬ 
struction is prevented, on the plea that they 
devour many insects, but Mr. L. was of the opin¬ 
ion that while they do eat a few worms they do not 
destroy any of our injurious insects. 
Mr. Fish said birds were both advantages and 
disadvantages. The disadvantages are the most 
apparent and most felt. 
Mr. Ellwangek would encourage the birds, and 
plant enough fruit to allow them a share, and they 
will become as tame as chickens. 
L. B. Lanoworthy said birds would not eat cat¬ 
erpillars or beetles, or any of our destructive insects. 
We have no singing birds in this country to repay 
us for the destruction they cause. There is a good 
deal of foolish sentimentality about this matter. 
Dr. Sylvester said we grow the fruits and miss 
them, but birds may eat a million of insects and we 
would never know it, unless we watched carefully. 
The following named gentlemen were appointed 
as delegates from the Society, to attend the meeting 
of the American Pomologieal Society, to be held at 
Boston, Mass., on the 17th and 18th of September 
next:— Joseph Frost, of Rochester; W. P. Town¬ 
send, of Loekport; E. W. Sylvester, of Lyon; 
S. N. Holmes, of Syracuse; T, C. Maxwell, of 
Geneva; E. Moody, of Loekport. 
The following delegates were appointed to attend 
the meeting of the New York State Agricultural 
Society, to he held on the 30th of September next: 
E. Moody, of Loekport 
yBTJIT GROWERS’ SOCIETY OF WESTERN N. Y, 
FIRST SESSION. 
The Annual Summer Meeting of this Society 
held in Rochester on the 25th ult. President 
Brooks called the Society to order at 11 o’clock. 
The attendance was unusually large lor the sum¬ 
mer meeting, but the show of fruit was rather 
meager, though very good collections of strawber¬ 
ries and some cherries were exhibited by several 
persons. 
The President appointed Messrs. Downing, 
(Javitt, and Beadle, a committee to examine the 
fruits on exhibition. 
The following questions, the discussion of which 
was deferred at the last meeting, were presented: 
FEARS. 
VI. —What, are the best eight varieties for market, and on 
what stock should each Ik- cultivated? 
VII. —What are the best ten varieties for family nse, em¬ 
bracing a succession through the year, and on what stock 
should each he rultivated? 
VIII. —What is the best form of pruning the Dwarf Pear 
Tree, and what is the best for the Standard, and the best 
season for doing it? 
IX. —What are the advantages of pinching? 
The committee appointed for the purpose also 
presented the following new subjects: 
I.—What useful results have been found to follow the use 
of Ashes, Lime, or Charcoal? Upon what Fruits, and how 
applied? 
II —The application of manure to the surface. At what 
season is the application most beneficial, and in what condition 
should the manure be when applied? 
HI.—The Currant Worm. What are its habits? What are 
the most effectual means for its destruction? 
IV. —The White Grub. Whature its habits? What are the 
most effectual means for its destruction? 
V. —Has the use of Salt been found to be beneficial to 
Quince Stocks, or to Plum Trees? 
VI. —What new varieties of the Strawberry have been found 
to promise well in the experience of this Society? 
Lns. Rural New-Yorker : — Having proved 
some ot the excellent recipes in your paper, I 
would like to give a few of mine, 1’or the benefit of 
others: 
Sponge Cake. —Six eggs; weigbtofflve in sugar, 
three in flour; rind of one lemon grated; one-half 
the juice. Stir the sugar and yolks together; beat 
the whites to a troth, add to the other, then the 
lemon, after which add a little soda, and a very 
little more flour. 
Hickory Cake. — One and one-half cups of 
sugar; J cup of butter; 2 cups of flour; whites of 
four eggs; 2 of a cup of sweet milk; 1 teaspoon of 
cream tartar; j teaspoon of soda. Beat the butter 
and Bugar to a cream; add the milk, with the soda 
dissolved in it, then the whites, and lastly the flour, 
with the cream tartar well rubbed in; one cup of 
meats. This cake is excellent without the meats, 
with lemon or vanilla flavoring, but better with 
them. 
Vanilla Cookies. — Two cups of sugar; 1 of 
butter; 2 eggs; a cun sour milk: 1 teasnonn satero- 
Tf moderns have all the ailments that “ the Elixir of 
Life” is warranted to cure, they had better consider 
how they dame by them; possibly they may conclude 
to substitute apples and peaches for pastry and pork. 
