comes they are kept on good hay, and thus they 
learn the difference between cheap and costly living. 
Oxen of the right br ed are very readily fattened, 
and their beef is bette~ than that of cows or young 
cattle, and brings mor' in the market 
■When farmers quit Tiising and keeping oxen, peo¬ 
ple must quit eating beef and tanning ox hides. 
Flax Shed.— A gentleman who has lately returned from the 
West, reports to the Boston Commercial Bulletin that the 
crop of linBeed is very large this year, probably quadruple 
any precious year in Ohio, although in the vicinity of St Louis 
it is not more lha* double, for the reason farmers could not 
procure seed enough to supply their wants at planting time 
The high price of linseed lost spring, and the low prices of 
corn in consequence of the rebellion cutting off the Southern 
markets, is the cause of this great increase The present 
high price of Calcutta will cause fanners to rush into market, 
and as the Western crusher* contracted last spring for all 
they can now pay for, a large proportion of the crop will find 
its way east ward Already large sales have been made for 
delivery in New Turk during September, at about $1 85. with¬ 
out bags. The crop of Ohio is now estimated at a million 
bushels ; and if the rebellion continues, the West will in 
another year produce linseed enough to supply the United 
States and have a surplus for exportation The imports of 
late years into Boston and New Turk from the East Indies, 
were two or three million bushels. 
whole length of the seaboard for the purpose. Rock- 
weed and mueclebed have long been used to a 
limited extent, and with satisfactory results, but 
they are too bulky and heavy for long transporta¬ 
tion. A more important fertilizer is found in the 
migratory fish which swarm on the coast, which can 
be taken in immense quantities. The business of 
catching them has of late years assumed considera¬ 
ble importance in some of the shore towns, in the 
manufacture of fish oil from pogies. and many ves¬ 
sel loads of oil are annually exported and sold, to be 
used chiefly in the preparation of leather. The fish 
are first boiled, and then pressed. After pressure 
there remains a pumice, or chum, as it is called, 
which was formerly thrown away, but has latterly 
been used in a rough way for manure, and mostly 
with good results, but not always, as so active and 
powerful a substance should be thoroughly com¬ 
posted or prepared and used with care. 1 he chum 
is dried by exposure to the sun and air, upon a plat¬ 
form, with a shed to protect it from rains and fogs. 
It is then ground and packed for transportation. 
One man at Eastport made 150 tuns of this “fish 
guano,” as it is called, last year, from herrings, 
which was sold to go to Connecticut, where the 
manufacture and use of fish guano has created a 
greater demand than can be supplied by the amount 
made there. It readily commands $30 per tun. 
PENNSYLVANIA 
that they will not last twenty, if properly made- 
during w hich time the crop is insured in its germi¬ 
nation, (it properly put in.) from rust, and most ot 
the insects which infest wheat grown on sour, water- 
burdened soils. Will it not pay terrain, granting 
the premises correct?—and few will be likely to 
dissent from them if they have had any experience 
in the matter. The figures used are moderate— 
within the range of fact—not too small nor too great 
One lesson is enough at once if it is thoroughly 
learned. There are others that are supported by 
figures as convincing as anybody’s logic. It will be 
a good plan to look after them. 
A SUGGESTED IMPROVEMENT TO A WEEDER. 
The reader will remember an engraving of a 
weeding implement published in lbs Rural, on 
natre 229. current volume. Geo. B- Davis. of stiaw- 
Erie, Erie_ 
Bucks. Newtown.. 
Susquehanna. Montrose.. 
Beaver, Beaver_ 
Washington, Wa-hiugton 
Chester, Westchester_ 
Lawrence New Castle_ 
Luzerne. WiltceshXTre_ 
Sn viler. Mi-idlehiirv_ 
Crawford. Conneauiville. 
■(postponed) 
| r Pt. 24, 25 
-f c Pt 24, 25 
bent, 24_og 
S'-Pt, 24 
■Sept. 26, 27 
Indiana. Indiana 
History of one Shetp. 
The Rural has always favored such boys as 
cling to the old horotvdead, and we publish the fol¬ 
lowing article from tp Country Gentleman, exhibit¬ 
ing what a junior Ins done, in the hope that the 
patriarchs will cOBfjp in “Young America,” and 
that the juveniles tnfey seek those immunities and 
benefits which of rigb belong to them: 
I read in the >'- yJ.W^us, under date of May 31st. 
that it was not proE able to save twin lambs for 
breeders, stating that the sheep were smaller and 
the growth of wool w; * less. Now. I will give you 
the history of one sleep which is kept upon my 
father's farm, and owned by my youngest brother, 
James T. Beal, a lad < f some thirteen summene. 
