retained. The poorer the season was, the more 
care should be taken to unite and strengthen the 
colonies in the tall. All the good, new and clear 
combe obtained by these operations, should be care¬ 
fully preserved for spring use — they will “come 
into play” when hiving early swarms or making 
artificial colonies. These, if supplied duly with 
good empty comb, will, in three or four weeks, be 
quite as valuable as an old stock whose feebleness 
exacted much attention and constant care during 
the winter. He who is in the habit of wintering 
weak colonies, must never expect to become a pros¬ 
perous beekeeper. He will have trouble during 
the winter, and with all his watchfulness will lose 
some stocks; those which survive will make slow 
progress in the spring, be laggards during the 
summer, and instead of yielding him some surplus 
honey in the fall, will probably need renewed 
nursing. 
Even if after a favorable season, it be found that 
all the colonics in an apiary have secured sufficient 
supplies, it will not be advisable to winter them all. 
Among them there will probably be some whose 
queens are old and deerepid, Should these chance 
to survive till spring, the number of eggs laid by 
them would be too small to replenish the population 
of their respective hives, adequately and early. 
Such bad better be disposed ol in the tall. If the 
hives contain good combs and a sufficiency of stores, 
the superannuated queens should be removed and 
replaced by a young one, from a colony not so well 
prepared, in other respects, to pass the winter 
safely. Italian queens may at this time be more 
conveniently introduced into common colonies than 
at almost any other period. There being now but 
little brood in the combs, the workers are less dis¬ 
posed to build royal cells after the removal of the 
old queen; and the Italian queen may, without 
disadvantage, be kept confined in a cage for a week 
or longer, till the bees have become entirely willing 
to accept her. Queens may likewise be used whose 
genuineness has been previously ascertained or 
fully tested. 
Those who still practice the old mode of taking 
surplus stores from the colonies, by cutting out a 
portion of the combs containing sealed honey, must 
deal liberally with their bees—allowing them to 
retain a full sufficiency for their support, so situated 
as to protect them from the severity of the weather, 
and being likewise conveniently accessible, from 
time to time, as needed. It is better that the bees 
should have more than enough, than to rely on 
spring feeding, should their supplies fall short. 
Colonies which still retain their drones at the 
close of this month, arc usually queenless. The 
population oi such is almost invariably much re¬ 
duced and composed of old bees exclusively, which 
are not well qualified to endure the rigors of winter. 
The proper course is to break them up, and appro¬ 
priate the honey. The combs of such stocks gen¬ 
erally contain large quantities of pollen, and should 
therefore be preserved till the close of winter. 
Then they may profitably be given to young stocks 
of the previous year, which are rarely well supplied 
with that article .—Dee Journal. 
rate they were selling for at the time used, in the 
city. You will see the food weed was mostly corn. 
There is no better food for bens. Wheat is as good; 
and occasionally a little buckwheat, peas, barley. 
Ac., with a little fresh meat. They had access to 
water every day all winter; aud they drank it, too. 
They bad a wallowing box in which were several 
bushels oi dust from the road, ashes, sand, lime, Ac., 
and plenly of burnt bones, oyster shells, and old 
plaster from the walls, well pounded, so they could 
eat it. The feed box was placed where they could 
help themselves as they pleased, and always cov¬ 
ered at night to shut out rats and mice. 
The nine hens layed. during the year, 1.335 eggs. 
The variety was nearly pure blood Black Spanish. 
Thk Wkak Coi.t now .Strong.— Onu thing more, 
frieod Mookk. and then I’m done. To cheer those 
who may feel as bad as I did , I will say I have a colt 
that for the first six weeks of bis life could not walk 
on his fore feet at all; but when he did walk, which 
was seldom, he walked on his ankles. He is a little 
ahead of “ mediocrity ” now, and can jump and kick 
“like a colt let loose from the stable.” 