It is my firm conviction that no person can enjoy 
uninterrupted health without the regular use of 
fruit in its ripe and natural state. Tn this I um sup¬ 
ported by the highest medical testimony. 
Profoundly as I admire the ladies, and admitting 
them to excel McClellan himself in “masterly com¬ 
binations.” I will die before I will admit that they 
can ever flavor* Hooker strawberry or a Seek el pear. 
Whoever expects a French cook, or anybody else, 
to equal in richness and delicacy of flavor tlie. pro¬ 
ducts of the trees, pronounced on divine authority 
good for food, is audaciously unwise. Then let us 
have more fruit as a part of bur regular meals. 
Fruit, like everything truly valuable, must be 
sought with care and pains. ‘The glittering prizes 
of this world are not drawn by careless hands. 
Richest gems are deepest down: brightest glories 
bought with sternest, sacrifice; no wonder, then, 
that tbesu fair products that, have gathered perfume 
and flavor from Heaven’s choicest stores come 
through much tribulation. True, here and there a 
bush or plant, reveling in forest mold mixed by 
God’s own hand, gives us precious fruits, to show- 
how things grow in Paradise; but, the rule is if a man 
will not work neither shall he eat. I suppose a just 
God has spnt armies of caterpillars, and all sorts of 
nasty worms, blights, and mildews, to punish lazi¬ 
ness and Indifference, and teach us nil that eternal 
vigilance is the price of—fruit. Multitudes of men 
and women will start, up*and say, We have tried 
everything; we have smoked, snuffed, ashed, limed, 
and ‘kerosened the worms, till we have killed the 
bushes. What more could we do? I'll tell you. 
Thepo enemies have been making their approaches 
for years; they first sent out their skirmishers, then 
established their pickets, but we paid no attention 
till they made their assault in full three, und then we 
were overwhelmed. Our agricultural and horticul¬ 
tural journals have been giving pictures of these 
insects for years, and telling us to be on our guard; 
but we paid no attention. When they were lew we 
could pull their heads off, which I feel confident is a 
“certain cure;” but having outnumbered the locusts 
of Egypt and filled the ground with their deposits 
for (mother year, it will take a good deal of dust and 
smoke to use them up. Still, the regular use of 
slaked lime will kill the currant worm, 
Wo want more thorough knowledge in all the 
departments of vegetable and animal life. We 
need more rigid scrutiny, a deeper insight into the 
causes and influences that work unseen by our care¬ 
less vision. Learned professors, forgetting for a while 
the stars beyond our reach, the dead dialects, and 
the lowest strata, should strive to unfold the condi¬ 
tions of healthy growth and acquaint us with the 
weak points of our insect adversaries. We want 
sentinels at every point of observation. Deep and 
profound research should unfold hidden mysteries 
and bring to light the enemies that assail us. If a 
tree blights in this locality, and not in that, we 
should know what is peculiar to each. When dif¬ 
ferent results are obtained, observe the precise 
difference in treatment; do it carefully and criti¬ 
cally. Nature’s laws are fixed and immutable— 
every tree and plant obeyH them—there is no such 
thing as caprice or accident. Let science unfold 
these laws, If a result is obtained, we have only to 
put everything in that precise shape again to obtain 
tho same result without auy variation. There is no 
uncertainty of results, if you know your instrumen¬ 
talities. 
You have come together, gentlemen, to talk and 
to listen; to exchange what you do know for what 
you don’t know. Where there is so much to learn, 
and so brief a period to learn it, it is our privilege, 
it is our duty, to avail ourselves of the Knowlege 
and experience of others, and so thoroughly furnish 
ourselves lor our work in tho shortest possible time. 
I take this occasion to express the great obligation 
that the whole country is under to gentlemen of 
1 arge experience and matured judgment in fruit 
growing, w T ho come here from time to time to com¬ 
municate, without reserve, whut they have learned 
on these subjects, and 1 ask, in all seriousness, ot the 
public at large, a respectful hearing. The acknowl¬ 
edged difficulties that besot the growing of the finer 
kinds of fruit, furnish reasons enough for counsel 
together. 
More tbun that, we need to have our interest 
excited, our efforts awakened, our enthusiasm 
kindled, by these discussions, these exhibitions, 
these friendly greetings. 
If 1 knew all about fruit growing, I would make 
a pilgrimage here three times a year, on the same 
principle (hat the Arab goes to Mecca, the Catholic 
to Rome, and our Methodist Iriends to Camp Meet¬ 
ing. I always go home determined to dig about my 
trees more thoroughly, and put ou a little more 
manure. 