The sheep I am speaking about, is from a small, 
fine wool ewe. and a splendid buck, (cross between 
the Cotswold and Soul Down,) from the yard of Col. 
Joseph JuKand, of Bunbridge. She was dropped 
Feb. 18th, 185G. Tha old ewe would not own her, 
so we were obliged j raise her as a cosset She 
was a very small lamV for when she was a week old 
she could not have beff larger than a large rat. But 
she grew finely, and row is ranch larger than her 
dam. taking after the buck. I presume, for size. 
She did not have a 
years old, and then ri 
the other a ewe, 
Columbia, llloomsburg 
MICHIGAN 
A'an Buren, Paw Paw . 
Kalamazoo, Kalamazoo 
Monroe. Monroe _ 
Shiawassee Ovvosso_ 
Hillsdale. Hillsdale_ 
Jackson,Jackson. 
Ear on___ 
Casa, Cassopolis_ 
-Oct g-io 
Sept. 30—Oct. o 
....Oct. 8 —10 
OHIO, 
Cuyahoga, Cleveland. 
Payette, Washington C. H. 
Coshocton Coshocton.... 
Geauga, Burton. . 
Franklin, Columbus. 
Medina, Medina_ 
Defiance. Defiance_ 
Highland. Hillsboro. 
Ciinton. Wilmington_ 
Pickaway. Ciroleville. 
CarrolL Carrollton. 
Ashland. Ha.vesviile. 
Columbiana. New Lisbon. 
Clermont Bantam-- 
Huron. Milan.. 
Knox. Mt. Vernon.. 
Ashtabula Jefferson_ 
Miami. Troy. 
Lorain Union. Wellington 
Lake, Paincsvtlle.. 
Champaign. Urbana_ 
Ashland, Ashland_ 
....Sept. 3— 6 
....Sept 3 - j 
....Sept 8-io 
-Sept. 9—11 
-Sept. 9-12 
-Sept. 9-12 
_Sept. 10—12 
_Sept 10—12 
-Sept, 10—12 
-Sept. 10—12 
-Sept 14—lo 
-Sept 23-25 
-Sept. 23—25 
-Sept. 23-26 
_Sept 24—26 
-Sept 24—26 
-Sept 24-26 
-Sept 24—26 
-Sept, 24-26 
.Sept, 30—Oct 2 
Sept, 80—Oct 3 
.Sept 30—Oet. 3 
Sept 30—Oct. S 
Sept 30—Oet. 3 
Cotto.v A sd Tobacco itf Illinois —According to the jour¬ 
nals in Southern Illinois, the cotton fields look well, and the 
crop is estimated to yield a- high as 25,000 bales this season. 
More would have been planted if seed could have been hail, 
The cotton lands of Southern Illinois nearly equal those of 
Tennessee or Mississippi, and, with success tills year, the Crop 
of 1863 may reach 100.000 bales. Tobacco there also equals 
anticipations. w 
Tnt Union Ao. Society of Ridgeway and Shelby, celebra¬ 
ted for enterprise in former years, announces that its 5tb 
Annual Fair—to be held at Medina next week (Sept. 10.11.12) 
—will close with a Grand Union Mass Meeting, whereat 
Parson Brownlow will make a War Speech. A Steam Fire 
Engine is to be operated on the Fair Grounds. With'such 
attractions, and liberal premiums, the Fair can scarcely fail 
of being largely attended and successful. 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker:— This is always an 
important question, and never more so than now. 
