inches sqtiare in the top of ibe hive, remove a por¬ 
tion of the comb, introduce a piece of thin coarse 
linen and place the sugar candy therein. Then 
invert a small tight, box over the hole, covering and 
Surrounding it with tow. or cotton waste, to prevent 
the escape of beat from the hive. An old-fashioned 
hive, containing a weak slock, may also be pro¬ 
visioned by inverting it, shortening the combs con¬ 
siderably, laving Ibin slats or bars across them and 
placing sticks of candy thereon. Tie a cloth over 
the mouth of the hive to keep the beeR confined, 
and set it in its inverted condition in a warm place, 
till the candy has been carried down. This plan 
may be resorted to in the winter, to save a colony 
from starvation; but cannot be recommended for 
general purposes. If a comb containing sealed 
honey c:tu be procured, and be laid on the shortened 
combs of the inverted hive, instead of the slats and 
candy, the bees will generally attach it securely in 
the course of the ensuing night; and the hive may 
then be turned up again and replaced on its stand. 
It is, however, in all cases best not to winter colo¬ 
nies which are in deficient in stores. Nothing short 
of absolute necessity can excuse it. Better break 
them up, uniting the hees with some other stock, 
and preserving the combs for future use. If given 
to an early swarm next season, more advantage will 
he derived from such comb, than from half a dozen 
poor starveling stocks which have required anxious 
attention for months, and may finally desert their 
hives in the spring. 
Wasps are apt to become troublesome at this time, 
when tho bees have retired to their winter quarters, 
and left the entrance of the hives unguarded. If 
their visits are frequent, they carry off much honey 
and kill many bees. They should be’killed wher¬ 
ever found, and numbers may be caught in vials 
half filled wilh sugar water aud suspended near the 
apiary. Mice should be excluded from the hives, 
by reducing the entrance so that only a few bees 
can leave or enter at a time .—Bee Journal. 
“On an extensive level plain or prairie, of uni¬ 
form climate and uniform vegetation, bees do not 
usually fly far; and there it does not unfrequently 
happen that, they fail to secure the requisite sup- 
pliesof honey; because, when the ordinary fountains 
of nectar are dried up, the failure is universal iu 
the entire area to which they have access. In such 
case, the monotonous character of the vegetati'Tn 
all around necessarily renders failure and famine 
synonymous, so far as the bees are concerned. A 
fertile valley with its adjacent hills presents a 
more happy combination, and the bees’ flight is less 
limited — extending sometimes to the distance of 
three or four miles. The earlier blooming flowers 
in the bosom of the valley, and the later supplies 
furnished by the flora of the hillsides, give to bees 
there located a decided advantage. Short crops or 
failures are rare in fucIi siluations, because a suc¬ 
cession of pasturage is offered to the busy gath¬ 
erers, and provides them with constant employment 
from spring till fall. Unfavorable weather never 
cuts off their resources so entirely as to prevent 
them from providing adequate stores, even in the 
worst, years. But it. must not be forgotten that 
very distant sources of supply, such as are situated 
two or three miles from the apiary, are never of 
much account, however ample iu themselves, as 
much time is lost in passing to and fro. and many 
perish on the journey. Hence it is customary, in 
many parts of Europe, for the bee-keepers to per¬ 
form a sort of Mahometan miracle iu behalf of 
their cherished charge, and as the pasturage can¬ 
not come to the bees, they carry the bees to the 
pasturage — by transporting their hives thither.” 
have a trough secured from storms, where salt may 
always be found by them. The colt should be 
weaned and fed with good bright bay, with a few 
oats once a day, with plenty of pure water—being 
regularly handled with firmness, yet. in kindness. 
There arc but. lew colts but what can be handled 
without much trouble, and taught to obey at all limes. 
It would be useless to say house the tools , and put 
the wagon under cover, for every thoughtful man 
counts the expense of leaving these things to rust 
out.—believing in the doctrine, it is better to wear 
out. No farm buildings are complete without a 
store room or carriages house, where all tools may 
have their appointed place when not in use. 
Wood ebonUl he at the door and in the shed be¬ 
fore the fall rains set in—enough at least to last un¬ 
til tho ground is frozen so that the lane to the wood- 
lot may not be rutted up in drawing it in wet 
weather. 
The war has called many of our best men away 
to suppress this hellish rebellion, therefore those at 
home should be doubly diligent in securing what the 
good Lord has given us, that we may have enough 
of surplus to pay tho tax our Government has call¬ 
ed for. Let all roll up their sleeves, and go cheer¬ 
fully to work; there should be no idlers now. The 
country calls you; farmers need you; merchants 
will employ you; manufacturers will work you; 
therefore arise, shake off your lethargy, every one 
—no drones now, IT you will be a drone, let the 
workers push you off to the ware, that you may be 
compelled to work. Let all work be well done in 
its s;eason. So says A Farmer. 