The neglect of fruit trees throughout the whole 
country, Is positively horrible. It comes among 
the catalogue of crimes; for no man has a right to 
leave out of his own life, or out of tho life of his 
family, any comfort, or pleasure, or profit., which 
might be theirs. Hoping for a continued and an 
increasing Interest in our meetings and in our dis¬ 
cussions, I bid you double your diligence in this 
good caiise. 
The Committee appointed to examine Fruits on 
exhibition presented their report, which was as 
follows: 
Cherries .—One collection, two varieties, vizi: May duke and 
Gov. Wood, from Dr. W. Sylvester, Lyons. 
Strawberries .— Collection of fifteen varieties, comprising 
among others Triomphc de Gaud, llovey, Fillmore, Austin 
Seedling, Jenny Lind, Peabody, Downer's Prolific, and Cut¬ 
ler's Seedling, from Dr. VV. Sylvester, Lyons. 
A new seedling, of very dark color, rich flavor, and good 
size, promising well, from J. A. Paine, Clyde. 
Collection of six varieties, comprising Wilson, Trionipbe de 
Gand, Trollope’s Victoria, and others, from William Webster, 
Rochester. 
A new pistillate seedling, called Russell's Great Prolific, 
originated by ii. Russell, of Seneca Falls, in 186(5, very large, 
four and three-eighths inches in circumference, color bright 
red, flavor - very good,” flesh rather firm, juicy, and rich; 
appears to be very productive, and promises to be vnluable. 
Exhibited by Geo. Clapp, Auburn. 
Three baskets containing very fine samples of Triomphe de 
Gand, Wilson, and Hooker, and one basket Early Purple 
Guigne Cherry, from Joseph Harris, Rochester. 
Mr Moore, of Rochester, exhibited a seedling strawberry, 
which, in size, form, and flavor, Is something like tho Tri¬ 
omphe de Gand. 
; H. N. Lanoworthy, of 
Rochester; S. B. Gavitt, of Lyons. 
The Society then adjourned to meet in this city on 
the first day of the Fair of the New York State Agri¬ 
cultural Society. 
fmlicultural gtotes 
CHOCOLATE MANGE-A REQUEST. 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker:—I send herewith a 
recipe for an article reliable and suitable lor 
invalids. 
Chocolate Mange.— Soak, in a pint of cold 
water, one box of Cox’s gelatin an hour. Put over 
the fire one quart of milk and one pint of cream, or 
three pints of milk; add one pound sugar; a large 
coffee cupful of grated chocolate, fresh mixed with a 
little cold milk and the gelatin, and let it boil 
live minutes. Remove from the fire and flavor with 
vanilla. Let it congeal in molds. The French 
chocolate is the best to use. 
Will Emily Hunt t noton Miller, authoress of 
“ Our Ship,” the story in tho Rural of February 15, 
send you for publication the piece of poetry from 
which she quoted her caption?— 
“How many watchers in life there be. 
For the ship that never comes over the sea.” 
I read it long ago, and think it well worth a 
re-print. In doing this you will greatly oblige one 
of your constant reader, and an occasional contribu¬ 
tor to the Domestic Department. s. m. m. 
Elbridge, N. Y., 1862. 
Elder Bushes vs. Cuucblio.—A few weeks since l visited 
a garden in this vicinity, and saw several plum trees heavily 
laden with fruit. I was requested to examine and gee if I 
could discover any traces nr marks of the enreulio. I did so 
upon fruit on the trees and ripe fruit that had fallen off’ and 
lay upon the ground. I could discover no marks and no lame 
in the fruit. 1 gathered up fruit from the ground and carried 
it homo; it was all perfect. I thought there must be insects; 
but there had been none at ail. Having raised plums, more or 
less, for twenty years, in Michigan, hut never without the 
effects of the euroulio more or less, and sometimes to entire 
destruction of the crop, you may judge of my surprise when 
informed that all that had been done was to procure common 
elder bushes and tie them to the branches of the trees. This 
had been done every few days from the time the fruit was 
fairly set until full grown. This man has lived npon the place 
five years. Tho trees were upon tho place — bearing trees— 
when he took possession; the first two years he tried to save 
his t’ruit by shaking the trees and gathering up tho curculios 
upon cloths spread under them. He hud very poor success; 
the fruit was all stung and dropped off prematurely. He was 
in despair the second year, when he was told by (as he said) 
-an old Frenchman,” that if he would put elder bushes into 
his trees ho could raise fruit. He has tried it three years with 
the samo success—a full crop of perfect plums. — A. C. Hub¬ 
bard, in Michigan Parno-r. 