Upon itfi prompt and proper answer depends, in a 
great measure, our success through life. The dif¬ 
ferent ways in which men answer this question, 
makes the difference in men and their usefulness: 
or, perhaps, it would be full as correct to say. that 
the difference in the men makes the difference in the 
response to the query. 1 do not, however, wish to 
dip into metaphysics, but only to make a few prac¬ 
tical suggestions. I recollect very well the first 
time I seriously asked myself this question. I had 
left school, and was to choose between a trade, a 
profession, commerce, and farming. I had always 
ioved to work in the soil, cultivated a few flowers 
and plants, and my inclination was in this direction, 
but I observed that farmeis did not seem to grow 
wealthy, did not receive much honor or applause, 
or acquire ranch fame. Everybody said they were 
the main-stay of society, the honest men of the 
land, and the producers of all its wealth, but when 
honors or offices were to be bestowed, the farmers 
were generally forgotten. Being, perhaps, some¬ 
what ambitious, like most young men, I was a little 
captivated by the glitter of the tinsel, and looked 
disparagingly upon the pure gold. Fortunately for 
me. about that time one ot those revulsions in trade, 
so frequent, and somewhat periodical, occurred, and 
I beheld the wealth and splendor of the rich vanish 
like the dew before the morning sun, and then I saw 
sorrow and distress, pride and poverty, that worst 
of all mixtures, united, and its sad, heart-destroying 
effects. Following this tv as a political change, for 
the party in power was charged with being the 
authors of the difficulty, and men who knew not how 
to work and were too proud to beg. descended from 
their high pinnacle—those who before had despised 
the farmer, would now gladly take his place, and 
looked with longing eyes upon his comforts, his 
peace of mind, and his independence. I was not 
long in determining my course, preferring solid 
prosperity before uncertain and ephemeral splen¬ 
dor, and I have had no reason to regret ray choice. 
For more than two score years I have pursued ihe 
calling of a farmer, and though when this question 
as to the choice of a calling was once settled, it 
was decided forever, not a season has passed 
but 1 have asked myself the important question, 
“What shall I do?” Circumstances often arise 
that puzzle the farmer, and cause him to hesi¬ 
tate and think. I know some men act as though 
they never thought, as though everything hap¬ 
pened, as though they were entirely controlled 
by circumstances, instead of being movers of cir¬ 
cumstances. Such men are but servants, or 1 
may say slaves, driven one way or the other by 
every favorable or adverse breeze, aud exercising 
no masterly control over their own business. 1 
know circumstances must be taken into account, 
and it is the circumstances in which we are placed 
that cause us to ask ourselves the important ques¬ 
tion. what we shall do; but after we have once 
made up our minds as to the best course, let us pur¬ 
sue our plan with an energy and vigor that knows 
no defeat 
Some farmers seem always to be asking the ques¬ 
tion, and never getting an answer. They are con¬ 
stantly in a stew: perhaps half make up their minds 
to one course to-day, and to-morrow they are on a 
new track. They will commence a system or rota¬ 
tion of crops, and never get along more than one or 
two years in carrying out the plan, before a change 
is made. If the midge comes along and destroys a 
crop of wheat, they will never grow wheat again. 
After a year or two some neighbor gets a good crop, 
and at once every acre that can be so employed 
must be put into wheat. Potatoes are selling high 
to eastern buyers, and there is nothing like them tor 
apaying crop; but when they have theirs grown, the 
price happens to be down, and potatoes are aban¬ 
doned. The next year they see their more stable 
neighbors get a dollar a bushel for shipping, and of 
course grumble at their ill luck. The frost kills the 
peach buds, and for a year or two there is no crop 
of any consequence. The trees must be cut down, 
for they have waited long enough. Peaches will 
not amount to anything in this section again. Won¬ 
derful to relate, the very next season a friend across 
the road sells a thousand dollars worth of this 
fruit I want to say more on this subject, but for 
the present, think, and be stable, is the advice of 
ari Old Farmer. 
Full Flowing to Destroy Insects. 
At a meeting of the Dubuque Farmer’s Club, a 
brief report of which we find in the Iowa Farmer, 
the subject indicated by our caption was discussed, 
and the following facts elicited: 
Mr Davis made some remarks in regard to the 
expediency of fall plowing versus spring plowing, 
as being the best means of destroying the bugs that 
devastate the wheat fields. 
Mr, II. S. Hetherington said his experience in 
regard to the chinch bug is that it makes very little 
difference in that reEpect whether the ground is 
plowed in the tall or spring. His small grain was 
all on spring plowing, aud several fields that he had 
visited were about equally affected, whether plowed 
in the spring nr fall. He was of the opinion that 
the bug winters in the corn stalks, and if examined 
early in the spring, there they will be found. After 
the grain harvest, there is no crop that will afford 
them so good a feed as the corn crop, consequently 
they will remain in the corn until cold weather 
overtakes them, and hibernate there. He believed 
the best plan to destroy them is to burn the corn 
stalks, or stubble, where they are found. 
Portage, Ravenna 
Lorain, Elyria... 
Hardin, Kinton_ 
Shelby. Sidney .. 
Harrison. Cadiz__ 
Morrow. Mt. Gilead_ 
Seneca Tiffin___ 
Summit. Akron.. 
Wayne, Wooster.. 
Lawrence. Ironton_ 
Trumbull. Dak Grove_ 
Tuscarawas Valley. Masillon.. 
Richland. Mansfield. 