Crops, Ac.—The grass crop through this region 
is as good as last season. The aphis has done but 
little injury to grain. The yield of apples will be 
less than w r as expected. Bushels of small ones have 
dropped from the trees. What is the cause? t 
Centerville, Allegany Co.. S'. Y., Aug. 12. I.. G Tanner. 
fallow their ground. As soon as the barley or oats 
is removed trom the field, plow the soil deep, cutting 
very narrow furrow slices. Jn order to do this job 
welt, have a sharp plow-point, and a sharp double 
whiffietree, so that it will be easy to adjust the plow 
to cut deep and narrow furrow slices. When a plow 
is adjusted to cut a furrow slice only four or fire 
inches wide, a single team will draw it ten or twelve 
inches deep as easily as they would were it to run 
only six inches deep, and cut a foot or more wide. 
Thorough pulverization is a very important con¬ 
sideration in preparing the soil for a crop of wheat. 
Now, if a crop of winter wheat is to be grown, 
about the tenth or fifteenth of September the soil 
should be plowed again, and a thin coat of anure 
spread evenly over the entire surface and well har¬ 
rowed in. But the soil must be well prepared, and 
the top-dressiDg or compost must be all in readiness 
in August, and then, when the time arrives to put 
ia the grain, if a farmer performs his part of the 
labor well, he may expect a good crop. 
Let it be borne in mind that wheal needs a little 
good manure in order to procure a fair crop. Take 
up the stable floor, and hoe out every nook and cor¬ 
ner of the barn-yard, and apply scrapings as a top¬ 
dressing for wheat 
bushes that had grown up on the old piles, that he 
had become tired and disgusted at the very name of 
manure. 
Mr. Van Skinland— Had seen a good deal of 
vexation and trouble on this manure subject He 
fully agreed with the gentleman who bad just taken 
his seat When he was a boy, and lived with his 
father on the Mohawk Flats, the only way they had 
to dispose of their manure was to draw it down to 
the river in the winter, aud dump it ou the ice, and 
let it go down stream in the spring. They could 
not move their barns, as they bad no place except 
they went up hill with them. When he came on to 
his present farm he regretted there was no river, 
but he had thrown the manure down ft bank jnto a 
little brook that run past his barn. But he had not. 
got rid of the nuisance; it was worse than to have 
left it in his yard and moved his barn. The brook 
ran through a fiat lot of about ten acres, below his 
barn, and he used to have very good grass, often as 
much as a tun to the acre, and it was easily cut and 
got in. But lately he had had a great deal ol trouble 
with that lot. Even this year he bad been more 
disgusted than ever, for Ills grass had grown so stout 
and thick that be could not get any machine through 
it, and bad been compelled to mow it with a scythe; 
and he had almost given up trying to get done hay¬ 
ing. For Ids part, be agreed with the other gentle¬ 
man in saying it "'as a moHt consummate humbug. 
Mr. Philbarn — Would like to ask the gentleman 
if he thought the manure had caused his trouble. 
Mr. Van Skinland — IIiul no doubt of it; for the 
manure was thrown down into the brook, and it 
often got dammed up aud flowed over the meadow, 
aud in high water the manure was all carried off on 
to it or to somewhere else. 
Mr. Bokefrmr —Would like to know whether the 
gentleman had ever tried plowing, to correct the 
diflieuHy in his meadow. 
Mr. t an Skinland— Had once plowed up a couple 
of acres, and planted it to corn; but the corn came 
up black and rank, and he had more trouble in get¬ 
ting the crop of corn and stalks secured from that 
two acres than from six or seven that he planted on 
the upland. He did n’t get the piece finally cleared 
till he let his cattle in to eat up a part ol the stalks. 
Mr. Philbarn — Said he was sorry to differ With 
his experienced friends, but his experience with 
manure had made him very partial to its accumula¬ 
tion and application. lie always felt the best when 
he bad made the most. Indeed, he considered ma¬ 
nure the most valuable crop a farmer made. 
The Chairman — Will the gentleman tell the Club 
how much time he spends each year in getting out 
his manure and spreading it on the land? 
Mr. Philbarn —Thought it usually took him about 
two weeks each, in spring and fall, with two teams; 
and then he rarely got it all out. 
Mr. Bokefrmr — Would like to know what effect, 
if any, it had upon the land. 
Mr. Philbarn — The crops are very heavy, and 
constantly increasing. 1 think my crops have more 
than doubled upon the same land in the last ten 
years. I certainly keep nearly or quite double the 
stock I did then. 