The above we give at the request of a correspondent, with¬ 
out vouching for the efficacy of elder bushes in driving off' the 
curculio. But, we have grown good plums for many years 
without failure, until last sensoo, when the blossoms were 
destroyed. Others in this vicinity have done even better. 
DISCUSSIONS. 
Bext Pears for Hnrket and Family Use. 
What are the best right varieties for market, and on what stock 
should each be cultivated ? 
b 
What are the best ten varieties for family use, embracing a 
succession through the year, aiul on what stock should each be 
cultivated ) 
To save time it was agreed that members present 
shonld hand in a list of varieties of pears they 
thought most desirable for market and fitmily use, 
and the following was the result: 
For family Use — On Pear Root. 
Bartlett,__ 10 Doyenne d’ Etc,. 
Seckcl____...... 9 Des Nonnes......... 
Flemish Beanty,.7 Belle Lucrative,_ 
Osband’s Summer.6 Kostaezer,.. 
Sheldon....6 Beurre Giffard. 
Lawrence_ 4 
A number of other varieties received one vote each. 
On Quince. 
Easter Beurre_....._6 Beurre Diel_ 
Seckcl_9 Duchesse d’Angoulen 
Louise Bonne de Jersey ,,,4 Belle Lucrative__ 
Glout Morceau_4 White Doyenne_ 
Beurre d’Anjou.3 Vicar of Winkfield 
Several other varieties one each. 
Cure for Warts.— Bathe the hand having warts 
in warm water, dry with a soft towel, and touch the 
top of each wart only with aquafortis; a knitting 
needle or any thing having a small point will answer 
to take up a small drop suflicient for each wart. In 
a few days a dead pedicle will he formed on the top 
of the warts, which will scale off when bathed in 
warm water. When this is removed, apply the 
aquafortis again, and so on repeatedly, till the 
entire wart is reduced to a level with the true skin. 
This mode is effective, and without, pain. Tho wart 
so treated will never come again; but care must be 
taken that the aquafortis does not touch the true 
skin about, the wart, as it may blister it.— Irish 
Farmers Gazette. 
Uxeuuitkul Quince Trues.—I n the Rural of June- 21st, 
M. A. Hawkish, of Herkimer, inquires what he will do with 
his quince trees, which have not borne fruit. His Gees he 
prubahly bought of some traveling agent, and they are 
undoubtedly, seedlings. With us, seedlings do not often, if 
ever, bear fruit. I have nine seedlings, raised from the orange 
quince, which have not borne * half dozen quinces yet, though 
seven years planted. If the ground where his quince trees are 
planted is valuable, I would remove them; and if he wishes to 
raise quinces, he should send to some responsible nurserymen 
at Rochester, and get (wo or three trees, or any number that 
may be desirable, of tho Orange Qmnce. plant them and 
afterwards giving them clean culture around the roots. Then 
if the trees do not make a moderate growth, give the ground 
a little salt. It is necessary to keep uff the shoots or suckers 
and sometimes to shorten in the side branches, tl' he should 
try the Orange Quince, and take proper care of the trues, he 
wilt undoubtedly succeed in raising quinces in favorable sea¬ 
sons. As to seedlings, they arc not worth the ground they 
stand on, with us; but the Orange Quince has succeeded well 
with u.i, and also in other localities where I have seen them. 
I recommend the Orange Quince only, for I know nothing 
about the other kinds, but presume the fruit of the other 
lands to benf but little value —.V. p Seely Creek , N. Y, 18fi2. 
What are the most 
For Market — On Pear Root. 
.... .. 9 Lawrenoe .. 
Bartlett 
Sheldon 
Rostiezer and several others one vote each. 
On Quince. 
Duchesse d’Augeuleme_10 Flemish Beauty.4 
Louise Bonne de Jersey ... 9 Vicar of Winkfield....3 
Seckel- 4 Doyenne Boussock_2 
Triomphe Jodoigue, White Doyenne, Easter Beurre, and 
several other varieties, obtained a single vote. 
Best Form for tho Fear. 
What is the best form, of pruning the Dwarf Pear Tree, and 
w/utl the best for the Standard , and the best season for 
doing il l 
W. P. Townhjend, of Loekport, was decidedly in 
favor of the pyramidal form. Trimmed pretty 
severely, cutting back to within three or four buds 
of base of shoot. Pruned generally after severest 
frosts of winter are passed, otherwise the hud left 
for the loading one is sometimes injured. Would 
branch adwarf tree, within about afootoftheground, 
and a standard from two to two and a half feet A 
vigorous tree does not require to be pruned as 
closely as one that makes but little growth. 