Morgan. MeConnellsville. 
Tuscarawas New Philadelphia 
Williams Brvan_ 
Logan Belletontaine_ 
Delaware Delaware_ 
Greene. Xenia. 
Stark. Canton.. 
Union, Marysville .. 
lambs until she was three 
ed a nice pair—one a buck. 
tYhi a the lambs were a year old. 
he had them sheared. The old ewe never sheared 
lees than six pounds One of the lambs sheared 
eight and a half, and lie other seven and a fourth 
pounds. When the l^ribs were a year old. the old 
ewe had another pair c lambs; both were ewes. 
When his first pair <f lam lie were two years old, 
he sheared the five, t-ceiving on an average per 
head about seven pou ds o 1 wool of good quality. 
The old ewe had anott r pair of ewes—also his first 
ewe lamb had one, and bis yearling ewes had each 
of them one. making :ve lambs from four sheep, 
which gave him nine sheep, which he wintered. 
He would have bad teesheep, but last fall we killed 
the male sheep of his f -st pair. His meat weighed 
102 pounds, besides the pell and tallow. 
This spring the old we had another fine pair of 
lambs—one a buck, tb- other a ewe, making eight 
lambs that she has hai in three years. His ewe 
that is three years old lad this spring a nice pair of 
ewe lambs; also, bis eves that are two years old 
had each of them two hmbs, making lour pairs of 
twin lambs this spring. Also, two of his yearling 
ewes have had a lamb, making an aggregate of 20 
sheep in throe years Cum one ewe. He had his 
sheep sheared the 24th tf May, and his flock aver¬ 
aged about 6$ lbs. per h>ad. 
My brother takes the whole care of them, both 
summer and winter. H- salts them regularly once 
a week, sees that they lave good clear water con¬ 
stantly, and has them sheared according to his own 
notion. He has his lanbs come about the last of 
April or the first of Mty, so that they can have 
plenty of grass, with tie milk from the dam, to 
make them grow rapidly. He lost one last winter, 
when about half grown. It was one of his yearling 
ewes that Jot it. lie noticed iu tbe morning, when 
he fed them, that she was sick, and in the afternoon 
be took tbe lamb from her, when she got well with¬ 
out further trouble. 
I write this to let others know what he is doing, 
and let them judge whether he is a shepherd or not. 
I would like to hear from others, who make a busi¬ 
ness of raising sheep, upon this subject, whether it 
is profitable to save twin lambs or not. 
Let the boys of our country try their hands at 
raising line stock, (for many times they will excel 
their lathers.) and then they will have something to 
encourage them to follow the most independent 
calling upon earth. Give the boys a chance to 
show what they can do on the farm, and more boys 
will take pride in staying at home and tilling their 
lathers farms. The reason why so many young 
men at the present day are dissatisfied with farm¬ 
ing, is because they do not have a chance to experi¬ 
ment for themselves, and they leave their homes, 
cursing the farm and every ihing connected with it. 
Boys in this “enlightened day” think they know 
something; and sure enough* they do. All they 
want is a chance to show what they can do in the 
line of raising tine stock. Let those men who are 
aide, give their sons some stock to raise and a piece 
of ground to till, and try and educate them in this 
important branch of business; for in a few short 
years the boys of the present generation will have 
to occupy their fathers' places. 
The Uop Crop—T he Fremxani Journal. Cooperstown, 
Otsego Co., of the 29th ult . says:—Hop-picking will com¬ 
mence in this county next week. Prices will be likely to 
rat., from three to five cents according to quality—therefore 
it is to the interest, of growers to bring their hops to market 
in prime order The crop, as it now appears on the vines, is 
superb in quality and fair in quantity. Dealers are offering 
to contract the new crop at 15 to 10 cents. The transactions, 
however, are limited." 
AGRICULTURAL EXHIBITIONS FOR 1862. 
INDIANA 
Below we give a list of the National. State, Provincial. 
County and Local Agricultural Fairs for 1862. so far as ascer¬ 
tained. The list has been carefully compiled from our corre¬ 
spondence and exchanges, and is, we think, the largest and 
most complete obtainable under the circumstances. The list 
compares favorably with those of former years, especially 
considering the fact that only the Loyal States and Canada are 
represented, and that many Societies omit their usual Exhi¬ 
bitions in consequence of the war excitement, 
NATIONAL AND PROVINCIAL FAIRS. 