Mr. Sklmitt —Will the gentleman please to tell 
us if he gets any better crops now. with all his labor 
in manure, than be did when the land was first 
cleared, and before a particle of manure had ever 
been applied? 
Mr. Philbarn — Could not say that he did. 
Mr. .Bokefrmr —Would like to ask whether, if the 
land had not been manured, it would have produced 
as good crops as it had. 
Mr. SItimiit — Did not see how anybody could 
properly answer that question; for how could any¬ 
body tell, where the experijnent had not been tried 
on that very land? If the gentleman had never 
manured his land, he might auswer. 
The Chairman —Suggested that, if, as some peo¬ 
ple had said, manure acted as a stimulant, would 
not the effect be the same, in that as in any other 
case —lead to over-exertion and subsequent ex¬ 
haustion. 
Mr. Philbarn — Was inclined lo think, from what 
he had seen on the road towards the Corners, some 
evenings, that land did not get all the stimulants; 
for he had seen- 
Mr. Fan Skinland — Called the gentleman to 
order. 
Mr. Sldmiit — Did not care what was said by a 
man who, by his own showing, spent nearly one- 
tenth of bis time in a manure heap. He did not 
consider such a man worthy of notice in any free 
and enlightened American community. 
The Chairman — Hoped there would be no per¬ 
sonalities. But as it was evident that the discussion 
had ended, he had ventured to draw up a resolution, 
which he thought embodied the sentiments of a ma¬ 
jority of the Club: 
Resolved. 1 —That, in the opinion of Ihe majority 
of the members of the Slabbville Farmers’ Club, in 
its broadest and most comprehensive sense, manure 
is a humbug. 
Ttesoh'ed, 2 — That, in the opinion of the same, 
where it, will cost more to move the barn than the 
maunre, it is advisable to remove the manure, but 
not otherwise. 
Resolutions adopted. 
Club adjourned. 
The Season — Crops — War. —The weather continues 
favorable, both for growing crops and liarvesting operations. 
The crops thus far secured are generally better, in tins region 
than anticipated, while those unmatured give promise of an 
average yield. 
— Since our last the war excitement has risen to fever heat 
in this region. In this county, particularly, war meetings are 
held daily or nightly in almost every ward and town and men 
and money are being rapidly recruited aud raised The people 
of all classes are apparently fully aroused, and bound lo pros- 
ecute the War for the Union in earnest, from this time until 
its successful conclusion. As we write, there are thirteen 
recruiting tents in view (and not ten rods distant) from our 
window, and nearly as many snare drums within hearing. 
Participating as we do in the work aud excitement—having 
Western Rural Items.— the Illinois State Fair has been 
postponed until 1863. This action of the State Board is in 
response to the representations and request of the citizens of 
Peoria, where the Fair was to have been held. It is probably 
wise, although I know it to be contrary to the desire of many 
members of the Board. It is doubted if the Fair could have 
been made successful this year.- The Potato Crop of the 
West is rapidly rotting in the ground. I hear of it in all direc¬ 
tions. Farmers near markets arc digging and hauling, and 
selling them at such prices as they can get. New potatoes 
sold in Chicago market, the past week, at 12 and 15 cents per 
bushel. The season has been wet. and tlie result is a potato 
rot.- The- Illinois State Horticultural Socictg holds its An¬ 
nual Exhibition at Bryan Halls, Chicago, commencing Sept. 8. 
The show of Western Fruit promises to he a large one - The 
World's Horse Fair commences at Chicago Sept. 2d. and con¬ 
tinues two weeks. The exhibition of horses will he very large 
indeed. The stalls are now (Aug. 2h) rapidly tilling up with 
stock from Kentucky, Missouri, Canada and Michigan.- 
Cultivalors if the Sugar licet arc urged by Mr. Bender, Su¬ 
perintendent of the Sugar Refinery here, to draw the earth 
up about the beet, so as to cover the entire root. The beet is 
inclined to grow above ground. In proportion as it does, the 
amount of sugar it will yield is diminished—hence the im¬ 
portance of throwing the earth to the root. If a sufficient 
supply of the root can be obtained, an extensive experiment 
in its manufacture into sugar will be made here.- An Agri¬ 
cultural Brigade of exempt citizens for military service, is 
proposed to he organized in this 8tate (Illinois), and it is an¬ 
nounced that application has been made to the President for 
authority to do so ' It seems to me a silly movement. An 
" Agricultural Brigade,” organized to adopt some system by 
which the crops of the State might he secured in a condition 
to market, would be sensible, and quite as likely to strengthen 
the Government as any thing that could he done. There are 
men enough liable to do military duty, to do all the fighting 
there is to be done; the balance are needed in the fields and 
workshops, and can find employment enough there tliat will 
profit the country.—c. D. n. 