Fluvanna, N. Y. 
6j lbB. washed wool, and were in good condition in 
the spring. 
We neglected to state, when speaking of our own 
flock, that in the spring of 1S62, after our sheep had 
picked their living over the farm, with a double 
portion of grain and no hay; that our other flocks 
sheared better than they had done before—a few 
yearlings shearing 5i lbs. per head. 
We would like very much to bear the result of 
careful experiments to ascertain the proper quan¬ 
tity and most profitable variety of grain to feed to 
stock sheep through the winter. The experiments 
to be conclusive, should be more thorough and more 
carefully conducted than the generality of farmers 
would be willing to carry out. The sheep should 
be as nearly alike as possible wilh regard to pedi¬ 
gree, age, weight of fleece, Ac., and there should be 
several flocks fed in each particular way, and the 
profits carefully ascertained and compared as the 
result of feeding two or three or more flocks in one 
way, and the same number of flocks in another, 
would be much more conclusive than it would were 
the experiment tried on one flock only. The experi¬ 
ments should all be conducted the same season, as 
sheep do much better some years than others. Who 
will make the experiment? The variety in our 
flocks, and limited winter quarters for them, pre¬ 
vent us from trying it at present, or we would 
undertake it forthwith. Tyuo Lingo. 
The Srason.—O ctober has thus fur been quite unpleasant— 
olouflv and damp weather prevailing, though so little water 
has real ly fallen that the ground is drier than we have known 
it at. this period for man/ years. We have had hut two or 
three char sunshiny days in three weeks, (we write this Oct 
20 ) and though the temperature tins been w srnr, f„ r y le r _ ( ^ 
sun. the weather has heen very- un propitious and precluded 
out-dnor operations. This is some offset for the remarkably 
pleasant, weather through August and September. a, u ] 
compensation should he endured with patienoeand reaigna 
tion. Wo nave had bat little frost in this section, and many 
out-door flowers and plants are as green and life like to rt» T ^ 
in the midst, of summer. Indeed there has been hut little 
frost as j et in this region, or State, so far as we can learn, ex- 
eept on low ground ; and chestnut burs are ripening, and 
foliage changing, from maturity and age, without the aid 0 f 
‘‘killing frost. ” Of course corn and other crops have matured 
finely, and farmers, especially, have sufficient cause forccle 
brating Thanksgiving with unusual unction this year. They 
have certainly heen blessed “iu basket and iu store,” almost 
every crop having produced abundantly. 
Cojf.vKCTtruT Statp. Fair —The recent State Fair, at Hart¬ 
ford, is generally reported a success so far as the exhibition 
was concerned, though a failure financially. The display w„ g 
good in most departments, but the attendance meagre, and 
hence the receipts were insufficient )o pay expenses. The 
Hartford Times says:—“ The Annual Fair of the Connecticut 
Slate Agricultural Society, was not a success this year, hi the 
financial department; hut it. was successful in good manage¬ 
ment, in admirable stork, and iu the splendid collection of 
finite which appeared upon the ground Tho officers, gentle- 
men of sound discretion spared no pains to make the Fair 
worthy of the Society and of Connecticut. Personally they 
labored to this end, sacrificing much time anil money; but all 
that, they do not regret Their disappointment is in the 
sparse numbers of people attending, sad the consequent 
meagre cash returns, not affording a sufficient income to pay 
the expenses of the Fair, and of course leaving the premiums 
to stand as well-deserved compliments to the owners of stock, 
fruits, and manufactured aud fancy articles, aud an official 
declaration of the superiority of the animal or article exhibit¬ 
ed, without, the means to cash the awards uisdo by the com¬ 
mittee*. But most of our stock breeders and mauuflicturera 
value the award more for tho sanction it gives t.o their stock 
than for the few dollars involved in the premium. * * * 
The Fair has been of great benefit to our State, and its good 
effects will be felt in years to eoine. to a degree far surprising 
the mere amount of two or three thousands of dollars, more 
or less, which might have been taken at the gates and distrib¬ 
uted in premiums, in a more prosperous season and n less 
glimmy state of the public mind.” 
Dm when ripe and the ground is dry. But the 
when is not the question. How to dig is of some 
importance when the strong-armed, muscular boys 
are away to the war. I lmd thought most people 
knew how; some farmers do. But I am satisfied 
many do not. Hence, I say, dig them with a long- 
handled, strong, four-lined fork. Buy forks with 
the tines pretty close together. Without working 
any harder, three or lour times as many potatoes 
can be dug with a fork than with a hoe. Most 
Western fanners know this; most Eastern farmers 
may quickly learn it if their potatoes have been 
carefully cultivated, and the soil can be penetrated 
with anything but a pick. 1 have been digging 
potatoes this morning on a field of moderately stiff 
loam, which was meadow and pasture this spring. 
