csrp 
commanded a battery. On his return from Mexico 
iu 184$, be vvaa appointed assistant professor of 
mathematics at the West Point academy, which po- 
siiiori he filled six months. 
During the year and a half which followed he was 
secretary of the Artillery Board, in which capacity 
he made many valuable experiments with heavy 
ordnance, and arranged a system of tactics adapted 
to heavy artillery, lie was subsequently engaged 
in the coast surveys, lie was appointed on topo¬ 
graphical service in the West, in the construction of 
military roads, the principal of which is the road 
from Big Sioux river to St. Paul, Minnesota. On 
this service he was engaged one year, when he wah 
placed in command ot the Frankfort Arsenal. From 
1854 to 1857 he was second ordnance officer. He 
was cbiel of ordnance in the expedition to Utah un¬ 
der Genetal Johnston. He constructed two batter¬ 
ies while on this service, one of which he command¬ 
ed until the year 1859, when he returned, and was 
stationed at the Mount Vernon Arsenal, Alabama. 
On bis return to Washington he was sent to take 
command at Leavenworth, Kansas. 
On the 12th of November last he was appointed 
Brigadier General, and was subsequently assigned 
to the command of the second brigade of the coast 
division under General Burnside. In the move¬ 
ments of the North Carolina Department, General 
Ileuo bore a conspicuous part, aud was made a Ma¬ 
jor General after the battle of Newborn. He re¬ 
turned with General Burnside to join the army of 
the Potomac, aud participated in several of the 
engagements before Washington, lie was a gallant 
officer and a brave man, and possessed the entire 
confidence of his superior officers, the respect of his 
companions ia arms, and the love ot all who served 
under him. 
Gen. Nelson was a native of Mason county, Ky, 
was no man who could say he was actually poor. 
He might have but, a humble borne, a little log cabin, 
but he hud plenty. Go to that poor man's home 
now. You will find that man’s wire clothed in rag-, 
and Weeping fur her husband, who, she will tel! you 
three days ago was dragged oif as a conscript. I t 
pour forth his blood like water in furtherance ol a 
cause which he detests.'' 
A Rkrkllion against tub Reukls.— The Delia 
of the 18th relates the following story: 
“The chivalry of Assumption parish, comprising, 
of course, all the cowardly sugar lords of that sec¬ 
tion, wishing to give to the country a mark of their 
devotion to the cause of treason, uot long ago pre¬ 
vailed on Thomas O. Moore to dispatch to their as 
si stance a troop of guerillas, in order to force their 
poor fellow-citizens in to the ranks of the Confederate 
army. Accordingly a few hundred guerrillas, the 
Itowcr of the Red River banditti, were sent, there, 
and in a very short time all the fighting men up 
Assumption were herded in a camp not far from 
Napoleonvllle, and pluced under the despotic sway 
of a rascally militia Colonel. 
“ No longer able to bear (lie tyranny of their com¬ 
mander, about 150 men in the camp, having pre¬ 
viously provided themselves with several rounds of 
buckshot, one morning about len days ago chose 
out of their number a leader. Having loaded their 
guns, they declared they would no longer fight 
against the United States government., and took 
possession of the camp, drivtngout all their officers, 
many of whom came very near losing their lives. 
Duriogtwo whole days they held possession ot the 
camp, ready to tight, any force sent against them, 
but no one dared to approach them. Oil the third 
day they left, for their homes. 
“The great Moore, it is said, has ordered to As¬ 
sumption a large foice of guerillas, in order there 
to murder alL the citmens loyal to the Union.’ 1, 
Gen. Butler's Orders.— Gen. Butler issued an 
order, on the 19th, to the effect that any of his sol¬ 
diers convicted of taking private property should 
bo immediately punished. Another order, dated on 
the 48tb, says: 
“All transfers of property, or right ,r of property, 
real, mixed, personal or incorporal, either by way 
of sale, gift., pledge, payment, or loan, by any in¬ 
habitant ol this department who has not returned 
to bis m- her allegiance t.i the United States, (hav¬ 
ing once been a citizen thereof,) are forbidden and 
void, and the person transferring and the person 
receiving shall be punished by line or imprisonment, 
ebbing; if you struggle through, you are a man 
forever—a man on a large scale of character, a man 
of intensity aud concentrated force, a man who has 
had more than glimpses into the magnificent possi¬ 
bilities of the spirit within him. 