Treatment of Cheese while Curing. 
From an article in the Dairy Farmer , we un¬ 
derstand that some dairymen discard the practice of 
oiling the cheese in their dairies, and are substitu¬ 
ting the use of hot whey. Their manner of treating 
the cheese is as iollows: 
When the cheese comes from the press, it is oiled 
and bandaged, and after this sweet whey is heated 
and Used daily for nibbing tb* cheese. The whey 
is heated to a point no higher than can be borne by 
immersing the hand. A cloth is then dipped into 
it and then wrung out, and with this the cheese is 
rubbed over. It is said that cheese treated in this 
way is not so apt to crack, and presents a firmer 
and smoother rind when fit. for market, than cheese 
treated with oil whey butter. It is said to operate 
in other respects quite as well, if not better. 
The editor of the Dairy Farmer says:—We have 
never tried this method in our own dairy, but have 
been assured by some of our best dairymen that it 
works admirably. If this be so, the new method 
will commend itself to most persons, and prove 
another valuable item of knowledge with regard to 
the dairy, originating in this country. 
Curious Cases. 
Dzierzox observed a second swarm issue from 
a colony' whose recently emerged queen he had re¬ 
moved a few r hours before, and which contained 
only an embryo queen in a royal cell. He inferred 
that the bees, being ready to swarm, had not yet 
discovered the absence of their queen when they 
issued. It would seem from this also, (hat the 
signal forewarning is not given by the queen. 
Mr. Kaden saw a swarm issuing a second time, 
from a hive which had swarmed on the previous 
day and lost its queen. Probably the mass of the 
bees remained in ignorance of their loss, and issued 
under an impression that the queen would follow. 
Mr. Vogel reports a case where a colony exhibited 
signs of queenlessness. though actually in possession 
of a queen. This was undoubtedly caused by att 
attack made on the queen, endangering her life. 
Such at,tads, are sometimes made by strange bees, 
which enter the hive either by design or mistake. 
Under such circumstances, fearing Ihe worst, bees 
will frequently start royal cells before they become 
composed or assured of the queen's safety. 
Bees have retentive memories. 
Topping Corn or Cutting It. 
Mattukw M. Howard, writing to the Country 
Gentleman, from Lyn, Canada West, thus gives his 
views upon this mooted topic: 
By topping corn before it is ripe, you prevent the 
com from receiving that portion of the elaborated 
nutritive sap which it would have received from the 
stalks and leaves cut off. had they not been sepa¬ 
rated from the corn. On the other hand, by cutting 
corn by the ground before the leaves and stalks 
become dry, and the corn fully ripe, and setting it 
in shocks as soon as cut. the circulation of sap con¬ 
tinues, until the stalks become dry, and the corn 
improves in the shock. The same thing is observed 
in wheat. By cutting it before the kernel is hard, 
and placing it in shocks before it wdlts, the wheat 
improves in the shock, and will make more flour 
and of a better quality than if allowed to stand 
until the kernel is hard. 
We have two objects in view when we cut corn 
by the ground. Namely, the preservation of the 
corn and stalks from frost, which frequently occurs 
before the corn is ripe, aud spoils com and stalks. 
Whereas, if corn is cut by the ground belore the 
frosi strikes it, both may be saved and be of a good 
quality. I have no doubt but that corn cut by the 
ground before it is fully ripe, may not be quite as 
heavy, but if it is well cured in the shock it will be 
equal in quality, and the small loss sustained in the 
weight will be trifling, when compared with the 
loss of the corn and the stalks for fodder when the 
frost strikes it before it is ripe. Surely, if there 
should be no frost until the com is fully ripe, the 
corn would be good, but the stalks would be dry and 
of little value. Finally, to sum up the whole mat¬ 
ter, there is a certain state or condition at which 
corn may be cut by the ground, and the diminution 
in the weight of the com will bear no comparison 
to the loss of the fodder, if the corn is struck with 
l'rost, or allowed to stand until it is fully ripe; and 
the stalks, i( well saved, will amply pay all the cost 
of cultivation. 