It had been turned over and planted. Considerable 
sod and Foma stone prevented rapid digging; but 
with the fork I have thrown out at least four times 
as many potatoes as another man alongside of me 
with a hoe—he innured to manual labor, and 1 with 
comparatively little practice the past seven years. 
I worked no harder than he did. lie is a believer 
in the fork now. c. d. b. 
ABOUT BEET SUOAK. 
About Bees —From a Country Couoln. 
* * * I wihh give you one experience while 
preserving pears. M had boiled in two brass ket 
ties about thirty pounds, and had brought them to 
that stage of the process when it is necessary to 
remove the fruit from the kettles aud spread to cool 
while the sirup is boiled down to a proper thickness. 
We had spread tho fruit upon a dozen platters, 
dodging all the while from two or three honey 
bees that appeared attracted to the spot. E. pro¬ 
posed that wo leave the kitchen, (with the outside 
door open,) till the bees left. We went out, aud in 
about fifteen minutes, on attempting to re-enter the 
kitchen, found it swarming with bees. We looked 
in at a window and discovered what appeared to be 
as many as half-a-dozen swarms of boos—the win 
dow-panes, stove, (from which the fire was dying 
out,) kettles aud air were black with them—the 
porches on each side of the kitchen and the yard in 
that vicinity were as had. We were in doubt what 
to do. 1 put some sulphur in a pan, shoved it. 
quickly into the kitchen, and threw a shovel ol 
coals on it. Soon the floor was covered with those 
stupefied with the sulphurous fumes, but others 
came and took their places, faster and taster. We 
waited, and still they came, like our armies lor mul¬ 
titude—and destined to a merciless end. 
At this stage of the case a neighboring girl came 
to our relief. She tied a quantity of rags to a stick, 
and after setting fire to them, went in among the 
invaders to smoke them out. Seeing ihat they got 
away from the smoking rags as fast as possible, T 
took courage, prepared myself with a Fimilar wea¬ 
pon. and rushed into the melee. Whatever love or 
respect 1 may have ever bad before for the honey 
bee, deserted uie at that, moment, and 1 was bent on 
their annihilation, it being evidently the only way 
ol cleariog them out As fast as they fell stifled to 
the floor 1 crushed them with my feet, and when the 
piles of the doad accumulated 1 swept them out. 
Thus we worked for three full hours, our eyes 
blinded and raining tears from the smoko. The 
windows, where we were obliged to assail most 
were all blackened, aud the floor so covered with 
pear juice, crushed from the slaughtered bees, that 
our shoes stuck fast at every step. We closed the 
doors, washed the windows, doors, floor and furni¬ 
ture, which took till night, and on going outside 
found that, what sirup had not been eaten by them 
was found to be a mass of bees, aud the handles and 
sides of the kettle were filled with living ODes, 
which we killed. 
The bees continued to come around the kitchen 
door for four days after it, and so numerous as to 
compel us to keep doors and windows shut, aud 
when we went outside to be prepared with burning 
rags to defend ourselves. 
But all our bloody (sticky, I meant to say.) story 
is not yet told. Upon examining our pears, the 
voracious creatures had eaten them down to hall' 
their original size. Besides these, they attacked 
some jars of other kinds of preserves that we had 
put upon the porch to sun, and each had a layer of 
several inches deep of the little creatures in them. 
Eds. Rural Nkw-Yokkkr: — If you think it 
would be interesting or profitable to your renders, 
i would like some information on the subject of 
beet sugar. Last year I tried an experiment of 
making sirup from beets, but did not succeed to my 
satisfaction, so i thought I would 11 try again.” 1 
used turnip beets, and found no difficulty in getting 
an abundance of juice by boiling or steaming and 
pressing, and it seemed to contain a large per cent 
of saccharine matter; but how to separate it from 
the rank vegetable taste, I do not know. This year 
I have continued the experiment, and have planted 
a Htnall patch with seed recommended to be genuine 
sugar beet Feed. 1 find no difficulty in raisingthem 
at the rate of twelve or fifteen hundred bushels to 
tho acre; and if i cannot make them into sugar, I 
think I can, by the help of iny Durham?, manufac¬ 
ture at least a portion of them into butter. 
Please inform me what is the process of making 
beet sugar. How does it, compare, with sorghum in 
expense of making and in yield per acre? 
Cusco, Mich.| Oct., 1R(!2. U. Wureler. 
Remarks.— We have already given information 
relative to tho culture ot the sugar beet We refer 
in our Western Correspondence, in another place, to 
the prospective value of Ibis beet as a sugar-pro- 
luciug root. We can give no information relative 
to the processes of its manufacture into sugar, that 
will enable the farmer to manufacture it profitably. 