Mr. Ellwangkr agreed with Mr. Townsend. 
In pruning dwarf trees it is necessary to observe 
the habits of different varieties, as this must govern 
somewhat m the operation. Poor growers require 
close pruning. On different soils, too, trees grow 
more or less vigorously. 
Mr. Downing said trees of different habits re¬ 
quire different treatment with the knife. Dwarf 
trees of varieties making a perpendicular growth 
might branch near the ground, but those making a 
horizontal growth, would require to be pruned up 
some distance, or the fruit would hang upon the 
ground, and he had always noticed that the fruit 
growing on or very near the earth is destitute of 
flavor. 
Mr. Moody, of Loekport, kuew of one orchard 
where the trees were of beautiful shape, like a well 
pruned Arbor Vita-, full of small branches, where the 
sun could not penetrate. This he thought was un¬ 
favorable to good fruit, and carrying pruning to ex¬ 
treme, sacrificing the fruit for the beauty of the tree. 
II. M. Hooker, of Rochester, had observeed the 
same state of things; in fact, he owned some trees 
that he thought were far too thick, made so by over 
pruning. 
H. N. Lanoworthy said it was quite evident to 
him from observation, the past few years, that pear 
cultivators were pruning too close, and thus crippled 
their trees. He advised leaving them a little more 
to nature. 
Mr. Lee, of Newark, said his practice agreed with 
that described by Mr. Townsend, except in this, 
that some of the weak growing sorts he cut in Au¬ 
gust, to aid in the formation of fruit spurs. 
Pinching llie Pear. 
What are the advantages of pinching 1 
Mr. Ellwangek being called upon for his opinion 
of pinching, said that he believed it desirable, for 
several purposes — to cheek too rapid growth, to as¬ 
sist in the formation of fruit-spurs, and also to thin 
the tree as much as necessary for the admission of 
'ght and air necessary to the perfection of the fruit. 
* tree that is pinched will require but little 
winter pruning. Mr. E. pinches, in June, the lat¬ 
eral shoots only, and not those designed for the 
formation of the tree, taking off the tops of the 
shoots and leaving four or five buds. 
Honey Recife.— Here is my honey recipe, which 
I think good. Put into any nicely cleaned kettle 
over the fire, one pint of water, one-third or half 
ounce of alum; bring to a boil. Set the kettle off; 
put into it four pounds of white sugar; bring to a 
brisk boil for a minute or so; take from the lire and 
strain while hot. When cooled to something below 
blood heat, flavor very slightly with three or four 
drops of lemon or rose oil. 
An Inquiry.—C an any of the Rural friends tell 
me what time to gather the sweet briar seed? what 
time and how to plant for a hedge? Also, how to 
mix paint for a floor that will dry, and what is the 
best color, and oblige?—S ue, Clark's: WU, Ind. 
“Crkmo.nt Perpetual.”— Last season I called attention to 
this strawberry, as exhibited at our Strawberry Show here, by 
Mr. Daniel Worthinciton. Early this morning, on his way 
down to his store, he called on mo with a drawer of these 
berries. They were astonishingly large. He says they are 
very productive. Their flavor is unexceptionable. They are 
not as good a berry to carry as the Wilson's Albany; but they 
will carry as well as Triomphe de Gand. To day I can buy 
plenty of berries in market at 8 to 25 cents per quart, depend¬ 
ing upon sort anil size. These Crexnonts were selling at 50 
cents per quart I uot in large quantities, to be sure, for they 
are uot iu market. Uut tho size, brilliant color, and waxen, 
glossy appearance, tempted tho half dollars right out of the 
pockets of inen who eould afford such indulgence. 
Query —May not this variety bo identical with the Crescent 
Seedling' Who knows?— c. p. i: 
(The above should have been given in connection with the 
11 Strawberry Notes for 18(12,” on first page.] 
To Color Orange. — To color nine pounds of 
cotton, use five ounces bi-chromate of potassa and 
twelve ounces sugar of lead. Dissolve the potash 
iu a pailful and a halt ot soft water, and the sugar 
of lead in the same quantity of soft water in another 
vessel; then dip tho cloth in the water containing 
the sugar of lead, wring it out immediately and 
immerse iu tho water containing the potassa. The 
result is a yellow color. Then dip in scalding lime 
water and wring out immediately, and the color is a 
bright durable orange. 