Dzierzon once 
gave a fertile, queen to a bereaved colony, and she 
speedily supplied all the brood-combs with eggs, 
lie discovered soon after, that she had been killed; 
and introduced another, which encountered the 
same fate. Ho examined the combs and found a 
young queen just emerged, which had been roared 
from eggs or brood furnished by the first queen. 
The bees remembered their previous destitute con¬ 
dition, and took to roaring a queen as soon as sup- 
-plied with requisite means. 
The following occurrence took place in Dzierzon's 
apiary several years ago. One of his hives sent 
forth three strong swarms at intervals of about five 
days, though there was, meanwhile, not the slightest 
interruption in the laying of eggs. During the 
whole period, as well as afterwards, the combs con¬ 
tained eggs, larva:, and sealed brood, just like any 
healthy, strong colony, that does not swarm. Here 
the old qupon resolutely maintained her ground, 
and thus compelled the young ones, as they suc¬ 
cessively emerged, to accompany the swarms. Such 
But suppose she had 
Mr. Taylor's Salk of Sooth-Downs. — Our readers are 
reminded that Mr. J. C. Taylor's 12th Show and Sale of 
WEBB Pedigree South-Down Sheep will take place nt Holm- 
del, N. J.. on Wednesday next, Sept. 3d, as already announced 
by advertisement. Mr. Taylor advises us by letter, that 
since announcing the sale he has concluded to offer some ten 
or twelve ewes, from 1 to 3 years old, that had been selected 
for his own breeding flock. This will lie an additional in¬ 
ducement for persons who wish to obtain the best breeding 
stock, to attend the sale. 
List of Agricultural Fairs. —We are preparing a list of 
Agricultural Fairs for 1862—State, Provincial. County, and 
Local—and wish to render it as complete as possible for the 
Loyal States and Canada. Secretaries of Agricultural Socie¬ 
ties who have not already done so, will please advise us (by 
letter or sending hill or pamphlet.) as to the times and places 
of holding their respective exhibitions. As we desire to pub¬ 
lish the list next week, an early response is requested. 
Burning Stubble. 
The Massachusetts Ploughman says:—Would 
it not be a good plan to burn the straw, and all the 
stubble, on the wheat ground, after the harvest is 
over. The ashes on some kinds of land would be 
equal to the straw’ as manure. It was customary 
with our farmers, before the Revolution, to let the 
fire run over all stubble ground before plowing it 
in ihe fall or spring, calculating on the benefit of 
the ash manure. AVe doubt whether the burning of 
the stubble and of the straw also, may not be the 
most effectual way of killing Hessian flies, midges, 
and smut on grain. Has any farmer tried it? 
Live Yankees are Wanted by the enterprising manufac¬ 
turer of the Key stone Cider ajid Wine Mill, to exhibit said 
mill at the State Fairs this fall. Men of the right stamp-who 
have the snap and ‘'gift of Speech” fur such business—should 
respond to the advertisement (in this paper) of W O. Hickok, 
Harrisburg, Pa., who is a live and reliable man 
cases are by no means rare, 
chosen to leave with the third swarm, and having 
crippled wings, had fallen to the ground and been 
found there by an inexperienced or unreflecting 
bee-keeper, would lie not have inferred that queen 
bees are fertile when hatched? Isolated cases may 
prove deceptive and misleading. Only the repeated 
observation of uniform phenomena, can form the 
basis of correct and reliable conclusions. 
Tire Barley Crop of 1862.—A circular has been issued by 
Samvel R. Ford, a grain broker, in which that gentleman 
reviews the prospects of the barley crop for the present year. 