It, requires cosily machinery, long experience, and 
a critical scientific knowledge. But it is believed 
that, the sugar beet as produced in the West., can lie 
manufactured profitably, both to the manufacturer 
and producer. Experiments the present, season 
will decide that question. Our correspondent 
should write to Messrs. Belcher & Bender, Chi¬ 
cago, Ill., and negotiate his crop with them for the 
experiments they are instituting.—c. d. b. 
PREMIUMS AWARDED 
At the N. Y. State Fail’, Rochester, Oct., 1802 
[As there wore gome errors and omissions in the copy 
of premium list furnished us from Albany, as given last week, 
we re publish the list of awardB on Implements, Machinery, 
&C,, with corrections mid additions.) 
FIRM IMPLEMENTS AND MACHINERY. 
FOR WO 11XIXU TUX unoexn A.\I> pottino is crops. 
Bert Plow, with newly invented principles, D DeOarmo, 
Rochester ..-_S Medal 
Best Cart Steel Plow, Remington A Co., Ilion, Herkimer 
county..... do 
Best i ollection ot Plows, Whltsside. Barnett A Co., 
Urockpoil.......Dip 
Harrows-1. Lyman Cook, Rochester.. $5 
2. T0 Hooker, Kendall... 3 
Twft-J!ms« Cultivators-1. .1 link, Baldwim-villo.. 6 
(me-Horro Cultivators 1. Thonin.? Brown, Conquest.. 5 
Grain Drill, with apparatus for distrihutiug grain. W Downie 
Fpi intrfleld, olrin,.S Medal 
llmtiw-Hou for Cleammi Drilled Crops, M Alden, Auburn. 
Chyukr enunty. . 
Potato Plerer—1. H S Chichester. Troy. 3 
.-.. .. 2 
Farm Wueou— 1 .lame* Laurie, Mr vertr, C W .. S 
A J Williams. West Henrii-ltii, Moruoe county. S 
Ox-Yoke—1. kl Vf Mason. El bridge,.. .. 2 
DISCRETIONARY. 
Dlt diing Plow—A .T Bartlett, Csnadpa.Dip 
Portable Fro.a. KM Daniels, Rochester.do 
Board and Wi re Fence - L a .1 Atinv. Farmer. do 
'■wiiisr Beam Plow—D C Alii Off, Kerbs.-.tor... .Trans 
Comt.lne.l Plow-T W Rni.pelypn, Fannei ... ...Dip 
:-elf.Holding Plow- C R BtirikptffiolT, Batavia,... do 
Whorl Plow W It Bur mil, Geneva. do 
Si re I Cultivator Teeth Remington A C". do 
Patent Lever Plow-.1 I'.llfa..n, New York City. . do 
Patent Lever Corn Plow—.1 K Mount, New York City.do 
Gang Plow While iile, Burned k Co..Trans 
Bean Planter do do . . Dip 
Plowing Ma" hi nr II II Barker. New York.Trails 
Tlitv -lpnre WhiflletiTe A M Beehe. West Bloomfield. . do 
•■(■'•'ling Machine — Ira S Htunhiougli. Newark.. do 
Corn Shelloi -Simuel Kicbai'.lgon.Dip 
Combined Potato Digger aud Cultivator Joseph Slocum 
Syracuse.. . do 
No. 4 Univoigftl now, J Non rue k Co., Boston. Mare..Trans 
maouinrs and iuri.>.uKxrs eor gathering, thrkshikc 
AMI (,’1.RARING OKOrfl. 
Horae rowers (Lever Principle)—1. Dow k Fowler, Fowler- 
Yiile. $S 
2. C L IVrigo, Groton, Tompkins Co.. ... i 
Endless Rail"ays 1 R A M Harder, Cobleskill, Schoharie 
enmity . -.. S 
2 Wheeler k Meliek, Alhanv.. 4 
Thrasher, Cleaner aud Separate) 1 — I Dow A, Fowler. s 
2 Uildieth & Co , Lock port- --- 3 
Hay. Straw and Cornstalk Cutter, on new principle —Pitts 
,v lira v ley. Roche I 1 . . 5 
Fanning Mi Is-1 A Hhlcley, Bristolvillc, Ohio. 5 
2 J k F Miles, Rochester. . .. 3 
Corn-talk and Hay C utter—L Barton k Milloner, Rochester 6 
2. Dow k Fowler.-. 3 
01 civ. r Mill and Cleaner— 1. Birdcall k Brokaw, West Iien- 
rietla...• ..... . •< 
Corn sheller, by Horae Power— 1 0 .1 Logg, Penn You- 8 
2 Samui i Richardson. Rochester. 0 
Coni Spejlrr, by Hand Power—I. Leavenworth k Mason, 
Rochester.!.-. 6 
2. W D Bnrrall.-... I 
buckwheat Scourer—B F Trimmer, Rorhexter. (i 
Vegeetiihln Cutter—1 John It Robertson, Syracuse,. 6 
2 Whiteside, Barnett & Co., Rrockport, . 4 
Horse Hav Rate 1 Truman P Downs. Brighton. 4 
Arrangement Tot unloading llay—I. N Palmer, Gree.nville. 3 
2. M DMyer*, Uiou..—... 2 
discretionary. 