National Wine Fair, U S . Washington D. C.Jan. 14, ’63 
National Horse Fair, Williamsport, Pa_Sept. 2— 6 
World's ltorsc Fair, Chicago. Ill...Sept, 2—16 
American Institute New York. Entries for prizes till Dec. 15 
Canada East, Sherbrooke....Sept. 17—19 
Canada West, Toronto...Sept. 22—26 
Morgan. Centerton_ 
Sullivan, Carlisle . — 
Decatur. Greensburg . 
Wabash, Wabash_ 
Posey. New Harmony 
Fulton. Rochester.... 
ILLINOIS, 
...Sept. 2— 4 
...Sept. 3— 5 
...Oet. 8-10 
...Sept. 9-12 
...Sept 10-12 
...Sept 10-13 
...8ept. 14—17 
...Sept. 16 
...Sept 16-19 
...Sept. 16—19 
...Sept. 16—19 
...Sept. 16—19 
...Sept 10-18 
...Sept. 17—19 
...Sept 17—19 
...Sept 17—19 
...Sept. 17—20 
...Sept 18-21 
...Sept. 22—26 
...Sept 22-26 
...Sept 23-26 
...Sept. 23—25 
...Sept. 0-12 
...Sept 24, 25 
___8ept 23—26 
...Sept. 23-26 
...Sept. 23—26 
_Sept 23—25 
...Sept 23—26 
...Sept 24, 25 
.. .OCpV, »T-fiv 
_Sept 24-26 
_Sept. 24—26 
_Sept. 25—27 
Sept. 29-Oct 1 
Sept 29—Oct. 4 
Cass, Virginia.... 
Henry. Cambridge. 
McHenry. McHenry ... 
Morgan.’Jacksonville.. 
DeKalb, Sycamore_ 
Coles. Charleston- 
Bureau. Princeton. 
Hillsborough... 
Montgomery, Hillsboro 
Hancock. CBrthage_ 
Whitesides, Morrison.. 
Winnebago, Rockford . 
Grutid*. Morris.. 
Dul’age. Wheaton. 
Carroll. Mt Carroll- 
Kankakee Kankakee.. 
Pike. Pittsfield ....... 
Champaign. Urbana_ 
Macon, Decatur- 
Sangamon. Springfield. 
Kendall. Bristol_ 
Boon. Belvjdere- 
Vermillion. Catlin_ 
Richland. Gluey__ 
Logan Uniou. Atlanta . 
McCdupin. Carlinville. 
Knox, Knoxville- 
Mercer. Mil'ershurg_ 
Jo Daviess, Galena .... 
Marion. Salem_ 
|l !■»•«»» « *t -- 
Tazewell. Tremoot_ 
DeKalb DeKalb- 
Kane. Geneva.. 
LaSalle. Ottawa. 
Union Fair. Warren- 
Ja'per, Newton- 
Jefferson. Mt Vernon. 
Shelby. Sbelbyviile- 
Lee Dixon.. 
St. Clair. Belleville- 
Christian. Taylorsville . 
Greene. Carrollton- 
Warren, Monmouth... 
Madison. Edwardiville. 
Edgar. Paris_...- 
Piatt Monticelio- 
Fulton. Le weston. 
Moultrie, Sullivan. 
Stephenson, Freeport.. 
Monroe, Waterloo. 
America the fJraimry of the World. 
In his book ol travels in the United States, re¬ 
cently published. Mr. Trollope says:—I was at 
Chicago and at Buffalo in October. 1861. I went 
down to the graDarieB, and climbed up into the ele¬ 
vators. I saw the wheat running in rivers from 
one vessel to another, and from railroad vans up 
into huge bins on the top stories of the warehouses: 
for there rivers of lood run up hill as easily as they 
do down. I saw corn measured by tbe forty bushel 
measure with as much ease as we measure an ounce 
of cheese, and with greater rapidity. I ascertained 
that the work Avent on. week-day and Sunday, day 
and night incessantly; rivers of wheat and rivers of 
maize ever running. I saw men bathed in corn as 
they distributed it in its flow. I saw bins by the 
score laden with wheat, in each of which bins there 
was space for a comfortable residence. 1 breathed 
the flour, ami drank the flour, and felt myself to be 
enveloped in a world of breadstuff. And then 1 
believed, understood, and brought it home to my¬ 
self as a fact, that here in the corn lands of Mich¬ 
igan, and amid the bluffs of Wisconsin, and on the 
high table plains of Minnesota, and the prairies of 
Illinois, had God prepared the food for the increas¬ 
ing millions of the Eastern World, as also for the 
coming millions of the Western. 1 began to know 
what it was for a country to overflow with milk and 
honey, to burst with its fruits, and be smothered by 
its own riches. From St. Faul down the Mississippi, 
by the shores of Wisconsin and Iowa—by the ports 
on Lake Pepin—by La Crosse, from which one rail¬ 
way runs eastward—by Prairie du Chien, the ter¬ 
minus of a second—by Dnnlieth. Fulton, and Rock 
Island, from which three other lines run eastward, 
all through that wonderful State of Illinois—the 
farmer's glory—along the ports of the great Lake?, 
through Michigan, Illinois. Ohio, and further Penn¬ 
sylvania, up to Buffalo, the great gate of the West¬ 
ern Ceres, the loud cry was this—“ How shall we 
rid ourselves of our corn and wheat?” The result 
has been the passage of 60,000,000 bushels of bread- 
stuffs through that gate in one year! Let those who 
are susceptible of statistics ponder that. For them 
who are not, I can only give this advice. Let them 
go to Buffalo next October and look for themselves. 