Suchjare the men of Ileintzleman's corps (formes 
who escaped the chances of their glorious charge. 
They have lived ag«H in moments; they have passed 
through the most terrible ordeal that can test the 
stuff of manhood, and they have a recompense, be¬ 
yond gold or emolument—sell-asserted honor and a 
deep insight of life) for was it not bordered closely 
and heavily with death ? 
The men were by no means fresh when they were 
submitted to this trial. They had fought through 
the greater part of a most fatiguing day. They had 
been without provision or rest since early morning; 
and, worse than all, an intolerable thirst consumed 
them. They were tired—to the virge of exhaustion 
—hungry, thirsty, dusty—everything but dispirited. 
In the eyes of all the w orld they would have been 
justified in treating ihe order to charge as a mistake, 
whether intentional or unintentional. They had 
been forced back by the sheer weight of overwhelm¬ 
ing numbers; new forces had been constantly hur¬ 
ried upon them, and it was but madness to refuse 
the chances of meeting re-enforcementB in the reav. 
The awful crash of the battle was still around them 
A superior artillery was hurling havoc into the 
ranks. Musketry was increasing its deadly volleys, 
THE METAMORPHOSES OP MATTER, 
Lady, a word with you. You are as great as great 
can be, and I, what am I? Nobody. Nobody! I 
smile; the Scytbeman smiles. Nobody I Yes, I am 
a body, or l have a body, put the case as you will. 
Lady, calmly let us see what will become of your 
body, and what will become of my body. 
When you die, some fashionable undertaker will 
solder your 150 pounds of bone and blood and flesh 
into a leaden coffin, and pack the leaden coffin away 
into another coffin, decking the second with velvet 
and gewgaws as befits your superior station. Then 
to the vault you shall he borne, earth must not bold 
you. The cloistered charnel is your resting place, 
there to defy all elemental change:—braving disso¬ 
lution. 
Alas, my lady, if you could but see, as T by the 
light of chemistry can see, that, festering wreck of 
poisonous corruption seething wit hin that leaden box 
of yours in twelve short months or less 1 Yourllesh, 
instead of dissolving harmlessly into Ibitt air, or 
crumbling little by little to mother earth, thence 
passing into trees and flowers, a part of their very 
being, the elements of your body will have fretted to 
poisonous compounds, the veriest breath of which 
bursting free, as some day it must, will ppeed about, 
pestiteoce-breeding. There’s no avoiding the com¬ 
mon lot, my lady, none. Ashes to ashes, dust, to 
dust; thus is it. written and thus shall it be! Mate¬ 
rial elements know their destiny, and must follow 
it. To move on. combining aud re-combining, idle 
never,—that is their destiny; and — typical enough 
of what we see in life—if their energies he re¬ 
strained, if honest fields of energy be barred, they 
take to mischief. 
Your 150 pounds (more or less) of bodily material 
are only lent, my lady, held on the frailest of ten¬ 
ures. They are not freehold, nor even leasehold. 
Lotto, long was the night or ner vy rong, mi uio ivigu 
With the flashing of steel, like a dnjspring, hath brol 
And its dawn shows the van marching on to a man, 
To die in the call which his country hath spoken; 
For that call now awakes 
All the seas and the lakes, 
To catch the bright mom of her might as it breaks; 
And shout by the banner that Treason forsakes— 
* The Union—Novr and ForeverP * 
ROCHESTER, N. Y., OCTOBER 11, 1862. 
Tho Rebel Programme. 
George N. Sanders, the rebel emissary, who 
escaped over the Canadian frontier, in the disguise 
of a coal miner, was in time to catch the steamer 
Jura, and has landed safely in England. In order 
to convey the freshest “news” at. once to the Se¬ 
cessionist abroad, Sanders seems to have goue 
direct to the office of the Mercury at Liverpool, (a 
journal of strong pro-slavery sympathies,) to the 
editor of which he unburdened himself 1 lere is the 
story he told, but his vaticinations concerning Mary¬ 
land are ludicrous enough, now that the State has 
refused to rebel: 
*• Mr. George N. Sanders, late American consul in 
Loudon, passeoger, arrived incoij. by ‘underground 
railway,' direct from Richmond, Va., in time for the 
He has important dispatches for the 
or both. 