Overshot Thresher and Cleaner—1. G Weatinghonse k Co., 
Belienectsdy, ..... Dip 
2 .) M Harvey &Ron, Amsterdam. .Small Ml. medal 
Hand Graiu Separator Chapman & Sprague. Rochester, do 
Pole and Pruning Shears—Tho? Evans, Watkins_Pat. 0. Rpt 
Fruit Gatherer— do do Trans. 
HAM) TOOLS AND HAIRY IMl'LEMRXTS. 
Bert and largest, collection r,( Implement* and Tools—Emery 
Bro:i., Albany. .... 92(1 
Grain Cradle 1. Remington k Co. 3 
Six Hav Fol k-. I. Beardsley Sanford, Pitcher. 3 
Six Manure Forks - 1. Same. 3 
Assortment Carpenter's Tools Barton k Milloner . C 
Assortment Cooper's Tools—1 C Wuiden, Lockport.. 6 
2 . Barton k Millener... 3 
Do/.an Ares-Barton A Hilleuer... 6 
Churn ) A Rose, Penn Van. 3 
2. M B Hopkins, Oak thud... 2 
Cheese Press—Roe k Blair, Madison, Ohio. 3 
DietUtK-flDNARV. 
Apple and Pencil Purer. Slicer and Coier—D II Whittemore 
Woreester, Mass .. .Dip k Trans 
Clod Crusher - W D Burrell.... do 
Agricultural Cauldion and Steam Boiler—D R Prin- 
dln, East Hut ban.v.... J ~ 
Bran Dusted' James Richmond, Loekport. 
Cheese Pecker A Turner— Ihifus Scott. Rutland 
Sample nf A ugurs - I, Zeiclor. Rochester.. 
Cheese Heop— Roe k Blair, Madison, Ohio. 
Reaper anti Mower Knives- Sweet Bros, SyrncnRU 
Butier Sepalfttnr—G IV Putnam, Peterbnro-Fai 
Atmospheric Churn- Hiram Clark. Rochester.. 
Combined Cream Pump, with Hue Attachtiif-fi 
Richardson, Sherman.. 
Combined But.te.r-worker. Wa-her, Weigher and. 
W. M. Keeler, Sherman...,. 
STEAM ENGINES, tkc. 
Stationary Engine—]. J E Booth. Rochester.Silver medal 
Hay .v Cattle Soules—-1. Sampson A'TibbittfBScaleCjp.,Troy, do 
Improved Dtain Tile aud Pipe Machine—1. A La Tuurrette, 
Jr., Waterloo .. do 
Portable Cider aud Wine Mill—1 C B Hutchinson, Auburn, do 
DISCRETIONARY* 
Set Barrel Head Maehine-.Tohn Greenwood. Rochester Dip 
Combined Shingle ami Heading Machine—Trevor k Co, 
Lockport. do 
Model of Cement. 1 lie Brain Machine - D S Ogden. NY... do 
Self-Acting Cattle Pump—Peter Freer, W Springfield, IV do 
Barrel Head Turner- Ar,k°r & Dougherty, Rochester. ..Sil mod 
Resawing Machine — Daniel lioneaetft). Albany -. Dip 
Tbb Michigan Statu Kaiic— held at Detroit, Sept. 23d to 
20th—is reported to have been the mot-t successful ever held 
by the Society A friend who attended the Fair says the 
Farmer?, Horticulturists and Manufacturer? of the Peninsular 
state reported decided progress, the exhibition iu the several 
departments being most creditable. Though the show of r at¬ 
tle wa* not as large as on some fomcr occasions, it was better 
in qualify. The rliow of sheep was both large and fine, »s 
li'iial, while the swine and poultry were well represented. 
The display of implcmenta and machinery was a great im¬ 
provement on former exhibitions. There was n tine display 
of fruits, flowers, etc..—and also of vegetable? and domestic 
manufactures. The Fair was a success in all respects, aud 
(considering the times and fears of failure) a great triumph 
pecuniarily—the receipts being nearly $3,000 over these of 
la?l year, and enabling the Society to pay all premium?, ns 
well as funner indebtedness The President, J. B. Crifpeh, 
Hsq , of Cold water, Menus. Pinto Pah sons and R. F. Joun- 
hto.nm of Detroit, ami other officers and members are entitled 
(o great credit for the result, upon which wa congratulate all 
interested. 