He says:—“In this State (New York; the crop will lie about 
two-thirds as much as last year, and In quality the best grown 
in several years. New York has lost much of its importance 
as a barley growing State The breadth of ground sown this 
year is not fifty per cent, as much as in 1850. This is owing 
in part to the low prices which have ruled for the last four 
years, and perhaps more to the increased certainty of the 
wheat crop, which has always been the favorite crop of our 
farmers. The season will open with a light stnek of malt on 
hand, and no old barley. In Canada West the breadth of 
ground sown was greater tliau last year, and the yield and 
quality are better than last crop. In Canada East one-third 
less breadth of ground was sown than last year. The crop 
has suffered from early drouth. Yield one-third less than an 
average. Quality better than average In Wisconsin and 
Illinois the usual breadth of ground was sown, and the crop 
will be fully an average one.” 
Packing Butter. 
A Chicago merchant, who deals largely in 
butter, gives the following directions for packing: 
In packing butter, be careful to select butter of 
one color for each firkin, work out all the milk, use 
fine dairy salt, and not so much of it as to spoil 
your butter; weigh your firkin, giving good weight, 
and mark the weight on the firkin, aud when filled; 
head it np and nail the hoops so as to keep them in 
their places, and if kept in a cellar, place them at 
least a foot from the grouud or floor, to prevent the 
dampness of the cellar from staining them, and 
when you ship, mark them as little as possible, for 
it affects the sale ot the butter from half to one 
cent per pound. In the condition in which the 
packages arrive, packers of butter will find, by 
observing the above suggestions, that they will 
often realize sufficient above the market prices to 
pay the freight and commissions on their butter to 
Chicago, or even to an eastern market. 
September Management. 
In some sections of country, where fall blossoms 
abound, bees will find pasturage during a consider¬ 
able portion of'this month; and though much of the 
honey they now gather is less palatable than that 
collected at an earlier period, it will answer well 
for their own subsistence iu the coming winter. 
But their accumulations derived from honey-dew r s 
on evergreens, generally prove injurious to the 
stock. This honey is of a very inferior quality, 
ami cannot be properly purified by the bees, be¬ 
cause of the lateness of the season at which it is 
gathered; and as it, for the most part, remains 
unsealed iu the cells, it is apt to become acid and 
produce disease, it the bees happen to be long con¬ 
fined by the severity ot the winter, or the inclem¬ 
ency of the weather. Besides this, when tempted 
to fly, by’the occurrence of such honey-dews at so 
late a period, many bees will be lost by becoming 
entangled in the webs of spiders, or be destroyed 
by hornets, which now eagerly watch for, catch, 
and devour them. 
Toward the close of the month the colonies 
usually contain very little brood; and, if kept in 
common hives, the bees of such as are not intended 
to be wintered as independent stocks, may now be 
driven out and given to the best provisioned stand¬ 
ards. The stores and combs may either be appro¬ 
priated at once, or reserved in the hive for spring 
use, to receive the earliest swarms. AA r here mova¬ 
ble-comb hives are used, it is unnecessary to deter 
these operations to so late a period, as the combs 
still containing brood may at any time be trans¬ 
ferred to the hives intended to be wintered, and 
colonies can be united without producing much 
commotion among the bees. Such colonies only as 
are in a healthy condition, have a young and fertile 
queen, and ample stores of honey and pollen, 
should be wintered, 
Rearing and Management of Swine. 
From a “Prize Essay on Swine,” as furnished 
the Iowa Uomeslead, by Dr. G. Sprague, of Butler 
Co., Iowa, we extract the following paragraphs: 
Loss of Tcnrng Pigs.— There, is generally great 
complaint among farmers, about sows casting their 
pigs, or of pigs dying off during suckling. We 
have yet had but one sow cast her pigs. She ate, 
on the day of the accident, freely of raw potatoes. 
The chill to the system, from such cold, watery food, 
may have been the cause. Young pigs, coming too 
early in the season, are very liable to die from 
becoming chilled. This can only be prevented by 
furnishing very warm quarters, or by keeping the 
sows from the male till nearly mid-winter. Some 
farmers always have good luck with pigs and other 
stock. This lack, so called, is the reward of vigi¬ 
lance. Let the unlucky pattern after Euch, and we 
will hear less complaint. 