Bombardment of Natchez. — The Delta of the 
13th gives a brief account of a cruise made by the' 
Essex, iron clad, Commodore W. D. Porter, from 
which we gleam the following statements: 
“ About a week ago, as the Essex was cruising in 
the river, the look-out reported the rebel gunboat 
Wm. II. Webb in sight Chase was given imme¬ 
diately, and she was pursued past the guns at Vicks¬ 
burg. Tho Essex then started down the river, and 
on reaching Natchez, seut a boat’s crew ashore for 
ice. The boat, on nearing shore, was fired into by 
the rebels, and several of the crew wounded. For 
this act of temerity the whole shooting force of the 
Essex was brought to bear upon the ill-fated city 
for about two hours and a half, when a deputation 
was sent down with a proposition to surrender the 
city and hoist the Stars and Stripes. Commodore 
Porter then ordered the firing to cease, and pro¬ 
ceeded down the river till off Bayou Sara, where 
be stepped long enough to burn that ill-fated abode 
of rebels. There were but two houses left standing, 
one belonging to a gentleman, who is suid to be 
friendly to the Union cause, and the other the prop¬ 
erty of a lady. We did not learn what insult was 
the immediate cause of this visitation of vengeance. 
“On Sunday, as the Essex was coming down the 
river, a rebel battery of thirty-four guns, opposite 
Port Hudson, opened upon Iier, and a fierce battle, 
at not more than eighty feet distance began, which 
lasted an hour. At the end of that time the battery 
was silenced, and the steamer passed on down.’’ 
“It Moves.” — The “John Brown Guards,” is the 
name of a military company now organizing,— 
where, do you suppose, reader?—Why, in New Or¬ 
leans, of all places in ihe world. A John Brown 
company in the city of New Orleans! Well may 
we ask, what uext? 
Tins United States steamer Marion from New 
Orleans 25th, Key West 29th ult,, arrived in New 
York on the 3d instant. 
Geu. Butler hud ordered all citizens, male and 
female, above the age of eighteen to take the oath 
of allegiance by Oct. 1st, on pain of imprisonment 
and confiscation of property. 
A gang of 20 guerrillas, from above Irwinville, 
voluntarily surrendered. 
The 75th (Auburn) regiment has left Pensacola, 
and is uow at New Orleans. 
The Marion brought $252 000 in specie. 
steamer Jura. 
Confederate Commissioners, Messrs. Mason and Sli¬ 
dell. Mr. Sanders says Gens. Joseph E. Johnston 
and Beauregard had so far recovered as to be able 
to resume active duty; that the Confederate army in 
Virginia, east of Petershurgh, under command of 
Generals Lee, Johnston, Longstrcet, and Jackson, 
numbers 200,000 men, including inuro than 400 
pieces of well appoint^ field artillery under Geo. 
Pendleton, and ten thousand splendidly mounted 
and efficiently armed cavalry, under Gens. Stewart 
and Filzhugh Lee; that the Confederate army are 
iu fine condition, marchiug upon the enemy, and 
anxious to meet aud give them battle on any lair 
field; that, no one in or out of the army doubled the 
result; that Generals Beauregard, Bragg, Price, and 
Kirby Smith, were at the head ol one hundred and 
fifty thousand iufuntry and artillery and twelve 
thousand cavalry, in supporting distance of each 
other in North Alabama, East Tennessee, and South¬ 
eastern Kentucky, marebiog to the front and rear of 
Buell and Grant’s armies, supposed to number less 
than one hundred aud fifty thousand; that the Con¬ 
federate cavalry, under Generals Forest and Mor- 
guu, had cut off the Federal re-enforcements and 
supplies by river and rail, destroying transports aud 
trains from dose proximity to tho rear; that it was 
confidently believed at Richmond that Buell's army 
would be captured or dispersed; that it could not 
possibly make a successful stand south of the Ohio 
River; that General Humphrey Marshall had left 
Abingdon, Va., with his division, entering North¬ 
eastern Kentucky for the Blue Grass Region, ex¬ 
pecting to form a junction with Gcueral Kirby 
Smith from Beauregard and Bragg's army; that 
Major-General Homes, at the head of thirty thou¬ 
sand men from Texas. North-west Louisiana, aud 
Arkansas, had passed Fort Smith, aud would soon 
co-operate with twenty thousand State troops and 
partisan rangers already iu possession of the larger 
portion of the State of Missouri; that to hold St. 