I hope some one will tell your readers how to 
wash white merino.— Mrs. Jane C. Overton, 
Weedy nook, June , 1862. 
Sago Pudding. —Rinse the sago iu cold water; 
to one pint of milk put a half-pint of sago; stir it on 
a moderate fire until if, thickens like starch; then 
take from the fire and mix with it three pints of 
milk, a small cup of sugar, lour beaten eggs, nut¬ 
meg, teaspoonful of salt, and the grated rind of a 
lemon; add quarter of a pound of seeded raisins; 
bake three-quarters of an hour. Good hot, but best 
cold. 
Kentucky Horticultural Society. — Please record the 
names of the officers of the Keutuelcy Horticultural Society, 
which has been iu Operation for more than twenty years, and 
holds its weekly meetings every Saturday morning during the 
year. President — Ormshy IIitk. Recording Secretary —W. 
M. Allen. Treasurer —B. D. Kennedy. Our prospect for a 
full and tine crop of fruit this year is very flattering.—O. H., 
Louisville, Ky.. June, 1862. 
M a tun NO Names on Fruits. — A correspondent of the 
London Gardeners' Chronicle, writing of a Paris exhibition, 
says:—“ Among fancy fruits I observed a large dish of the 
favorite French Dessert apple, the Pomme d’Api, in which 
each one was marked with a letter, a crest, or other device, 
produced by placing a piece of paper or cloth of the required 
shape, ou the side next to the sun, causing a corresponding 
spot to remain uncolored. ” 
A Preventive againnt Moths.— A preventive 
against these summer depredators on woolen cloths, 
and also an agTeeabie periume for all kinds of 
clothing, may be made of equal parts of cloves, 
nutmeg, mace and cinnamon, all ground and mixed 
thoroughly, and .sprinkled over the garments when 
packed away. 
Late Summer Planting.— The Gardeners' Monthly says 
more evergreens have been planted in August and September, 
in the neighborhood of Philadelphia, during the past three 
year?,, than in all the other months, and not one in a thousand 
fails. There b&s been quite a revolution in regard to the time 
of planting evergreens. 
A Protection from Damp Walls.— Boil one 
pound of powdered sulphur in two quarts of water 
for half an hour. Apply with a brush while still 
warm, and you will prevent the damp and un¬ 
wholesome oozings from the brick walls of your 
workshops .—Household Journal. 
gwjttirifS ana ^nsnw.s 
DISCUSSIONS. 
Ashes and Lime. 
What useful results have been found to follow the use of Mhes, 
Lime, and Charcoal) Upon, uihal Fruits, and how applied 7 
H. T. Brooks planted an apple orchard six years 
since, and a part of the trees were planted where 
there had been a charcoal pit two years before. He 
also put some of the refuse charcoal to the other 
trees planted in the vicinity of the old pit. The 
trees having the benefit of the charcoal had made a 
vigorous growth, in this respect excelling all others 
in an orchard of twelve acres. The President con¬ 
sidered charcoal of great value for manure, especi¬ 
Sheaking A khoi; Vital—W hen is the best time in the sea¬ 
son to shear the Arbor Vi tie and Red Cedar? —S. R., Center 
Lisle, June, 1862. 
Shear latter part of June or early in July, after a fair growth 
is made. 
Indelible Ink.—B y placing a piece of lunar 
caustic in the end of a quill, and whittling the same 
to a point, any cloth, being first slightly damped 
with water, may be written on so indelibly that no 
art can remove the color. 
Insect on Cabbage and Turnips.—W ill you or some of 
the Rural readers please to give me some information as to 
the best method of destroying a small black bug, which is 
entirely eating up our cabbage und turnip plants, or some 
remedy that will drive them away? Abo the name of the 
destroyer.— W. R. J. D., Salamanca, -V. Y., 1862. 
The insect is the Turnip Flea Beetle, ( Haltica .) Lime or 
ashes dusted over the plants when wet with dew will savo 
them, if done every day. Wetting with soap suds is very good. 
Kollab recommends u solution of Wormwood, and Harris 
thinks a liquid made from walnut leaves would be as good. 
Cologne Water.—A very fair article, that will 
improve with age, may be made as follows:—To 
one pint of alcohol, add twelve dropg each of the 
oils of bergamot, lemon, neroll, orange-peel and 
rosemary, and one drachm of cardamom seed. 