— At the conclusion of the Fair the annual meeting of the 
Society was held. We name the chief officers elected: I’res- 
iilcnt — Rrnx. Poi.lktt, Yprilanti Secretary —li. F. Jon.v- 
s TON n, Detroit. Treasurer — Pm to Paksoxs, Detroit; and 
die usual Executive Committee. 
OAT-PLANT LICE—APHIS AVENGE, PAD 
The Rural of the 18th contains a very interest¬ 
ing history of this insect, so destructive to Oats, 
both last year and this, in parts of the country. It 
is from the hand ol' Dr. Asa Fitch, the well-known 
Entomologist of our State, who has shown his great 
industry, acuteness, and accuracy of observaiion. 
The fact that this Aphis propagates a part ol (he 
time by eggs, deposited alter the pairing of the two 
sexes, and for another period by producing living 
young from apparent females without the appear¬ 
ance of any male, was held to be curious in this 
latter case, tho insect is doubtless in the “ hermaph¬ 
rodite ” form, a very .frequent form in insects and 
some lower animals. The apparent female is real ly 
of both sexes, and tho living young are developed 
in a not uncommon mode. The doctrine of Dr. 
FrTCii is that of tho body of naturalists, that “all 
living things descend from parents,’’ and from an 
egg. On this Prof. Aoassiz writes:—“ The egg 
originates in a special organ, the ovary; it grows to 
a certain size, until it requires fecundation, that is, 
the influence of another living being, or at least the 
product of another organ, the spermary.” This 
statement reaches the present case, and indicates the 
solution already given of the character of the appa¬ 
rent females, at and before the oats or other grains 
have come forward to the stase of (lowering. This 
is a plausible, if not the necessary solution. Another 
solution is given by Prof. Agassiz : There are 
“certain insects, in which several generations of 
fertile females follow one another before males ap¬ 
pear again.” 
Rochester, Oct. 20, 1862. C. D. 
Statb Fair PRVinnsis ,&c.—Wc publish iu another column 
a corrected official lift, of premiums awarded at the recent 
Slate Fair on Implements. Maoliiuery &e , which includes 
several Important articles omitted from the copy first received. 
This completes all the awards except those iu No. 60, (Dis¬ 
cretionary.) a single but important department, the result of 
the competition iu which we shall publish as 6oon as it can be 
obtained, 
— Wo are glad to observe in the list as now published that 
several machines and implements heretofore described or 
comincndably noticed ill the Rurau, are Rwardcd diplomas, 
medals, etc. Among these are La Toi'RBKTTR’8 Improved 
Drain Tile Machiue; I’rinulm'8 Agricultural ChuMioq slid 
Steamer; Cuaccku. & Spkac.dk'8 Hand Grain SrparatOr, 
(•• Booth's Compound Shaker;”) Uartcktt'S Ditching l’low; 
Harour's Endless Railway Horse Power; Wkstinuiioi'Sk’s 
Overshot Thresher and Cleaner; Pittr & Brayi.ky's Feed 
Cutter; Birubali.'s Clover Mill and Cleaner; E. W. Mima’ 
Empire Windmill, Fiiarkr'r Self-Acting CatUe. Pump; Rich 
arhson'S combined Butter-worker, Washer, Weigher and 
Salter ; M'niTTRliORx's Apple and Peach Tarcre; and several 
other machines which we have aforetime mentioned favorably. 
Of coarse we are pleased to learn that our judgment has 
been endorsed in so many instances. 
CHOPS WEST—COOPEHS WANTED 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker: —Your correspond¬ 
ent II. Uut.s. (St. Charles, Ill.,) is, f think, quite 
correct in his estimate of tho grain crops, &e., in 
this section of country, and I think tho same may 
apply (o the whole uorth west and middle part ot 
this State and Iowa, And 1 may also add, that for 
want uf sufficient help in harvest, much of the grain 
was stacked without binding, and poorly stacked at 
that, (as everything is done here in a hurry,) con¬ 
sequently much of the graiu is badly damaged in 
the stock—this being an unusually wet fall. Many 
of the stacks now standing look as if covered with 
green sods! 
The sugar cane is doing well, and I trust we shall 
all gel. sweerened to our heart’s content, without 
any Southern help. 
One great, lack with us now is cooperage. It is 
difficult to obtain barrels at any price, to supply the 
steadily increasing demand. If you know any 
steady, industrious men of the above trade, who 
would endeavor lo improve their circumstances, 
pray urge them this way. It will be their own 
fault if they tail to do well. c. w. 
Princeton, Bureau Co., HI., 1862. 