Louis aud Missouri against this rapidly augmenting 
force, it would require a Federal army of not loss 
than one hundred and fifty thousand men; that all 
accouuts from Missouri, Arkansas, Tennessee, and 
Maryland, represented the young men of those 
States ready to rise and co-operate on the advance 
of the Confederate armies; and that the Confeder¬ 
ates calculated upon adding uot less than one hun¬ 
dred and fifty thousand men to their numbers from 
these States, as they had furnished scarcely a regi¬ 
ment to the Federal army under the recent call.” 
passed there no man can tell. They are not more 
bilent who fell with death-sealed lips than are those 
who came out unharmed. The excitement is loo 
great for memory to hold any ground; all faculties 
are swept away in the one wild thirst for blood. 
We can only say, that after a short, but desperate 
struggle, the rebel foe fell hack — not orderly and 
meaningly, but iu such confusion and lawless tur¬ 
moil as only terror can create. The day was won. 
The blood and bravery of lleintzleman’B stout fel¬ 
lows won it. The plaudits of a grateful eoimiry be 
with them! It was the boldest, and grandest charge 
of the war. The honor of all history must be with 
them. _ 
Our Dead Generals. 
Bkig.-Gen, J. IC. F. Mansfield, killed at the 
battle of Sharpsburg, was a native of Connecticut, 
from which State he was appointed a cadet to West 
Point Military Academy in October, 1817. lie was 
at the time of his death about sixty years of age. 
He graduated on the 30th of June, 1822, standing 
No. 2 in a class of forty members, among whom 
were Generals llunter, McCall, aud others, noted 
during the present war. On the first of July, 1822, 
he was breveted a second lieutenant of a corps of 
engineers, and received liia full rank the same day. 
On the 5th of March, 1832, he was promoted to a 
first lieutonantcy, and on tho 7th of July, 1838, be¬ 
came captain. 
lie served in the Texan and Mexican wars, and 
on the 6th of May, 1846, was breveted major for gal- 
laut aud distinguished services in the defense of 
Fort Brown, in Texas. On the 23d of the following 
Items aud Incidents. 
Tub Richmond Examiner, of Sept. 27th, says 
that the public highways in the valley of Virginia, 
from Winchester to Staunton, are crowded with suf¬ 
fering and wounded Confederate soldiers, poor fel¬ 
lows who were in the terrible fights of Sunday, 
Monday and Tuesday, and especially in the terrible 
fight of Wednesday of last week. They left the 
battle field for home or the hospital, and were too 
weak to proceed, aud had no money to procure their 
passage. 
Badly Sold.— The secesh shoe firms of Balti¬ 
more had a dear lesson. They added, knowing, as 
they always do, the course of events, to tho stock 
of their Frederick houses, and when the enemy 
came, sold largely to their bare-footed “deliver¬ 
ers” (?) The rebels paid them, however, in Con¬ 
federate scrip, and as this is not at par, tho Balti¬ 
more firms have gone under. 
Rev. Hiram Eduy, of Winsted, Conn., who has 
just been relieved after a year’s captivity in the 
South, was received with public demonstrations of 
rejoicing on his arrival home. In his speech he 
said:—“l am for the Union ten thousand times more 
I than ever beiore. My hairs have whitened during 
A Bayonet Charge. 