STATE FAIRS. 
New York. Rochester... 
Illinois Horticultural, Chicago--- 
AViaconsin. Madison .... 
Wisconsin Agr. & Meeh.. Milwaukee. 
New Hampshire. Concord-.....- 
Vermont. Rutland.... 
Ohio, Cleveland... 
Kentucky. Louisville. 
Minnesota. St. Paul.. 
American Homological Society, Boston, Mass 
Michigan. Detroit. -—- 
Illinois. Peoria.. 
Iowa. Dubuque,,......- 
Pennsylvania. Norristown.. 
Indiana, Indianapolis_ 
New Jersey. Newark___ 
California Sacramento_,- 
rVm nontiout Hertford ----- - - - 
Kentucky Ag'I and Meeh'l, Lexington... 
Sept. 30—Oct 3 
....Sept. 8-13 
....(postponed) 
_Sept 9-12 
_(postponed) 
-Sept. 9—12 
....Sept. 10-19 
_Sept 16—20 
-Sept 17—19 
....Sept. 17-19 
_Sept. 23—26 
_(postponed) 
Sept. 30—Oet 3 
,Sept 30—Oct. 3 
Sept 30 —Oct. 3 
Sept. 30—Oct. 3 
Sept 30—Oct i 
COUNTY FAIRS.—NEW YORK. 
Allegany. Angelica... 
Broome, Binghamton 
Cattaraugus, Olean_ 
Cayuga. Auburn_ 
Chenango, Norwich .. 
Chautauqua. Panama. 
...Sept, 24—26 
...Sept. 11 12 
...Sept 23—25 
...Sept 17—19 
. ..Sept. 24—26 
...Sept 17, 18 
_Sept 11. IS 
...Sept. 25, 26 
...Sept 24-26 
...Sept, 17, 18 
...Oct. 8—10 
...Sept IS. 19 
...Sept 15-19 
...Sept 24—26 
...Sept 24—26 
...Sept. 23, 24 
...Sept 2— 6 
...Sept. 23—25 
Sept. 30—Oct 1 
...Sept 10—18 
...Sept 23—28 
...Sept. 16. 17 
...Sept. 25. 20- 
Sept 30—Oct 1 
....Sept, in-12 
-Sept 23—25 
_Sept. 23—25 
Cortland. Homer .... 
Delaware. Franklin_ 
Tompkins, Ithaca .... 
Gene-ice, Batavia.... 
Jefferson, Watertown- 
Livingston, Genesoo__ 
Ontario, Canandaigua..... 
Orleans, Albion..... 
Oswego. Fulton.. 
Queens, Newtown.... 
Rensselaer, Lausingburg.... 
Putnam. I.ake Mahopac. 
Steuben, Bath.... 
Wyoming Warsaw- 
Saratoga. Saratoga Springs. 
Ulster. Kingston.... 
Washington. Salem-- 
Lewis. Turin. 
Albany. Albany.——. 
Cayuga Southern Sherwood's Comers, 
Essex. Elizabethtown... 
Greene. Cairo_ 
Oneida, Rome...,. 
St, Lawrence, Canton- 
AVestchester, Mt. Vernon.. 
Fulton, Glovorsville.. 
Schoharie. Schoharie.. 
Tioga, Onego....... 
.VKW TORK VXION AND TOWS FAIRS. 
Alton, Afton---- 
Barton. Factoryville.-...- 
Susquehanna Valley. Unadilla- 
Aurora, Aurora..-... 
Constantsa. Constantia... 
Columbus. Columbus... 