SEASONABLE AND SENSIBLE HINTS. 
TUR Cooxtt and Looai. Fairs lately b.ld in this State have 
generally 4teen better, and more largely attended, than antici¬ 
pated. We have favoiahlc reports from several counties, but 
want of space precludes their publication. Among the County 
Fairs iu this region thoso ol Livingston, Ontario. Allegany, 
Orleans, Seneca, Cattaraugus, Wayne and Genesee are spoken 
of as much more successful than had been expected. The 
Dutchess, Delaware. Essex, Oswego, Queens and Warren Co. 
Fair* are also reported to havo been quite successful. Favor¬ 
able reports have likewise been received relative to quite a 
number of Union aud Town Fairs. 
Tbe frost, has nipped (lie leaves; the maple and 
the ash are gorgeous with gold aud crimson. The 
chestnuts begiu to lull, as the burrs open by tho au¬ 
tumnal frosts. The corn is cut up and neatly 
shooked. The potatoes are already in the cellar. 
Orchards bending under the burthen of rich fruit, 
reminds one that this product will soon need to be 
removed to the fruit room prior to hard winds and 
early snows. All the early flowers have faded, and 
but a lew remain. The lawn is russet and brown, 
and the leaves are collecting in nooks aud corners. 
The husbandman is ever busy—but doubly so now ; 
from early morn till latest eve he husks the goldeu 
ears, and at nightfall cheerfully sits with the frugal 
wife and daughters, paring apples, that they may 
lay up in winter's storehouse those comforts given 
to satisfy the outer man. 
The sty is filled with sleek porkers, whose gener¬ 
ous grunt speaks all—that they eat and sleep and 
are satisfied. The accumulation of fat is much 
more economically done, aud with much greater 
satisfaction, iu warm than iu cold weather; less is 
required to keep up the heat required to supply na¬ 
ture’s wants, and more goes to the accumulation of 
fat Those Grades aud Durhams in the stall are 
ever ready for the morning and evening meal of iur- 
neps or pumpkins, that uotbirig he wasted that can 
be turned to profit on the farm. The rainy days are 
spent with the hand mill and press in supplying the 
family (and perhaps some for market,) wilh the de¬ 
licious juice of well ripened and sound fruit 
Much there is to be done this month. A day or 
two (perhaps more,) must be spent in cleaning up the 
old and putting out roots for the new flower gardens. 
Those Tulips, Crown Imperials, Hyacinths, &c., <fce„ 
need a 6bare of every man’s attention. A farm is 
far more beautiful with now and then a flower and 
shade tree. Shrubbery add3 much to beautify a 
homo. Who doe« not love roses, and all flowers ? 
Then we must plant them and care for them; noth¬ 
ing grows prosperously without care. The sun may 
shine, the rains descend, but yet the corn wants the 
plow and the hoc. So, even flowers want the atten¬ 
tion of a kind and generous hand—bountifully fed 
will bountifully repay in its own way. 
The lambs need a little extra care, always sepa¬ 
rating from the older ones, put in fresh feed, salting 
as often as twice a week. A much better way is to 
October management. 
Ip, from want of leisure or other cause, the 
union of stocks too weak to be wintered separately, 
has been hitherto delayed, it can still be done on 
any line day this month. There will now be very 
little brood remaining in such colonies; and if 
placed iu a cool aud airy chamber, the surplus 
empty combs are not so liable to be injured by the 
moth and worms, as at an earlier period—though 
they should still be occasionally examined. If they 
he suspended in a close box, and exposed for an 
hour or two to the fume of burning brimstone, they 
will keep safely till the approach of spring: and 
renewed fumigation then will preserve them unin¬ 
jured. till required for use when the hees are gather¬ 
ing honey or artificial colonies are to be made. 
The more quiet the bees cau now aud hencefor¬ 
ward during the winter be kept, the better; and 
they should, therefore, not be disturbed by feeding 
them, unless in the event of absolute necessity. 
When any colony is likely to ho iu need, honey 
should, it possible, he given them in sealed combs; 
and where liquid honey or dissolved sugar candy 
has to be led, it should be placed within the hive iu 
the evening, and the vessel Temoyed early next 
morning. Give, on each occasion, as large, a dose 
as the bees can carry up during the night, and re¬ 
peat this till they have received an adequate snpply. 
The earlier iu the fall they are thus provisioned, 
the more properly will it be stored up in the combs, 
and the more likely is it that the bees will seal it 
up iu the cells, if it can be conveniently placed, a 
portion, at least, of their supplies should be in (he 
form of sticks or lumps of candy, because fluid food, 
given late, may remain unsealed in the cells, and is 
then apt to turn sour before spring and induce dys¬ 
entery. Besides, where there is a large quantity of 
unsealed food, the temperature of the hive will he 
colder than is consistent with the comfort and health 
of the bees, and the confined air will become 
charged with an excess of moisture. If the bees 
are in a common hive, and have insufficient BtoreB, 
the better way to supply them, is to cut a hole four 
Range of Bees’ Flight. 