Winter Shelter .—The greater portion of the pigs 
throughout the country are confined in open rail 
pens, without bedding, while the straw stack is rot¬ 
ting near by. This is a severe punishment to the 
swine—involves itu unnecessary consumption of 
food, and altogether furnishes a sad commentary 
upon swine breeding and growing, as generally 
practiced. Some farmers excuse this want of care, 
by saying that swine are liable to mange if freely 
bedded. The excuse is without a single fact to sus¬ 
tain it, as we firmly believe. AVe have used both 
prairie hay aud straw lor bedding tender-skinned 
pigs, and “the more they get ot either, the cleaner 
and warmer they will be. 
Fattenim Swine ,—Early pigs intended for killing 
the first winter, can only be fitted for this by liberal 
feeding on appropriate feed from weaning time. 
Cooked food is highly advantageous, audit will pay 
to cook lood for swine for early killing, as you 
thereby ensure a more rapid growth, rendering 
S swiue of marketable weight at nine or ten 
s. Oats, cut with the scythe daily, as soqu as 
in milk, will cause swine to grow and fatten rapidly. 
They will not waste the grain, but save all that is 
fed to them, if in moderation. The high value of 
oats for swine ia not generally appreciated by 
farmers, Ground and cooked food for sw ine affords 
a material saving over feeding grain in the raw 
state. AVhere grain is expensive, and labor not too 
much of an object, this plan of feeding Bhould be 
always followed. But in the West, where corn is 
only worth twelve or fifteen cents per bushel, and 
all other food in proportion, the question is then one 
of convenience. If the farmer or his sons, or hired 
help, has any time to idle away, let him by all 
means devote a portion of this time to cooking food 
for his swine. Under such, circumstances, there 
need be no question in his mind as to its being a 
paying operation to cook food for swine. 
Lakgb Wheat Crop — California Farming .— A San Jose 
(Cal.) paper of the 3d ult. gives the following as a sample of 
the farming operations, and inexhaustible wealth of the soil, 
in that region:—“On one ram’h of four thousand acres, 
fifteen miles south of San Jose, Mr. Gborgb II Dogfish has 
twenty-seven hundred acres of wheat, besides scveial hun¬ 
dred acres of other grain, now nearly ready for harvesting. 
The magnitude of this enterprise can only be appreciated as 
one attempts to look over this immense sea of grain, waving 
and rippling in the breeze. It is estimated tliat the yield of 
wheat alone will not be far from One hundred thousand 
bushels. It would require 510,000 worth of sacks to bring 
this wheat to market. For a less sum than that, Mr. Bodfish 
intends to erect a fire-proof brick warehouse, and store his 
grain in bulk. For so large a crop of the best wheat, buyers 
will not be wanting who will be willing to dispense with the 
sacking process. This is a move iu the right direction, and 
will inaugurate in this State the more economical Eastern 
method of handling grain iu bulk.” 
Autumn or Winter Manuring the Best. 
Tuf, Country Gentleman says:—“ Nearly all the 
benefits of autumn manuring may be secured, 
where cattle and other animals are kept in stables 
or warm basements, by drawing out the manure 
during the comparatively leisure time of winter, 
and spreading it at once on the land. The winter 
rains, whenever they occur, and all the spring 
rains, will give it a thorough washing, and carry 
the liquid into the soil; but such places must be 
selected for this purpose as will not favor the accu¬ 
mulation of water into brooks or streams, and thus 
carry off the manure altogether. Grass lands are 
much the best for this treatment, by lending to retain 
the manure. Nothing is better for gardens that are 
to be enriched for spring crops, than autumn or win¬ 
ter application of manure; aud newly planted trees, 
dwarf pears, strawberry beds, Ac., receive a great 
deal of protection against cold by such coatings, 
which are to be turned in in spring. 
To Keep Flea Beetles from Cabbages.— 
A\ T . R. J. D., of Salamanca, N. Y., did not know 
how to keep the flea beetle from his cabbages and 
turnips till yon told him to dust lime or ashes on 
the plants while the dew was on. 1 use road dust 
with the very best success. Gather a barrel or two 
while the roads are very dry, and what you don’t 
use on your plants, be sure and throw into a large 
box lor your bens to wallow in in the winter, 
Poultry.—Profits, Management. Ac.—Some 
eight or ton weeks Bince, S. AV., ot Fairfield, N. A’,, 
(my native, town, but S. AV.. who are you?) gave in 
the Rural some account of bis management ol hens, 
profits. Ac. There is so much said about hens “eat¬ 
ing themselves up,” that I was induced in the year 
1859, while conducting a farm at Utica, N. Y., to 
keep a strict account, and here it is: 
HEN ACCOUNT. 
dedication of Tire college buildings. 