The correspondent of the Philadelphia Press 
gives the following description of a bayonet charge 
iu one of the recent battles: 
There was a bayonet charge. Let those who want 
to know what is the sublimest moment in the physi¬ 
cal existence of man look al a division when the 
order is given to hurl it silently and stealthily, but 
sternly and steadily, into the jaws of destruction, 
whence it can escape only by breaking the very 
teeth of (he death which threatens it. It is not mere 
bull-dogdaring that is then aroused; it is more than 
passionate blood which, at the word, leaps through 
the veins with such hot impetuosity that toughly 
corded nerve and brawny muscle quiver under the 
fresh life impulse. It is spirit, soul, that gush up 
warm and eager from the heart and pour through 
the old blood channels with such vivilying tumult 
that the dark, dull, veinous clots rush along as bright 
and sparkliug as if their foaming were the mantle 
of new fermented wine; it is the capacity for high 
aud glorious things, for suffering, daring, and death, 
which, latent before and felt as but faint and frag¬ 
mentary aspiring in the common droning of life, 
now springs into omnipotent aud full atatured ex¬ 
istence. You do not know what they are—the ca¬ 
pabilities of life—you oi the North who tread your 
little daily rounds, in and out, aud have no ambition 
beyond the hounds of wealth and ease. You are 
dreaming, all of you. You think yourselves bowed 
down when you groan under ponderous unrealities; 
by a truer paradox you may stand erect when the 
weight of a real mankind settles on you. 
HOW BODIES ARE EMBALMED 
of an injecting syringe. Tho artery iu the upper 
part, of the arm called the brachial, or the artery in 
the neck, the carotid, answers the purpose. Into 
this artery the embalming fluid, consisting of alum, 
or corrosive sublimate, is injected, until it permeates 
every structure; the solution sometimes retains its 
fluidity, sometimes it is so constituted that while it 
is warm in the fluid, on cooling it sets and becomes 
more or less hard. After the injection the artery is 
closed, the opening through the skin is neatly sewed 
up, and the operation is complete .—Scientific Am. 
Coucu’s Division. — A soldier that, was m the 
field near Sharpsburgh and at Williamsport, in 
Couch’s Division, thus speaks of the command: 
“ Gen. Couch behaved gallantly iu watching over 
the interests and efficiency of his Division. HiS 
Brigadiers, Gen. John Cochrane, Gen. Howe and 
Gen. Devans, with the officers aud men, did their 
duty nobly. After the battle of Antietam. this Di¬ 
vision was thrown to Ihe front to grapple with the 
ranks of the rebel army who were expected the 
next day to stand up to the tight. Geu. Cochrane's 
Brigade was immediately placed in front Thus 
they stood all day and all night, while the rebel 
sharpshooters were hard at work to protect their 
army now at bay, and as Gen. Cochrane now and 
then moved calmly along his Brigade, superintend¬ 
ing their positiou aud steadiness, they invariably 
saluted him with close sharp shots. The rebels be¬ 
fore our front retreated to Williamsport, and being 
closely pressed drew up in the order ol' battle Satur¬ 
day morning. Then and Jhere they stormed at us 
with shot and shell ‘right smartly,’ but finding the 
The United States Paper Currency.—T he 
Bank Note Reporter ol Mr. J. Thompson thus no¬ 
tices the new change currency of the Federal Gov¬ 
ernment, and also tho United States notes of larger 
denomination, as a descriptive, list. The stamps 
are fundable iuto notes, and the notes are fundable 
into 5.20 0 per cexit. bonds: 
Denomi- Size in Vignette. Color, 
nation. inches. 
5 cents....1M by'2!g_5e P. O. stamps___brown 
10 cents_1 1 ; by 2}*_toe P. O. stamp...green 
25 cents_IX by 3 _5 be P. O. stamps_brown 
50 ei-nts_1 4; fly 3 _5 10c P. O. stamps....green 
1 dollar_3 by 7)4_Chase..black and green 
2 dollars 3 by _Hamilton.black and green 
fi dollars 3 by 7‘.i_Figure 5.black and green 
10 dollars ..3 b.v T.;_Spread Eagle .. .black and green 
20 dollars . .3 by 7_Female standing. bliu'U and green 
50 dollars..3 by 7Hamilton .black and green 
loo dollars..3 by 7'.;_Eagle flying.black and green 
500 dollars . .3 by 7K_Washington_black aud green 
1000 dollars . 3 by 7Chase .black add green 
spiritual 
Let me strap a knapsack on you instead of a ledger; 
give you a pistol for a pen, and put a bayonet iuto 
your hands which before held a yard stick. Now 
stand in tho ranks and wait for the word. It comes. 
“Charge bayonets!” Offl and God be with you l 
Fight your way stoutly; it is for your life I Fight 
it unflinchingly; it is for your honor ! If you fall, 
the glory of this cause and the sublimity of this 
scene will brighten your eye iu spite of the death 
glaze, and hold high your hopes even when life is 