Many seem to think that hees are confined to a 
short range in their search for lood, almost eoufiucd 
to the garden or farm of the apiarian, hence they 
endeavor to grow plants that will furnish honey. 
Others think they make a very wide range, going 
live or more miles. The bees are governed by cir¬ 
cumstances. When food is abundant, within half a 
mile or so, they will not go farther. On this subject 
we find the following, by a correspondent of the 
American Bee Journal : 
“The distance to which bees fly in search of pas¬ 
turage and to gather honey, has heen the subject of 
much discussion and controversy. I regard it as 
depending so much on circumstances, that it is 
rather a matter for observation in each particular 
locality, thau one to which any general rule can be 
applicable. I conceive it to he the province of each 
apiarian to study his own location, aud to be gov¬ 
erned by the circumstances by which he finds him¬ 
self surrounded. Seasons, climate, the character of 
the prevalent vegetation, the nature of the cultivated 
crops, their customary rotation, &c., must, all be 
taken into consideration, as they exert a controlling 
influence on the resources which tbe bees can com¬ 
mand. As these vary, so also must vary the abund¬ 
ance or scarcity of the pasturage resulting there¬ 
from, and the range of the bees' flight in quest of 
their coveted treasures must necessarily be influ¬ 
enced and determined thereby. When distant. 
Tur Mamuota Cm- a?k, rxhibiteti at the recent Slate Fair 
by Mcasr?. Tan.nkk & Williams, of M.rrey, Oneida county, and 
which attracted so much attention, in to be devoted to a patri¬ 
otic purpose. It was purchased by one of our most enterpris¬ 
ing grocery merchant?, Mr. M. J. Mronton, No. SO Buffalo st., 
w ho proposes to cut it up aud sell in small parcels for the 
benefit, of sick and wounded soldiers—or, to give the prorwds 
to Ladies’ Aid Societies of this city, by whom tho money will 
be appropriated for the relief of volunteers in hospitals. The 
object is a noble one, and we trust a handsome sura will be 
realized. The cheese weighs 1030 tbs., auil was manufac¬ 
tured in a single day, in one curd, from the milk uf 000 cows. 
It ought to sell, under the circumstances, for a thousand dol- 
lurs We will cheerfully attend to orders from any patriotic 
friends at a distance who wish u slice of the mammoth. 
Trans 
Perfumkkibs, Extricts, &c,— The reception of certain 
“sealed packages” of Perfumery Extracts, See , from Messrs. 
Markkm. .St Bko., of tho '• Establishment Mitchell,” and Mr. 
C. H Woodworth, of the “Rochester Chemical Works,” 
constrains us, in acknowledgment, to utter an opinion long 
entertained by the fairer portion of creation—to wit., that the 
productions of said establishments and parties aforesaid, are 
not only choice and valuable, but gotten up most beautifully, 
the fine external appearance of the articles not belieing 
their qu'dity. Though ice are not very familiar with such ar¬ 
ticles, we are assured by those at our domicil who seem to 
know whereof they affirm, that the productions of Messrs. 
Woodworth aud AIarkkll are “good things to keep in the 
house,” if uot indispensable in every family. 
How to Kkec Potatoks from Rotting. —A correspondent 
of the Scientific American says he has tried the following plan 
of keeping potatoes, for four years, and not lost a bushel in 
that time after they were harvested ; though in some cases 
they were half diseased when taken out of the ground i— 
“ Dust over the floor Of the bin with lime aud put in about 
six or seveu inches deep of potatoes, and dust with lime as 
before. Put iu six or seveu inches more of potatoes, and 
lime again ; repeating the operation till ull are stowed in that 
way. One bushel of lime will do for forty bushels of pota¬ 
toes, though more will not hurt them—the limo rather im¬ 
proving the flavor than otherwise. ” 
Tns PitKPARATtON ov Flax — A correspondent of the 
Montreal Herald mentions a discovery in the mode of prepar¬ 
ing flax which seems equally applicable to the Northern and 
elevated portions of the United States and Canada. He ob¬ 
serves ,—It has been discovered that in Lower Canada we can 
prepare our Hax for the mill with very little trouble or expense, 
by a mode which answers as well as steeping, and that is, to 
spread the flax on a meadow in December, aud allow it to re¬ 
main on the ground till April. The winter snow rots it effect¬ 
ually, and when the snow goes off in April, you will find 
your flax clean and dry, ready for carting to the scutch mill, 
without any expense worth mentioning. 
| vim' i.W’ 