Thb friends of Agricultural Education throughout the 
State, and in other States, are respectfully invited to attend 
the Dedication of the buildings of the Agricultural College 
of Pennsylvania, to take place on Wednesday, the 3d of Sep¬ 
tember next. 
They are reminded that this Institution is situated in Centre 
Co., nine miles southwest of Bellefonte, near the geographical 
center of the State, and that it is accessible either by the 
Penn. Central U. R. to Spruce Creek Station, or by the Sun- 
bury & Erie R. R. to Lock Haven. From Spruce Creek visit¬ 
ors reach the College, twenty miles distant, either by private 
conveyance or by stage. From Lock Haven they reach Belle¬ 
fonte by stage, and thence come to tho School by stage or 
livery accommodations. 
Strangers are informed that this is a State Institution, incor¬ 
porated in 1854, and built up since that time at an expense of 
about 5200,000. It has been in operation with unfinished 
buildings, and an attendance of over one hundred students, 
for nearly four years. Its buildings are now about being 
completed, and lienee the dedication. Prominent speakers 
are expected upon the occasion. 
Persons intending to be present at the dedication, are re¬ 
quested to inform me of the fact, that provision may be made 
for their getting from the railroad station to the College- 
Agricultural College. Fa., Aug. 21, 1862. E. Pugh. 
f"??” The Pemi. Central R. R. Company have generously 
agreed to sell excursion tickets to Spruce Creek Station, at 
half the usual fare, on the 1st, 2d and 3d of September— good 
i/i raiMti, until the 6th of September. 8- p ' 
Raising Wheat. 
The New Hampshire Journal of Agricidture, 
in an article upon wheat-growing, speaks thus con¬ 
cerning the preparation of the soil lor a crop ol' this 
cereal: 
“Drive the plow deep in summer’s heat, 
And you'll have wheat to sell and eat. " 
August is the month—the best month in all the 
year—to prepare the soil for a crop of wheat, whether 
we raise spring or winter wheat. The soil must be 
thoroughly prepared in August for winter wheat; 
and if a crop ol' spring wheat is to be grown there 
the following season, there will be more wheat than 
it the soil is plowed in any of the months in autumn 
or winter. 
I have observed, in many sections of our country, 
tffat those farmers who make and apply to their soil 
a good dressing of manure once in three or four 
years, succeed in raising about as good a crop of 
wheat, after barley or oats, as those who Bummer- 
The attempt to carry leeble 
stocks through the winter will almost invariably 
end in disappointment, besides being attended with 
continual vexatiou.bf spirit. The making of artifi¬ 
cial colonies, properly employed, is of incalculable 
importance in bee culture, mainly because we cau 
thereby always secure a mpply of young and vigor¬ 
ous queens, but it becomes ruinous to an apiary, 
when the beekeeper multiplies stock injudiciously 
and inordinately, and then undertakes to winter 
his feeble and ill-provisioned colonies. None should 
be reserved for wintering but 6uch as have at least 
twelve pounds (nett) of sealed honey on the first 
of October, and have sound clean combs, a healthy 
vigorous queen, and bees enough to cover live or 
six combs when clustered on them in the evening. 
All that fall below this standard should be broken 
up, adding the bees to other stocks, and using the 
stores for further provisioning the weaker of those 
To 6 hens and 1 cock, at 2s, 
To 6 bushels shelled corn, at 8s, 
To other feed for chicks,. 
Profit,__ 
By 47 dozen eggs sold,.58 00 
By 63>£ dozen eggs used in family,.9 50 
\ By 36 chickens sold, (half grown,).6 12 
i By 23 “ on hand, (at end of year,) at 2s,. ..5 75 
$29 37 
Beat this if you can. Who has done it? The eggs 
| and chicks were sold in Utica—the eggs when the 
( price was up, the chickens alive and when half 
L grown. The eggs used were estimated at the same 