Dryden, Drvdeu.—...- 
Genesee Valley, Nunda- 
Oxford. Oxford..... 
Canaseraga Dinsrille..... 
Seneca Falls Union, Seneca Falls. 
Tc-nawanda Valley, Attica.—.. 
Dundee Union, Dundee.. .. 
Brockport Union. Brockport--- 
Brookfield Union, Brookfield- 
Chautauqua Union, Fredonia- 
Vienna, North Bay....— 
Palmyra Union, Palmyra--- 
Smitliville, Smithville Flats.. 
Roseudale, Rosendale ..—.. 
Harpursvflle. Harpursville..... 
Ridgeway and Shelby Union. Medina. 
Rusbville Umon, Uushville... 
KENTUCKY. 
Boyd, Ashland 
WISCONSIN, 
Sept. 9—11 
.Sept. 9—11 
.Sept. 16—18 
.Sept. 16— IS 
Sept. 17, IS 
Sept. 17, 18 
.Sept. 17, 18 
.Sept. 24. 25 
.Sept. 24—26 
.Sept. 26, 26 
Oct. 2, 3 
Bal mouth-- 
Walworth, Elkboro. 
Fond du Lac, Fond du Lac.. 
Racine. Union Grove. 
Green Lake Berlin. 
Sheboygan. Sheboygan Falls. 
St Croix. Hudson- 
Jefferson. Lake Mills. 
Columbia. Portage- 
Adams, Friendship. 
Eau Claire, Ean Claire. 
Vernon, Viroqua.. 
IOWA 
Audubon, Green's Mill.. 
Mahaska, O.-kaloosa. 
Marshall, Marshall ..—----- 
Polk, Destuoiites-- 
Benton, Vinton.. 
Washington. Washington... 
Hardin. Eldora.-. 
Butler, Butler Center... 
Guthrie. Guthrie Center. 
Harrison, Magnolia-- 
Wheatland, Wheatland.. 
Cent. Iowa Dist. Ag'I Society, Desmoines 
Chickasaw, New Hampton.. 
Lucas. Chariton —--- 
Scott, Davenport. 
Cedar Valtey. Cedar Falls. 
Lioh, Cedar Rapids.. 
Jones. AnBmosa.--... 
Floyd ..... 
Bremer, Waverly....-. 
Jackson. Maquoketa... 
Cedar, near Springdale.-. 
Cedar, Tipton.—.-. 
MINNESOTA. 
Union. Hampton ..-. 
Rice, Faribault.. 
Ramsey, with State, SL Paul.. 
Dodge, Waseqja- 
oxen should not be kepi nan so long, tnougn some j, UU dred me 
work till they are fourteen. But after admitting so fill old resrin 
much, we may be allowed to say a word or two in “go and do 
favor ot the practice of keeping oxen. crusb the rel 
And first as to the cost of the animals. Oxen of ar<! arousc '' 
equal weight with tbe horses are bought for one Y’e^arejusti 
half price. Oxen are worth something after they corre l^ ut h 
are worn out in work—horses are not the fact tha 
Oxen are not half so liable to disease as horses uave^ffected 
are. An insurer will ask fourfold more for insuring 
the health o f horses than of oxen. fill rr i 
The gearing for oxen costs less by half than that and agents a 
of horses. A wooden yoke lasts longer than leather thC!r r*P era 
harness, and it is put on and off in half the time. The KtTIiAl 
One chain answers for two oxen, but two horses patrioUc ab( 
must have four. Oxen are more patient than t , ause of tb( 
horses, and will carry a more even yoke. They m ake any s; 
start a load better than horses, particularly in a ing its subs 
snow path, where the runners stick to the snow. in most c»s< 
Oxen can be entrusted with hired men at less risk effictent sut 
than horses. They are soon taught to draw the tht ' re ^ n 
plow, and are driven by the plowman without any ^ hej . e the 
reins. 
TVe have not a large proportion of farms without cheese ] 
rocks and stumps, and where the land is rocky there censu3 c ,f u 
is no comparison between oxen and horses. the several i 
In regard to cost of keeping, there would be but Ashtabula, 
little difference if both were kept on the same food. Huron. 42, i 
But many of our farmers keep oxen through the 62 , 200 : Med 
winter on coarse hay, straw and basks, which would Trumbu0 - 
not keep horses alive. serve Gea 
Our own oxen (half-blood Devon) never have any tejritorJr( d , 
but cheap hay, husks, Ac., through the winter, 0 f cheese ai 
though they labor much of the time. When April $ 1 ,091,522.2 
MAINE 
Waldo. Belfast. . 
North Franklin. Phillips — 
Sagadahoc. TopsUaru . 
North Waldo, Unity Village 
NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
Lawrence. New Castle. 
Jefferson, Oskaloosa.. 
Sept. 17—18 
(postponed) 
Sept. 23, 24 
Merrimack River, Nashua 
Rockingham, Exeter. 
Cheshire. Keene. 
CALIFORNIA. 
....Sept. 9—12 
Sept. 30—Oct. 3 
....Oct 7—10 
San Joaquin, Stockton. 
Santa Clara, Santa Jose 
Contra Costa, Pucheco. 
VERMONT. 
River Valley Society, Hartford 
Franklin. Fairfield-- 
Caledonia, St. Johnsburv. 
CANADA WEST. 
North Lanark. Almonte. 
Kingston Electoral, Kingston. 
Peel. Brampton.... 
Brockville. Broekville. 
Russell. Auburn. 
North Simcoe, Barrie... 
South Simcoe, Bradford. 
Grenville. Prescott, ... 
Stormont, Cornwall--- 
Durham West, Newcastle... 
North Leeds and Grenville, Frankville... 
North Ontario, Prince Albert. 
East York Markham Village.. 
South Wellington. Guelph.. 
North Wellington, Fergus. 
CANADA EAST. 
Laval, St. Vincent rle Paul. 
Terrebonne. Grande Lignes. 
Sianstead, Birnsion Corners. 
Montcalm St. Patrick. Rawdon. 
Soulanges, St Clet.--- 
St. Hyacinthe, St Hyaeinthe.. 
Chate’auguay, Ste .. 
Compton. Cookshire. Eaton. 
Richmond. Camille—---- 
Bagot, Ste Rosalie.. 
Bonaventure No. 2, Maria. 
Bonaventure No 2. Mann..-. 
LLAssomption, St Paul 1 Enuite. 
NEW BRUNSWICK. 
Kings Co. Central. Hampton Ferry. 
Carlton, Woodstock -.......... 
Kingston Union, Kingston... 
MASSACHUSETTS. 
Highland, Middlefield.Sepi 
Middlesex, Concord—. ..Sep! 
Worcester. Worvester-Sep! 
Uoi-sac Valley. North Adams--Sejil 
Middlesex South, Framingham.Sepl 
Rousatonio, Great Barrington.Sepi 
Franklin, Greenfield. Sepi 
Middlesex North, Lowell.Sepi 
Norfolk. Dedham.. S^P 1 
Worcester West, liarre.. —---Sepi 
Essex. South Danvers...Sepi 
Nantucket. Nantucket ....Sepi 
Worcester North. Fitchburg.Sepi 
Berkshire. Pittsfield_Oct 
Hampshire. Franklin, & Hampden, Northampton, Oct. 
Plymouth, Bridgewater.Oct. 
Worcester South, Sturbridge--- 
Bristol. Taunton___ 
Hampden, Springfield__ 
Hampshire, Amherst- 
Barnstable. Barnstable_ 
Harapdou East. Palmer Depot.. 
Worcester South-east. Milford- 
Marika s Vinejard, West Tistmry- 
CONNECTICUT. 
Fairfield. Norwalk.....-- 
Windham, Brooklyn--- 
Middlesex. Middletown... 
Tolland Co. Horse Show, Rockville ... 
NEW JERSEY. 
Monmouth, Freehold.. 
Burlington, Mount Holly. 
To Prevent Tools from Rusting- 
A writer in the Philadelphia Dollar Newspaper 
very sensibly remarks that thousands of dollars are 
lost each year by the rusting of plows, hoes, shovels, 
etc. Some of this might be prevented by the appli¬ 
cation of lard and resin, it is said, to all steel or 
iron implements. Take three times as much lard as 
resin, and melt them together. This can be applied 
with a brush or cloth to all surfaces in danger of 
rusting, and they can easily be kept bright. If 
tools are to be laid by for the winter, give them a 
coating of this, and you will be well repaid. It can 
be kept for a long time, and should always be on 
hand and ready for use. 
Marine Mannres. 
A portion of the Report of the Secretary of 
the Maine Board of Agriculture for 1861 is devoted 
to an elucidation of the value of rockweed and fish 
as fertilizing agents. The matter was personally 
investigated by the Secretary, who traversed the 
....Sept. 23—26 
Sept. 30—Oct. 2 
....Oct. 1— 3 
....Sept. 17, IS 
....Sept 17, IS 
Sept 30—Oct 1 
